190-00356-00 400w pilot guide

8/6/2019 190-00356-00 400W Pilot Guide

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8/6/2019 190-00356-00 400W Pilot Guide


Foreword

Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A.Tel: 913/397.8200 Fax: 913/397.8282

Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Rd., S.E., Salem, Oregon 97302, U.S.A.Tel: 503/581.8101 Fax: 503/364.2138

Garmin (Europe) Ltd., Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey, Hampshire S051 9DL, U.K.Tel: 44/0870.851241 (Europe) Fax: 44/1794.519222Tel: 0808.2380000 (UK)

Garmin Corporation, No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road, Shijr, Taipei County, TaiwanTel: 886/02.2642.9199 Fax: 886/02.2642.9099

Web Site Address: www.garmin.com

© 2006 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Except as expressly provided herein, no part of thismanual may be reproduced, copied, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded or stored in any storage medium,for any purpose without the express written permission of Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permission to down-load a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storagemedium to be viewed for personal use, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual or revisionmust contain the complete text of this copyright notice and provided further that any unauthorized commercialdistribution of this manual or any revision hereto is strictly prohibited.

Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Garmin reserves the right to change or improvetheir products and to make changes in the content of this material without obligation to notify any person ororganization of such changes or improvements.October 2006 190-00356-00 Rev. A

Foreword

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CAUTION: The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government, which is solely re-

sponsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the Garmin 400W-series are precision electronic NAViga- tion AIDs (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and therefore become unsafe.

CAUTION: Use the 400W-series at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review

and understand all aspects of this Owner’s Manual and the Flight Manual Supplement, and thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. When in actual use,carefully compare indications from the 400W-series to all available navigation sources, including the information from other NAVAIDS, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation.

WARNING: The altitude calculated by the 400W-series is geometric height above mean sea level and could vary signicantly from altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in aircraft.

WARNING: The Jeppesen database incorporated in the 400W-series must be updated regularly in order to ensure that its information is current. Updates are released every 28 days. A database information packet is included in your 400W-series package. Pilots using

an out-of-date database do so entirely at their own risk!

CAUTION: GPS receivers operate by receiving and decoding very low power radio signals broadcast by satellites. It is possible that in some situations other radio equipment or electronic equipment used in close proximity to a GPS receiver may create electromagnetic interference (EMI) which may affect the ability of the GPS receiver to receive and decode the satellite signals.In such event, the interference may be reduced or eliminated by switching off the source of interference or moving the GPS receiver away from it.

CAUTION: The electronic chart is an aid to navigation and is designed to facilitate the use of authorized government charts, not replace them. Land and water data is provided only as a general reference to your surroundings. The positional accuracy of the land and water data is not of a precision suitable for use in navigation and it should not be used for navigation.Only ofcial government charts and notices contain all information needed for safe navigation – and, as always, the user is responsible for their prudent use.

CAUTION: The Terrain feature is for supplemental awareness only. The pilot/crew is responsible for all terrain and obstacle avoidance using information not provided by the 400W-series Terrain feature.

CAUTION: The Garmin 400W-series does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by an authorized Garmin service center.Unauthorized repairs or modications could void your warranty and authority to operate this device under FCC Part 15 regulations.

NOTE: The GNS 400W-series units use a different database than in the legacy units. The databases are incompatible between units. The GNS 400W-series units must use a WAAS enabled database.

NOTE: This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known to the State of California to

cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This notice is being provided in accordance with California’s Proposition 65. If you have any questions or would like additional information, please refer to our website at www.garmin.com/prop65.

NOTE: It is the pilot’s responsibility for initial missed approach guidance in accordance with published procedure. The unit may not provide correct guidance until established on a dened leg.

Cautions

IntroductionCautions

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NOTE: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC limits forClass B digital devices. This equipment generates, uses, andcan radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed andused in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmfulinterference to radio communications. Furthermore, there isno guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular

installation.

If this equipment does cause harmful interference, the user isencouraged to try to correct the interference by relocating theequipment or connecting the equipment to a different circuitthan the affected equipment. Consult an authorized dealer orother qualied avionics technician for additional help if these

remedies do not correct the problem.

Operation of this device is subject to the following conditions:(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2)this device must accept any interference received, including

interference that may cause undesired operation.

To obtain accessories for your 400W-series, please contactyour Garmin dealer.

Help us better support you by completing our on-line registra-tion form today! Registration ensures that you will be notiedof product updates and new products and provides lost or sto-len unit tracking. Please, have the serial number of your unit

handy, connect to our web site (www.garmin.com) and look forour Product Registration link on the home page.

The 400W-series display lenses are coated with a special anti-reective coating which is very sensitive to skin oils, waxesand abrasive cleaners. It is very important to clean the lensusing an eyeglass lens cleaner which is specied as safe for

anti-reective coatings and a clean, lint-free cloth.

Cautions

Garmin is fully committed to yoursatisfaction as a customer. If youhave any questions regarding the400W-series, please contact ourcustomer service department at:

Garmin International, Inc.1200 East 151st Street

Olathe, KS 66062-3426 U.S.A.

Phone: (913) 397-8200Fax: (913) 397-8282

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Accessories and Packing List

Congratulations on choosing the world’s nestpanel-mounted IFR navigation/communication system!The 400W-series represents Garmin’s continued com-mitment to providing you with the most advancedtechnology available today — in an accurate, easy-to-use design suitable for all of your ying needs.

Unless otherwise specied within this manual,the term "400W-series " applies to the GPS 400W,

GNC 420W, GNC 420AW, GNS 430W, and GNS 430AW models. Please note that the difference between these models is indicated in the Speci- cations section of this manual (see Appendix B).

Before installing and getting started with your newsystem, please ensure that your package includes thefollowing items. If any parts are missing or are dam-aged, please contact your Garmin dealer.

Standard Package:• Garmin 400W-series Unit• NavData® Card• Terrain Card• GPS Antenna

• Installation Rack & Connectors• Pilot’s Guide• Quick Reference• 400W/500W Series Display Interfaces

Addendum• 400W/500W Series Garmin Optional Display

Interfaces Addendum

• GNS 400W/500W-series Simulator TrainingCD-ROM• Database Subscription Packet• Warranty Registration Card

Upgrade Package:• Garmin 400W-series Unit• NavData® Card

• Terrain Card (optional)• GPS Antenna• Pilot’s Guide & Reference• Quick Reference• 400W/500W Series Display Interfaces

Addendum• 400W/500W Series Garmin Optional Display

Interfaces Addendum• GNS 400W/500W-series Simulator Training

CD-ROM• Database Subscription Packet• Warranty Registration Card

Your Garmin dealer will perform the installationand conguration of your new 400W-series unit. Afterinstallation, the NavData® card will already be installedinto the correct slot on the front of the unit (see Appendix A). The 400W-series will be secured in theinstallation rack with the proper wiring connections.Have your dealer answer any questions you may have

about the installation — such as location of antennasor any connections to other equipment in the panel.

Accessories and Packing List

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Limited Warranty

This Garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for two years from thedate of purchase. Within this period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail innormal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts and labor, providedthat the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost. This warranty does not cover failures due toabuse, misuse, accident, or unauthorized alterations or repairs.

THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALLOTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY ARISIN ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, STATUTORY

OTHERWISE. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, WHICH MAY VARY FROM STSTATE.

IN NO EVENT SHALL GARMIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER RESULTING FROM THE USE, MISUSE, OR INABILITY TO USE THPRODUCT OR FROM DEFECTS IN THE PRODUCT. Some states do not allow the exclusion of incidental orconsequential damages, so the above limitations may not apply to you.

Garmin retains the exclusive right to repair or replace the unit or software, or to offer a full refund of the pur-chase price, at its sole discretion. SUCH REMEDY SHALL BE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOBREACH OF WARRANTY.

To obtain warranty service, contact your local Garmin Authorized Service Center. For assistance in locatinga Service Center near you, visit the Garmin Web site at “http://www.garmin.com” or contact Garmin CustomerService at 800-800-1020.

Warranty

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Activating Flight Plans.............................................................68Inverting Flight Plans ..............................................................69Create a new ight plan..........................................................69Crossll ..................................................................................70

Copying Flight Plans ...............................................................70Deleting Flight Plans ...............................................................71Deleting All Flight Plans ..........................................................71 Sort List By Number?/Sort List by Comment? ..........................72

Active Flight Plan Page..................................................................72Active Flight Plan Options.............................................................73

Activate Leg ............................................................................73Crossll ..................................................................................73Copy Flight Plan .....................................................................73Invert Flight Plan .....................................................................73Delete Flight Plan ...................................................................74Select Approach ......................................................................74Select Arrival ...........................................................................75Select Departure .....................................................................75Remove Approach, Arrival, or Departure .......................... ........76Closest Point of FPL ................................................................76Parallel Track ...........................................................................77Change Fields .........................................................................78Restore Defaults .....................................................................78

Shortcuts..........................................................................................78Section 5 Approaches, Departures, & Arrivals.................................81

Basic Approach Operations...........................................................83Approaches with Procedure Turns................................................84Flying the Procedure Turn..............................................................85Flying the Missed Approach..........................................................88Flying an Approach with a Hold....................................................89Flying a DME Arc Approach...........................................................92Vectors to Final...............................................................................95

Flying the Vectors Approach..........................................................96Course From Fix Flight Plan Legs..................................................98ILS Approaches..............................................................................102

Selecting an ILS Approach .....................................................103Flying the ILS Approach .........................................................104

Selecting an LPV Approach..........................................................107Flying the LPV Approach .......................................................107

LNAV/VNAV and LNAV Approaches with Advisory VerticalGuidance........................................................................................109Points to Remember for All Approaches....................................109Points to Remember for Localizer or VOR-based Approaches109Enabling Autopilot Outputs for the King KAP140/KFC225......111

Section 6 WPT Pages............................................................................113WPT Page Group...........................................................................113Duplicate Waypoints....................................................................115Airport Runway Page...................................................................117

Airport Frequency Page...............................................................118Airport Approach Page.................................................................120Airport Arrival Page......................................................................122Airport Departure Page...............................................................123

Intersection Page..........................................................................125NDB Page.......................................................................................125VOR Page.......................................................................................126User Waypoint Page......................................................................127Creating User Waypoints.............................................................127Creating User Waypoints from the Map Page...........................129Modifying User Waypoints..........................................................129User Waypoint Page Options.......................................................130User Waypoint List........................................................................131

Section 7 NRST Pages..........................................................................133NRST Page Group..........................................................................133Navigating to a Nearby Waypoint..............................................135Nearest Airport Page....................................................................135Nearest Intersection Page...........................................................137Nearest NDB Page........................................................................137Nearest VOR Page.........................................................................137Nearest User Waypoint Page.......................................................138Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page......................................................138Nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) Page.................................139Nearest Airspace Page.................................................................140

Section 8 VLOC (VOR/Localizer/Glideslope) Receiver Operations..............................................................................................................145Ident Audio and Volume ...............................................................145VLOC Window and Tuning............................................................145CDI Key...........................................................................................148

Section 9 AUX Pages............................................................................149AUX Page Group...........................................................................149Flight Planning Page.....................................................................150

Fuel Planning ........................................................................151Trip Planning ........................................................................153Density Alt / TAS / Winds ................ ................ ............... ........154Crossll ................................................................................155Scheduler .............................................................................157

Utility Page....................................................................................158Checklists .............................................................................159Flight Timers .........................................................................161Trip Statistics ........................................................................162RAIM Prediction ....................................................................162Sunrise / Sunset ....................................................................163Software / Database Versions ................................................164

Setup 1 Page.................................................................................164Airspace Alarms ....................................................................167CDI Scale / Alarms ................................................................167Units / Mag Var .....................................................................168

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Position Format .....................................................................169Map Datum .........................................................................170Date / Time ...........................................................................170Restoring Factory Settings .....................................................170

Setup 2 Page.................................................................................171Display .................................................................................172Nearest Airport Criteria .........................................................172SBAS Selection ......................................................................173COM Conguration ...............................................................173Restoring Factory Settings .....................................................174

Section 10 Fault Detection & Exclusion...........................................175Detection and Exclusion..............................................................175

Section 11 Messages, Abbreviations, and Navigation Terminology

...........................................................................................................177Messages.......................................................................................177Turn Advisory and Arrival Annunciations...................................183Abbreviations................................................................................184Navigation Terms..........................................................................188

Appendix A NavData Card Use..........................................................190Appendix B Specications..................................................................191Appendix C Troubleshooting Q&A....................................................192Index.........................................................................................................198

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Model DescriptionsThis guide covers the operation of the GPS 400W,

GNC 420W, GNC 420AW, GNS 430W, GNS 430AW.

In general, all models will be referred to as the400W-series, except where there are physical or operationaldifferences. The 400W-series units are 6.25” wide and2.66” high. The display is a 240 by 128 pixel color LCD.The units include two removable data cards, one witha Jeppesen database (inserted in the left-most card slot)and the second being a Terrain database (inserted in the

right-most card slot).GPS 400W The GPS 400W has a WAAS GPS engine and is TSO

C146a certied for primary domestic, oceanic, andremote navigation including en route, terminal, andnon-precision approaches, and approaches with verticalguidance, such as LPV and LNAV/VNAV. The GPS 400Wcan simultaneously give aviators vital approach infor-mation and weather and trafc data in relation to theirposition on a color moving map display. Thanks to ahigh-contrast color display, the information can be easilyread from wide viewing angles even in direct sunlight. Itscolor moving map features a built-in database that showscities, highways, railroads, rivers, lakes, coastlines, and acomplete Jeppesen database. The huge Jeppesen database(that can be updated with a front-loading data card)contains all airports, VORs, NDBs, Intersections, FSS, Approach, DPs/STARs, and SUA information.

Pilots will enjoy the GPS 400W as an MFD, especiallywhen it is coupled with trafc, lightning detection, andweather interfaces like Ryan TCAD, TIS from the GarminGTX 330 Mode S transponder, or L3 SKYWATCH™, or

STORMSCOPE®

WX 500. With the PC-based FDE pre-diction program, the GPS 400W may be used for oceanicor remote operations. For the latest in graphical andtextual weather information, the GPS 400W can connectto XM Satellite Radio’s XM WX Weather Service via the

GDL 69/69A datalink receiver.GNC 420W/420AW

The GNS 430W/AW includes all of the features of

the GPS 400W, and also includes TSO’d airborne VHFcommunications transceiver. This multipurpose unit isavailable with either a 10-watt (GNS 420W) or 16-watt28 V dc (GNS 420AW) COM.GNS 430W/430AW

The GNS 430W/AW includes all of the features of theGPS 420W/420AW, and also includesTSO’d airborne VOR/Localizer and Glideslope receivers. This multipur-pose unit is available with either a 10-watt (GNS 430W)or 16-watt 28 V dc (GNS 430AW) COM.

Takeoff TourThis Takeoff Tour is intended to provide a brief

introduction of the 400W-series major features. Therest of this manual describes these features, and others,in additional detail. Use this guide, as needed, to learnor review the details regarding a particular feature. TheIndex may be used to quickly locate the informationyou want. Before ying with your 400W-series unit, takethe time to review the information in the manuals andpractice with the trainer.

After you’re familiar with the basics, some suggestedreading within the Reference section includes:

• Flight plan features - Section 4• Waypoint information pages (database information)- Section 6• IFR procedures - Section 5• Unit settings (conguring the unit to your prefer-ences) - Section 9If you’re unable to locate the information you need,

we’re here to help! Garmin’s Customer Service staff isavailable during normal business hours (U.S. Centraltime zone) at the phone and fax numbers listed on pageii. You can also reach us by mail (see page ii) or at ourweb site address: www.garmin.com.

Model Descriptions

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TAKEOFF TOUR

f Thesmall left knob (COM/VLOC)(420W/430W only) is used to tune the kilo-hertz (kHz) value(to the right of the decimal

point)of the standby frequency for the com-munications transceiver (COM) or the VLOCreceiver, whichever is currently selected by thetuning cursor. Press this knob momentarilyto toggle the tuning cursor between the COMand VLOC frequency fields.

WTheCOM flip-flopkey (420W/430W only)is used to swap the active and standby COMfrequencies. Press and hold to select emer-gency channel (121.500 MHz).

V The VLOC flip-flopkey (430W only) isused to swap the active and standby VLOCfrequencies (i.e., make the selected standby

frequency active).

Key and Knob Functions

Key and Knob FunctionsThe 400W-series unit is designed to make operation

as simple as possible. The key and knob descriptions on

the next three pages provide a general overview of theprimary function(s) for each key and knob. This Takeoff Tour section is intended to provide a brief overview of the primary functions of your 400W-series unit. Experi-ment with the unit and refer to the Reference sectionsfor more information.

Left-hand Keys and Knobs

Left-hand Keys and Knobs

GPS 400W GNC 420W/AW GNS 430W/AW

k TheCOM power/volumeknob (420W/430Wonly) controls unit power and communicationsradio volume. Press momentarily to disableautomatic squelch control. In the GPS 400W,this control is used only for power.

j The VLOC volumeknob (430W only)controls audio volume for the selected VOR/ Localizer frequency. Press momentarily toenable/disable the ident tone.

hThelarge left knob (COM/VLOC)

(420W/430W only) is used to tune the mega-hertz (MHz) value (to the left of the decimalpoint) of the standby frequency for the com-munications transceiver (COM) or the VLOCreceiver, whichever is currently selected bythe tuning cursor.

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E Theenter key (ENT) is used to approve anoperation or complete data entry. It is alsoused to confirm information, such as during

power on.

d Thelarge right knob is used to selectbetween the various page groups: NAV, WPT, AUX or NRST. With the on-screen cursorenabled, the large right knob allows you tomove the cursor about the page.

a Thesmall right knob (CRSR) is used toselect between the various pages within oneof the groups listed above. Press this knobmomentarily to display the on-screen cursor.The cursor allows you to enter data and/ormake a selection from a list of options.


Right-hand Keys and Knobs

Right-hand Keys and KnobsR Therange key (RNG) allows you to select

the desired map scale. Use the up arrow sideof the key to zoom out to a larger area, orthe down arrow side to zoom in to a smallerarea.

D Thedirect-to key provides access to thedirect-to function, which allows you to entera destination waypoint and establishes adirect course to the selected destination. SeeSection 3.

m TheMENUkey displays a context-sensitivelist of options. This options list allows youto access additional features or make settingschanges which relate to the currently dis-played page.

c Theclear key (CLR ) is used to erase infor-mation or cancel an entry. Press and holdthis key to immediately display the Default

Navigation Page, regardless of which page iscurrently displayed.

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Bottom Row Keys Thenearest (NRST)key (400W/420Wonly) displays the nearest airports page.

Then, turning thesmall right knob stepsthrough the NRST pages.

TheCDIkey (430W only) is used to togglewhich navigation source (GPS or VLOC) pro-vides output to an external HSI or CDI.

TheOBSkey is used to select manual or

automatic sequencing of waypoints. PressingtheOBSkey selects OBS mode, which willretain the current “active to” waypoint asyour navigation reference even after pass-ing the waypoint (i.e., prevents sequencingto the next waypoint). Pressing theOBSkey again will return to normal operation,

with automatic sequencing of waypoints. Whenever OBS mode is selected, you may setthe desired course to/from a waypoint usingthe OBS Page, or an external OBS selector onyour HSI or CDI.

Themessagekey (MSG) is used to viewsystem messages and important warnings andrequirements. See Sections 11 and 9 for moreinformation on messages and unit settings.

Theflight plan key (FPL) allows you tocreate, edit, activate and invert flight plans,as well as access approaches, departures andarrivals. A closest point to flight plan featureis also available from the flight plan key. SeeSection 4 for more information on flightplans.

C

O

F

M

P

NGPS 400W / GNC 420W

GNS 430W

Theprocedures key (PROC) allows you toselect and remove approaches, departuresand arrivals from your flight plan. Whenusing a flight plan, available procedures foryour departure and/or arrival airport areoffered automatically. Otherwise, you may

select the desired airport, then the desiredprocedure.

Whenever the 400W-series unit is dis-playing a list of information that is toolong for the display screen, a scroll bar

will appear along the right-hand sideof the display. The scroll bar graphicallyindicates the number of additional itemsavailable within the selected category.

Simply press the small right knob toactivate the cursor and turn the largeright knob to scroll through the list.

} s c r o

l l b

a r

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Power On

Power OnThe Garmin 400W-series provides you accurate

navigational data and some models also have com-

munication capability, along with non-precision andprecision approach certication in the IFR environ-ment. The Takeoff Tour is designed to familiarize youwith the operation of the 400W-series — includingpowering up the unit, changing frequencies, enteringdata, performing a simple direct-to, selecting IFR pro-cedures and provides a limited introduction to using

ight plans. In addition, this section briey covers thedefault navigation, map and frequency pages availableas part of the NAV page group. These pages will beused for most of your in-ight navigation.

The Takeoff Tour assumes that the unit and anten-nas have been properly installed and you have notchanged any of the 400W-series unit default settings.If you have changed any of the factory default settings(position format, units of measure, selectable elds,etc.), the pictures shown here may not exactly matchwhat you see on your 400W-series unit. Prior to usingyour unit for the rst time, we recommend that youtaxi to a location that is well away from buildingsand other aircraft so the unit can collect satellite data

without interruption.

Powering up the 400W-Series Unit

The 420W and 430W power and COM volumeare controlled using thepower/volumeknob at thetop left corner of the unit. The 400Wpower knobis located at the top left corner of the unit. Turningit clockwise will turn unit power on and increasethe COM radio volume. After turning the unit on, awelcome pagewill be displayed while the unit performsa self test, followed by the database conrmation pageswhich show the current database information on theNavData card (with the valid operating dates, cyclenumber and database type indicated). The databaseis updated every 28 days, and must be current forapproved instrument approach operations. Informa-tion on database subscriptions is available inside your400W-series package.

To acknowledge the database information, pressENT.

Power-up Sequence

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Instrument Panel Self-Test

Instrument Panel Self-Test

Once the database has been acknowledged, theinstrument panel self-test page will appear. To ensurethat your 400W-series unit and any connected instru-ments are working properly, check for the followingindications on your CDI/HSI, RMI, external annuncia-tors and other connected instruments:

• Course deviation

• Glideslope• TO/FROM ag• Time to destination• Bearing to destination• Desired track• Distance to dest.• Ground speed

• All external annunciators (if installed)Theinstrument panel self-test pageindicates the cur-

rently selected OBS course, fuel capacity (CAP), fuelon board (FOB) and fuel ow (FF). The fuel capacity,fuel on board and fuel ow may be manually enteredif your installation does not include connection to sen-sors which automatically provide these gures.

To enter fuel capacity, fuel on board or fuel owgures (if not provided by sensors):

1. Turn thelarge right knob to select the “CAP”,“FOB” or “FF” eld.

2. Turn thesmall and large right knobs to enterthe desired figure, then pressENT.

Enter the fuel capacity, fuel on board or fuelow gures directly onto the appropriate

eld of the instrument panel self-test page.These gures will automatically be provided

if your installation includes connection toexternal sensors.

Fuel Figures: May beentered manually if no

sensor present

Select to displayChecklists Page

Check CDI/HSI,RMI and otherinstruments

to verify theseindications

Should match currentOBS course selection

Select to Set Fuel Levelto Full Capacity{

}

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Acquiring Satellites/Messages

If the 400W-series unit has not been operated for aperiod of six months or more, it may have to “Searchthe Sky” to collect new data. This means the unit isacquiring satellite data to establish almanac and satel-lite orbit information, which can take 5 to 10 minutes.The Satellite Status Page displays a “Searching Sky”status, and the message annunciator (MSG) above theMSGkey also ashes to alert you of a system message,“Searching the Sky”.

To view a system message, press the MSG key.

Message Page

Themessage pagewill appear and display the statusor warning information applicable to the receiver’s cur-rent operating condition.

To return to the previous page after viewing amessage, press the MSG key again.

The satellite status page shows the ID num-bers for the satellites and the relative signalstrength of each satellite received (as a “bar

graph” reading.

“Searching Sky” indicates that satellite almanacdata is not available. The data is recollected from therst available satellite.

“Acquiring” indicates that satellites have beenlocated and information is being acquired, but thereceiver does not have enough satellites for a 3-dimen-

sional position.“3D NAV” indicates that a 3-dimensional position

is available.“3D DIFF NAV” indicates when a 3-dimensional

position is available and differential corrections arebeing used.

The “INTEG” annunciator (bottom left corner of the screen) indicates that satellite coverage is insuf-cient to pass built-in integrity monitoring tests.

Acquiring Satellites / Messages

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Selecting COM and VLOC Frequencies

While the 400W-series unit is acquiring a position,let’s take a minute to dial in the active and standbyfrequencies you’ll be using for the rst phase of youright. The 400W-series display is divided into separate“windows” (or screen areas), including a COM window, VLOC window, and the GPS window.

COM Window: Active Frequency COM Window:

Standby Frequency

with tuning cursorVLOC Window:

Active Frequency

Pushing thesmall left knob activates the tuningcursor in the desired frequency window. To select theactive frequency, you must rst enter the frequencyin the standby eld, and use theCOM ip-op(or

VLOC ip-op)key to move it to the active eld.To change the standby communi cation (COM) or

VLOC frequency:1. If the tuning cursor is not currently in the

desired window (COM or VLOC), press thesmall left knob momentarily to switch thehighlight between the COM and VLOC win-dows. Adjusting the frequencies with thelarge and small left knobs will affect the standbyfrequency.

2. Turn thelarge left knob to select the desiredmegahertz (MHz) value. For example, the“135” portion of the frequency “135.325”.

3. Turn thesmall left knob to select the desiredkilohertz (kHz) value. For example, the “.325”

portion of the frequency“135.325”.4. To activate the selected frequency, press the

appropriateip-op key—COM for commu-nication frequencies or VLOC for VOR/Localizerfrequencies.

Once you’ve entered the active frequency, simplyrepeat steps 1 through 3, above, to enter the standbyfrequency. After both communication frequencies have

been entered, you may elect to keep the COM window‘hot’ by leaving the cursor on the standby frequency, ormove the cursor to the VLOC window by pressing thesmall left knob.

Once you’ve entered the active frequency, simplyrepeat steps 1 to 3, above, to enter the standby fre-quency. After both communication frequencies have

been entered, you may elect to keep the COM window“hot” by leaving the cursor on the standby frequency,or move the cursor to the VLOC window by pressingthesmall left knob.

NOTE: When selecting VLOC frequencies, the tuning cursor automatically returns to the COM window after 30 seconds of inactivity.

These features are only available in the 420W/430W units.

Selecting COM and VLOC Frequencies420W / 430W Only

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Page Groups

Page Groups

Default NAV

Map

NAVCOM

Position

Satellite Status

VNAV

NAV Group

Terrain

Selection of any main page is performed using thelarge andsmall right knobs. Thelarge right knob selects the page group: NAV, WPT, AUX orNRST. Thesmall right knob selects the desired page within a group. To quickly select the default NAV page, press and hold theCLR key.

( S m a l l r i g h t k n o b t o s e l e c t p a g e s w

i t h i n t h e g r o u

p )

a

WPT Group

Arpt Location

Arpt Runway

Arpt Frequency

Arpt Approach

Arpt Arrival

Intersection

NDB

VOR

Arpt Departure

User Waypoint

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Page Groups

Flight Planning

Utility

Setup 1

Setup 2

AUX Group

Nrst Airport

Nrst Intersection

Nrst NDB

Nearest VOR

Nrst User Waypnt

Nrst Center

Nrst Flight Service

Nrst Airspace

NRST Group

(Large right knob to change page groups)

( L a r g

e r i g h t k n o b t o s e l e c t p a g e s w i t

h t h e g r o u

p )

a

Flight plan pages are selected by pressing theFPL key and using thesmall right knob toselect the desired page.

FPL Group

Active Flight Plan Flight Plan Catalog

The Procedures pages are selected by pressing thePROC key and using thesmall or large right knobsto select a procedure.

PROC Group

Procedure

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N P g

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Nav Pages

The map page is one of seven, or more, pages avail-able under the NAV group*:

• Default NAV page • Map page• Terrain page • NAVCOM page

• Position page • Satellite status page

• Vertical navigation pageTo select the desired NAV page, turn the smallright knob until the desired page is displayed.

If you are currently viewing a page that is not partof the NAV group, you can quickly return to the NAVgroup using theCLR key.

To select the NAV group and display the defaultNAV page, press and hold CLR.

NAV

7+ available pages*(see list above)

WPT

10 available pages(see Section 6)

AUX


NRST


MAIN PAGE GROUPS

In addition to the NAV group of pages, additional

groups of pages are available for waypoint information(WPT), auxiliary (AUX) functions such as ight plan-ning or unit settings, and listings for nearest (NRST)airports or other facilities.

To select the desired page group, turn the largeright knob until a page from the desired group isdisplayed.

To select the desired page within the group, turnthe small right knob until the desired page isdisplayed.

The bottom right corner of the screenindicates the page group currently beingdisplayed (e.g., NAV or NRST), the number

of screens available within that group(indicated by square icons) and the place-

ment of the current screen within that group(indicated by a highlighted square icon). To

select a different page within the group, turnthe small right knob.

* Seven, or more, NAV Pages are avail-able when the 400W-series installationincludes connection to trafc, XM radio,

and/or weather information sources. See the400W/500W Series Display Interfaces Pilot’s

Guide Addendum, part number190-00356-31 and the 400W/500W SeriesGarmin Optional Displays Pilot’s Guide Ad-

dendum, part number 190-00356-30.

Nav Pages

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Default Nav Page

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Default Nav Page

Default Nav Page

During most ights, thedefault NAV , mapandNAVCOM pageswill be the primary pages used for

navigation. Thedefault NAV pagedisplays a graphiccourse deviation indicator (CDI), the active leg of your ight plan (as dened by the current “from” and“to” waypoints), and six user-selectable data elds.The default settings for these elds are distance towaypoint (DIS), desired track (DTK), bearing towaypoint (BRG), ground speed (GS), ground track

(TRK) and estimated time en route (ETE). See Sec-tion 11 for denitions of these navigation terms. Thedefault NAV pageis selected by pressing and holdingtheCLR key or turning thesmall right knob.

Active Leg of Flight Plan

User-selectable

Data Fields

Default NAV Page

To change the data elds in the corners of theDefault NAV Page:

1. PressMENU(with the Map Page displayed).

2. Turn the large right knob to highlight“Change Fields?” and pressENT.3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

data eld you wish to change.

4. Turn thesmall right knob to select the typeof data you want to appear on this eld andpressENT.

5. Press the small right knob to remove thecursor.

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Map Page

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Map PageThemap pagedisplays your present position (using

an airplane symbol) relative to nearby airports, VORs,

NDBs, intersections, user waypoints and airspaceboundaries—and your route displayed as a solid line.Data elds for destination waypoint (WPT), distanceto waypoint (DIS), desired track (DTK) and groundspeed (GS) appear on the right hand side of thedisplay. These elds are user-selectable to allow you tocongure the unit to your own preferences. Available

settings include: altitude, bearing, en route safe alti-tude, estimated time of arrival, minimum safe altitude,and ground track. See Section 11 for denitions of these navigation terms.

Map Page

DataFields

PresentPosition

Map Display

MapScale with

decluttervalue

Desired Track

The map page combines a moving mapdisplay and navigation data for completesituational awareness. Map setup pagesare provided to designate the maximumscale at which each map feature will ap-pear. These settings provide an automaticdecluttering of the map (based upon your

preferences) as you adjust the scale.

While viewing the map page, you canquickly declutter and remove many of

the background map details by pressingthe CLR key (repeatedly) until the desired

detail is depicted.To change the map scale, press theor

sides of the RNG key.

Map Page

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NAVCOM Page

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NavCom PageFrom thedefault NAV page, simply turn thesmall

right knob to display themap pageand again to dis-

play theNAVCOM page. TheNAVCOM pagedisplaysthe available frequencies (communications and naviga-tion) for the departure airport, any en route airportsthat are included in your ight plan, and the naldestination airport. When using the direct-to function,frequencies will be listed for the airport nearest to yourstarting position and the destination airport.

A frequency listed on theNAVCOM pagecan bequickly transferred to the standby eld of the COMor VLOC windows. This time-saving process preventshaving to “re-key” a frequency already displayed else-where on the screen.

To display the frequency list for the active ightplan or direct-to airport:

1. In the Nav function, turn thesmall right knobto reach the NAVCOM page.2. Push the small right knob to activate the

cursor on the airport identier eld (in theGPS window). Turn thesmall right knob todisplay the list of airports (departure, arrivaland en route) for your ight plan or direct-to.

Continue to turn thesmall right knob untilthe desired airport is selected.3. PressENTto display the frequency list for the

selected airport.

Press ENT to show the frequencies for theselected airport.

To select a communication or navigation fre-quency:

1. On the NAVCOM page, push thesmall right

knob to activate the cursor in the GPS win-dow.2. Turn thelarge right knob to select the desired

frequency from the list.

Selecting a frequency on the NAVCOM page.

3. PressENTto transfer the selected frequency tothe standby eld in the COM or VLOC window.COM frequencies will automatically go to thestandby eld of the COM window and navigationfrequencies will automatically go to the standbyeld of the VLOC window, regardless of whichwindow is currently highlighted by the cursor.

4. To activate the selected frequency, press theCOM ip-op (orVLOC ip-op) key.

Swap the standby COM frequency into theactive Com frequency location.

NAVCOM Page

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IFR Procedures

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IFR Procedures

Once the direct-to or ight plan is conrmed, thewhole range of instrument procedures is available to

you. Departures (SIDs), arrivals (STARs), non-preci-sion and precision approaches are stored within theNavData card and available using thePROC(proce-dures) key.

To display the procedures page, press PROC.

The steps required to select and activate anapproach, departure or arrival are identical. In thisintroductory section, we’ll show examples of the stepsrequired to select an approach, but keep in mind thesame process also applies to departures and arrivals.

To select an approach, departure, or arrival:

1. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desiredoption (“Select Approach?”, “Select Arrival?”or “Select Departure?”) from the procedurespage.

Press the PROC key to display the procedurespage. Turn the large right knob to select the

desired option.

2. PressENTto display a list of available proce-dures for the arrival (when using approachesor STARs) or departure (when using SIDs)

airport.3. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desired

procedure and pressENT.

4. For approaches, a window appears to select thedesired initial approach x (IAF) or provide a“vectors” option to select just the nal coursesegment of the approach. Turn thesmall rightknob to select the desired option and pressENT. Vectors guidance is relative to the nalinbound course. A line is drawn beyond thenal approach x, allowing you to interceptthe nal course segment beyond its normallimits.

A window will appear to select the desiredprocedure. Use the large right knob to make

your selection.

5. For departures and arrivals, a window appearsto select the desired transition. Turn thesmallright knob to select the desired option andpressENT.

6. With “Load?” highlighted, pressENTto add

the procedure to the ight plan or direct-to.In your ight plan or direct-to, the departure

or arrival airport is replaced with the sequence of waypoints contained within the selected procedure.

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Nearest Pages

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Nearest (NRST) Pages

The NRST main page groups provides listings fornearest airports or other facilities. The NRST group

provides detailed information on the 25 nearestairports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and user-createdwaypoints within 200 NM of your current position.In addition, pages are also provided to display the venearest center (ARTCC/FIR) and Flight Service Station(FSS) points of communication, plus alert you to anyspecial-use or controlled airspace you may be in or

near.Thenearest airport pageis one of eight pages avail-

able under the NRST group:• Nearest airport page

• Nearest intersection page• Nearest NDB page

• Nearest VOR page• Nearest user waypoints page• Nearest ARTCC page

• Nearest FSS page• Nearest airspace page

To display the NRST pages:

1. If necessary, press thesmall right knob toremove the cursor from the page.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to select the NRSTpage group, as indicated by “NRST” appearingin the lower right corner of the screen.

To display a list of nearby airports, turn thelarge right knob to select the NRST page

group and (if needed) the small right knob toselect the nearest airport page.

3. Press and then turn thelarge right knob toselect the desired NRST page.

To scroll through the list, press the small rightknob, then turn the large right knob.

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Nearest Airport

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Nearest Airport

You may examine both the communicationfrequencies and runway information directly from

the nearest airport page. As discussed earlier for theNAVCOM page, you may also place any displayedfrequency into the standby COM or VLOC eld byhighlighting the frequency with the cursor and press-ingENT.

To view additional information for a nearby air-port from the Nearest Airport page:

1. Press thesmall right knob to activate thecursor.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to select the desiredairport from the list.

3. PressENTto display waypoint (WPT) informa-tion pages for the selected airport.

Additional information for a nearby airportis available by highlighting an identier on

the list and pressing ENT.

4. To display runway and frequency informa-tion, press thesmall right knob to removethe cursor and turn thesmall right knob todisplay the desired information page.

Thenearest airport pagemay be used in conjunc-tion with thedirect-to key to quickly set a course toa nearby facility in an in-ight emergency. Selecting a

nearby airport as a direct-to destination will overrideyour ight plan or cancel a previously selected direct-to destination. You’ll still have the option of returningto your ight plan by cancelling the direct-to.

To select a nearby airport as a direct-to destina-tion:

From the nearest airport page...

1. Press the small right knob to activate thecursor.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to select the desiredairport from the list.

3. Press direct-to , ENT, and ENT (again) tonavigate to the nearby airport.

To select a nearby airport as a new destina-tion, highlight its identier, press direct-to,

ENT, and ENT(again).

From an airport information page...1. Press direct-to , ENT, and ENT (again) to

navigate to the nearby airport.

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Nearest Airspace

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Nearest Airspace Page

The last page in the NRST group, thenearestairspace page, provides information for up to nine

controlled or special-use airspaces near or in youright path. Airspace information appears on this pagebased upon the same criteria used for airspace alertmessages. Nearby airspace information and airspacealert messages are provided according to the followingconditions:

• If your projected course will take you inside anairspace within the next ten minutes, the mes-sage “Airspace ahead -- less than 10 minutes” willappear.

• If you are within two nautical miles of an airspaceand your current course will take you inside, themessage “Airspace near and ahead” will appear.

• If you are within two nautical miles of an airspaceand your current course will not take you inside,the message “Near airspace less than 2NM” willappear.

• If you have entered an airspace, the message“Inside Airspace” will appear.

By default, airspace alert messages are turned off. When turned on, the message (MSG) annunciatorlocated directly above theMSGkey will ash to alertyou to the airspace message. (SeeSection 9 Aux Pages- Setup 1for information on enabling airspace alertmessages.)

To view an airspace alert message:1. Press theMSGkey. The message page appears

with the alert message.

When an airspace alert occurs, the message(MSG) annunciator will ash. Press MSG to

view the alert message.

2. Press MSG again to return to the previousdisplay.

To view nearest airspace information:1. Turn thelarge right knob to reach the NRST

function.

To view additional information about the

airspace, select the nearest airspace page.Detailed information is available by high-lighting the airspace name and pressing ENT.

2. Turn thesmall right knob to reach theNearest Airspace page.

Note that the airspace alerts are based upon three-dimensional data (latitude, longitude and altitude) toavoid nuisance alerts. The alert boundaries for con-trolled airspace are also sectorized to provide completeinformation on any nearby airspace. Additional infor-mation about a nearby airspace—such as controllingagency, frequency and oor/ceiling limits—is availablefrom thenearest airspace page.

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Flight Plans

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6. Repeat steps 4 and 5, above, until all waypointsfor the ight plan have been entered. Once theight plan is created, it may be activated froman options window. Activating the ight planwill place a copy into “ight plan 00” (theoriginal ight plan still resides in the ightplan catalog). It replaces any ight plan whichcurrently exists in “ight plan 00.”

To activate the new ight plan:

1. On the Flight Plan Catalog page, press thesmall right knob to activate the cursor. Rotatethe large right knob to highlight the desiredight plan.

2. Press theMENUkey to display the ight plancatalog options.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to select “ActivateFlight Plan?” and pressENT.

Select “Activate Flight Plan?” from the page

menu to begin using the new ight plan.

1 - COM

Radio Volume / Auto Squelch420W / 430W Only

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Section 1Communicating Using the

GNC 420W/AW and GNS 430W/AW

Some models of the 400W-series feature a digitally-tuned VHF COM radio that provides a seamless transi-tion from communication to navigation. The GNC420W and GNS 430W’s COM radio operates in theaviation voice band, from 118.000 to 136.975 MHz,in 25 kHz steps (default). For European operations, a

COM radio conguration of 8.33 kHz steps is pro-vided (Section 9 - Aux - Setup 2). The GNC 420AWand GNS 430AW use a 16-watt transmitter, instead of the standard 10-watt transmitter.

“TX” appears at the upper right corner ofthe screen while transmitting.

VolumeCOM radio volume is adjusted using theCOM

power/volumeknob. Turn theCOM power/volumeknob clockwise to increase volume, or counterclock-wise to decrease volume.

Squelch

The COM radio features an automatic squelch toreject many localized noise sources. You may override

the squelch function by pressing theCOM power/ volumeknob. This facilitates listening to a distant sta-tion or setting the desired volume level.

Press the COM power/volume knob momen-tarily to override the automatic squelch.Note the “RX” receive indication when

receiving a station.

To override the automatic squelch, press the COM

power/volume knob momentarily. Press the COMpower/volume knob again to return to automaticsquelch operation.

1 - COM

Com Window and Tuning 420W / 430W Only

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COM Window and Tuning

Communication frequencies are selected with thetuning cursor in thestandbyCOM frequency eld,

and using thesmall andlarge left knobs to dial inthe desired frequency. The standby frequency alwaysappears below theactivefrequency. The active fre-quency is the frequency currently in use for transmitand receive operations.

Tuning cursor in the COM window. Use thesmall and large left knobs to dial in the

desired standby frequency.

A frequency may also be quickly selected from thedatabase by simply highlighting the desired frequencyon any of the main pages and pressing theENTkey.This process is referred to asauto-tuning. Once afrequency is selected in the standby eld, it may betransferred to the active frequency by pressing theCOM ip-opkey.

Once the standby frequency is selected, usethe COM ip-op key to make the frequencyactive for transmit and receive operations.

While receiving a station, an “RX” indicationappears in the upper right corner of the COM window— to the immediate right of “COM”. A “TX” indicationappears at this location while you are transmitting.

NOTE: The tuning cursor will normally appear in the COM window, unless placed in the VLOC window by pressing the small left knob . When the tuning cursor is in the VLOC window, it will automatically return to the COM window after 30 seconds of inactivity. This does not apply to the GNS 420W.

The active frequency in either window cannot beaccessed directly—only the standby frequency will behighlighted by the tuning cursor.

To select a COM frequency:

1. If the tuning cursor is not currently in the COMwindow, press thesmall left knob momen-

tarily.2. Turn thelarge left knob to select the desired

megahertz (MHz) value. For example, the“118” portion of the frequency “118.300”.

3. Turn thesmall left knob to select the desiredkilohertz (kHz) value. For example, the “.300”portion of the frequency “118.300”.

To make the standby frequency the active fre-quency, press the COM ip-op key.

The tuning cursor will remain in theCOM window.The GNS 430W/AW unit has a built-in VOR/Localizer/ Glideslope capability. If you wish to select a VOR/ localizer/ILS frequency, press thesmall leftknobmomentarily to place the cursor in theVLOC window. Additional instructions for VOR/localizer/ILS opera-tions are available in Sections 5 and 8.

1 - COM

420W / 430W Only Auto-Tuning from Nearest Airport Page

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Cursor in VLOC window allows for VOR andILS operations. See Section 8.

Auto-Tuning

The 400W-series auto-tune feature allows youto quickly select any database frequency in the GPSwindow as your standby frequency. Any COM fre-quency displayed in the GPS window can be trans-ferred to the standby COM frequency eld, with aminimum of keystrokes required. The following aresome examples of selecting COM frequencies fromsome of the main GPS pages.

To select a COM frequency for a nearby airport:

1. Select the nearest airport page from the NRSTpage group. Press and hold theCLRkey, thenturn the large right knob until the nearestpages appears. Finally, if necessary, turn the

small right knob to display the nearest airportpage.2. Press thesmall right knob momentarily to

place the cursor on the airport identier eldof the rst airport in the list. Turn thelargeright knob to highlight the desired airportfrequency.

3. PressENTto place the frequency in the standbyeld of the COM window.

Nearest airport page with the Towerfrequency (TWR) for the closest airport

highlighted.

4. Press the Com ip/op key to swap thestandby and active frequencies.

From the nearest airport page, select thedesired airport to show a more detailed list-

ing of frequencies for that airport.

5. Before leaving the frequency page, use thelarge right knob to highlight “Done?” and

press ENT. “Done?” always needs to beacknowledged before leaving a page group.

1 - COM

420W / 430W OnlyAuto-Tuning from Flight Plan/Database

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To select a COM frequency for a nearby ight ser-vice station (FSS) or center (ARTCC):

1. Select the nearest center or ight service pagefrom the NRST page group. Turn thelargeright knob until the NRST pages appear. Then,if necessary, turn thesmall right knob todisplay the desired NRST page.

Use the nearest ARTCC page to quickly re-trieve the frequency(s) for the nearest center

(ARTCC) facility.

2. Press thesmall right knob momentarily toplace the cursor on the page.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight theFSS/ARTCC frequency and pressENTto placethe frequency in the standby eld of the COMwindow.

To select a COM frequency for any airport in youright plan:1. Select the NAVCOM page from the NAV page

group. (Press and hold theCLRkey, then turnthe small right knob until the NAVCOM pageappears.)

The NAVCOM page provides a frequency listfor all the airports (departure, en route and

arrival) along your active ight plan.

2. Press thesmall right knob to place the cursoron the airport identier eld. To the left of thiseld appears Departure, En Route or Arrival— depending on the placement of the dis-played airport within your ight plan.

3. Turn the small right knob to display awindow listing the airports in your ight plan.Continue turning thesmall right knob toselect the desired airport.

4. PressENTto return to the NAVCOM page withthe frequencies for the selected airport.

5. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight thedesired frequency.

6. PressENTto place the highlighted frequencyin the standby COM window eld.

To select a COM frequency for any airport in thedatabase:

1. Select the airport frequencies page from theWPT page group. (Turn thelarge right knobto select the WPT page group. Then turn thesmall right knob until the airport frequenciespage appears.)

Use the airport frequencies page to retrievea frequency list for ANY airport in the

Jeppesen NavData database.

2. Press thesmall right knob to place the cursoron the airport identier eld.

3. Use thesmall and large right knobs to enterthe identier of the desired airport. PressENT

1 - COM

420W / 430W Only Emergency Channel

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when nished.4. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

desired frequency.

5. PressENTto place the highlighted frequencyin the standby COM window eld.

Emergency Channel

The 420W/430W emergency channel select pro-vides a quick method of selecting 121.500 MHz as theactive frequency in the event of an in-ight emergency.

The emergency channel select is available wheneverthe unit is on, regardless of GPS or cursor status, orloss of the display.

To quickly tune and activate 121.500, press andhold the COM ip-op key for approximately twoseconds.

Press and hold the COM ip-op key fortwo seconds to activate the 121.500 MHz

emergency frequency.

Note: Under some circumstances if the com system loses communication with the main system,the radio will automatically tune to 121.500 MHz for transmit and receive regardless of the displayed frequency.

Stuck Microphone

Whenever the 420W/430W is transmitting, a ‘TX’indication will appear in the COM window. If the

microphone is stuck or accidentally left in the keyedposition, or continues to transmit after the key isreleased, the COM transmitter will automatically timeout (or cease transmitting) after 35 seconds of continu-ous broadcasting. You’ll also receive a “COM push-to-talk key stuck” message as long as the stuck conditionexists.

A “COM push-to-talk key stuck” message

appears to warn you of a stuck microphone.Transmitting is disabled after 35 seconds of

continuous broadcasting.

1 - COM

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Blank Page

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2 - NAV PAGES

Default NAV Page The graphic CDI shows your position at the center

Default Nav Page

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Default NAV Page

The rst NAV page is thedefault NAV page. Thispage may be quickly selected from ANY page by using

theCLR key.To select the NAV group and display the default NAVpage, press and hold the CLR key.

Thedefault NAV pagedisplays a graphic coursedeviation indicator (CDI) across the top of the page.Unlike the angular limits on a CDI coupled to a VORor ILS receiver, full scale limits for this CDI are dened

by a GPS-derived distance (2.0, 1.0 or 0.3 NM). Bydefault, the CDI scale automatically adjusts to thedesired limits based upon the current phase of ight:en route, terminal area or approach.

Active Leg of Flight Plan

User-selectable

Data Fields

Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)

Page location in NAV group or advisory

NOTE: Approaching the FAF, the GNS 400W-seriesunit automatically rescales in an angular fashion.This allows the LPV approach to be own identicallyto a standard ILS. At 2.0 NM from the FAF, CDI scal-ing is tightened from 1.0 to the angular full scaledeection dened for the approach.

You may also manually select the desired scale set-ting as outlined in the Aux Setup section.

The graphic CDI shows your position at the centerof the indicator, relative to the desired course (themoving course deviation needle). As with a traditionalmechanical CDI, when you’re off course simply steertoward the needle. The TO/FROM arrow in the centerof the scale indicates whether you are heading to thewaypoint (an up arrow) or if you have passed thewaypoint (a down arrow).

The following symbols are used—on the defaultNAV page directly below the CDI—to depict the

“active leg” of a ight plan or direct-to:

Direct-To a Waypoint

Course to a Waypoint, or DesiredCourse between Two Waypoints

Right Procedure Turn

Left Procedure Turn

Vectors-To-Final

DME Arc to the left

DME Arc to the right

Left-hand Holding Pattern

Right-hand Holding Pattern

Directly below the CDI appears the active leg of your ight plan, or the direct-to destination whenusing thedirect-to key. This will automaticallysequence to the next leg of your ight plan as youreach each interim waypoint. If no ight plan ordirect-to destination has been selected, the destinationeld will remain blank.

2 - NAV PAGES

Default Nav Page

Selecting Desired On-Screen Data To select a different data item for any data eld:

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Selecting Desired On-Screen Data At the bottom of thedefault NAV pageyou’ll nd

six user-denable elds which display the data you’llneed as your ight progresses. By default these eldsdisplay: distance to destination (DIS), desired track(DTK), bearing to destination (BRG), ground speed(GS), ground track (TRK) and estimated time en route(ETE). However, each of these elds can be custom-tailored to your preferences by selecting a differentdata item. Available data items include:

• Bearing to destination (BRG)• Distance to destination (DIS)

• Desired track (DTK)• En route safe altitude (ESA)

• Estimated time of arrival (ETA)• Estimate time en route (ETE)

• Fuel Flow (FLOW)(When Congured)

• Ground speed (GS)• Minimum safe altitude (MSA)

• Track angle error (TKE)• Ground track (TRK)

• Vertical speed required (VSR)• Cross track error (XTK)

If no ight plan or direct-to destination has beenselected only speed, track, altitude and minimumsafe altitude data may be displayed. All other datatypes will appear as blank lines—on thedefault NAV

page—until a destination is selected.

To select a different data item for any data eld:1. Starting with the default NAV page, press the

MENUkey to display an options menu.2. The “Change Fields?” option is already high-

lighted, so pressENTto select this option.

3. Use thelarge right knob to highlight the dataeld you wish to change.

4. Turn thesmall right knob to display the listof available data items. Continue turning thesmall right knob to select the desired dataitem from the list.

5. PressENTto select the desired data item andreturn to the default NAV page.

6. Press thesmall right knob momentarily toremove the cursor from the page.

2 - NAV PAGES

Restoring Factory Settings Map Page

Map Page

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Restoring Factory Settings

You can also quickly return all data eld settings totheir original factory settings.

To restore all six data elds to factory defaultsettings:1. Starting with the default NAV page, press the

MENUkey to display an options menu.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

“Restore Defaults?” option and pressENT.

Dual Unit Considerations A “Crossll?” option is provided from the Default

NAV Page. This option allows you to transfer a direct-to destination, the active ight plan, any stored ightplan or user waypoints to a second 400W or 500W-series Garmin unit.

Some crossll operations can be done automati-cally. If the crossll method in both 400W (or 500W)-series units is set to “auto”, a change in the direct-todestination or active ight plan on one unit can also beseen on the other. See Section 4 - Flight Plans - FlightPlan Catalog Options for additional details on usingthe “Crossll?” option.

NOTE: The databases of the 400/500 series and the 400W/500W are incompatible so you may not mix systems.

Map Page

The second NAV page is the map page, which dis-plays your present position using an airplane symbol,

along with nearby airports, navaids, user-definedwaypoints, airspace boundaries, lakes, rivers, high-ways and cities.

NOTE: The electronic chart is an aid to navigation and is designed to facilitate the use of authorized government charts, not replace them. Land and water data is provided only as a general reference to your surroundings. The positional accuracy

of the land and water data is not of a precision suitable for use in navigation and it should not be used for navigation. Only ofcial government charts and notices contain all information needed for safe navigation – and, as always, the user is responsible for their prudent use.

DataFields

PresentPosition

Page location

in NAV group

NOTE: If the 400W -series unit is unable to determine a GPS position, the present position (airplane) symbol will appear on the Map Page in yellow. No symbol will be present when there is no active ight plan.

2 - NAV PAGES

Map Page

Map Symbols Map Range

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p y

Various symbols are used to distinguish betweenwaypoint types. The identiers for any on-screen

waypoints can also be displayed. (By default the iden-tiers are enabled). Special-use and controlled airspaceboundaries appear on the map, showing the individualsectors in the case of Class B or Class C airspace.The following symbols are used to depict the variousairports and navaids on themap page:

Airport with hard surface runway(s); Primary runway shownAirport with soft surface runway(s) only

Private Aireld Intersection

VOR VORTAC

VOR/DME TACAN

DME NDB

Localizer Locator Outer Marker

Heliport

p g

The map display can be set to 23 different scalesettings from 500 feet to 2000 nautical miles (statute

and metric units are also available). The scale is indi-cated in the lower left-hand corner of the map display,and represents the top-to-bottom distance covered bythe map display.

To select a map Range:

1. Press theup arrow side of theRNGkey tozoom out to a larger map area.

2. Press thedown arrow side of theRNGkeyto zoom in to a smaller map area and moredetail.

2 - NAV PAGES

Map Page Auto Zoom To quickly declutter the map display, press the CLR key

Map Page

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p g

An autozoom feature is available which will auto-matically adjust from an en route range of 200 NM

through each lower range, stopping at a range of 1.0 NM as you approach your destination waypoint.The autozoom feature is turned on/off from the mapsetup page.

Themap pagealso displays a background mapshowing lakes, rivers, coastlines, highways, railwaysand towns. When a map scale is selected below the

lower limit at which the map detail was originally cre-ated, an “overzoom” indication will appear on the mapdisplay, below the scale reading. “Overzoom” indicatesthat the detail at this scale may not accurately repre-sent actual conditions. If you continue to zoom in tolower scale settings, “overzoom” will be replaced with“no map” and the geographic detail is removed fromthe map display (but, the airport and navaid detail willremain).

The “Setup Map?” option allows you to dene themaximum scale at which each map feature will appear.This provides you with complete control to minimizescreen clutter. You can also quickly remove items fromthe map using theCLR key.

momentarily (as often as needed) to select the desiredamount of map detail.

The right-hand side of the map page includes fouruser-selectable data elds. By default, the displayeddata is: destination waypoint name (WPT), desiredtrack (DTK), distance to destination waypoint (DIS)and ground speed (GS). Any of these data elds maybe changed to display a different data type. You mayalso remove the four data elds from the map to showa larger map image.

The CLR key allows you to quickly declutter

the map display, providing four levels ofmap detail. Note the “-1” and “-2” (“-3” isalso provided) sufx designations above,indicating each successive declutter level.

2 - NAV PAGES

Map Page

Map Panning When the target pointer is placed on an object,

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Panning allows you to move the map beyond itscurrent limits without adjusting the map range. Whenyou select the panning function — by pressing thesmall right knob — a target pointer will ash on themap display. A window will also appear at the top of the map display showing the latitude/longitude posi-tion of the pointer, plus the bearing and distance tothe pointer from your present position.

To select the panning function and pan the mapdisplay:

1. Press thesmall right knob to activate thepanning target pointer.

2. Turn thesmall right knob to move up (turnclockwise) or down (counterclockwise).

3. Turn thelarge right knob to move right (turnclockwise) or left (counterclockwise).

4. To cancel the panning function and return to

your present position, press thesmall rightknob.

the name of that object will be highlighted (even if the name wasn’t originally displayed on the map).This feature applies to airports, navaids, user-createdwaypoints, roads, lakes, rivers — almost everythingdisplayed on the map except route lines.

When an airport, navaid, or user waypoint isselected on the map display, you can review informa-tion about the waypoint or designate the waypoint asyour direct-to destination.

To review information for an on-screen airport,navaid or user waypoint:

1. Use the panning function (as described above)to place the target pointer on a waypoint.

2. PressENTto display the waypoint informationpage(s) for the selected waypoint.

3. PressCLRto exit the information page(s).

2 - NAV PAGES

Map Direct-To

Map Page

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To designate an on-screen airport, navaid or userwaypoint as your direct-to destination:

1. Use the panning function (see previous page)to place the target pointer on a waypoint.

2. Pressdirect-to key to display the select direct-to waypoint page, with the selected waypointalready listed.

3. PressENTtwice to conrm the selection andbegin navigating to the waypoint.

The direct-to function can be used anywhere onthe map. If nothing currently exists at the crosshairposition, a new waypoint (called “+MAP”) will be cre-ated at the target pointer location before the direct-tois initiated.

Airspace Information on the Map

When a special-use or controlled airspace bound-

ary appears on the map display, you can quicklyretrieve information — such as oor/ceiling limits andcontrolling agency — directly from the map.

To view airspace information for an on-screenspecial-use or controlled airspace:

1. Use the panning function (see previous page)to place the target pointer on an open area

within the boundaries of an airspace. If thearea is congested and it is difcult to select anopen area, you may need to zoom in or pressCLRto make the selection easier.

2. PressENTto display an options menu.3. “Review Airspace?” should already be high-

lighted, if not select it with thesmall rightknob. PressENTto display the airspace infor-

mation page for the selected airspace.

To display airspace frequencies:1. While viewing the airspace information display

in the above example, turn thelarge rightknob to highlight “Frequencies?” and pressENT. Press CLRto return to the airspaceinformation page.

2. Press CLRto exit the airspace information

page. Press thesmall right knob (CRSR)toexit panning.

2 - NAV PAGES

Map Page Options

Map Page Options Feature Description

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Many of the 400W-series functions are menudriven. Each of the main pages has an options menu,

allowing you to custom tailor the corresponding pageto your preferences and/or select special featureswhich specically relate to that page. Amap pageoptions menuprovides additional settings to customizethemap pageand additional features related speci-cally to themap page.

To display the map page options menu, pressMENU (with the map page displayed).

The following options are available: “Setup Map?”,“Measure Dist?”, “Data Fields Off?”, “Change Fields?”and “Restore Defaults?”.

Map Setup

“Setup Map?” allows you to congure the map displayto your preferences, including map orientation, land dataenable/disable, Jeppesen data enable/disable, automaticzoom, airspace boundaries, and text size. The followingtable lists the group names and available settings:

Feature DescriptionMap Orientation, AutoZoom, Land Data, Avia-

tion Data

Weather Lightning Mode/Symbol (when applicable)Trafc Trafc Mode/Symbol/Label (when appli-

cable)Airport Large/Medium/Small Airports and TextNAVAID VORs, NDBs, Intersections and TextWaypoint User Waypoints, Flight Plan Wpts, and Text

Line Active Flight Plan/Direct-To, Lat/Long GridControl Controlled Airspace: Class B, C, D (tower

zone)

pAirspace Special-Use Airspace: Restricted, MOA,

Other

City Large/Medium/Small Cities and TextRoad Freeway, National Highway, Local Hwy,

Local RoadOther States/Prov, Rivers/Lakes, Railroads, Wind

Vector

Large, Medium and Small classications areused on the 400W-series for airports and

cities. Large airports are those with a runwaylonger than 8100 feet. Medium airportsinclude those with a runway longer than

5000 feet or with a control tower. Large cit-ies are those with approximate populationsgreater than 200,000 and Medium cities are

greater than 50,000.

2 - NAV PAGES

To change a map setup feature:1 On the Map page pressMENUto bring up the

4. To enable/disable automatic zoom, turn thell ight k b t l t “M ” d

Map Page Options

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1. On the Map page, pressMENUto bring up thePage Menu. Then, turn thelarge right knobto highlight “Setup Map?” and pressENT.

2. To change map orientation, turn thesmallright knob to select “Map” and pressENT.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the“Orientation” eld and turn thesmall rightknob to select the desired option. Select “Northup” to x the top of the map display to a northheading. Select “Track up” to adjust the topof the map display to your current track head-ing.

Select “DTK up” to x the top of the map displayto your desired course. PressENTto accept theselected option.

small right knob to select “Map” and pressENT. Turn thelarge right knob to highlightthe “Auto Zoom” eld and turn thesmallright knob to select “On” or “Off”. PressENT to accept the selected option. The automaticzoom feature will automatically adjust themap scale from 2000 NM through each lowerscale, stopping at 1.0 NM as you approachyour destination waypoint.

5. To enable/disable background land data, or all

Jeppesen aviation data, turn thesmall rightknob to select “Map” and pressENT. Use thelarge right knob to highlight the appropri-ate eld and turn thesmall right knob toselect “On” or “Off”. PressENTto accept theselected option.

6. For airports, NAVAIDs, active flight plan

waypoints, user-created waypoints, state/pro-vincial boundaries, rivers/lakes and cities: turnthesmall right knob to select the appropriate“Group” name (per the chart on the previouspage) and pressENT. Use the large rightknob to highlight the zoom eld for the desiredfeature and turn thesmall right knob to

select the maximum scale at which the featureshould appear on screen. Or select “Off” tonever display the selected feature. PressENT to accept the selected option. Next, turn thelarge right knob to highlight the text eld forthe desired feature and turn thesmall rightknob to select the desired text size, or select“None” to disable text descriptions. PressENT to accept the selected option.

2 - NAV PAGES

Map Page Options

7. For airspace boundaries, highways, roads,railroad lines wind vector track log data

the top of the map display.

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railroad lines, wind vector, track log data,active ight plan course lines, and lat/longgrid lines: turn thesmall right knob to selectthe appropriate “Group” name (per the charton the previous page) and pressENT. Use thelarge right knob to highlight the zoom eldfor the desired feature and turn thesmallright knob to select the maximum scale atwhich the feature should appear on screen. Orselect “Off” to never display the selected fea-

ture. PressENTto accept the selected option.Distance Measurements

The “Measure Dist?” option provides a quick, easymethod for determining the bearing and distancebetween any two points on the map display.

To measure bearing and distance between twopoints:

1. On the Nav Map page, pressMENU. Then,turn thelarge right knob to highlight “Mea-sure Dist?” and pressENT. An on-screen refer-ence pointer will appear on the map display atyour present position.

2. Use thesmall and large right knobs to placethe reference pointer at the location you wishto measure FROM and pressENT.

3. Again, use thesmall andlarge right knobs toplace the reference pointer at the location youwish to measure TO. The bearing and distancefrom the rst reference location will appear at

4. To exit the “Measure Dist?” option, press thesmall right knob.

2 - NAV PAGES

Data Fields on the Map

h ld ff d f ll

To change a data eld:

1 PressMENUon the Map page and then t rn

Map Page Options

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The “Data Fields Off?” option provides a full-screenmap display (shown bottom right), without the fourdata elds along the right-hand side of the screen.Select this option when you wish to display a largermap area. If this option has been selected and thedata elds are off, “Data Fields On?” will appear as anoption instead.

To turn the data elds on or off, press MENU andturn the large right knob to highlight “Data FieldsOff?” (or “Data Fields On?”), then press ENT.

Selecting Desired On-Screen Data “Change Fields?” allows you to choose the data

displayed on the four user-selectable data elds alongthe right-hand side of themap page. There are twelveavailable data types, including bearing to destina-tion, distance to destination, estimated time of arrival,ground speed, minimum safe altitude and track. SeeSection 11 for descriptions of these (and other) naviga-tion terms.

1. PressMENUon the Map page and then turnthe large right knob to highlight “ChangeFields?”. Then, pressENT.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight thedata eld you wish to change.3. Turn thesmall right knob to select the type

of data you want to appear on this eld andpressENT.

4. Press the small right knob to remove thecursor.

NOTE: The on-screen traffic information will oc- cupy two data fields, leaving room to display only two additional data types. Traffic information is only available when the 400W-series installation includes connection to traffic information sources.See the 400W Series Pilot’s Guide Addendum,part number 190-00356-31.

2 - NAV PAGES

Terrain Operation


“R t D f lt ?” t ll f l t bl

Terrain OperationDuring power-up of the 400W Series unit the

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“Restore Defaults?” resets all four user-selectabledata elds to their original factory default settings.

To restore the factory default settings, press

MENU and turn the large right knob to highlight“Restore Defaults?”, then press ENT.

During power up of the 400W Series unit, theterrain/obstacle database versions are displayed alongwith a disclaimer. At the same time, the TERRAINsystem self-test begins. A failure message is issued if the test fails.Terrain Limitations

Terrain Proximity displays altitudes of terrainand obstructions relative to the aircraft position andaltitude with reference to a database that may containinaccuracies. Terrain and obstructions are shownonly if they are in the database. Terrain and obstacleinformation should be used as an aid to situationalawareness. They should never be used to navigate ormaneuver around terrain.

Note that all obstructions may not be availablein the terrain and obstacle database. No terrain andobstacle information is shown without a valid 3-D GPSposition.

Terrain Page To display the TERRAIN Page, select the NAV

group and turn thesmall right knob until theTERRAIN Page is displayed. The page displays terraininformation, aircraft ground track, and GPS-derived

MSL altitude. Altitude is shown in increments of 20feet or in increments of 10 meters, depending on unitconguration. The “G” to the right of the MSL altitudedisplay reminds the pilot that altitude is GPS-derived.

2 - NAV PAGES

The TERRAIN Page has two selectable viewsettings:

To show or hide aviation data:1. Select the TERRAIN Page and pressMENU.

Terrain Operation

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settings:• 360˚ View—View from above aircraft depicting

surrounding terrain on all sides• 120˚ View—View of terrain ahead of and 60˚ to

either side of the aircraft ight path

TERRAIN Page

NOTE: The TERRAIN Page gives a “Track Up” display orientation, as indicated by the “TRK” label shown on the display. This is the only orientation available on this page.

To display a 120˚ view:

1. Select the TERRAIN Page and pressMENU.2. Select “View 120˚?”.3. Press ENT. To switch back to a 360˚ view,

repeat step 1, select “View 360˚?”, and pressENT.

Seven display ranges are available, allowing for amore complete view of the surrounding area.

To change the display range:

1. Select the TERRAIN Page and press up or downon the RNGkey to select the desired range:1 NM, 2 NM, 5 NM, 10 NM, 25 NM, 50 NM,100 NM.

Aviation information such as airports, VORs,and other navaids can be turned on or off from theTERRAIN Page.

g p2. Select “Show (or Hide) Aviation Data” and

press ENT. Pressing theCLRkey when theTERRAIN Page is displayed will also toggleaviation information on or off.

Inhibit Mode The Garmin TERRAIN system provides an

“inhibit mode”. This mode is designed to deactivatePremature Descent Alert/Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance (PDA/FLTA) visual alerts when they aredeemed unnecessary by the pilot. Flying VFR intoan area where unique terrain exists could cause thesystem to annunciate a nuisance alert. Pilots shoulduse discretion when inhibiting the TERRAIN systemand always remember to enable the system whenappropriate. When terrain is inhibited, the Terrainpage will still be active, but alerts and messages willnot be generated. See the Terrain Alerts section formore information on terrain alerts.

Inhibiting Terrain

2 - NAV PAGES

Terrain Operation

To inhibit TERRAIN:

1. Select the TERRAIN Page and pressMENU.To enable TERRAIN:

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1. Select the TERRAIN Page and pressMENU.“Inhibit Terrain?” is selected by default.

2. PressENT.The TERRAIN system is inhibited.The annunciation is displayed inthe terrain annunciator eld whenever terrainis inhibited.

Enabling Terrain

1. Select the TERRAIN Page and pressMENU.“Enable Terrain?” is selected by default.

2. PressENT. The TERRAIN system is functionalagain.

Aircraft Altitude

1000 ft

100 ft Threshold

Terrain Above Aircraft Altitude

TERRAIN Altitude/Color Correlation

O b s t a c l e S y m

b o

l

Unlighted Obstacle Lighted Obstacle Color TERRAIN/ObstacleLocation< 1000’ AGL > 1000’ AGL < 1000’ AGL > 1000’ AGL

RedTerrain/Obstacle above orwithin 100 ft below currentaircraft altitude

YellowTerrain/Obstacle between100 ft and 1000 ft below theaircraft altitude

Black TERRAIN/Obstacle is morethan 1000 ft below the aircraftaltitude

Terrain Color Symbology

2 - NAV PAGES

Terrain Symbols

The symbols on the previous page are used to

Terrain Operation

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The symbols on the previous page are used torepresent obstacles and potential impact points on theTerrain Page. Note that obstacle symbols are shown ondisplay zoom ranges up to 10NM:

Color Interpretation The Garmin TERRAIN system uses black, yellow,

and red to depict terrain information relative to aircraftaltitude.General Database Information

The Garmin TERRAIN system uses terrain andobstacle information supplied by government sources.The data undergoes verication by Garmin to conrmaccuracy of the content, per TSO-C151b.However, theinformation displayed should never be understood tobe all-inclusive. Pilots must familiarize themselves with the appropriate charts for safe ight.

NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross- validates the data, but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data.

The terrain/obstacle databases are contained on adatacard which is inserted in the right-most slot of the400W Series units.

Database Versions The version and area of coverage of each ter-

rain/obstacle database is shown on the Terrain Data-base Versions Page, located in the AUX Page Group.Databases are checked for integrity at power-up. If a

database is found to be missing and/or decient, theTERRAIN system fails the self-test and issues a failuremessage.

TERRAIN Database Information

Database Updates Terrain/obstacle databases are updated periodi-

cally with the latest terrain and obstacle data. Visit theGarmin website to check for newer versions of terrain/ obstacle databases. Compare database cycle numbersto determine if a newer version is available.

The database update process includes eitherreprogramming or replacing the database card andinserting the updated card in the right card slot on theunit front panel. The terrain/obstacle database maybe downloaded via the intenet and the card repro-grammed using a USB programmer available fromGarmin. Contact Garmin at 800-800-1020 or at www.garmin.com for more information.

2 - NAV PAGES

Terrain Operation

To update the terrain or obstacle database:

1. Acquire a new terrain data card fromNavigation Database

As explained in the “Premature Descent Alert-

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Garmin.2. Turn off the power to the 400W Series unit.3. Remove the old terrain data card from and

insert the new card into the right-most slot ofthe 400W Series unit.

4. Turn on the 400W Series unit and verify that theTERRAIN system passes the self-test. The “TERTEST” annunciator will clear after checking and

no failure message appears.Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage

The following describes the area of coverage avail-able in each database. Regional denitions may changewithout notice.

The terrain and airport terrain databases includeworldwide coverage that includes: Latitudes South 60°to North 75°.

The obstacle database provides coverage for theUSA and Europe that includes:

United States: Limited to the United States, someareas of Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and thePacic.

Europe: Limited to Austria, Belgium, Czech Repub-lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Neth-erlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain,Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.

CAUTION: Obstacles 200 feet and higher are in-

cluded in the Obstacle Database. It is very important to note that not all obstacles are necessarily charted and therefore may not be contained in the Obstacle Database.

ing (PDA)” section, the Garmin TERRAIN prema-ture descent alerting (PDA) algorithms utilize data

contained in the Navigation Database. It is thereforeimportant to also have the latest Navigation Databaseinstalled to ensure correct TERRAIN alerting.Terrain Phase of Flight

The TERRAIN Phase of Flight denitions are listedbelow:

En Route Phase- Dened as when the conditionsfor Terminal, Approach, and Departure Phases are notmet.

Terminal Phase - Dened as when all three of thefollowing conditions are met:

• The aircraft is 15 NM or less from the destinationrunway.

• The distance to the destination runway thresholdis decreasing.• The aircraft is at or below (lower than) a straight

line drawn between the two points specied in thetable below (relative to the destination runway).

Distance to Runway Height above Runway15 NM 3500 feet

5 NM 1900 feet Approach Phase- Dened as when all three of

the following conditions are met:• The distance to the destination runway threshold

is equal to or less than 5 NM.• The height above the destination runway thresh-

old elevation is equal to or less than 1000 feet.• The distance to the destination runway threshold

is decreasing.

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Terrain Alerts

TERRAIN Alerts

TERRAIN alerts are issued when ight conditions

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

The Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance alert, or

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meet parameters that are set within the TERRAINsystem software algorithms. When an alert is issued,visual annunciations are displayed. Annunciationsappear in a dedicated eld in the lower left corner of the display.

TERRAIN Annunciation and Pop-UpAlert

TERRAIN Annunciation Field TERRAIN Pop-Up Alert

Pop-up Alerts On any page except the TERRAIN Page, when a

terrain or obstacle alert is issued, a pop-up window isdisplayed with the appropriate alert.To acknowledge the pop-up alert and return tothe currently viewed page:

Press theCLR key.To acknowledge the pop-up alert and quicklydisplay the TERRAIN Page:

Press theENT key.

FLTA, is used by the TERRAIN system and is com-posed of two elements:Reduced Required Terrain Clear-ance (RTC) Avoidance andImminent Terrain Impact(ITI) Avoidance.

RTC/ITI TERRAIN Severity Levels

“TERRAIN AHEAD” alert (ashing)—Estimatedpotential impact in approximately 30 secondsafter pop-up alert and annunciation. Similarly, an

“OBSTACLE AHEAD’’ alert is also provided.

“TERRAIN ADVISORY” advisory—Estimatedpotential impact in approximately 60 seconds

after pop-up alert and annunciation. Similarly, an“OBSTACLE ADVISORY” alert is also provided.

• Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) Avoidance — Provides alerts when the aircraft ight pathis above terrain, yet is projected to come within

minimum clearance values outlined in the fol-lowing Minimum Terrain Clearance Values table. When an RTC alert is issued, a potential impactpoint is displayed on the TERRAIN Page as shownin the previous Terrain Altitude/Color gure.

2 - NAV PAGES

• Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) Avoidance— Pro-vides alerts when the aircraft is below the eleva-tion of a terrain cell in the aircraft’s projected path

Premature Descent Alerting (PDA)

The TERRAIN system issues a Premature Descent

Terrain Alerts

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tion of a terrain cell in the aircraft s projected path.ITI alerts are accompanied by a potential impact

point displayed on the TERRAIN Page. The alertis given when the projected vertical ight pathis calculated to come within minimum clearancealtitudes in the following table.

Phase of Flight Level Flight DescendingEn Route 700 ft. 500 ft.

Terminal 350 ft. 300 ft.Approach 150 ft. 100 ft.Departure 100 ft. 100 ft.Minimum Terrain Clearance Values for RTC/ITI Alerts

During the nal approach phase of ight, RTC/ITIalerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraftis below 200 feet AGL while within 0.5 NM of theapproach runway or is below 125 feet AGL whilewithin 1 NM of the runway threshold.

Alert (PDA) when the system detects that the aircraftis signicantly below the normal approach path toa runway. PDA begins when the aircraft is within 15NM of the destination airport. PDA ends when theaircraft is either 0.5 NM from the runway thresholdor is below an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within1.0 NM of the threshold.

CAUTION — The above annunciation and pop-upterrain alert are displayed during a PDA alert.

PDA Severity Levels

� � � �

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

� ��

Premature Descent Alerting (PDA) Threshold

2 - NAV PAGES

Terrain Alerts

TERRAIN Failure Alert

The TERRAIN system continually monitors

“TERRAIN Not Available” Alert The TERRAIN system requires a 3D GPS

navigation solution along with specic vertical

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several system-critical items, such as database validity,hardware status, and GPS status. Should the systemdetect a failure, a message is annunciated “TERRAINhas failed”.

“TERRAIN has failed” message

navigation solution along with specic verticalaccuracy minimums. Should the navigation solution

become degraded, if the terrain/obstacle database isnot available, or if the aircraft is out of the databasecoverage area, the annunciation “TERRAIN NOT AVAILABLE” is displayed on the TERRAIN Page.

“TERRAIN NOT AVAILABLE” display

2 - NAV PAGES

Alert Type Annunciation Pop-Up AlertTERRAIN Failure None

Terrain Alerts

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TERRAIN Inhibited None

TERRAIN Not Available NoneRequired Terrain Clearance (RTC) Advisory

Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) Alert(FLASHING) (FLASHING)

Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) Advisory

Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) Alert

(FLASHING) (FLASHING)

Required Obstacle Clearance (RTC) Advisory

Required Obstacle Clearance (RTC) Alert


Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) Advisory

Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) Alert


Premature Descent Alert (PDA)

TERRAIN Alerts Summary

2 - NAV PAGES

NAVCOM Page

NAVCOM PageTheNAVCOM (navigation communications) page

provides a list of the airport communication and

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p ov des a st o t e a po t co u cat o a dnavigation frequencies at your departure, en route and

arrival airports. TheNAVCOM pagemakes selectionof the frequencies you’ll need along your ight planquick and convenient. If you do not have an activeight plan with a departure airport, theNAVCOM page will display the frequencies for the airport nearestyour departure position. Only the 420AW and 430AWmove frequencies to their Navcom.

Assigned Frequencyand Usage Informa-

tion (when applicable)

Departure, EnRoute or Arrival

Airport

FrequencyType

Third Page

in NAV group

To select a frequency list for a departure, enroute, or arrival airport:1. Press the small right knob to activate the

cursor.2. Turn thelarge right knob to place the cursor

on the airport identier eld (top line on theNAVCOM page).

3. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desiredairport and pressENT.

To scroll through the list of frequencies:

1. Activate the cursor, if not already active, bypressing thesmall right knob.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to move the cursor

through the list of frequencies. If there are morefrequencies in the list that can be displayed onthe screen, a scroll bar along the right-handside of the screen will indicate which part ofthe list is currently being displayed.

} s c r o

l l b

a r

3. To place a frequency in the standby eld of theCOM or VLOC window, highlight the desiredfrequency and pressENT. (420AW and 430AWonly)

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2 - NAV PAGESPosition Page

NOTE: Do not rely solely on MSA as an absolute measure of safe altitude. Consult current charts and NOTAMs for your area.

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To change the user-selectable data elds:

1. Press MENUto display the Position pageoptions menu.

2. Turn the large right knob to highlight“Change Fields?” and pressENT.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight thedata eld you wish to change.

2 - NAV PAGESRestoring Factory Settings


A “Restore Defaults?” option allows you to resetall data elds to their original factory default settings.

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7. Press thesmall right knob momentarily toremove the cursor from the page.

8. If “WPT” is selected as the waypoint type, youcan designate any airport, NAVAID or userwaypoint as a reference waypoint. Press thesmall right knob, turn thelarge right knobto highlight the waypoint identier eld, thenuse thesmall and large right knobs to enterthe identier of the desired waypoint. PressENTto conrm the selected waypoint. Pressthe small right knob to remove the cursor.

all data elds to their original factory default settings.This will return the three user-selectable elds at thetop of the page AND the reference waypoint elds todefault settings.

To restore the factory default settings:

1. Press MENUto display the position pageoptions menu.

2. Turn the large right knob to highlight

“Restore Defaults?” and pressENT.

2 - NAV PAGESSatellite Status Page

Satellite Status PageThe Satellite Status Page is helpful in troubleshoot-

ing weak (or missing) signal levels due to poor satellitell bl h

(at top left corner of the page) shows which satel-lites are currently in view, and where they are. Theouter circle of the sky view represents the horizon(with north at top of the page); the inner circle 45°

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coverage or installation problems. You may wish to

refer to this page occasionally to monitor GPS receiverperformance and establish a normal pattern for systemoperation. Should problems occur at a later date, youmay nd it helpful to have an established baselinefrom which to compare.

GPS ReceiverStatusSky View

of satellite positions

SignalStrength Bars

Page locationin NAV group

SatelliteNumbers

Horizontal Figure of Meritand Vertical Figure of Merit

Estimated Posi-tion Uncertainty

AcquiringSatellite,not ready for use

ExcludedSatellite(cyan)

Satelliteacquired

and used for

position x(green)

Satellite acquired, used for position x, and has differential

corrections

As the GPS receiver locks onto satellites, a signalstrength bar appears for each satellite in view, with theappropriate satellite number (01-32, WAAS satelliteswill have higher numbers) underneath each bar. Theprogress of satellite acquisition is shown in the follow-ing conditions:

• Hollow signal strength bars — the receiver has foundthe satellite(s) and is collecting data.

• Cross-hatch cyan signal strength bars — the receiverhas found the satellite(s) but it has been excludedby the FDE program as a faulty satellite.

• Solid cyan signal strength bars — the receiver has

collected the necessary data, but is not using thesatellite in the position solution.• Solid green signal strength bars — the receiver has

collected the necessary data and the satellite is beingused in the position solution. The sky view display

(with north at top of the page); the inner circle 45°

above the horizon; and the center point directlyoverhead.The “D” character inside the bars indicates differ-

ential corrections (e.g. WAAS) are being used for thatsatellite.

Each satellite has a 30-second data transmissionthat must be collected (hollow signal strength bar)before the satellite may be used for navigation (solidsignal strength bar). Once the GPS receiver hasdeter-mined your position, the 400W-series unit indicatesyour position, altitude, track and ground speed. TheGPS receiver status eld also displays the following

messages under the appropriate conditions:• Searching Sky —The GPS receiver is searching the sky for ANY vis-ible satellites. You are also informed of this statuswith a “Searching the Sky” message.• Acquiring Sat —The GPS receiver is acquiring satellites for naviga-tion. In this mode, the receiver uses satellite orbitaldata (collected continuously from the satellites) andlast known position to determine the satellites thatshould be in view.

2 - NAV PAGESSatellite Status Page

Vertical Navigation Page

The 400W-series vertical navigation page (the lastNAV page) allows you to create a three-dimensional

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• 3D Navigation —The GPS receiver is in 3D navigation mode andcomputes altitude using satellite data.

• 3D Differential Navigation— The GPS receiver isin 3D navigation mode and differential corrections

are being used.

The Satellite Status Page also indicates the accu-racy of the position x, using Horizontal Figure of Merit (HFOM), Vertical Figure of Merit (VFOM), andEstimated Position Uncertainty (EPU). HFOM and VFOM represent the 95% condence levels in hori-zontal and vertical accuracy. The lowest numbers arethe best accuracy and the highest numbers are worse.EPU is the horizontal position error estimated by theFault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) algorithm, in feetor meters.

prole which guides you from your present positionand altitude to a nal (target) altitude at a speciedlocation. This is helpful when you’d like to descendto a certain altitude near an airport. Once the proleis dened, message alerts and additional data on thedefault NAV and map pages will keep you informed of your progress.

Altitude Reference(AGL or MSL)

Target

Altitude

Target

Distance

Page location inNAV groupVertical Speed

Desired

Target Reference

Vertical SpeedRequired

NOTE: To use the vertical nav igation features, your ground speed must be greater than 35 knots and you must be navigating to a direct-to destination or using a flight plan. To create a vertical navigation prole:

V E R T I C A L N A V I G A T I O N P R O F I L E V E R T I C A L S P E E D R E Q U I R E D

DISTANCE TO TARGET

TIME AND DISTANCETO PROFILE

TARGET ALTITUDEAND POSITION

AIRPORT

CURRENT ALTITUDEAND POSITION

2 - NAV PAGESVertical Navigation - VNAV


2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight thel d ld

6. Turn thesmall right knob to select “Before”or “After”, and pressENT. This setting desig-nates whether the offset distance denes apoint before you reach the target reference

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target altitude eld.

3. Turn thesmall andlarge right knobs to selectthe target altitude and pressENT.

4. Turn thesmall right knob to select “AboveWpt” (AGL) or “MSL”, and pressENT. “AboveWpt” will use the altitude of a destination air-port as stored in the Jeppesen NavData card.“MSL” lets you set a specic target altitudefor any waypoint category: airport, VOR, NDB,intersection or user waypoint.

5. Turn thesmall andlarge right knobs to selecta distance from the target reference waypointand press ENT. If the target altitude shouldoccur at the target reference waypoint, entera distance of zero.

point before you reach the target reference

waypoint or after you reach the waypoint.“After” is not available for the last waypoint.7. When using a ight plan, the target refer-

ence waypoint itself can be specied fromthe waypoints contained in the ight plan. Bydefault, the last waypoint in the ight plan willbe selected. To select a different waypoint, turn

the small right knob to select the desiredwaypoint and pressENT.

8. The default prole utilizes a 400 foot-per-minute descent rate. To change the rate,turn the large right knob to highlight the“VS Prole” eld and use thesmall and large right knobs to enter a new rate. PressENT when nished.

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2 - NAV PAGES

Dead Reckoning

Dead reckoning is the process of continuing navi-gation using your last known position and speed after

l f GPS i i hil i i h l

compute navigation related information for the currentight phase.

Dead Reckoning is only allowed in En Route and h d f h l

Dead Reckoning

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a loss of GPS navigation while on an active ight plan.

CAUTION : Navigation using dead reckoning is therefore only an estimate and should not be used as the sole means of navigation. Use other means of navigation, if possible.

Dead reckoning becomes active after a loss of GPSposition while you are navigating using an active ight

plan. A pop-up message will appear and you mustclear the message before continuing operation.

The ownship icon color is changed to yellow. The To/ From ag is removed from the CDI. The Dead Reckon-ing annunciator (DR) appears on the left side of themap display when GPS position is unavailable and theunit is in Dead Reckoning mode. All external outputsdependent on GPS position are agged.

Terrain will be noted as not available and new terrainadvisory pop-ops will not occur. Trafc and Storm-scope information will not be shown on the Map page,but will continue to be available on their own dedi-cated pages. XM weather will still be available on theMap page.

Dead Reckoning mode will continue until GPS posi-tion is restored, when GPS navigation is restored DeadReckoning mode is exited. The DR annunciationswill be removed and GPS information will be used to

Oceanic ight modes. If the unit is in a Terminal or Approach ight mode when Dead Reckoning takesplace, “No GPS Position” will be displayed on the mappages and all navigation data will be dashed. If you areoperating in Dead Reckoning mode and a transition toTerminal or Approach ight modes would occur fromthe projected Dead Reckoning position, Dead Reckon-ing mode will be discontinued. “No GPS Position” willbe displayed on the map pages and all navigation datawill be dashed.

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3 - DIRECT-TO

Selecting a Destination from the Active FlightPlan

If you’re navigating an active ight plan, anywaypoint contained in the ight plan may be selected

Selecting the Nearest Airport as a Direct-ToDestination

Theselect direct-to waypoint pagealways displaysthe nearest airports (from your present position) on

Selecting a Destination

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yp g p y

as a direct-to destination from theselect direct-towaypoint page. (seeSection 4 - Flight Plans, for moreinformation on ight plans.)

To select a direct-to destination from the activeight plan:

1. Press thedirect-to key. The select direct-towaypoint page will appear, with the waypointidentier eld highlighted.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight theight plan (FPL) eld.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to display a windowshowing all waypoints in the active flightplan.

4. Continue turning thesmall right knob toscroll through the list and highlight the desiredwaypoint.

5. PressENTto conrm the selected waypoint,and ENTto activate the direct-to function.

p ( y p p )

the NRST eld. Navigating directly to a nearby airportis always just a few simple steps away. (Nearby airportsmay also be selected as direct-to destinations using thesteps describedSection 7 - NRST Pages- Navigating toa Nearby Waypoint.)

To select a nearby airport as a direct-to destina-tion:

1. Press thedirect-to key. The select direct-towaypoint page will appear, with the waypointidentier eld highlighted.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight thenearest airport (NRST) eld.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to display a windowshowing up to nine nearby airports.

4. Continue turning thesmall right knob toscroll through the list and highlight the desiredairport.

5. PressENTto confirm the selected airport, andENTto activate the direct-to function.

NOTE: Performing a direct-to for the MAP of an active approach will cancel approach mode.

3 - DIRECT-TO

Shortcuts

Shortcuts are available when using thedirect-tokey, allowing you to bypass the use of thesmall andlarge right knobs to enter the destination waypoint’s

Direct-to destinations may also be selected fromthe map page , by panning to the desired destinationlocation and pressingdirect-to and ENT (twice).If no airport, navaid or user waypoint exists at the

Direct-to Shortcuts

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g g ypidentier. A direct-to can be performed from any pagedisplaying a single waypoint identier (such as the WPT pages for airports and navaids) by simply press-ingdirect-to andENT. For pages that display a listof waypoints (e.g., thenearest airport page), you musthighlight the desired waypoint with the cursor beforepressing thedirect-to key.

To select an on-screen waypoint (other than themap page) as a direct-to destination:

1. If a single airport, navaid or user waypoint isdisplayed on-screen: pressdirect-to , thenpressENTtwice.

2. If a list of waypoints is displayed on-screen:press the small right knob to activate the

cursor, turn thelarge right knob to highlightthe desired waypoint, then pressdirect-to followed byENTtwice.

desired location, a waypoint named “+MAP” willautomatically be created at the location of the pan-ning pointer.

To select a direct-to destination from the mappage:

1. From the map page, press thesmall rightknob to display a panning pointer.

2. Turn thesmall and large right knobs to placethe panning pointer at the desired destinationlocation.

3. If the panning pointer is placed on an existingairport, navaid or user waypoint, the waypointname will be highlighted. Pressdirect-to andthen ENTtwice to navigate to the waypoint.

4. If the panning pointer is placed on an openlocation, pressdirect-to and ENTtwice tocreate a “MAP” waypoint and navigate to it.

3 - DIRECT-TO

Cancelling Direct-To Navigation

Once a direct-to is activated, the 400W-series willprovide navigation guidance to the selected destinationuntil the direct-to is replaced with a new direct-to or

Specifying a Course to a Waypoint

Whenever you perform a direct-to, the 400W-series will set a direct geodesic course to your selecteddestination. You can also manually dene the course to

Cancelling / Manual Course

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pight plan, cancelled, or the unit is turned off.

To cancel a direct-to:

1. Press thedirect-to key to display the selectdirect-to waypoint page.

2. PressMENUto display the direct-to optionsmenu.

3. With “Cancel Direct-To NAV?” highlighted,

press ENT. If a ight plan is still active, the400W-series will resume navigating the ightplan along the closest leg.

yyour destination, using the “CRS” course eld on theselect direct-to waypoint page.

To manually dene the direct-to course:

1. Press thedirect-to key.2. Use thesmall and large right knobs to select

the destination waypoint.

3. PressENTto conrm the selected waypoint,then turn the large right knob to highlightthe course (“CRS”) eld.

4. Turn thesmall andlarge right knobs to selectthe desired course and pressENT.

5. PressENTagain to begin navigation using theselected destination and course.

6. To reselect a direct course from present posi-

tion (or select a new manually-dened course),simply pressdirect-to , followed byENT twice.

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4 - FLIGHT PLANS

Flight Plan Catalog

Section 4Flight Plans

The400W-serieslets you create up to 20 differ-ent ight plans, with up to 31 waypoints in each ight

4. Turn thelarge right knob to select the pointwhere you wish to add the new waypoint. Ifan existing waypoint is highlighted, the newwaypoint will be placed directly in front of thiswaypoint

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g p , p yp gplan. The ight plan page group consists of two pages,accessed by pressing the FPL key. The Active FlightPlan page shows the legs and details in the active ightplan. The Flight Plan Catalog contains ight plans thatyou have created and saved for future use. The ightplan pages allow you to create, edit and copy ightplans. There are separate options available in both the Active Flight Plan page and the Flight Catalog page.

Active Flight Plan Page Flight Plan Catalog Page

Flight Plan Catalog

The Flight Plan Catalog allows you to create, edit,activate, delete and copy ight plans. Flight plansnumbered from 1 through 19 are used to save ightplans for future use. “Flight plan 00” is reserved exclu-sively for the ight plan currently in use for naviga-tion. Any time you activate a ight plan, a copy of the

ight plan is automatically transferred to “ight plan00” and overwrites any previously active ight plan.

Flight Plan Catalog EditingTo add a waypoint to an existing ight plan:

1. PressFPLand turn thesmall right knob todisplay the ight plan catalog.

2. Press thesmall right knob to activate thecursor.3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

desired ight plan and pressENT.

waypoint.

5. Use thesmall and large right knobs to enterthe identier of the new waypoint and pressENT.

6. Once all changes have been made, press thesmall right knob to return to the ight plancatalog.

To delete a waypoint from an existing ight plan:



3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight thedesired ight plan and pressENT.

4. Turn the large right knob to select thewaypoint you wish to delete and pressCLR to display a “remove waypoint” conrmationwindow.

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4 - FLIGHT PLANS

Flight Plan Catalog Options

Inverting Flight Plans Invert FPL?allows you to reverse the highlighted

ight plan and select it for navigation guidance. Aftertravelling along a ight plan, you may wish to reverse

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the route for navigation guidance back to your originaldeparture point.To activate an existing ight plan in reverse order:1. From the ight plan catalog, press thesmall

right knob to activate the cursor.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

desired ight plan and pressMENUto display

the ight plan catalog options.3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “Invert

FPL?” and pressENT. The original ight planwill remain intact in its ight plan catalog stor-age location.

Create a new ight plan

Create New Flight Plan?allows you to create a

new ight plan. The new ight plan will be saved inthe Flight Plan Catalog.

To create a new ight plan:


2. PressMENUto display the ight plan catalogoptions.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “CreateNew Flight Plan?” and pressENT.

4. A blank ight plan page will appear for therst empty storage location. Use thesmall and large right knobs to enter the identierof the departure waypoint and pressENT.

5. Repeat step #4 above to enter the identierfor each additional ight plan waypoint.

6. Once all waypoints have been entered, pressthe small right knob to return to the ightplan catalog.

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4 - FLIGHT PLANS


To delete a ight plan:

1a. From the active ight plan page, pressMENU to display the active flight plan optionswindow.

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1b. From the ight plan catalog, press thesmallright knob to activate the cursor, turn thelarge right knob to highlight the ight planyou wish to copy, then pressMENUto displaythe ight plan catalog options.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “CopyFlight Plan?” and pressENT.

3. By default, the next empty catalog location willbe offered. To select a different location, turnthe large right knob to select the ight plannumber, use thesmall and large right knobsto enter a different number and pressENT.

4. With “Yes?” highlighted, pressENTto copythe ight plan.

Deleting Flight Plans

Delete Flight Plan?allows you to remove theselected ight plan from memory. Deleting a ight plandoes not delete the individual waypoints containedin the ight plan from the database or user waypointmemory. Once you are nished with a ight plan, itcan easily be deleted from the ight plan catalog or theactive ight plan page.

or1b. From the ight plan catalog, press thesmallright knob to activate the cursor, turn thelarge right knob to highlight the ight planyou wish to copy, then pressMENUto displaythe ight plan catalog options.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “DeleteFlight Plan?” and pressENT.

3. With “Yes?” highlighted, pressENTto deletethe ight plan.

Deleting All Flight Plans

Delete All Flight Plans?allows you to remove allight plans from memory.

To delete all ight plans:

1. Select the “Delete All Flight Plans?” optionfrom the ight plan catalog options and pressENT.

4 - FLIGHT PLANS


2. A confirmation window will appear. With“Yes?” highlighted, pressENT.

Active Flight Plan PageThe active ight plan page provides information

and editing functions for “ight plan 00”— the ightplan currently in use for navigation. Once you have

i d i h l h i i h l ill

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Sort List By Number?/Sort List by Comment?

Sort List By Number?/Sort List by Comment?The sorting function allows you to select between aight plan catalog sorted numerically by the ight plannumber or sorted alphanumerically based upon thecomment assigned to each ight plan. When eitheroption is selected, the other option will appear on theight plan catalog options window.

To sort the catalog listing by number or comment:

1. Select the “Sort List By Number?” or “Sort ListBy Comment?” option (whichever is currentlydisplayed) from the ight plan catalog optionsand pressENT.

activated a ight plan, the active ight plan page willshow each waypoint for the ight plan, along with thedesired track (DTK) and distance (DIS) for each leg.The data elds for DTK and DIS are user-selectableand may be changed to display cumulative distance(CUM) to each waypoint, estimated time of arrival(ETA), estimated time en route (ETE) or en route safe

altitude (ESA).To change a data eld on the active ight planpage:

1. With the active ight plan page displayed, pressMENUto display the active ight plan pageoptions window.

2. Turn the large right knob to highlight

“Change Fields?” and pressENT.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the eldyou wish to change.

4. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desireddata item and pressENT.

4 - FLIGHT PLANS

Active Flight Plan

5. Press thesmall right knob to remove thecursor.

To restore factory default settings for data eldson the active ight plan page:

1 With th ti i ht l di l d

the desired destination waypoint.2. Select the “Activate Leg?” option from the

active flight plan page options and pressENT.

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1. With the active ight plan page displayed, pressMENUto display the active ight plan pageoptions window.

2. Turn the large right knob to highlight“Restore Defaults?” and pressENT.

Active Flight Plan OptionsThe following options (some covered on the pre-

ceding pages) are available for theactive ight plan:• Activate Leg• Crossll• Copy Flight Plan• Invert Flight Plan• Delete Flight Plan• Select Approach

• Select Arrival• Select Departure• Remove Approach• Remove Arrival• Remove Departure• Closest Point of Flight Plan• Parallel Track• Change Fields• Restore Defaults

Activate Leg

Activate Leg?activates/reactivates the ight planand selects the highlighted leg as the “active leg” (theleg which will currently be used for navigation guid-ance).

To activate a ight plan along a specic leg:1. Press thesmall right knob to activate the

cursor and turn the large right knob to highlight

3. A confirmation window will appear. With“Activate?” highlighted, pressENT.

Crossll

Crossll?allows you to transfer the active ightplan between two 400W- or 500W-series Garmin unitsin a dual unit installation. See the description on aprevious page in the Flight Plan section.

Copy Flight Plan Copy Flight Plan?copies the active ight plan

to a ight plan catalog location. The copy functionis useful for duplicating the active ight plan beforemaking changes. This feature is described earlier inthis section.

Invert Flight Plan Invert Flight Plan?reverses the active ight plan.This feature is described earlier in this section.1. With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed,

pressMENUto display the Active Flight PlanPage Options window.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “InvertFlight Plan?” and pressENT.

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4 - FLIGHT PLANS

Active Flight Plan Options

ing the original ight plan until cleared for theapproach—but, keeps the approach availablefor quick activation when needed.

5. For approaches not approved for GPS, a

reminder window will appear indicating thatGPS id h h i i l

3. A second window will appear listing availablerunways for the transition. Turn thesmallright knob to highlight the desired runwayand pressENT.

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reminder window will appear indicating thatGPS guidance on such approaches is strictlyfor monitoring only. To conrm this reminder,highlight “Yes?” and pressENT.

Select Arrival

Select Arrival?allows you to select a publishedstandard terminal arrival route (STAR) for the destina-tion airport, or replace the current arrival with a newselection.

To select an arrival for a direct-to or ight plandestination airport:

1. Select the “Select Arrival?” option from theactive ight plan page options and pressENT.

2. A window will appear listing the availabletransitions for your destination airport. Turnthe small right knob to highlight the desiredtransition waypoint and pressENT.

4. With “Load?” highlighted, pressENT.

Select Departure

Select Departure?allows you to select a pub-lished standard instrument departure (SID) for thedeparture airport, or replace the current departurewith a new selection. When using a direct-to, the400W-series will use the nearest airport as a reference

when displaying available departures. See Sec 5 - Pro-cedures for information on selecting departures usingthePROCkey.

To select a departure for the departure airport:

1. Select the “Select Departure?” option fromthe active ight plan page options and pressENT.

2. A window will appear listing the availabledepartures for your departure airport. Turnthe small right knob to select the desireddeparture and pressENT.

3. A second window will appear listing availabletransitions for the departure. Turn thesmallright knob to highlight the desired transition

waypoint and pressENT.4. With “Load?” highlighted, pressENT.

4 - FLIGHT PLANS


Remove Approach, Arrival, or Departure Remove Approach?deletes the currently selected

approach from the active ight plan.Remove Arrival? deletes the current Arrival (STAR) from the active

ight planRemove Departure?deletes the currentdeparture (SID) from the active ight plan

To determine the closest point, along the activeight plan, to a selected waypoint:

1. Select the “Closest Point of FPL?” option fromthe active ight plan page options and pressENT.

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ight plan.Remove Departure?deletes the currentdeparture (SID) from the active ight plan.To remove an approach, arrival or departure fromthe active ight plan:

1. PressMENUand turn thelarge right knobto select the “Remove Approach?”, “RemoveArrival?” or “Remove Departure?” option from

the active ight plan page options and pressENT.

2. A conrmation window will appear listingthe procedure you are about to remove. With“Yes?” highlighted, pressENT.

Closest Point of FPLClosest Point of FPL?calculates the bearing and

closest distance that a flight plan will pass from a refer-ence waypoint. May also be used to create a new userwaypoint along the flight plan at the location closest tothe reference waypoint.

2. A window will appear with the referencewaypoint eld highlighted. Use thesmall andlarge right knobs to enter the identier of thereference waypoint and pressENT.

3. A conrmation window will appear for theselected reference waypoint. PressENT toaccept the waypoint.

4. The 400W-series will display the bearing (BRG)and distance (DIST) to the closest point alongthe ight plan, from the selected referencewaypoint. To create a user waypoint at thislocation and add it to the ight plan, highlight“Load?” and pressENT. The name for the newuser waypoint will be derived from the identi-

er of the reference waypoint.

4 - FLIGHT PLANS


Parallel Track

Parallel Track?allows you to create a parallelcourse offset of 1 to 99 NM to the left or right of yourcurrent ight plan. After setting a parallel track to your

current ight plan, a magenta parallel track line will bed ff t f th i i l b th l t d di t

To set a parallel track to your ight plan.

1. With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed,pressMENUto display the Active Flight PlanPage Options window.

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current ight plan, a magenta parallel track line will bedrawn offset from the original by the selected distance.The original course line will be drawn in white. Theaircraft will navigate to the parallel track course line.

When you reach the end of the ight plan, anannunciator message will state “PTK END X S”. Themessage will give the pilot sufcient time to intercept

the original course.Points to remember with Parallel Track:• You must have an active ight plan• The current leg must support parallel track• Parallel track is not allowed for the active leg of an

approach• Parallel track is not allowed if the active leg is not a

track-to-x or direct-to-x leg• Parallel track may be allowed but not the selected

offset distance

TO

WPT

FROMWPT

North

BRG

Parallel Track Distance

Course

DTK

Offset

TO

WPT

Offset

FROMWPT

Select “Parallel Track?” to set a parallel trackto your current ight plan.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “Parallel

Track?” and pressENT.3. Turn the small and large right knobs to

set the Offset Distance value and then pressENT.

Turn the small and large knobs to select theparallel track distance from your current

ight plan.

4. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight theOffset Direction.

5. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desiredOffset Direction and pressENT.

Turn the small and large knobs to select theparallel track direction from your current

ight plan.6. Activate? is highlighted. PressENTto activate

the selected Parallel Track. Or, pressCLRor theCRSRto cancel Parallel Track selection.

4 - FLIGHT PLANS

Active Flight Plan Shortcuts

To cancel a parallel track to your ight plan.


2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “ParallelTrack?” and pressENT

Shortcuts

A number of shortcuts are available to save timewhen using the active ight plan page. These shortcutsspeed the process of removing approaches, departures,

and arrivals, and aid in selecting a specic ight planl f i ti id

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g g g gTrack?” and pressENT.3. “Cancel?” is highlighted. PressENT.

Change Fields

Change Fields?allows you to select the desireddata items to display on the active ight plan page.


2. Turn the large right knob to highlight“Change Fields?” and pressENT. The eldactive for selection will ash. Turn thelargeright knob to highlight the eld to change.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to open the list ofselections and continue turning it to highlightthe desired selection and then pressENT.

Restore Defaults

Restore Defaults?returns the data items to fac-tory defaults.

1. With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed,

pressMENUto display the Active Flight PlanPage Options window.

2. Turn the small right knob to highlight“Restore Defaults?” and then pressENT.

, g p g pleg for navigation guidance.On the preceding page, options to remove

approaches, departures and arrivals were introduced.This process may also be completed using theCLR key, as described below and illustrated at left.

To remove an approach, departure, or arrivalusing the CLR key:1. With the active ight plan page displayed, press

the small right knob to activate the cursor.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

title for the approach, departure or arrival youwish to delete. Titles will appear in light bluedirectly above the procedure’s waypoints.

3. PressCLRto display a conrmation window.

4. With “Yes?” highlighted, pressENTto removethe selected procedure.

4 - FLIGHT PLANS


This same process may also be used to removeindividual waypoints from the active ight plan.

To remove a waypoint using the CLR key:

1. With the active ight plan page displayed, press

the small right knob to activate the cursor.

2. Pressdirect-to twice to display an “ActivateLeg” conrmation window.

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g2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

identier for the waypoint you wish to delete.Identiers will appear in green text.

3. PressCLRto display a conrmation window.

4. With “Yes?” highlighted, pressENTto removethe selected procedure.

The “Activate Leg?” provides a shortcut that allowsyou to specify which leg of the ight plan will cur-rently be used for navigation guidance, using thedirect-to key.

To activate a specic leg of the active ight plan:

1. Press thesmall right knob to activate thecursor and turn thelarge right knob to high-light the desired destination waypoint.

3. With “Activate?” highlighted, pressENT.

When using instrument procedures, this featurecan be used not only to activate a specic point-to-point leg, but to also activate the procedure turnportion of an approach, follow a DME arc or activate aholding pattern.

Any approach, departure or arrival can be reviewedon the appropriate airport page in the Waypoint pagegroup.

To review a procedure while viewing a ight planpage:

1. With a ight plan page displayed, press thesmall right knob to activate the cursor.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight theprocedure header and pressENTto select theWPT page group.

4 - FLIGHT PLANS


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Blank Page

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5 - PROCEDURES

Activating Approaches

Not all approaches in the databaseare approved for GPS use. As youselect an approach, a “GPS” designa-tion to the right of the procedure

name indicates the procedure can be own usingthe GPS receiver. Some procedures will not have

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this designation, meaning the GPS receiver may beused for supplemental navigation guidance only. ILSapproaches, for example, must be own by tuning the VLOC receiver to the proper frequency and couplingthe VLOC receiver to the external CDI (or HSI).

Once an approach is selected, it may be activatedfor navigation from the procedures page. Activating theapproach overrides the “en route” portion of the activeight plan, proceeding directly to the “approach”portion (for a full approach, directly to the initialapproach x). Activating the approach also initiatesautomatic CDI scaling transition as the approachprogresses.

To activate an approach:

1. Press thePROCkey to display the procedurespage.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “Acti-vate Approach?” and pressENT.

Another procedures page option allows you toactivate the nal course segment of the approach. Thisoption assumes you will receive vectors to the nalapproach course and guides you to intercept the nalcourse, before reaching the FAF.

5 - PROCEDURES

Basic Approach Operations

Basic Approach Operations

The 400W-series provides precision and non-preci-sion approach guidance using its built-in GPS receiver.The moving map pages can also be used as a supple-

mental aid to situational awareness for ILS, VOR, andNDB approaches (and non-precision localizer-based

Annunciation DescriptionLPV Follow lateral and vertical guidance to LPV

minimums. A yellow background indicatesthe current VPL and/or HPL values are notadequate for the approach and is an earlyindication that downgrading will occur ifconditions do not improve

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pp ( papproaches), but the localizer and glideslope receiversMUST be used for primary approach course guidance.The 400W-series also provides GPS precision capa-bility, known as LPV and LNAV/VNAV approaches.LNAV+V approaches provide vertical guidance but are

not precision approaches. Approaches designed specically for GPS are oftenvery simple and don’t require overying a VOR orNDB. Currently, many non-precision approaches have“GPS overlays” to let you y an existing procedure(VOR, VOR/DME, NDB, RNAV, etc.) more accuratelyusing GPS. To date, there are over 2,400 GPS-onlyapproaches and over 2,900 GPS overlay approachesworldwide.

Many overlay approaches are more complex (incomparison to GPS-only approaches). The 400W-series unit displays and guides you through each legof the approach — automatically sequencing througheach of these legs, up to the missed approach point

(MAP). Approaches may be own “as published” withthe full transition — using any published feeder routeor initial approach x (IAF) — or may be own with avectors-to-nal transition.

Flight mode annunciations are provided in thelower left corner of the display indicating the currentmode of ight.

conditions do not improve.L/VNAV GPS approach identied in the database as

LNAV/VNAV. Fly to LNAV/VNAV minimums.LNAV+V Non-precision GPS approach with advanced

vertical guidance. Note that some LNAV/VNAV approaches are not yet marked inthe database as such and will show up asLNAV+V. If the chart shows the approach asLNAV/VNAV, it can be own to LNAV/VNAVminimums.

LNAV Non-precision GPS approach or non-GPSapproach, such as ILS or Localizer.

MAPR Missed Approach, indicates the system isproviding missed approach integrity and

CDI full-scale deection ±0.3NM. This alsoshows that the pilot has initiated a MissedApproach by pressing the OBS key aftercrossing the MAP.

ENR En route, CDI full-scale deection is 2.0 NMor current CDI scale selection, whichever issmaller.

TERM Terminal, CDI full-scale deection is 1.0 NM

or current CDI scale selection, whichever issmaller.DPRT Departure, indicates the system is using

non-precision approach integrity. HAL = 0.3and CDI full-scale deection is 0.3 NM.

OCN Oceanic, CDI full-scale deection is 2.0 NM.LOW ALT

(lower window)In LNAV+V, LNAV/VNAV, or LPV approaches,the LOW ALT annunciation indicates theaircraft’s estimated height is lower than theFinal Approach waypoint height by morethan the current VPL plus 50 meters.

5 - PROCEDURES

Procedure Turn Approach

Approach operations on the 400W-series will typi-cally begin with the same basic steps:

Select Destination

“Select” and “Load” the

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approach

“Activate” the approach

DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION

1. Select the destination airport using thedirect-to key, or as the last waypoint in the activeight plan.

2. Choose the “Select Approach?” option fromthe procedures page or from the active ightplan options.

3. “Load” the approach (often while en route) inanticipation of its future use. This places theapproach in the active ight plan, but retainscourse guidance in the en route section untilthe approach is “activated”.

4. “Activate” the full approach or vectors-to-nal,as appropriate. In some scenarios, you may ndit more convenient to immediately activate theapproach and skip the “Load” process outlinedabove in step #3. The 400W-series providesboth options.

5 - PROCEDURES


Approaches with Procedure TurnsThe procedure turn portion of an approach is

stored as one of the legs of the approach. For thisreason, the 400W-series requires no special operationsfrom the pilot — other than ying the procedure turnitself — beyond what is required for any other type of

h

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approach.This example uses the VOR Runway 04 GPS

approach for Lynchburg (Virginia) Regional Airport,KLYH, and assumes a departure from Frederick (Mary-land) Municipal Airport, KFDK. The steps required to

set up and y the approach are detailed below:1. Prior to departing KFDK, the destination (KLYH)is selected using thedirect-to key or by cre-ating a ight plan terminating at LynchburgRegional.

2. While en route to KLYH, some 40-50 nauticalmiles away, you select the ATIS frequency to

monitor airport conditions and runway usage.This is accomplished by selecting the NAVCOMpage and selecting the ATIS frequency fromthe list. This places the frequency on standby.Use theCOM ip-op key to make the ATISfrequency active.

3. From ATIS you learn that runway 04 is in useand plan your approach accordingly. Pressthe PROCkey and select the “VOR 04-GPS”approach. From the transitions window, selectLYH VOR (the IAF). Also, select “Load?” to load(but not activate) the approach.

4. Once you are cleared for the approach, press

the PROCkey, select “Activate Approach?”and pressENT.

[RW04]


Lynchburg (VA) RegionalVOR or GPS Rwy 04

5 - PROCEDURES


Flying the Procedure Turn1. Within 31 nautical miles of the destination

airport, the 400W-series will switch from “enroute” mode to “terminal” mode (as indicatedin the lower left corner of the screen). Theswitch to terminal mode is accompanied by agradual Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) scale

3. As you approach the IAF (LYH), a waypoint alert(“LT TO 205° x S”) will appear in the lower rightcorner of the screen. As the distance (DIS) tothe IAF approaches zero, the alert is replacedby a turn advisory (“LT TO 205° NOW”). Theunit will guide you automatically, or you candial the outbound course of 205° into the CDI

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gradual Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) scaletransition from 2.0 to 1.0 nautical miles, fullscale deection. (See example below)

2. Several miles prior to reaching the IAF (LYH),you may wish to review the approach sequence.Press theFPLkey to display the active ightplan page. Press thesmall right knob, andthen turn thelarge right knob to review eachsegment of the approach. When nished, pressFPLagain to return to the previous page.

dial the outbound course of 205 into the CDI(or HSI) using theOBS knob and initiate astandard rate turn to this course heading.

4. Fly the outbound course, keeping the CDIneedle centered.

5. Once you have own approximately one minutepast the FAF (LYH), the alert message “LT TO160° x S” will appear in the lower right cornerof the screen. You may initiate the procedureturn at any time after receiving this alert mes-sage.

5 - PROCEDURES


sensing along the nal course segment and“DTK 025° NOW” will appear in the lowerright corner of the screen.

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RW04 31 nm


6. Turn left to a heading of 160° to initiate theprocedure turn. Course guidance is providedrelative to the outbound leg from the FAF. (Theprocedure turn is displayed on the map pageand indicated as the active leg on the defaultNAV and active ight plan pages.) The CDIneedle will start moving to the right.

7. After approximately one minute, make a 180°right turn to a heading of 340° to interceptthe inbound course. The unit will sequence tothe inbound leg to the FAF, the CDI needle willswing to the opposite side to provide proper

8. As the CDI needle starts to center, make a rightturn to 025°—the nal approach course.

9. When within 45° of the nal approach courseand the FAF is the TO waypoint, the 400W-series unit switches from terminal mode to“approach” mode. CDI scaling is tightened from1.0 NM full scale deection to either 0.3 nauti-cal mile or 2° full scale deection whichever isless at the FAF. The change occurs over 2 NM

and is completed by the FAF.10. As you approach the FAF, a waypoint alert in

the lower right corner (“NEXT DTK 025°”)will appear. Make any course adjustmentsnecessary for the nal course segment (FAF toMAP).

11. As you cross the FAF, the destination sequences

to the MAP (“RW03”, the runway threshold).With the needle centered, y toward the MAP,observing the altitude minimums dictated bythe approach plate.

5 - PROCEDURES

Missed Approach

RW04


pended at the MAP. A “from” indication willbe displayed on the CDI and default NAV page,but course guidance along the final approachcourse will continue. If a missed approach isrequired, use theOBSkey to initiate the missedapproach sequence.

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NOTE: When viewing the map page, note that the nal course segment is displayed in magenta (the active leg of the ight plan always appears in magenta) and a dashed line extends the course beyond the MAP. The dashed line is provided for situational awareness only and should NOT be used for navigation. Follow the published missed approach procedures.

12. As you approach the MAP, a waypoint alert(“ARRIVING WPT”) will appear in the lower

right corner.13. As you cross the MAP, “SUSP” will appear

above theOBSkey, indicating that automaticsequencing of approach waypoints will be sus-

Flying the Missed Approach After you pass the MAP, if the runway isn’t in sight

you must execute a missed approach. The 400W-seriescontinues to give guidance along an extension of the nalcourse segment (FAF to MAP) until you manually initiatethe missed approach procedure (as mentioned previously

in reference to the “SUSP” advisory).

RW04


NOTE: It is the pilot’s responsibility for initial missed

approach guidance in accordance with published procedure. The unit may not provide correct guidance until established on a dened leg.

5 - PROCEDURES

Approach with Hold

TheOBSkey is used to initiate the missed approach,as follows:

1. Press theOBSkey after the SUSP annunciatorappears. If you press theOBSkey a secondtime, the missed approach holding point(MAHP; in this case “SWARM” intersection)is automatically offered as the destination

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waypoint.

NOTE: In some cases, an additional hold waypoint is added to the missed approach sequence. This additional waypoint is used as an aid in establishing the holding pattern— especially where the MAP and MAHP are the same waypoint.

2. Follow the missed approach procedures, aspublished on your approach plate, for properclimb and heading instructions. The 400W-series unit will guide you to the holding pattern,along the 053° radial from LYH VOR.

3. An alert message in the lower right hand cornerof the screen will recommend entry proceduresfor the holding pattern (i.e., “HOLD DIRECT”,“HOLD PARALLEL”, or “HOLD TEARDROP”).As you y the holding pattern, a timer appearson the default NAV page. The timer automati-cally resets on the outbound side of the holdwhen you are abeam the hold waypoint. Thetimer again resets as you turn inbound (within

approximately 30° of the inbound course). Thisallows you to use standard timing (typically oneminute) to y the inbound and outbound legsof the hold.

4. The 400W-series unit will provide course guid-ance only on the inbound side of the holdingpattern. When leaving the holding patternto re-y the approach (or another approach)press thePROCkey to “Select Approach?” or“Activate Approach?” as previously described.

(Or, use thedirect-to key to select anotherdestination.)

Flying an Approach with a Hold

Starting where the previous example left off,we’ll assume weather conditions resulted in a missedapproach at Lynchburg Regional. Now, you’ve decided

to divert to Farmville Regional (KFVX) instead.1. Pressdirect-to .2. Use thesmall and large right knobs to enter

the destination airport’s identier (KFVX).

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5 - PROCEDURES

DME Arc Approach

14. As you cross the FAF, the destination sequencesto the MAP (“RW21”, the runway threshold).With the needle centered, y toward the MAP,observing the altitude minimums dictated bythe approach plate. (When viewing the mappage, you’ll note that the nal course segmentis displayed in magenta—the active leg of theight plan always appears in magenta and

16. As you cross the MAP, “SUSP” will appearabove theOBSkey, indicating that automaticsequencing of approach waypoints will be sus-pended at the MAP. A “from” indication willbe displayed on the CDI and default NAV page,but course guidance along the nal approachcourse will continue. If a missed approach isrequired use theOBSkey to initiate the missed

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ight plan always appears in magenta—anda dashed line extends the course beyond theMAP. Do NOT follow this extended course.Instead, follow published missed approachprocedures.)


15. As you approach the MAP, a waypoint alert(“ARRIVING WPT”) will appear in the lower rightcorner. CDI scaling continues to tighten from0.3 NM to 350 feet, full-scale deection.

required, use theOBSkey to initiate the missedapproach sequence.

5 - PROCEDURES

DME Arc Approach

Flying a DME Arc ApproachThe GPS overlay for a DME arc approach uses

additional Jeppesen-provided waypoints to dene thearc. These waypoints are indicated by “D” as the rstletter in the waypoint name. This is followed by threenumbers which indicate the radial the waypoint lieson. The last letter indicates the radius of the arc.

(KTOP) in Topeka, Kansas. The VOR/DME runway 22approach will be selected, along with “D258G” as theIAF.

1. Select Billard Muni (KTOP) as your destination,via theDirect-To key or as the last waypointin a ight plan.

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DO NOT USE

FOR NAVIGATION

Billard Muni (Topeka, KS)VOR or GPS Rwy 22

NOTE: As this manual was being written, the letter/number DME arc names were being replaced with standard five-letter intersection names. You may encounter either naming convention for an approach you select.

When you are cleared for a DME arc approach, youmay do one of the following to intercept the arc:

• Follow a specied radial inbound to intercept theIAF.

• Fly directly to the IAF at the beginning of thearc.

• Follow ATC vectors which allow you to interceptthe arc at any point along the arc.

This example is based upon a ight from Hutchin-son (Kansas) Municipal (KHUT) to Billard Municipal

2. Press thePROCkey and select the “VOR 22”approach. From the transitions window, select“LEBVY” as the IAF. Also, select “Load?” (or“Activate?”, if already cleared direct to the IAFfor the approach).

3. Within 31 nautical miles of KTOP, the 400W-series unit will switch from en route mode to

terminal mode and the CDI scale will transitionfrom 2.0 to 1.0 nautical miles, full scale deec-tion.

5 - PROCEDURES

DME Arc Approach


6. Follow the arc, keeping the CDI needle cen-

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31 nm (from airport)

Billard Muni (Topeka, KS)VOR Rwy 22

4. If you haven’t already activated the approach

(in step #2 above), be sure to do so whencleared for the approach.

5. As you approach the IAF (LEBVY/D258G), awaypoint alert (“LT TO 350° x S”, meaningturn left to 350° in x seconds) will appear inthe lower right corner of the screen. As thedistance (DIS) to the IAF approaches zero, thealert is replaced by a turn advisory (“LT TO 350°

NOW”).

, p gtered. When using an autopilot, the courseselect on the CDI (or HSI) must be periodicallyupdated with the desired track (DTK) to ensureproper tracking through the arc. Whenever thecourse select setting and desired track differby more than 10°, a “Set course to ###°”message will appear on the message page.

7. The next point in the approach is an interme-diate x, labeled “DMARY/D025G”. As youapproach this intermediate x, a waypoint alert(“RT TO 205° x S”) will appear in the lowerright corner of the screen. As the distance tothis x approaches zero, the alert is replacedby a turn advisory (“RT TO 205° NOW”). Dialthis course into the CDI (or HSI) using theOBSknob and initiate a standard rate turn to thiscourse heading.

8. When within 45° of the nal approach courseand the FAF is the TO waypoint, the 400W-

seriesunitwill switch from terminal mode toapproach mode. CDI scaling is tightened from1.0 NM full scale deection to either 0.3 nauti-cal mile or 2° full scale deection whichever is

5 - PROCEDURES

Vectors-To-Final Approach

less at the FAF. The change occurs over 2 NMand is completed by the FAF.

9. As you approach the FAF, “RT TO 214° x S” willappear in the lower right corner of the screen.Select this course on the CDI (or HSI) using theOBSknob and turn to the nal course segment(FAF to MAP) heading.

DO NOT USE FOR

10. As you cross the FAF, the destination sequencesto the MAP (“RW22”, the runway threshold).With the needle centered y toward the MAP

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NOTE: Since this is not a GPS approach, the pilot should be using the VLOC receiver, tuned to the correct VOR (TOP) for navigation.

With the needle centered, y toward the MAP,observing the altitude minimums dictated bythe approach plate. When viewing the mappage, you’ll note that the nal course segmentis displayed in magenta (the active leg of the

ight plan always appears in magenta) anda dashed line extends the course beyond theMAP.

11. As you approach the MAP, a waypoint alert(“ARRIVING WPT”) will appear in the lowerright corner. CDI scaling continues to tightenfrom 0.3 NM to 350 feet, full-scale deec-tion.

12. As you cross the MAP, “SUSP” will appearabove theOBSkey, indicating that automaticsequencing of approach waypoints will besuspended at the MAP. A “from” indicationwill be displayed on the CDI and default NAVpage, but course guidance along the nalapproach course will continue. Do NOT follow

this extended course. Follow published missedapproach procedures using theOBS key toinitiate the missed approach sequence.

5 - PROCEDURES

Vectors-To-Final Approach

Vectors to Final 4. Select “Load?” (or “Activate?”, if already on

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Vectors to Final

Let’s take a second look at the “VOR 22” approachinto Billard Municipal. Instead of following the DMEarc, ATC tells you to expect vectors onto the nalapproach course. There are several ways to select “vec-tors to nal” with the 400W-series unit. The rst twooptions below will normally require the least workloadto accomplish:

• When the approach is rst selected, choose “VEC-TORS” from the transitions window.

• Load a full approach — including the IAF from

the transitions window. When cleared, pressPROCand select “Activate Vectors-To-Final?”.

• Load the full approach. Use thedirect-to key (bypressing it twice) from the active ight plan pageto select the desired leg of the approach.

To select “VECTORS” from the transitions window:

1. Select Billard Municipal (KTOP) as your desti-nation, using thedirect-to key, or as the lastwaypoint in a ight plan.

2. Press thePROCkey and select the “VOR 22”approach.

3. From the transitions window, select “VEC-TORS”.

vectors-to-nal).To activate vectors-to-nal from the procedurespage:

1. Select Billard Municipal (KTOP) as your desti-

nation, using thedirect-to key or as the lastwaypoint in a ight plan.

2. Press thePROCkey and select the “VOR 22”approach.

3. From the transitions window, select “LEBVY”as the IAF. Also, select “Load?”.

4. When cleared, press thePROCkey and select

“Activate Vector-To-Final?”.

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5 - PROCEDURES

Course-From-Fix Legs

6. As the CDI needle centers, make any remain-ing course corrections to establish yourself onthe nal approach course. Vectors-To-Finalactivates the approach immediately and givesa 2° angular full scale deection all the way

to and beyond the FAF (up to 1 NM full-scaledeection).

8. As you cross the FAF, the destination sequencesto the MAP (“RW22”). With the needlecentered, y toward the MAP, observing thealtitude minimums dictated by the approachplate. CDI scaling continues to tighten to 350

feet, full-scale deection.9. As you approach the MAP, a waypoint alert

(“ARRIVE WPT”) appears in the lower right

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7. As you approach the FAF, a waypoint alertin the lower right corner (“RT TO 214° x S”)will appear. Make any course adjustmentsnecessary for the nal course segment (FAF toMAP).

corner.10. As you cross the MAP, “SUSP” appears

above theOBSkey, indicating that automaticsequencing of approach waypoints is sus-

pended at the MAP. A “from” indication isdisplayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page,but course guidance along the nal approachcourse continues. Do NOT follow this extendedcourse. Follow published missed approachprocedures using theOBSkey to initiate themissed approach sequence.

Course From Fix Flight Plan LegsCertain approach, departure, and arrival procedures

in the Jeppesen database containcourse from xightplan legs. The 400W-series is able to load these legsinto the ight plan along with the rest of the proceduredata, and to provide navigation along these legs.

There are three different types of course from x legs:TYPE 1: Course from x to distance, or Coursefrom x to DME distance

Course from x to distancelegs will appear in theight plan like normal waypoints, but the destinationname will always begin with a “D”, followed by a dis-tance in tenths of nautical miles from the waypoint x.This example uses the VOR/DME RWY 25approachinto Palmdale, California (KPMD) and includes ateardrop course reversal.

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5 - PROCEDURES


plate.8. As you approach the MAP, a waypoint alert

(“ARRIVING WPT”) will appear in the lowerright corner of the screen. The CDI will continueto tighten to ±350 feet full-scale deection.

9. As you cross the MAP, “SUSP” will appearabove theOBSkey, indicating that automaticsequencing of approach waypoints is sus-

2. Note that within a few seconds of pressingOBSto release suspend mode and start the

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q g pp yppended at the MAP. If a missed approach isrequired, use theOBSkey to initiate the missedapproach sequence, as outlined below.

TYPE 2: Course from x to altitude

Course from x to altitudelegs will show the specictarget altitude on the active ight plan and defaultNAV pages. The missed approach sequence for thePalmdale VOR/DME RWY 25 approach includes acourse from x to altitudeleg. In this instance, theleg corresponds to the initial phase of the missed

approach, which reads “Climb to 5000’ outbound viaPMD VOR R-282”.

1. After crossing the MAP, press theOBSkey. Themissed approach sequence is automaticallyoffered, starting with the course from x to alti-tude leg. The “DTK 282° NOW” alert appearsin the lower right corner of the screen. Followthe missed approach procedures, as published

on your approach plate, for proper climb andheading instructions.

OBSto release suspend mode and start theapproach sequence, “SUSP” re-appears abovethe OBSkey as the 400W-series unit returnsto suspend mode. This is normal when yinga course from x to altitude leg and indicatesthat automatic leg sequencing is suspended.NOTE: If there is a valid baro-corrected pressure altitude input, the SUSP is not annunciated and the leg sequences automatically when the altitude (5,000 ft) is reached.

3. Fly the outbound course keeping the CDI needlecentered. The map page will depict the ight

path extending indenitely from PMD VOR.


MISSED APPROACH:Palmdale (CA) USAF Plant 42 VOR/DME or GPS Rwy 25

MISSED APPROACH

Climb to5000’ outboundviaPMD

VOR R-282, then climbingRIGHT

turn to7000’ directPMDVORandhold.

5 - PROCEDURES


4 Upon reaching the desired altitude (5000’)

missed approach holding point. A waypointalert (“ARRIVING WPT”) appears in the lowerright corner of the screen each time youapproach PMD VOR in the holding pattern.

8. When leaving the holding pattern, press thePROCkey to reactivate the approach or selecta different approach, or pressdirect-to toselect another destination.

430W Only

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4. Upon reaching the desired altitude (5000 ),pressOBSto return to automatic leg sequenc-ing. Conrm that “SUSP” no longer appearsdirectly above theOBSkey.

5. An alert (“DTK 123° NOW”) will appearguiding you to the inbound course. The actualdesired track (DTK) will depend on your groundspeed and distance from PMD VOR. Interceptand y the inbound course, keeping the CDIneedle centered.

6. As you approach PMD VOR (the missedapproach holding point), an alert messagein the lower right hand corner of the screenwill recommend the holding pattern entryprocedure (“HOLD PARALLEL”). As you y theholding pattern, a timer appears on the defaultNAV page. The timer automatically resets oneach outbound and inbound portion of theholding pattern.

7. Note that the 400W-series unit again dis-plays “SUSP” above theOBS key. Automaticwaypoint sequencing is suspended at the

TYPE 3: Course from x to manual sequenceCourse from x to manual sequencelegs will appear

on the active ight plan and map pages with “man seq”in place of a waypoint identier. An example of thistype of course leg appears in the COASTAL ONE DE-PARTURE from Westeld, Massachusetts (BarnesMuni). The example leg corresponds to the departureleg from Barnes Municipal and appears as follows onthe active ight plan and default NAV pages:

DO NOT USEFOR NAVIGATION

COASTAL ONE DEPARTURE(CSTL1.CCC) DEPARTING BARNES MUNI,Fly assigned heading and altitudefor radar vectors to HFDVOR. Expect clearance torequested flight level 10minutes after departure. Fromover HFD VOR, proceed via the HFD R-143 toThumb Int,then via the HTO R-010 toYoder Int, then via the CCCR-057 to CCC VOR.Then via transitionor assignedroute.

5 - PROCEDURES

ILS Approach 430W Only

1. Select the departure (CSTL1) from the pro-cedures page. Then select the departurerunway (RW02, in this example) and transition(GEDIC).

4. Once theOBSkey is pressed, the 400W-seriesunit will automatically sequence to each

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2. As you depart the aireld, “NEXT DTK 026°”appears in the lower right corner of the screenand “SUSP” appears directly above theOBS key. You are now on the “course from x tomanual sequence” leg. The distance displayedon the active ight plan, default NAV and mappages is FROM the waypoint x (the departurerunway, in this example).

3. Fly the outbound course keeping the CDI needle

centered. Once you are cleared to sequence tothe next leg, press theOBSkey. Conrm that“SUSP” no longer appears directly above theOBS key. An alert (“NEXT DTK 183°”) willappear in the lower right corner of the screento guide you to the next waypoint (HFD VOR).The actual desired track (DTK) will depend onyour ground speed and distance from HFDVOR.

y qwaypoint along the remainder of the departureroute, including the selected transition.

ILS ApproachesPrecision approaches can be performed with the

GNS 430W’s built-in VLOC (VOR/localizer/glideslope)receivers. The GPS receiver can be used for guidanceprior to reaching the nal approach x, but oncethere, the proper frequency must be selected on the VLOC window (left side of screen) and the CDI outputset to “VLOC”.

The GNS 430W can be set to automatically switchthe external CDI output from GPS to VLOC as youintercept the nal approach course(if used with aKAP140/KFC225 autopilot, you will need to manuallyenable outputs). When the ILS approach is activated,the GNS 430W will automatically switch within 1.2nautical miles left or right of the nal approach course.This switch can take place anywhere from 2.0 to 15.0nautical miles from the FAF.

The illustration at right shows multiple locationsalong the approach path and which CDI selectionyou can expect: GPS or VLOC. Within the area of theshaded box, the automatic switch from GPS to VLOCshould occur.

NOTE: If you attempt to intercept the approach course at a distance less than 2.0 nautical miles from the FAF, the GNS 430W will not automatically switch the CDI to VLOC. In this case, press the CDI key to manually switch from GPS to VLOC.

5 - PROCEDURES

ILS Approach430W Only

The automatic switch from GPS to VLOC is notimmediate, but instead occurs gradually to preventabrupt CDI changes when coupled to an autopilot.The CDI selection can also be changed manually bypressing theCDIkey. Once the switch from GPS to

VLOC has occurred, either automatically or manu-ally, it will not automatically switch again until theapproach is reactivated or another approach isselected To prevent automatic ILS CDI selection

Selecting an ILS Approach

For this example, we’ll use a ight from LaughlinBullhead (Arizona) International to Flagstaff Pul-liam (KFLG) and select the ILS runway 21 approach.“SHUTR” intersection will be selected as the IAF,which will include an outbound leg and a procedureturn. Of course, vectors-to-nal could also be selected,as previously described for the non-precision approach

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selected. To prevent automatic ILS CDI selection,choose the “Manual” ILS CDI setting. (The factorydefault setting is “Auto”, which enables the automaticswitch to VLOC.)

2 N M

1 5 N M

1 .2 N M 1 .2 N M

M A N U A L

F A F

V L O C

V L O C

G P S

G P S

A u t o S w i t c h

t o V L O C

w i t h i n t h i s a r e a........

examples.1. Select Flagstaff Pulliam (KFLG) as your des-

tination, via thedirect-to key or as the lastwaypoint in a ight plan.

2. Press thePROCkey and select the “ILS 21”approach.

3. From the transitions window, select “SHUTR”as the IAF. Also, select “Load?” (or “Activate?”,if already cleared for the approach).

5 - PROCEDURES

Flagstaff (AZ) PulliamILS DME Rwy 21

Flying the ILS Approach When you“Activate?”an ILS approach, automatic

switching of the external CDI is enabled (unless turnedoff from the CDI/Alarms Page). When you are establishedon the inbound course to the FAF, the external CDI

guidance will automatically switch from “GPS” (shownin green text) to “VLOC” (shown in white text).If youhave forgotten to activate the ILS frequency(step #4 below),automatic selection of “VLOC” will not occur

ILS Approach 430W Only

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4. A reminder message appears, indicating thatGPS can only be used for approach monitor-ing. As mentioned, you will need to use the

VLOC receiver for this approach. PressENTtoacknowledge the message.

When you“Load?”(or“Activate?”) an ILS approach,the ILS frequency is automatically placed in the standby eld of the VLOC window. To use this frequency, simplypress the VLOC ip-opkey to place it in the activefrequency eld.

automatic selection of VLOC will not occur.1. Within 31 nautical miles of KFLG, the GNS

430W will switch from en route mode to termi-nal mode and the CDI scale will transition from

2.0 to 1.0 nautical miles, full scale deection.2. If you haven’t already activated the approach

(in steps on previous page), be sure to do sowhen cleared for the approach.

3. As you approach the IAF (SHUTR), a waypointalert (“LT TO 030° x S”) will appear in the lowerright corner of the screen.

4. If you haven’t already done so, press theVLOC

ip-op key to activate the ILS frequency. Ifyou forget this step, the GNS 430W will displaya reminder message (within 2 NM of the FAF)to activate the ILS frequency.

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12. Also as you approach SHUTR, a waypoint alert(“DTK 210° x S”) will appear in the lower rightcorner of the screen.

ILS Approach

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NOTE: From this point on, primary navigation is provided by the VLOC receiver. You may continue to use the GPS receiver for supplemental navigation guidance only. If automatic CDI switching is disabled (“Manual” selected), the reminder message “Select VLOC on CDI for approach” appears at 3.0 nautical miles prior to the FAF. In this instance, you must press CDI to manually switch CDI output to the VLOC receiver and continue the approach.

11. As you approach the FAF (SHUTR), “LNAV” willappear in the lower left corner of the screen—indicating a CDI scale transition from 1.0to 0.3 nautical miles, full scale deection. Thisscale transition applies only to the default NAVpage’s on-screen CDI, since the external CDIor HSI is now coupled to the VLOC receiver.

13. As you cross SHUTR, the destination sequencesto the MAP (“RW21”, the runway threshold).With the needle on the external CDI (or HSI)centered, y toward the MAP, observing thealtitude minimums dictated by the approachplate. (When viewing the map page, you’ll notethat the nal course segment is displayed inmagenta — the active leg of the ight planalways appears in magenta — and a dashedline extends the course beyond the MAP.)

14. As you approach the MAP, a waypoint alert(“ARRIVING WPT”) will appear in the lowerright corner.

5 - PROCEDURES

15. As you cross the MAP, “SUSP” will appearabove theOBSkey, indicating that automaticsequencing of approach waypoints will besuspended at the MAP.


NOTE: In addition to using the OBS key to initiate the missed approach sequence, you may wish

h CDIk ll i h l

LPV Approach

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As you cross the MAP, “SUSP” appearsabove the OBS key, indicating that auto-matic sequencing of approach waypoints issuspended at the MAP. A “FROM” indicationis displayed on the Default NAV Page, butcourse guidance along the final approachcourse continues. Do NOT follow this extendedcourse. Follow published missed approachprocedures using theOBSkey to initiate themissed approach sequence.

to press the CDI key to manually switch external CDI output to the GPS receiver. “GPS” will be indicated above the CDI key. If you leave the external CDI output on “VLOC” and are using an

external CDI (not an HSI), expect reverse sensing on the back course of the ILS.

Selecting an LPV ApproachFor this example, we’ll use a ight from Eugene

Oregon (KEUG) to Salem Oregon (KSLE) and selectthe RNAV runway 31 approach. “GLORR” intersectionis selected as the IAF. Of course, vectors-to-nal couldalso be selected, as previously described for the non-precision approach examples.

1. With Salem (KSLE) as your destination in youright plan, press thePROCkey and select the“RNAV 31 Z (GPS) ” approach.

2. From the transitions eld, select “GLORR” asthe IAF. Review and execute the modied ightplan. Go direct to GLORR when cleared “DirectGLORR” for the approach.

3. Press thePROCkey to display the Procedures

5 - PROCEDURES

page. With “Load?” highlighted pressENTtoload the approach into the ight plan.

f h h l d d h h

3. As the distance (DIST) to the IAF approacheszero, the message is replaced by a turn advi-sory that counts down 10 seconds prior to theturn.

4. As you approach the FAF (LOTKE), the 400W

Series unit will begin to automatically rescalein an angular fashion. This will allow the LPVapproach to be own in an identical fashionto a standard ILS. At 2.0 NM from the FAF, CDI

LPV Approach

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4. After the approach is loaded into the ightplan, you can view the approach waypoints.

5. Press thePROCkey to display the Procedurespage. With “Activate?” highlighted pressENT to activate the approach.

Flying the LPV Approach 1. Within 31 nautical miles of KSLE, the 400W

Series unit switches from en route mode toterminal mode and the CDI scale transitionsfrom 2.0 to 1.0 nautical miles, full scale deec-tion.

2. As you approach the IAF (GLORR), a waypointmessage (“LT TO 314° x S”) appears on thebottom of the screen.

scaling is tightened from 1.0 to the angular fullscale deection (typically the angular full-scaledeection is 2.0°, but will be as dened for the

approach.

5. Sixty seconds prior to reaching the FAF (LOTKE),the unit will check the required Horizontal AlarmLimit (HAL) and Vertical Alarm Limit (VAL) toensure the GPS position integrity is within limitsto complete the LPV precision approach. In theevent the HAL or VAL limits are exceeded, theapproach will be downgraded to a non-preci-

sion approach indicated by “LNAV” on themoving map, a message that the approach isdowngraded (“Approach downgraded - UseLNAV minima”), and the glideslope indicatorwill be agged. You may continue the approachusing LNAV non-precision minimums if thereare LNAV minimums for this approach. In therare event the GPS integrity cannot meet thenon-precision HAL limits, the unit will send amessage to the pilot to abort the approach(“Abort Approach - Loss of Navigation”). The

5 - PROCEDURES

LNAV/VNAV Approach

unit will revert to terminal limits to supportnavigation to the missed approach when themessage is acknowledged.

6. Capture the glideslope as you would an ILSglideslope.

7. As you cross LOTKE, the destination sequencesto the MAP (“RW31”, the runway threshold).With the needle on the external CDI (or HSI)centered, y toward the MAP, observing the

LNAV/VNAV and LNAV Approaches with Advi-sory Vertical Guidance

GPS approaches with vertical guidance may beeither LNAV/VNAV or LNAV approaches with advisoryvertical guidance. LNAV-only approaches with advi-

sory vertical guidance only have LNAV minima listedon the bottom of the approach plate. The glidepath istypically denoted by a light dashed line on the verticalprole (Jeppesen only) with an associated glidepath

l ( ll i h 3 00° ) Th h

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, y , galtitude minimums dictated by the approachplate.

8. When viewing the Map Page, you’ll note

that the nal course segment is displayedin magenta (the active leg of the ight planalways appears in magenta).

9. As you approach the MAP, a waypoint message(“DTK 312° x S”) appears on the bottom ofthe screen.

10. Once the unit crosses the MAP (dened as

the runway end waypoint), sequencing willbe suspended. Prepare the aircraft for missedapproach operation. Press theOBS key tosequence to the Missed Approach procedure.

11. Fly the guidance provided by the unit to theARTTY intersection and hold.

angle (usually in the 3.00° range). These approachesare indicated with “LNAV+V”.

For approaches with LNAV/VNAV minimums,

those will be controlling. For LNAV approaches withadvisory vertical guidance, the LNAV minimums willbe controlling. Approaches conrmed as LNAV/VNAVapproaches in the Jeppesen NavData are indicatedwith an L/VNAV annunciation. At the time of thispublication, not all of the LNAV/VNAV approacheshave been identied as such in the Jeppesen NavData,therefore some LNAV/VNAV approaches may still beidentied with LNAV+V annunciation.

NOTE: When ying LNAV approaches with advisory vertical guidance, the vertical guidance may be ignored and descent is accomplished in accordance with published step-down altitudes and MDA.

Points to Remember for All Approaches

• The GNS 400W-series unit is designed to comple-ment your printed approach plates and vastlyimprove situational awareness throughout theapproach. However, you must always y an approachas it appears on the approach plate.

• The active leg (or the portion of the approachcurrently in use) is depicted in magenta on theMap Page. As you y the approach, the 400W-series unit automatically sequences through eachleg of the approach unless “SUSP” appears abovetheOBSkey. “SUSP” indicates that automatic

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5 - PROCEDURES

• When flying a localizer-based approach(other than backcourse) with automatic CDIswitching enabled:

Enabling Autopilot Outputs for the KingKAP140/KFC225

Autopilot outputs for the King KAP140/KFC225autopilots are activated manually by the pilot afterbeing prompted during the approach procedure. Afterenabling outputs, the 400W-series unit will provideguidance information consistent with what the auto-pilot expects (i.e., angular CDI scaling and glideslopecapture for an LPV or other vertically guided GPS

Enabling Autopilot Outputs

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switching enabled:1. “GPS” guidance may be used while ying

outbound and on the initial portion of the

procedure turn.2. “VLOC” guidance is used on the remainder of

the approach from the time you turn inboundon the procedure turn.

3. The localizer frequency must be active to use“VLOC” guidance at the MAP. Press the CDIkey to switch back to GPS data when the

missed approach is initiated.• When ying a localizer-based approach with auto-

matic CDI switching disabled:

1. You may select “VLOC” guidance at any pointon the approach prior to reaching the FAF.

2. The localizer frequency must be active to use“VLOC” guidance.

approach.Conditions for autopilot outputs

1. The 400W-series unit must be configuredduring installation to interface with these auto-pilots and using “Prompt” for GPS Select.

2. Guidance to the FAF is active as indicated byApproach mode annunciation (LNAV, LNAV+V,L/VNAV, or LPV).

To enable autopilot outputs

1. Load and activate approach information asusual.2. When you are turned on course to the FAF

(Track and Desired Track are within 10°), amessage will prompt you to enable the auto-pilot outputs before using your autopilot foran approach.

3. PressPROC. Highlight “Enable A/P APR Out-puts?” with thelarge right knob, if necessary,and press ENT.

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6 - WPT PAGES

WPT Page Group

Section 6WPT Pages

WPT Page Group

The Waypoint (WPT) page group provides infor-

mation about the thousands of airports, VORs, NDBs,intersections, runways, frequencies, and proceduresstored on your Jeppesen NavData® card. A WPT pageis also provided to display information for up to 1,000user created waypoints

To quickly select a WPT page:

1. From any page, press and holdCLRto selectthe default NAV page. (You may skip this stepif you are already viewing any of the mainpages.)

2. Turn thelarge right knob to select the WPTpage group. “WPT” will appear in the lowerright corner of the screen.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desired

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user-created waypoints. WPT page.

NOTE: Please note that your 400W-series uses ICAO identiers for all airports. All U.S. airport identiers which contain only letters use the prex “K”. For example, Los Angeles International is KLAX under the ICAO standard.Other airports, such as Otten Memorial (3VS), that contain numbers in the identier, do not require the “K” prex.Many foreign countries use two letter prexes.

Airport Location Airport Runway Airport Frequency Airport Approach Airport Arrival Airport Departure

Intersection NDB VOR User Waypoint

NAV

7+ available pages(see Section 2)

WPT

10 available pages(see list below)

AUX


NRST


6 - WPT PAGES

The WPT page group includes ten pages. Whileviewing any WPT page, turn thesmall right knobto select a different WPT page. The rst six pagesprovide detailed information for the selected airport:location, runways, frequencies, approaches, arrivals,

and departures. The last four pages provide informa-tion for intersections, NDBs, VORs and user-createdwaypoints.

After a WPT page is selected, information for ai t b i d b t i th id ti (

To enter a waypoint facility name or city location:

1. Select the airport location page, NDB page orVOR page from the WPT page group.


3. Turn thelarge right knob to select the facilityname or location (city) eld.

4. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desiredcharacter.

Identier, Facility, Location or City

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waypoint may be viewed by entering the identier (orname) of the desired waypoint. Airports, NDBs and VORs may be selected by identier, facility name or

location (city).To enter a waypoint identier:

1. Select the desired WPT page and press thesmall right knob to activate the cursor.

2. Turn thesmall right knob to select the rstcharacter of the waypoint’s identier.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to select the nextcharacter eld.4. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desired

character.5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the identier is

selected, then pressENT.6. To remove the ashing cursor, press thesmall

right knob.

5. Turn thelarge right knob to select the nextcharacter eld.

6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until the facility name orlocation is selected, then pressENT.

7. To remove the ashing cursor, press thesmallright knob.

6 - WPT PAGES

Duplicate Waypoints

Duplicate Waypoints

Once the identier, facility name or location isentered, all six airport pages will display informa-tion for the selected airport. As you enter an iden-tier, facility name or location, the 400W-seriesSpell’N’Find™ feature will scroll through the database,displaying those waypoints matching the charactersyou have entered to that point. If duplicate entriesexist for the entered facility name or location, addi-i l i b i d b i i

4. PressENTto select the desired facility nameor location.

5. To remove the ashing cursor, press thesmall

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tional entries may be viewed by continuing to turnthesmall right knob during the selection process.If duplicate entries exist for an entered identier, aduplicate waypoint pagewill appear once you select theidentier (by pressingENT).

To select a facility name or location, where dupli-cate entries exist:

1. Select the desired facility name or location.2. As you spell the facility name or location,

using thesmall and large right knobs, the400W-series Spell’N’Find feature will selectthe rst entry in the database based upon thecharacters you have entered up to that point.

3. Continue turning thesmall right knob toscroll through any additional database listingsfor the selected facility name or location. Youcan scroll backwards with thesmall right

knob if you scroll past the desired facility nameor location.


To select a waypoint identier from a list of

duplicates:1. Select the desired airport or navaid identier.2. A duplicate waypoints window will appear.

Turn thelarge right knob to select the desiredwaypoint and pressENT.


6 - WPT PAGES

Airport Location

Airport Location Page

Theairport location pagedisplays the latitude, lon-gitude, and elevation of the selected airport. Theair- port location pagealso displays facility name and loca-tion, as well as fuel availability, available approaches,radar coverage and airspace type.

Facility Name andLocation (city)

(“HEL”), or VFR

• Radar— Radar coverage: Yes or No• Airspace— Control environment: CTA, TMA,

TRSA, Class B, Class C, Class D, ornone

Airport Location Page Options Select Next FPL Apt?Selecting the Next Airport page menu optionallows you to display the next waypoint in the

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First Pagein WPT group

Best Available Approach andRadar Coverage

Field Elevation, Available Fuels and

Airspace Type

The following descriptions and abbreviations areused:

• Type— Usage type: Public, Military, Heliport,or Private

• Position— Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutesor degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRSor UTM/UPS

• Elevation— In feet or meters

• Fuel— For public-use airports, the avail-able fuel type(s) are: Avgas (80-87/100LL/100-130/Mogas), Jet, orNone

• Approach— Best available approach: ILS,MLS, LOC, LDA, SDF, GPS, VOR,RNAV (“RNV”), LORAN (“LOR”),NDB, TACAN (“TCN”), Helicopter

allows you to display the next waypoint in theight plan and activates it for editing.To select the next FPL airport from the Airport

Location Page:1. PressMENUto display the Airport LocationPage Options.

2. Turn thesmall or large right knob to high-light “Select Next FPL Apt? and then pressENT.

Select Destination Apt?Selecting the Destination Airport page menu optionallows you to display the Destination waypoint inthe ight plan.To select the Destination airport from the AirportApproach Page:1. PressMENUto display the Airport Approach

Page Options.2. Turn thesmall or large right knob to high-

light “Select Destination Apt? and then pressENT.

6 - WPT PAGES

Airport Runway

Airport Runway Page

Theairport runway pagedisplays runway designa-tions, length, surface type and lighting for the selectedairport. A map image of the runway layout and sur-rounding area is also displayed on theairport runway page. The map image scale appears in the lower leftcorner and is adjustable using theRNGkey. Forairports with multiple runways, information for eachrunway is available.

4. Continue turning thesmall right knob toselect the desired runway.

5. Press ENT to display information for the

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Second Pagein WPT group

Runway Surfaceand Lighting

Runway Lengthand Width

To display information for each additionalrunway:


2. Turn thelarge right knob to place the cursor

on the runway designation eld.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to display a windowlisting all runways for the selected airport.

selected runway on the airport runway page.


To adjust the scale of the map image:1. Press the down arrow side of theRNGkey to

display a smaller map area.2. Press the up arrow side of theRNG key to

display a larger map area.

6 - WPT PAGES

Airport Frequencies

The following descriptions and abbreviations areused on the airport runway page:

Frequency

Airport Identier,Symbol and Type

Frequency Type

Scroll Bar

Usage RestrictionsInformation

Airport Frequency Page

Theairport frequency pagedisplays radio frequen-cies and frequency types for the selected airport, aswell as sector and altitude restrictions (where appli-cable). If the selected airport has a localizer-basedapproach, the localizer frequency(s) is also listed ontheairport frequency page. Theairport frequency page may be used to quickly select and tune a COM or VLOC frequency.

To scroll through the frequency list and tune to a

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Third Pagein WPT group

• Type— Usage type: Public, Military, Heli-port, or Private

• Surface— Runway surface types include: Hard,Turf, Sealed, Gravel, Dirt, Soft,Unknown or Water

• Lighting— Runway lighting types include:

No Lights, Part Time, Full Time,Unknown or Frequency (for pilot-controlled lighting)

Airport Runway Page Options

Select Next FPL Apt?

As described earlier in this section.

Select Destination Apt?


To scroll through the frequency list and tune to adesired frequency on the list:


2. Turn thelarge right knob to scroll through thelist, placing the cursor on the desired frequency.If there are more frequencies in the list than canbe displayed on the screen, a scroll bar alongthe right-hand side of the screen will indicatewhere you are within the list.

3. Press ENT to place the selected frequencyin the standby field of the COM or VLOCwindow.

6 - WPT PAGES

Airport Frequencies


Some listed frequencies may include designationsfor limited usage, as follows:

“TX” - transmit only“RX” - receive only“PT” - part time frequency

If a listed frequency has sector or altitude restric-tions, the frequency will be preceded by an “Info?”

The following descriptions and abbreviations areused on the airport frequency page:

• Type— Usage type: Public, Military,Heliport, or Private

• Frequency— Communication frequencieswhich may include restric-tions:

Approach Arrival Class B

Class C CTA Departure

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designation.To view usage restrictions for a frequency:

1. Turn thelarge right knob to place the cursoron the “Info?” designation directly to the leftof the desired frequency.

2. PressENTto display the restriction informa-tion.

3. To return to the airport frequency page, pressENT.

pTMA Terminal TRSA

Communication frequencies without restrictions:ATIS ASOS AWOS

Center Clearance GateControl Ground Helicopter

Multicom Pre-taxi Radar

Ramp Other TowerUnicom

Navigation frequencies:ILS LOC

6 - WPT PAGES

Airport Approaches

Airport Frequency Page Options





Airport Approach PageIdentier, Symbol

and Type Approach

Procedure NameWAAS

approachID

2. Turn thelarge right knob to place the cursoron the approach (APR) procedure name eld.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to display a windowof available approaches for the selected airport

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Map ImageFourth Page inWPT Group

Transitions: IAFs,Feeder Routes andVectors-to-Final

WAAS service level

Theairport approach pageshows the availableapproach procedures for the selected airport. Wheremultiple initial approach xes (IAFs) and feeder routesare available, that information may also be displayed. A map image provides a layout diagram for eachapproach and transition.

If a WAAS approach has been selected, the WAASapproach ID is displayed in the top left corner of themap. The approach service level is shown in the lowerright corner of the map. Service level annunciationsavailable are: LPV, L/VNAV, LNAV+V, or LNAV.

To scroll through the available approaches andtransitions:


of available approaches for the selected airport.Continue turning thesmall right knob toselect the desired approach.

4. PressENT. The cursor moves to the transitions(TRANS) eld.5. Turn thesmall right knob to display a window

of available transitions. Continue turningthe small right knob to select the desiredtransition or select “VECTORS” for guidanceonly along the nal course segment of the

approach.

6. PressENT. To remove the ashing cursor, pressthe small right knob.

6 - WPT PAGES

Airport Approaches

NOTE: Not all approaches in the database are approved for GPS use. As you select an approach,a “ G P S ” designation to the right of the procedure name indicates the procedure can be own using the GPS receiver. Some procedures will not have this designation, meaning the GPS receiver

may be used for supplemental navigation guidance only. ILS approaches, for example, must be own by tuning the VLOC receiver to the proper frequency and coupling the VLOC receiver to the external CDI (or HSI).

4. The active ight plan page will appear. PressFPLto return to the airport procedures page.

Load and Activate?allows you to load theselected approach into the active ight plan and

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Airport Approach Page Options

The following options are available for the airportapproach page, by pressing theMENUkey:

Load into Active FPL?allows you to load theselected approach into the active ight plan—with-out activating it. This performs the same operationas selecting “Load?” from the procedures page “Select Approach?” option.

To load an approach from the airport approachpage:1. Select the desired approach and transition

using the steps outlined in Section 5.

2. PressMENUto display the airport approachpage options.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “Loadinto Active FPL?” and pressENT.

selected approach into the active ight plan andactivate navigation guidance to the approachtransition.

To load and activate an approach from the airportapproach page, follow the steps above, but select“Load and Activate?” in step #3.

Select Approach Chnl?allows you to select thechannel number for a WAAS approach for thecurrent destination. The channel number for the

WAAS approach is available from an approvedapproach chart.

If duplicate numbers are available for a channel,a list will be available where you may select thedesired approach.

After selecting “Select Approach Chnl?”,choose the WAAS channel number for the

current destination.

6 - WPT PAGES

After selecting the Approach Channel, the WAASapproach ID will be shown in the top left corner of the map display.To select an approach channel from the AirportApproach Page:

1. PressMENUto display the Airport ApproachPage Options.2. Turn thesmallorlarge right knob to highlight

“Select Approach Chnl? and then pressENT.3. Turn thesmall right knob to change values

Airport Arrival Page

The airport arrival page shows the available AirportStandard Terminal Arrival (STAR) procedures forthe selected airport. Where multiple transitions orrunways are associated with the arrival procedure,that information may also be displayed. A map imageprovides a layout diagram for each arrival, transitionand runway.

Arrival

Airport Arrivals

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and the large right knob to move the cursor.After selecting the WAAS approach channel,

pressENT.4. Select the desired transition and pressENT.

Select Next FPL Apt? As described earlier in this section.

Select Destination Apt? As described earlier in this section.

ArrivalProcedure Name

Fifth Pagein WPT group

Transitions

Runways Associatedwith Arrival

To scroll through the available arrivals:


2. Turnthe large right knob to place the cursoron the arrival procedure name eld.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to display a windowof available arrivals for the selected airport.Continue turning thesmall right knob to

select the desired arrival.

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Airport Departure Page

2. Turn thelarge right knob to place the cursoron the departure (DEP) procedure name eld.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to display a windowof available departures for the selected airport.

6. PressENT. The cursor moves to the transitions(TRANS) eld.

7. Turn thesmall right knob to display a windowof available transitions. Continue turning thesmall right knob to select the desired transi-

tion.8. PressENT. To remove the ashing cursor, press

the small right knob.

Airport Departure Page Options

The following options are available for theairport

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Continue turning thesmall right knob toselect the desired departure.

4. PressENT. The cursor moves to the runwayeld.5. Turn thesmall right knob to display a window

of available runways. Continue turning thesmall right knob to select the desired runway.(“ALL” may appear in the runway eld, indi-cating the departure procedure applies to allrunways. For airports with parallel runways,“B” may appear at the end of the runway des-ignation to indicate the departure procedureapplies to both runways.)

The following options are available for theairportdeparture page, by pressing theMENUkey:

Load into Active FPL?






6 - WPT PAGES

IntersectionsIntersection Page

Theintersection pagedisplays the latitude, longi-tude, region and country for the selected intersection.Theintersection pagealso displays the identier, radialand distance from the nearest VOR, VORTAC or VOR/

DME. Intersections may only be selected by identier.There are no Intersection page options.

Nearest VORand Symbol

Radial andDistance fromNearest VOR

NDB Page

TheNDB pagedisplays the facility name, city,region/country, latitude and longitude for the selectedNDB. TheNDB pagealso displays the frequency anda weather broadcast indication (if applicable). NDBs

may be selected by identier, facility name or location(city). There are no NDB page options.

Facility Name,City and Region/

NDB Identierand Symbol

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IntersectionIdentier and Symbol

Region/Country

Seventh Pagein WPT group

Latitude/LongitudePosition


• Position— Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutesor degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRSor UTM/UPS

• RAD— Radial from nearest VOR in degreesmagnetic or degrees true (dependingupon unit conguration)

• DIS— Distance from nearest VOR, in nauti-cal miles/statute miles/kilometers(depending upon unit conguration)

NOTE: The VOR displayed on the intersection

page is the nearest VOR, not necessarily the VOR used to dene the intersection.

y gCountry

Eighth Pagein WPT groupLatitude/Longitude

Position

Frequency andWeather Broad-cast Indication

The following descriptions and abbreviations areused:• Symbol— See Section 2 Nav Pages- Map Page

for a graphic illustration of availableNDB symbols

• Position— Latitude/Longitude(degrees/minutes or degrees/ minutes/seconds), MGRS orUTM/UPS

• FREQ— Frequency in kilohertz (kHz)

• Wx Brdcst— Weather information isbroadcast on the selectedfacility’s frequency

6 - WPT PAGES

VORsVOR Page

TheVOR pagedisplays the facility name, city,region/country, magnetic variation, latitude and longi-tude for the selected VOR. TheVOR pagealso displaysthe frequency and a weather broadcast indication (if applicable). There are no VOR page options.

MagneticVariation

Facility Name

To select a VOR frequency from the VOR page:

1. Select the VOR page from the WPT pagegroup.

2. Press thesmall right knob momentarily toplace the cursor on the VOR identier eld. If

you wish to select another VOR, use thesmall and large right knobs and pressENTwhennished.

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Frequencyand WeatherBroadcastIndication

Facility Name,City, and Region/

Country


• Symbol— See Section 2 Nav Pages - Map Pagefor a graphic illustration of available VOR symbols

• VAR— Magnetic variation in degrees• Position— Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes

or degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRSor UTM/UPS

• FREQ— Frequency in megahertz (MHz)• Wx Brdcst— Weather information is broadcast

on the selected facility’s frequency As mentioned in the beginning of Section 6, VORs

may be selected by identier, facility name or location(city). TheVOR pagemay also be used to quickly tunethe VLOC receiver to the selected VOR’s frequency.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight thefrequency eld and pressENTto place thefrequency in the standby eld of the VLOCwindow.

4. To activate the standby VLOC frequency, press

the VLOC ip-opkey.

6 - WPT PAGES

User WaypointsUser Waypoint Page

In addition to the airport, VOR, NDB and intersec-tion information contained in your Jeppesen NavData® card, the 400W-series units allow you to store up to1,000 user-defined waypoints. The user waypoint

page displays the waypoint name (up to five charac-ters long), identifier and radial from two referencewaypoints, distance from one reference waypoint, alongwith the user waypoint’s latitude/longitude position.


Creating User Waypoints

User waypoints may be created from theuserwaypoint pageor themap page. To create a new userwaypoint, simply enter its name (identier) andposition, or reference another waypoint by radial and

distance.To create a new user waypoint by entering itslatitude/longitude position:

1. With the user waypoint page displayed, pressthe small right knob to activate the cursor.

h ll d l h k b

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Tenth Pagein WPT group

Create/Modify Action Field

The following descriptions and abbreviationsappear on theuser waypoint page:

• REF WPT— Reference waypoint identier(name)

• RAD— Radial from reference waypoint, indegrees magnetic or degrees true(depending upon unit conguration)

• DIS— Distance from reference waypoint, innautical miles/statute miles/kilome-ters (depending upon unit congura-tion)

• Position— Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutesor degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS

or UTM/UPSUser waypoints may only be selected by name (iden-

tier), as describedin the beginning of Section 6.

2. Use thesmall and large right knobs to entera name for the new waypoint and pressENT.Your present position appears in the positioneld at the bottom of the page. To create awaypoint at your present position, turn thelarge right knob to highlight “Create?” andskip to step #6.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight theposition eld at the bottom of the page.

4. Use the small and large right knobs to

enter the position coordinates for the newwaypoint.

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Creating User Waypointswaypoints which are generated from other equipment in your panel. For example, an EFIS equipped with joystick inputs can be used to create user waypoints which will (if your installation supports this) automatically transfer to your 400W-series unit.

Creating User Waypoints from the Map PageThemap pageand panning target pointer provide a

quick means of saving your present position as a user-dened waypoint.

To capture and save your present position as auser waypoint:

4. The cursor moves to the “Create?” action eld.PressENTto save the new waypoint.

Modifying User WaypointsTo modify an existing waypoint, select that

waypoint on the user waypoint page and enter the new

position information directly over the old information.To modify a user waypoint by changing its lati-tude/longitude position:


2 Use thesmall and large right knobs to enter

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user waypoint:1. With the map page displayed, press thesmall

right knob to activate the panning function.The target pointer will appear at your presentposition.

2. PressENTto capture the position and displaythe user waypoint page.

3. A four-digit name is automatically assigned tothe waypoint. To change this name, turn thelarge right knob to highlight the name eld,

then use thesmall and large right knobs toselect a new name. PressENTto accept theselected name.

2. Use thesmall and large right knobs to enterthe name of the desired waypoint and press

ENT.3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

position eld at the bottom of the page.4. Use thesmall and large right knobs to enter

the new position coordinates and pressENT to accept the selected position.

5. The cursor moves to the “Modify?” action eld.

PressENTto modify the waypoint.6. Press the small right knob to remove the

ashing cursor.To modify a user waypoint by changing referencewaypoint information:


2. Use thesmallandlarge rightknobs to enter thename of the desired waypoint and pressENT.

6 - WPT PAGES

Modifying User Waypoints3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

rst reference waypoint (REF WPT) eld, ifyou wish to change the reference waypoint.Otherwise, continue turning thelarge rightknob to highlight the radial (RAD) or distance(DIS) eld, as desired.

4. Use the small and large right knobs tochange the identier — if desired — of thereference waypoint. The reference waypointcan be an airport, VOR, NDB, intersection oranother user waypoint. PressENTto acceptthe selected identier

7. The cursor moves to the “Modify?” action eld.PressENTto modify the waypoint.

8. Press the small right knob to remove theashing cursor.NOTE:If you attempt to modify or delete a

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the selected identier.

5. The cursor moves to the radial (RAD) eld. Use

the small and large right knobs to changethe radial from the reference waypoint, ifdesired. PressENT to accept the selectedradial.

6. The cursor moves to the distance (DIS) eld. Usethe small and large right knobs to changethe distance from the reference waypoint tothe new user waypoint, if desired. PressENT to accept the selected distance.

NOTE: If you attempt to modify or delete a waypoint which is currently a direct-to waypoint

or the current “from” or “to” waypoint in the active ight plan, the 400W-series unit will alert you with the “Can’t change an active waypoint” or “Waypoint is active and can’t be deleted” message. You must rst cancel the direct-to or remove the waypoint(s) from the active ight plan before modifying or deleting the waypoint(s).

User Waypoint Page OptionsThe followinguser waypoint pageoptions are avail-

able by pressing theMENUkey: View User Waypoint List?displays a list of alluser waypoints currently stored in memory.To view a list of all user waypoints:1. From the user waypoint page, pressMENUto

display the user waypoint page options.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “View

User Waypoint List?” and pressENT.

6 - WPT PAGES

User Waypoint Page Options3. The top of the user waypoint list will indicate

the total number of user waypoints currentlyused and available memory. If more userwaypoints are stored than can be displayedon a single screen, turn thelarge right knobto scroll through the user waypoint list.

User Waypoint ListThe user waypoint list allows you to review,

modify, rename or delete a selected user waypoint,or to delete all user waypoints currently stored inmemory. The top of the page shows the number of

waypoints used and available memory.

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4. Press thesmall right knob to return to theuser waypoint page.

Delete User Waypoint?allows you to delete theselected waypoint from memory.To delete a user waypoint:1. Select the desired waypoint on the user

waypoint page and pressMENUto display

the user waypoint page options.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “Delete

User Waypoint?” and pressENT.

Crossll?allows you to transfer a user waypointto another 400W/500W series unit (if installed).

To review and/or modify a user waypoint from theuser waypoint list:

1. Select the user waypoint list, as described inthe User Waypoint Options.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight thedesired user waypoint.

3. PressENTto display the user waypoint page forthe selected waypoint. From this page you mayreview all information dening the waypointand its position.

4. To modify the waypoint’s position or refer-ence waypoint information, follow the stepsdescribed “Modifying User Waypoints.” (Keepin mind that you’ve already selected a userwaypoint page which displays the desired userwaypoint, so you may skip the rst two stepsof the procedure.)

5. To exit the user waypoint page, turn thelargeright knob to highlight “Done?” and pressENT.

6 - WPT PAGES

User Waypoint Page OptionsTo rename a user waypoint from the userwaypoint list:

1. Select the user waypoint list.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

desired user waypoint.

3. Use the small and large right knobs tochange the name of the user waypoint. (Enterthe new name directly over the old name.)PressENTto accept the new name.

To delete a user waypoint from the user waypointlist:

1. Select the user waypoint list.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

desired user waypoint.

3. Press CLRto display a “delete waypoint”conrmation window.

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4. A “rename waypoint” conrmation window isdisplayed. With “Yes?” highlighted, pressENT to rename the selected user waypoint.

4. With “Yes?” highlighted, pressENTto deletethe selected user waypoint.

To delete all user waypoints from memory:

1. Select the user waypoint list.2. PressMENUto display an options window for

the user waypoint list.3. With “Delete All User Waypoints” highlighted,

pressENT.4. A “delete all waypoints” conrmation window

is displayed. With “Yes?” highlighted, pressENT to delete all user waypoints frommemory.

7 - NRST PAGES

NRST Page Group

Section 7NRST Pages

NRST Page Group

Section 2 introduced the 400W-series main pagegroups—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and describedeach page in the NAV group. This fourth page group(NRST) provides detailed information for the 25nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and userwaypoints within 200 NM of your current position.In addition, the NRST pages include the ve nearestFlight Service Station (FSS) and center (ARTCC/FIR)

To quickly select a NRST page:1. In the GPS 400W and GNC 420W, press the

NRSTkey. From any page in the GNS 430W,press and holdCLRto select the default NAVpage. (You may skip this step if you are alreadyviewing any of the main pages. See Section 2 )

2. Turn thelarge right knob to select the NRSTpage group. “NRST” will appear in the lowerright corner of the screen.

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g t Se v ce Stat o ( SS) a d ce te ( CC/ )points of communication, plus alerts you to anySpecial Use (SUA) or Controlled Airspace you may bein or near.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desiredNRST page.

Nearest Airport Nearest Intersection Nearest NDB Nearest VOR Nearest User Nearest Center

Nearest Flight Service Nearest Airspace

NAV

7+ available pages(see Section 2)

WPT


AUX


NRST


7 - NRST PAGES

NRST Pages / ScrollingNot all 25 nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, inter-

sections or user waypoints can be displayed on thecorresponding NRST page at one time. Thenearestairport pagedisplays detailed information for threenearest airports, with a scroll bar along the right-hand

side of the page indicating which part of the list is cur-rently being viewed. Thenearest airspace pagedisplaysdetailed information for up to three special use orcontrolled airspace alerts. The NRST pages for VORs,NDBs, intersections, and user waypoints will displayve waypoints at a time. The ashing cursor andlargeright knob are used to scroll and view the rest of the

To scroll through the list of nearest ight servicestation or center points of communication:

1. Select the desired NRST page.2. Press the small right knob to activate the

cursor.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to scroll throughthe list.

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right knob are used to scroll and view the rest of the

waypoints or airspaces in the list.To scroll through the list of nearest airports, VORs,NDBs, intersections, user waypoints or SUAs:

1. Select the desired NRST page.2. Press thesmall right knob to activate the

cursor.3. Turn thelarge right knob to scroll through the

list. The scroll bar along the right-hand side ofthe page will indicate which part of the list iscurrently being viewed.

4. Press thesmall right knob to remove theashing cursor.

The nearest ARTCC and nearest FSS pages pres-ent detailed information for up to ve nearby facili-

ties—displaying only one facility at a time. Again, theadditional information is viewed using the ashingcursor andsmall right knob to scroll through the list.

4. Press the small right knob to remove theashing cursor.

7 - NRST PAGES

Nearest AirportsNavigating to a Nearby Waypoint

The NRST pages can be used in conjunction withthe direct-to function to quickly set a course to anearby facility. This feature can be a real time savercompared to retrieving information from the database

using the WPT pages. More importantly, it instantlyprovides navigation to the nearest airport in case of anin-ight emergency.

To select a nearby airport, VOR, NDB, intersection or userwaypoint as a direct-to destination:

1. Use the ashing cursor to scroll through a NRSTli d hi hli h h d i d

Nearest Airport PageThenearest airport pagedisplays the identier,

symbol, bearing and distance to the 25 nearest airports(within 200 nautical miles of your present position).For each airport listed, thenearest airport pagealso

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page list and highlight the desired nearest

waypoint.

2. Pressdirect-to to display the select direct-towaypoint page.

3. PressENTto accept the selected waypoint’sidentier and pressENTa second time (with“Activate?” highlighted) to begin navigatingto the selected waypoint.

p , p p gindicates the best available approach, common traf-c advisory frequency (CTAF) and the length of thelongest runway.

Best Available Approach

Airport Identier,Symbol, Bearing To

and Distance To

First Pagein NRST group

Tower or CTAFFrequency and

Longest Runway

Scroll Bar

Thenearest airport pagecan be congured toexclude shorter runways or undesirable runway

surface types, so that the corresponding airports donot appear on the list. You may wish to use this featureto exclude seaplane bases or runway lengths whichwould be difcult or impossible to land upon. See Sec9 - Nearest Airport Criteria for additional details.

Thenearest airport pagemay be used to quicklytune the COM transceiver to a nearby airport. The

selected frequency is placed in the standby eld of theCOM window and activated using theCOM ip-op key.

7 - NRST PAGES

Nearest AirportsTo quickly tune the common trafc advisory frequency(CTAF) from the nearest airport page:

1. Select the nearest airport page.2. Press thesmall right knob to activate the

cursor.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to scroll through thelist, highlighting the COM frequency associatedwith the desired airport.

Additional communication frequencies, runwayinformation and more is available from thenearestairport pageby highlighting the identier of the desiredairport and pressingENT.

To view additional information for a nearbyairport:

1. Select the nearest airport page.2. Press the small right knob to activate the

cursor.3. Turn thelarge right knob to scroll through

the list, highlighting the identier of the desiredi t

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4. PressENTto place the selected frequency inthe standby eld of the COM window.

5. Press theCOM ip-op key to activate theselected frequency.


airport.

4. PressENTto display the airport location pagefor the selected airport.

5. To view additional WPT pages for the selectedairport (including the airport runway andairport frequency pages) press the small rightknob to remove the ashing cursor. Turn thesmall right knob to display the additionalWPT pages. When nished, press thesmall

right knob to return the ashing cursor to thescreen.

7 - NRST PAGES

VORs, NDBs and Intersections

6. To return to the nearest airport page, verify that“Done?” is highlighted by the ashing cursorand pressENT(or pressCLR).

Nearest Intersection PageThenearest intersection pagedisplays the identier,b l b i d di h 25 i

Nearest VOR PageThe nearest VOR page displays the identier,

symbol, bearing and distance to the 25 nearest VORs(within 200 nautical miles of your present position).For each VOR listed, the nearest VOR page also indi-cates the frequency and may be used to quickly tunethe VLOC receiver to the nearby VOR. The selectedfrequency is placed in the standby eld of the VLOCwindow and activated using the VLOC ip-opkey.

VOR Frequency

Scroll Bar

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symbol, bearing and distance to the 25 nearest inter-sections (within 200 nautical miles of your presentposition).

To view additional information for a nearby inter-section, start from the nearest intersection pageand follow steps 2 through 4 above.

Nearest NDB PageThenearest NDB pagedisplays the identier,

symbol, bearing, distance and frequency to the 25nearest NDBs (within 200 nautical miles of your pres-ent position).

To view additional information for a nearby NDB,start from the nearest NDB page and follow steps2 through 4 above.

Fourth Pagein NRST groupBearing To and

Distance To

Scroll Bar

To quickly tune a VOR’s frequency from the near-

est VOR page:1. Select the nearest VOR page.2. Press the small right knob to activate the


the list, highlighting the frequency associatedwith the desired VOR.

7 - NRST PAGES

Nearest ARTCC4. PressENTto place the selected frequency in

the standby eld of the VLOC window.

5. Press theVLOC ip-opkey to activate theselected frequency.

6. Press thesmall right knob to remove theashing cursor

Nearest User Waypoint Page

Thenearest user waypoint pagedisplays the name,bearing and distance to the 25 nearest user waypoints(within 200 nautical miles of your present position).Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page

Thenearest center pagedisplays the facility name,bearing to and distance to the ve nearest ARTCCpoints of communication (within 200 nautical milesof your present position). For each ARTCC listed, thenearest center pagealso indicates the frequency(s) andmay be used to quickly tune the COM transceiver tothe center’s frequency The selected frequency is placed

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ashing cursor.To view additional information for a nearby VOR:

1. Select the nearest VOR page.2. Press thesmall right knob to activate the


the list, highlighting the identier of the desired

VOR.4. Press ENTto display the VOR page for the

selected VOR.

5. To return to the nearest VOR page, verify that“Done?” is highlighted by the ashing cursorand pressENT(or pressCLR).

6. Press thesmall right knob to remove theflashing cursor.

the center’s frequency. The selected frequency is placedin the standby eld of the COM window and activatedusing theCOM ip-opkey.

ARTCC Name

Sixth Pagein NRST group

Frequency(s)

Bearing To andDistance To

7 - NRST PAGES

Nearest FSSTo quickly tune an ARTCC’s frequency from thenearest center page:

1. Select the nearest center page.2. Press thesmall right knob to activate the

cursor.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to scroll throughthe list, selecting the desired ARTCC.

Nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) Page

The nearest ight service station page displays thefacility name, bearing to and distance to the ve near-est FSS points of communication (within 200 nauticalmiles of your present position). For each FSS listed,

the nearest ight service station page also indicatesthe frequency(s) and may be used to quickly tune theCOM transceiver to the FSS’s frequency. The selectedfrequency is placed in the standby eld of the COMwindow and activated using theCOM ip-opkey.

FSS Name

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4. Turn thelarge right knob to scroll down thepage, highlighting the desired frequency.




Page locationin NRST group

Frequency(s)

Bearing To andDistance To

VOR Identier(for duplexoperation)

For duplex operations, “RX” and “TX” indicationswill appear beside the listed frequencies—indicat-ing “receive only” or “transmit only” frequencies. Theassociated VOR is also provided for reference.

7 - NRST PAGES

Nearest AirspacesTo quickly tune an FSS’s frequency from the near-est ight service station page:1. Select the nearest ight service station page

and press thesmall right knob to activate thecursor.

2. Turn thesmall right knob to scroll throughthe list, selecting the desired FSS.

Nearest Airspace Page

The last page in the NRST group, thenearest air-space page, will alert you to as many as nine controlledor special use airspaces near or in your ight path. Alerts are provided according to the following condi-

tions:• If your projected course will take you inside an

airspace within the next ten minutes, the alertmessage “ Airspace ahead -- less than 10 min-utes” will appear. Thenearest airspace pagewillshow the airspace as“Ahead”.

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3. Turn thelarge right knob to scroll downthe page, highlighting the desired frequency(COM frequency[s] or VOR frequency for duplexoperation).

4. PressENTto place the selected frequency in thestandby eld of the COM or VLOC window.

5. Press theCOM ip-op or VLOC ip-op key, as appropriate, to activate the selected

frequency.6. Press thesmall right knob to remove the

ashing cursor.

• If you are within two nautical miles of an airspace

and your current course will take you inside, themessage “ Airspace near and ahead” will appear.Thenearest airspace pagewill show“Within 2nmof airspace”.

• If you are within two nautical miles of an airspaceand your current course willnot take you inside,the message “Near airspace less than 2nm” will

appear. Thenearest airspace pagewill show theairspace as“Ahead < 2nm”.

• If you have entered an airspace, the message“Inside Airspace” will appear. Thenearest air-space pagewill show“Inside of airspace”.

7 - NRST PAGES

Nearest Airspaces

Note that the airspace alerts are based on three-dimensional data (latitude, longitude and altitude) toavoid nuisance alerts. The alert boundaries for con-trolled airspace are also sectorized to provide completeinformation on any nearby airspace. Once one of thedescribed conditions exists, the message annunciator

space page, additional details will be provided—includ-ing controlling agency, communication frequenciesand oor/ceiling limits.

To view additional details for an airspace listedon the nearest airspace page:

1. Select the nearest airspace page.

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described conditions exists, the message annunciator

will ash, alerting you of an airspace message.To view an airspace alert message:

Airspace NameEighth Page

in NRST group

Status andTime to Entry

1. When the message annunciator above theMSGkey ashes, pressMSG.

2. Press MSG again to return to the previouspage.

Once you have been provided an airspace alertmessage, detailed information concerning the specicairspace is provided on thenearest airspace page. Thenearest airspace pagedisplays the airspace name, status(“Ahead”, “Ahead < 2nm”, etc. as described on the

previous page), and a time to entry (if applicable). Byselecting any airspace name listed on thenearest air-


3. Turn thelarge right knob to scroll throughthe list, highlighting the desired airspace.

4. PressENTto display the airspace page for theselected nearby airspace.

5. To return to the nearest airspace page, verifythat “Done?” is highlighted by the ashingcursor and pressENT.

7 - NRST PAGES

Nearest Airspaces6. Press thesmall right knob to remove the

ashing cursor.To view and quickly tune the frequency for acontrolling agency:

Airspace Nameand Type

Status andTime to Entry

“Frequency?”Field (display

frequency page)

Floor/Ceiling Limits



6. To return to the airspace page, turn thelargeright knob to highlight “Done?” and press

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Time to Entry

1. Follow steps #1 through #4 on the previouspage to display the airspace page for thedesired controlled or special use airspace.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “Fre-quencies?” and pressENT.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to scroll throughthe list, highlighting the desired frequency.

g g g p

ENT (or pressCLR).7. To return to the nearest airspace page, turn the

large right knob to highlight “Done?” andpressENT(or pressCLR).


Theairspace page

displays (and airspace alert mes-sages are provided for) the following airspace types:

• Alert • Caution• Class B • Class C

• Class D • CTA• Danger • MOA

• Prohibited • Restricted• TMA • Training• TRSA • Unspecied

• WarningThe bottom right-hand corner of theairspace page

displays the oor and ceiling limits of the airspace.The following are examples of what may appear asvertical limits for an airspace:

7 - NRST PAGES

Nearest Airspaces• 5000 ft msl (5000 feet mean sea level)

• 5000 ft agl (5000 feet above ground level)• MSL (at mean sea level)

• NOTAM (see Notice to Airmen) *

• Unknown * • Unlimited *• See Chart * • Surface *

* Not shown in this example All airspace alert messages, except for prohibited

areas, may be turned on or off from theairspace alarms page. An altitude buffer is also provided on theairspacealarms pageto provide an extra margin of safety above/

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alarms pageto provide an extra margin of safety above/ below the published limits.

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Nearest Airspaces

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Blank Page

8 - VLOC RECEIVER

Ident, Volume and Tuning

Section 8VLOC (VOR/Localizer/Glideslope)

Receiver Operations

The GNS 430W includes digitally-

tuned VOR/localizer and glideslope receiv-ers with the desired frequency selected ona VLOC window, along the left-hand sideof the display. Frequency selection is performed bypressing thesmall left knob and turning thesmall andlarge left knobs to select the desired frequency.

Ident Audio and Volume

VLOC Window and Tuning

VLOC frequencies are selected with the tuningcursor in thestandbyVLOC frequency eld, and usingthesmall andlarge left knobs to dial in the desiredfrequency. The standby frequency always appearsbelow theactivefrequency. The active frequency is thefrequency currently in use.

v Push to toggle the tuning cursor(small left knob) between COM

and VLOC windows. Turn to adjustthe kHz value (the portion afterthe decimal point) of standby

VLOC frequency.

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VLOC ident is enabled by pressing the VLOC volumeknob. When VLOC identis enabled, an “ID” indication appearsin the upper right corner of the VLOCwindow — to the immediate right of “VLOC”.

j Push for ident audio. Turn toadjust audio volume.

VLOC audio volume is adjusted using the VLOC volumeknob. Turn the VLOC volumeknob clock-wise to increase volume, or counterclockwise todecrease volume.

Turn to adjust the MHz value (theportion before the decimal point)of the standby VLOC frequency.y

The tuning cursor will remain in the COM window.If you wish to select a VOR/localizer/ILS frequency,press thesmall left knob momentarily to place thecursor in the VLOC window.

NOTE: The tuning cursor will normally appear in the COM window, unless placed in the VLOC window by pressing the small left knob . When the tuning cursor is in the VLOC window, it will automatically return to the COM window after 30 seconds of inactivity.

8 - VLOC RECEIVER

Auto-Tuning

To select a VOR/localizer/ILS frequency:

1. If the tuning cursor is not currently in the VLOCwindow, press thesmall left knob momen-tarily.

2. Turn thelarge left knob to select the desiredmegahertz (MHz) value. For example, the

Auto-Tuning

A frequency may also be quickly selected from thedatabase by simply highlighting the desired frequencyon theVOR pageor thenearest VOR pageand pressingtheENTkey. This process is referred to asauto-tuning.Once a frequency is selected in the standby eld, itmay be transferred to the active frequency by press-ing the VLOC ip-opkey. (Auto-tuning can alsobe performed from VLOC frequencies listed on theNAVCOM, airport frequency, andnearest ight servicestationpages.)

To select a VLOC frequency from the VOR or near-est VOR pages:

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“117” portion of the frequency “117.80”.

3. Turn thesmall left knob to select the desiredkilohertz (kHz) value. For example, the “.80”portion of the frequency “117.80”.

4. To make the standby frequency the activefrequency, press theVLOC ip-opkey.

1. Select the desired page from the main pages.(See page references on the preceding page.)

2. Press thesmall right knob momentarily toactivate the ashing cursor.

3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight thefrequency for the desired VOR.

4. PressENTto place the frequency in the standbyeld of the VLOC window.

5. Press theVLOC ip-opkey to activate theselected frequency.

8 - VLOC RECEIVER

Auto-Tuning

6. Press thesmall right knob to remove theashing cursor.NOTE: For duplex COM operations, the VLOC receiver may be auto-tuned from the nearest ight service station page.

When selecting a VOR or ILS approach, manualtuning of the VLOC receiver is not required. Oncethe approach procedure is “Loaded” or “Acti-vated”, the GNS 430W will automatically placethe proper frequency in the standby eld of the VLOC window. If you wish to use this frequency,simply press the VLOC ip-op key to activate

5. A second window will appear listing availabletransitions. Turn thesmall right knob tohighlight the desired transition waypoint andpress ENT. (The approach “Vectors” optionassumes you will receive vectors to the nalcourse segment of the approach and willprovide navigation guidance to intercept thisnal course.)

6. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “Load?”or “Activate?” and pressENT. (“Load?” willadd the procedure to the ight plan withoutimmediately using it for navigation guidance.This allows you to continue navigating the

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the frequency. Additional information on approachprocedures is provided in Section 5.To select an approach and automatically tune theproper VLOC frequency:

1. Select the destination airport using thedirect-to key or as the last waypoint in the activeight plan.

2. Press thePROCkey to display the procedurespage.3. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight “Select

Approach?” and pressENT.

4. A window will appear listing the available pro-cedures. Turn thesmall right knob to highlightthe desired procedure and pressENT. (Whena direct-to destination is selected, departuresare offered for the nearest airport.)

original ight plan, but keeps the procedureavailable on the active ight plan page forquick activation when needed.)

7. For VOR and ILS approaches, the standby eldof the VLOC window is automatically tuned tothe proper frequency. To activate the frequencypress theVLOC ip-opkey. To display VLOCcourse information on the external CDI (or HSI)pressCDIand verify that “VLOC” is displayedat the bottom left corner of the screen, directlyabove theCDIkey.

8 - VLOC RECEIVER

Auto-tuning / CDI Key

CDI Key

The GNS 430W’sCDIkey is used to couple theGPS or VLOC receiver to the external CDI (or HSI). When the external CDI (or HSI) is being driven bythe GPS receiver, “GPS” will appear at the bottom left

corner of the page, directly above theCDIkey. Whenthe external CDI (or HSI) is being driven by the VLOCreceiver, “VLOC” will appear instead.

To couple the external CDI (or HSI) to the GPSreceiver or VLOC receiver, press the CDI key todisplay “GPS” or “VLOC”, as desired.

NOTE: The external CDI (or HSI) must be coupled

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8. For precision approaches and some non-pre-cision approaches, a reminder window willappear indicating that GPS guidance on suchapproaches is strictly for monitoring only—usethe VLOC receivers and external CDI (or HSI) forprimary navigation. To conrm this reminder,highlight “Yes?” and pressENT.

to the VLOC receiver for approaches which are not approved for GPS. See the ILS example in the Procedures section.

9 - AUX PAGES

AUX Page Group

Section 9AUX Pages

AUX Page Group

Section 2 introduced the 400W-series main pagegroups—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and described eachpage in the NAV group. The third page group (AUX)allows you to change unit settings, customizing opera-tion to your preferences. The AUX pages also provideE6B functions—such as trip planning, fuel planning,density altitude, true airspeed and winds aloft calcula-tions.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to select the AUXpage group. “AUX” will appear in the lowerright corner of the screen.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desiredAUX page.

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To quickly select an AUX page:

1. From any page, press and holdCLRto selectthe default NAV page. (You may skip this stepif you are already viewing any of the mainpages.)

Flight Planning Utility Setup 1 Setup 2

NAV


WPT


AUX


NRST


9 - AUX PAGES

Flight Planning

Flight Planning Page

The ight planning pageprovides access to E6Bfunctions for fuel planning, trip planning, densityaltitude/true airspeed/winds aloft calculations anda “Crossll” function to transfer ight plans/user

waypoints to a second 400W-series unit. When a ightplanning item is selected, the corresponding page willappear providing additional information and features.

To select, highlightwith cursor and

pressENT .

h f ll i i h l i i il bl

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First Pagein AUX group

To select an item from the ight planning page:

1. Press thesmall right knob momentarily, toactivate the ashing cursor.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to select the desiredmenu option, and pressENT.

The following ight planning items are available:Fuel Planning— when equipped with fuel ow(FF) and/or fuel on board (FOB) sensors, this itemdisplays current fuel conditions along the activedirect-to or ight plan. You may also manuallyenter fuel ow, ground speed (GS) and (in someinstances) fuel on board gures for planning pur-poses. Fuel planning gures can be displayed notonly for the currently active ight plan or direct-to, but also point-to-point between two speciedwaypoints and for any programmed ight plan.

Trip Planning— allows the pilot to view desiredtrack (DTK), distance (DIS), estimated time en

route (ETE), en route safe altitude (ESA) andestimated time of arrival (ETA) information for adirect-to, point-to-point between two speciedwaypoints or for any programmed ight plan.

NOTE: Point-to-point waypoints, ight plans and/or ground speed (default is current GPS- calculated ground speed) entered on the fuel

planning page will automatically transfer to the trip planning page, and vice versa.

9 - AUX PAGES

Flight Planning

Density Alt / TAS / Winds— indicates the theo-retical altitude at which your aircraft will performdepending upon several environmental conditions,including indicated altitude (IND ALT), barometricsetting (BARO) and total air temperature (TAT; thetemperature, including the heating effect of speed,read on a standard outside temperature gauge).This computes true airspeed (TAS), based upon thefactors above and the calibrated airspeed (CAS). Also, this determines winds aloft—the wind direc-tion and speed—and a head wind/tail wind com-ponent, based upon the calculated density altitude(DEN ALT), true airspeed, aircraft heading (HDG)

d d d

the other mode, then pressENTto accept theother mode.

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and ground speed.Crossll— allows the pilot to transfer the activeight plan, any stored ight plan, a user waypointor all user waypoints between two 400W-SeriesGarmin units in a dual-unit installation.Scheduler— displays reminder messages (suchas “Change oil”, “Switch fuel tanks”, “Overhaul”,etc.). One-time, periodic, and event-based messagesare allowed. One-time messages will appear oncethe timer expires and will reappear each time the400W-series unit is powered on, until the messageis deleted. Periodic messages will automaticallyreset to the original timer value, once the messageis displayed. Event-based messages do not use atimer, but rather a specic date and time.

Fuel Planning To perform fuel planning operations:

1. Select “Fuel Planning” from the ight planningpage.

2. The current fuel planning “mode” is displayed

at the top of the page: “POINT TO POINT” or“FPL” (for a ight plan). To change the mode,pressMENUto display an options window for

The “Flight Plan?” option allows you toselect the numbered ight plan for fuel plan-

ning. The “Change Fields?” option allowsyou to select fuel information for each eld

as desired.

3a. For point-to-point fuel planning, turn thesmall and large right knobs to enter the identierof the “from” waypoint. Once the waypoint’sidentier is entered, pressENTto accept thewaypoint. The ashing cursor moves to the“to” waypoint. Again, turn thesmall andlarge right knobs to enter the identier ofthe “to” waypoint and pressENTto acceptthe waypoint.

or,

9 - AUX PAGES

Flight Planning

3b. For ight plan fuel planning, turn thesmallright knob to select the desired ight plan bynumber (already stored in memory. “00” is theactive ight plan). Turn thelarge right knobto highlight the “LEG” eld and turn thesmallright knob to select the desired leg of the ight

plan, or select “Cum” to apply fuel planningcalculations to the entire ight plan.

(GS) eld. Use thesmall and large rightknobs to enter the ground speed. PressENT when nished.

8. With all variables entered, the following infor-mation will be provided:

• REQ — Quantity of fuel required

• LFOB — Left-over fuel on board

• LRES — Left-over fuel reserve time

• EFF — Efciency, expressed in distance perfuel units (e.g. nautical miles pergallon)

• RNG Range (distance)

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4. If your fuel management system does not enterthe data automatically, turn thelarge rightknob to highlight the fuel on board (FOB)eld.

5. Use thesmall and large right knobs to enterthe amount of fuel on board. PressENTwhen

nished.6. The ashing cursor moves to the fuel ow (FF)

eld. Use thesmall and large right knobsto enter the fuel ow rate. PressENTwhennished. Note that if a fuel system is providingcurrent fuel ow, the fuel ow eld will defaultto this value.

7. The ashing cursor moves to the ground speed

• RNG — Range (distance)• ENDUR — Flight endurance, or total available

ight time

9. To recongure the data elds pressMENUtodisplay the options window. Turn thesmallright knob to highlight the “change elds?”option. PressENT to recongure the dataelds. Turn thelarge right knob to select thedesired eld. Turn thesmall right knob tohighlight the desired data. PressENTto selectthe data conguration.

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Flight Planning

4. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight thedeparture time (DEP TIME) eld.

5. Use thesmallandlarge right knobs to enterthe departure time. PressENTwhen nished.(Departure time may be entered in local or UTCtime, depending upon unit settings.)

6 Th hi h d d

Density Alt / TAS / Winds To calculate density altitude, true airspeed, windsaloft:1. Select “Density Alt / TAS / Winds” from the

ight planning page.

2. The ashing cursor highlights the indicated alti-

tude (IND ALT) eld Use thesmallandlarge

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6. The ashing cursor moves to the ground speed(GS) eld. Use thesmall and large rightknobs to enter the ground speed. PressENT when nished.


• DTK— Desired track, or desired course• DIS— Distance

• ETE— Estimated time en route

• ESA— En route safe altitude

• ETA— Estimated time of arrival

tude (IND ALT) eld. Use thesmallandlarge right knobs to enter the altitude indicated onyour altimeter. PressENTwhen nished.

3. The ashing cursor moves to the calibratedairspeed (CAS) eld. Use thesmallandlarge right knobs to enter the airspeed from yourairspeed indicator. PressENTwhen nished.

4. The ashing cursor moves to the barometricsetting (BARO) eld. Use thesmallandlarge right knobs to enter the barometric setting(altimeter setting). PressENTwhen nished.

5. The ashing cursor moves to the total air tem-perature (TAT) eld. Use thesmallandlarge right knobs to enter the temperature. PressENTwhen nished.

9 - AUX PAGES

Flight Planning

6. The ashing cursor moves to the aircraft head-ing (HDG) eld. Use thesmall andlarge rightknobs to enter the aircraft heading from thedirectional gyro or compass. PressENTwhennished.


• DEN ALT— Density altitude

• TAS— True airspeed

• WIND— Wind direction and speed

• HEAD/TAIL WIND— Magnitude of head windor tail wind component From Default NAV Page

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NOTE: If your installation includes components (such as an airdata sensor) to provide any of the variables above, the density alt/tas/winds page data will default to the values provided by these components.

Crossll

SelectCrossll?from the Default Nav page or FlightPlan page by pressing theMENU key or while on theFlight Planning page by scrolling down toCrossllandpressingENT.

From Flight Plan Pages Automatic Operation: If both units are set to

automatic, a change in the active ight plan of oneunit will also be seen in the other. Initiating a direct-toto a waypoint on one unit will also initiate a direct-toto the same waypoint on the other unit.

If one unit is set for automatic crossll and theother is set for manual crossll, then only the auto unitwill automatically send data to the manual unit. In thisconguration, the auto unit could be thought of as themaster unit.

Manual Operation: If manual operation isdesired, the pilot must invoke all transfers from thatunit. When a unit is congured for automatic transfer,a manual transfer can also be done on command. If either of the messages “data transfer error” or “data

9 - AUX PAGES

Flight Planning

transfer cancelled” are received during an automatic ormanual transfer, the pilot must force another transfer.

To transfer ight plans or user waypoints to/froma second 400W (or 500W) Series unit:

1. Select “Crossfill” from the flight planningpage.

2. The ashing cursor highlights the method eld.Turn thesmall right knob to select “Auto” or“Manual”. “Auto” will automatically transferany selection of (or any change to) a direct-todestination or active ight plan to a second400W or 500W Series Garmin unit.

NOTE: Crossll requires both 400W and/or 500W series units to have the same Jeppesen NavData®

4. Continue turning thesmall right knob toselect the desired data option. PressENTwhen

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qseries units to have the same Jeppesen NavData database cycle number.

3. The ashing cursor highlights the transfer dataoption (TRANSFER) eld. Turn thesmall rightknob to display a window of available dataoptions:

• Active Flight Plan—transfer the active ightplan to/from a second 400W/500W-seriesGarmin unit in a dual unit installation. Thisoption is the default when selecting “Crossll”from the ight planning page.

• Flight Plan—transfer any stored ight planto/from a second 400W/500W-series unit,

by selecting the ight plan by number. Thisoption is the default when selecting “Crossll”from the ight plan catalog.

• User Waypoints (all)—transfer allstored user waypoints to/from a second400W/500W-series unit.

• User Waypoint—transfer the specied userwaypoint to a second 400W/500W-seriesunit.

select the desired data option. PressENTwhennished.

5. For a stored ight plan (“Flight Plan” dataoption), the ight plan number eld is high-lighted. Turn thesmall right knob to selectthe desired ight plan and pressENT.

6. For a specied user waypoint (“User Waypoint”data option), the waypoint identier eld ishighlighted. Use thesmall and large rightknobs to enter the identier of the desired userwaypoint. PressENTwhen nished.

7. The ashing cursor moves to the “CROSS-SIDE”eld. Turn thesmall right knob to select “To”or “From” and pressENT.

8. The ashing cursor moves to the “InitiateTransfer?” conrmation eld. PressENTtotransfer the selected data.

9 - AUX PAGES

Flight Planning

Scheduler To enter a scheduled message:

1. Select “Scheduler” from the ight planningpage.

2. The ashing cursor highlights the rst message

eld. If necessary, turn thelarge right knobto highlight the rst blank message eld.3. Use thesmall and large right knobs to enter

the message text. PressENTwhen nished.(The 400W-series unit will store up to ninescheduled messages holding 20 characterseach.)

4. The ashing cursor moves to the type eldunder the new message Turn thesmall right

5. The ashing cursor moves to the time/dateeld. Use thesmall and large right knobs toset the time or date required before the mes-sage is displayed. Time is entered as hours/min-utes (hhh:mm). Event-based messages expireat a specic date and time. PressENT, when

nished.To edit a scheduled message:1. Select “Scheduler” from the ight planning

page.2. The ashing cursor highlights the rst message

eld.3. To edit the message text, turn thelarge right

knob to highlight the desired message eld. Use

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g ypunder the new message. Turn thesmall rightknob to display a window of available options:(Event, One Time, Periodic). PressENT toselect.

g g gthe small and large right knobs to edit themessage text—entering the new text directly overthe old message. PressENTwhen nished.

4. To edit the time eld, turn thelarge rightknob to highlight the eld. Use thesmall and large right knobs to edit the new dateor time—entering the new value directly overthe old gure. PressENTwhen nished.

To delete a scheduled message:

1. Select “Scheduler” from the ight planningpage.

2. The ashing cursor highlights the rst message

eld. Turn thelarge right knob to highlightthe desired message eld.3. PressCLRto delete the message text, followed

byENTto conrm the deletion.

9 - AUX PAGES

Flight Planning

Utility Page

Theutility pageprovides access to checklists, acount down/up timer, trip timers, trip statistics, RAIM(Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) prediction,sunrise/sunset time calculations and software/databaseversion information.When a Utility item is selected, thecorresponding page will appear providing additionalinformation and features.

To select,highlight withcursor and

pressENT .

The following items are available:

Checklists— provides up to nine different user-dened checklists containing up to 30 items each.Flight Timers—provides count up/down timers,plus automatic recording of departure time and total

trip time. Departure and total trip time recordingcan be congured to run either any time 400W-series power is on, or only when your ground speedexceeds 30 knots.Trip Statistics— provides readouts for trip odom-eters, average speed and maximum speed. Thesereadouts are resettable (individually or all at once)

by pressingMENUto display an options window.

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Second Pagein AUX group

To select an item from the utility page:


2. Turn thelarge right knob to select the desiredmenu option, and pressENT.

RAIM Prediction— predicts if GPS cover-age is available for your current location or at aspecied waypoint at any time and date. Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring performs checksto ensure that the 400W-series unit has adequatesatellite geometry during your ight. RAIM avail-ability is near 100% in Oceanic, En Route andTerminal phases of ight. Because the FAA’s TSOrequirements for non-precision approaches specifysignicantly better satellite coverage than otheright phases, RAIM may not be available whenying some approaches. The 400W-series unitautomatically monitors RAIM during approachoperations and warns you if RAIM is not available.In such cases, use the GNS 430W’s VLOC receiverinstead for the approaches. RAIM prediction helpsyou plan for a pending ight to conrm GPS opera-tion during an approach.

RAIM prediction only predicts the availability of

Fault Detection (FD) integrity in the absence of WAAS corrections. It cannot predict the availabilityof LPV approaches. The FAA provides a NOTAM

9 - AUX PAGES

Utility Page

service for LPV approach availability.

An “INTEG” annunciation at the bottom left corner of the

screen indicates that satellite coverage is insufcient to passbuilt-in receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM)tests. When this occurs, the GPS receiver will continue to

provide navigation information, but should not be used forprimary navigation guidance. Use the GNS 430W’s VLOC

receiver or another suitable navigation source.

Sunrise / Sunset— allows you to calculate the timeof sunrise and sunset at any waypoint or your pres-ent position for a specied date.Software Versions — provides software ver-sion information for the operating software withinthe GPS receiver, COM transceiver, VOR/localizerreceiver, glideslope receiver and main processorboard.

Database Versions — The Database VersionsPage displays the current Jeppesen database type,effective date, and expiration date, along with theversion and type of built-in land database.

Terrain Database Versions — The TerrainD t b V i P g di l th t t i

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Database Versions Page displays the current terrainand obstacle database types, version, cycle, effectivedate, and expiration date.

Checklists To create a checklist:

1. Select “Checklist” from the utility page. PressENTto display a list of checklists.

2. PressMENUto display an options menu. Turnthe large right knob to select “Create NewChecklist?” and pressENT.

3. Use thesmall and large right knobs to enterthe name of a checklist. PressENTwhen n-ished. (Up to nine different checklists can becreated and stored in the 400W-series unit.)

9 - AUX PAGES

Utility Page

4. Use thesmall and large right knobs to entereach checklist item, followed each time byENT. (Each checklist may contain up to 30 lineitems of as much as sixteen characters long.)

To execute a checklist:

1. With the checklists page displayed, turn thelarge right knob to select the desired checklistand pressENT.

To insert a checklist step into an existing check-list:


2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight theexisting checklist entry which will immediatelyfollow the new checklist step.

3. Turn the small and large right knobs toenter the new checklist step. PressENTwhennished.

To delete a checklist or all checklists:

1. With the checklists page displayed, pressMENUto display an options menu.

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2. As you complete each checklist item, pressENT to move to the next item on the list.

To edit a checklist:


2. Press MENUto display an options menu.Select “Edit Item?” and pressENT, then usethe small and large right knobs to edit eachchecklist item. PressENTwhen nished.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to select “deletechecklist” or “delete all checklists” and pressENTto remove the checklist or all checklistsfrom memory.

To copy a checklist:

1. With the checklists page displayed and thedesired checklist selected, pressMENU.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to select “CopyChecklist?” and pressENTto copy the check-list to an empty checklist memory location.

To sort the checklists by name or entry:

1. With the checklists page displayed, pressMENUto display an options menu.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to select “Sort ListBy Entry?” or “Sort List By Name?” and pressENT.

9 - AUX PAGES

Utility Page

Flight Timers To view, use or reset the generic timer:1. Select “Flight Timers” from the utility page.

2. The ashing cursor highlights “Start?”. To startthe generic timer, pressENT. (You will typicallybegin with this step for count up timers. How-ever, for count down timers, you may wish toenter a count direction and time before startingthe timer )

To record or reset the departure time:

1. Select “Flight Timers” from the utility page.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

reset mode eld, under “Departure Time”.(The reset mode eld will indicate “Pwr-on”or “GS>30kt”.)

3. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desiredreset mode. (“Pwr-on” will record a departuretime when the 400W-series unit is turned on.“GS>30kt” will record a departure time oncethe GPS-computed ground speed exceeds 30knots.)

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the timer. )3. To change the count direction, turn thelarge

right knob to highlight count direction eld:“Down” or “Up”. Turn thesmall right knobto select the desired count direction. PressENT when nished.

4. For a count down timer, turn thelarge rightknob to highlight the time eld. Use thesmall and large right knobs to enter the countdown time—in hours, minutes and seconds.PressENTwhen nished.

5. To stop the generic timer, turn thelarge rightknob to highlight “Stop?” and pressENT.

6. To reset the generic timer, turn thelarge rightknob to highlight the time eld. PressCLR,followed byENT.

4. PressENTwhen nished.

5. To reset the departure time, turn thelargeright knob to highlight “Reset?” and pressENT.

To view, use or reset total trip time:

1. Select “Flight Timers” from the utility page.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

reset mode field, under “Total Trip Time”.(The reset mode eld will indicate “Pwr-on”or “GS>30kt”.)

3. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desiredreset mode. (“Pwr-on” will record trip time, inhours/minutes/seconds, any time the 400W-series unit is turned on. “GS>30kt” will recordtrip time any time the GPS-computed groundspeed exceeds 30 knots.)

4. PressENTwhen nished.

9 - AUX PAGES

Utility Page

5. To reset the total trip time, turn thelarge rightknob to highlight “Reset?” and pressENT.

Trip Statistics To reset trip statistics readouts:1. Select “Trip Statistics” from the utility page.

RAIM Prediction To predict RAIM availability:

1. Select “RAIM Prediction” from the utilitypage.

2. The ashing cursor highlights the waypointeld. Use thesmall and large right knobs

to enter the identier of the waypoint at whichyou wish to determine RAIM availability. Press

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2. Press MENUto display an options windowwith several reset options:

• Reset Trip?— Resets trip odometer and averageground speed readouts

• Reset Max Speed?— Resets maximum speedreadout only

• Reset Odometer?— Resets odometer readoutonly

• Reset All?— Resets all trip statistics readouts

3. Turn the large right knob to select thedesired reset option and pressENT.

y yENTwhen nished. (To determine RAIM avail-ability for your present position, pressCLR,followed byENT.)

3. The ashing cursor moves to the arrival dateeld. Use thesmall and large right knobs toenter the date for which you wish to determine

RAIM availability. PressENTwhen nished.4. The ashing cursor moves to the arrival time

eld. Use thesmall and large right knobs toenter the time for which you wish to determineRAIM availability. PressENTwhen nished.

9 - AUX PAGES

Utility Page

5. The flashing cursor moves to “ComputeRAIM?”. PressENTto begin RAIM prediction.Once calculations are complete, the 400W-series unit will display one of the following inthe RAIM status eld:

• RAIM Not Available— Satellite coverage ispredicted to NOT be sufcient for reliableoperation during non-precision approaches

Sunrise / Sunset To calculate sunrise and sunset times at anywaypoint or your present position:

1. Select “Sunrise / Sunset” from the utilitypage.

2. The ashing cursor highlights the waypointeld. Use thesmall and large right knobs

to enter the identier of the waypoint at whichyou wish to determine sunrise and sunset

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• RAIM Available— Satellite coverage is predictedto be sufcient for reliable operation duringall ight phases, including non-precisionapproaches

NOTE: RAIM computations predict satellite cover-

age within ±15 minutes of the specied arrival date and time. Refer to the CDI/Alarms section of Aux pages Setup 1 for specic information regarding RAIM protection limits.

ytimes. PressENTwhen nished. (To determinesunrise/sunset times for your present position,pressCLR, followed byENT.)

3. The ashing cursor moves to the date eld. Usethe small and large right knobs to enter the

date for which you wish to determine sunriseand sunset times.

4. PressENTto calculate sunrise and sunset timesfor the selected location and date.

9 - AUX PAGES

Utility Page

Software / Database Versions Thesoftware, database, and terrain database ver-

sion pagesdisplay software version information foreach of the various subsystems contained within the400W-series unit, as well as database versions for the Jeppesen NavData® card and built-in land data. These

pages are for information purposes only—no userfunctions are available from this page. Reach thesepages by turning thesmall or large rightknobs andthen pressENT. PressCLR or thesmall right knobto return to theutility page.

Setup 1 PageTheSetup 1 pageprovides access to airspace

alarms, CDI scale adjustment, an arrival alarm, unitsof measure settings, position formats, map datums andsettings for local or UTC time display. When a setupitem is selected, the corresponding page will appear

providing access to the various unit settings.

To select, highlightith d Third Page

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with cursor and pressENT .

Third Pagein AUX group

9 - AUX PAGES

Utility Page

To select a setup item from the setup 1 page:


2. Turn thelarge right knob to select the desiredsetup item, and pressENT.

more than 500 feet above or below an airspace, youwill not be notied with an alert message; if you areless than 500 feet above or below an airspace andprojected to enter it, you will be notied with analert message. The default is 200 feet.CDI / Alarms— allows you to dene the scale forthe 400W-series unit on-screen course deviationindicator. The scale values represent full scaledeection for the CDI to either side. The defaultsetting is “Auto”. At this setting, the CDI scale isset to 2.0 NM during the “en route” phase of ight. Within 31 NM of your destination airport, the CDIscale gradually ramps down to 1.0 NM (termi-nal area). Likewise, when leaving your departureairport the CDI scale is set to 1.0 NM and gradu-

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The following setup items are available:

Airspace Alarms— allows you to turn thecontrolled / special-use airspace message alerts onor off. This will not affect the alerts listed on thenearest airspace pageor the airspace boundariesdepicted on the map page. It will simply turn on/off the warning provided when you are approaching ornear an airspace. An altitude buffer is also provided which “expands”

the vertical range above or below an airspace. Forexample, if the buffer is set at 500 feet, and you are

airport the CDI scale is set to 1.0 NM and gradually ramps up to 2 NM beyond 30 NM (from thedeparture airport). During approach operationsthe CDI scale gradually transitions down to anangular CDI scale. At 2.0 NM of the nal approachx (FAF), CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 to theangular full scale deection (typically the angularfull-scale deection is 2.0°, but will be as denedfor the approach).If a lower CDI scale setting is selected (i.e., 1.0 or0.3 NM), the higher scale settings are not selectedduring ANY phase of ight. For example, if 1.0 NMis selected, the 400W-series unit uses this for enroute and terminal phases and ramps down furtherduring an approach. Note that the Horizontal Alarm (HAL) protection limits listed below followthe selected CDI scale, unless corresponding ightphases call for lower HAL. For example, if the 1.0NM CDI setting is selected, full-scale deectionduring approach will still follow the approach CDIscale settings.

9 - AUX PAGES

CDI Scale Horizontal Alarm Limit

Auto (oceanic) 2.0 NM±2.0 NM or Auto (en route) 2.0 NM±1.0 NM or Auto (terminal) 1.0 NM±0.3 NM or Auto (approach) 0.3 NM

An “auto” ILS CDI selection allows the 500W-series unit to automatically switch the external CDIfrom the GPS receiver to the VLOC receiver, whenintercepting the nal approach course. Or, select“manual” to manually switch the external CDIconnection, as needed (using theCDIkey). If theunit is installed with a KAP140/KFC225 autopilot,automatic switching will not take place.See AUX- Setup 1 for ILS CDI Selection details

An arrival alarm, provided on the CDI / AlarmsPage, may be set to notify you with a message whenyou have reached a user-dened distance to thenal destination (the direct-to waypoint or the lastwaypoint in a ight plan). Once you have reachedthe set distance (up to 99.9 units), an “Arrival at

[waypoint]” message is displayed.Units / Mag Var— allows you to congure the dis-played data to standard or metric units of measure.This setting applies to distance, speed, altitude,fuel, pressure and temperature. Also provides twomagnetic variation (heading) options: Auto or True.If “Auto” is selected, all track, course and headinginformation is corrected to the magnetic variationcomputed by the GPS receiver. The “True” setting

Setup 1

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- Setup 1 for ILS CDI Selection details.CDI scales and corresponding Flight Phases:

Oceanic

En Route

Terminal

Approach

computed by the GPS receiver. The True settingreferences all information to true north.

Position / Map Datum— congures positionreadout information to the desired position formatand shows the Map Datum. The NavData® card

uses the WGS 84 map datum to conform to WAASrequirements.

Date / Time— provides settings for time format(local or UTC; 12- or 24-hour) and time offset. Thetime offset is used to dene current local time. UTC(also called “GMT” or “zulu”) date and time are cal-culated directly from the GPS satellites’ signals and

cannot be changed. If you prefer to use local time,simply designate the offset by adding or subtractingthe correct number of hours and minutes.Not all time zones are offset from UTC by a wholenumber of hours (e.g., Newfoundland, Central Australia, India, Iraq, ...).

9 - AUX PAGES

Setup 1

Airspace Alarms To set the airspace warning messages or changethe altitude buffer:

1. Select “Airspace Alarms” from the setup 1page.

2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

“On”/”Off” eld next to the desired airspacetype.3 T th ll i ht k b t l t “O ”

NOTE: When an approach has been loaded into the active ight plan, airspace alert messages will be disabled within 30 NM of the destination airport.

CDI Scale / Alarms To change the CDI scale:

1. Select “CDI / Alarms” from the Setup 1 page.

2. The ashing cursor highlights the “SelectedCDI” eld Turn thesmall right knob to select

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3. Turn thesmall right knob to select “On” or“Off”, as desired. PressENTto accept theselection.

4. To change the altitude buffer, turn thelargeright knob to highlight the “Altitude Buffers”eld. Use thesmall and large right knobsto enter the desired buffer distance. PressENT when nished.

CDI eld. Turn thesmall right knob to selectthe desired CDI scale. The selected scale andany lower scale settings will be used duringthe various phases of ight.

3. Press ENTto accept the selected scale. The

“System CDI” eld will display the CDI scalecurrently in use. The “System CDI” setting maydiffer from the “Selected CDI” depending uponthe current phase of ight.

NOTE: The CDI scale is always measured in nautical miles, regardless of the current distance units of measure selected on the units/mag var page.

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9 - AUX PAGES

Setup 1

To change the units of measure:1. Select “Units / Mag Var” from the Setup 1

page.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

desired units of measure category. The fol-lowing categories, and corresponding units of

measure, are available:

• DIS, SPD—distance and speed in Nautical(nautical miles/knots), Statute (miles/milesper hour) or Metric (kilometers/kilometers per

Position Format To change the position format:

1. Select “Position Format / Map Datum” fromthe Setup 1 page.

2. The ashing cursor is on the position formateld. Turn thesmall right knob to select the

desired position format. The following positionformats are available:

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per hour) or Metric (kilometers/kilometers perhour) terms.

• ALT, VS—altitude and vertical speed in Feet/ feet per minute, Meters/meters per minute, orMeters/meters per second.

• PRESSURE—barometric setting in Inches orMillibars.• TEMP—temperature in degrees Celsius or

Fahrenheit.• FUEL—fuel units in Gallons, Imperial Gal-

lons, Kilograms, Liters or Pounds.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desiredunits of measure for the selected category.PressENTto accept the selection.

• hddd°mm.mmm’—latitude and longitude indegrees and decimal minutes

• hddd°mm’ss.s”—latitude and longitude indegrees, minutes and decimal seconds

• MGRS—Military Grid Reference System• UTM/UPS—Universal Transverse Mercator /

Universal Polar Stereographic grids3. PressENTto accept the selected format.

9 - AUX PAGES

Map Datum

NOTE: Per TSO C146a, the WGS-84 map datum is used.

Date / Time To display local time or UTC:

1. Select “Date / Time” from the Setup 1 page.2. The ashing cursor highlights the time format

eld. Turn thesmall right knob to display awindow of available time formats: Local 12hr,Local 24hr, or UTC.

the United States, all local time offsets will usebe minus, or behind UTC.)

4. PressENTto accept the selected offset.


When making changes to anysetup 1 pageoption,

a “Restore Defaults?” menu selection allows you torestore the original factory settings (for the selecteditem only). For example, with theairspace alarms page displayed, the “Restore Defaults?” option will restoreallairspace alarms pagesettings to the original factoryvalues.

To restore a Setup 1 item to the original factory

settings:1. Select the desired item from the Setup 1

page

Setup 1

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3. Continue turning thesmall right knob toselect the desired time format.

4. PressENTto accept the selection.To set the local time:

1. Select “Date / Time” from the Setup 1 page.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

time offset eld.

3. Use thesmall and large right knobs to enterthe desired offset, beginning by entering a

minus (-) or plus (+) sign to indicate whetherthe offset is behind UTC or ahead of UTC. (In

page.2. Press MENU to display a page options

window.

3. With “Restore Defaults?” highlighted, pressENT.

9 - AUX PAGES

Setup 2

Setup 2 Page

To select, highlightwith cursor and

press ENT .

Fourth Pagein AUX group

TheSetup 2 pageprovides access to display adjust-ments, parameters which dene the nearest airportsearch, and COM transceiver channel spacing. Whenan item is selected, the corresponding page will appearproviding access to the various unit settings.

The following setup items are available:

Display— allows you to adjust the display foroptimum viewing in any condition. Automatic back-lighting is available which uses a built-in photocell(at the top left corner of the display bezel) to makethe proper display adjustments without any userintervention. Automatic contrast adjustment variesthe screen contrast level based upon current unittemperature. You may also select manual control of the display contrast and backlighting to tailor the400W i it di l t d

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To select an item from the Setup 2 page:


2. Turn thelarge right knob to select the desiredsetup item, and pressENT.

400W-series unit display to your needs.NOTE: Display backlighting changes are not saved when the 400W-series unit is turned off.Backlighting will revert to the “Auto” setting the next time the unit is turned on.

Nearest Airport Criteria— denes the minimumrunway length and surface type used when deter-mining the 25 nearest airports to display on thenearest airport page. A minimum runway lengthand/or surface type may be entered to prevent air-ports with small runways, or runways that are notof appropriate surface, from being displayed. Thedefault settings are “0 feet (or meters)” for runwaylength and “any” for runway surface type.

SBAS Selection— selects the Space Based Aug-mentation System (SBAS) used for navigation andallows turning WAAS on and off.

9 - AUX PAGES

COM Conguration— allows you to select 8.33kHz or 25.0 kHz COM frequency channel spacing.

NOTE: 8.33 kHz VHF communication frequency channel spacing is not approved for use in the United States. Select the 25.0 kHz channel spacing option.

Display To change the backlighting intensity:

1. Select “Display” from the Setup 2 page.

mode: Auto or Manual. PressENTto acceptthe selection.

4. If “Manual” is selected, the ashing cursormoves to the contrast level eld. Turn thesmallright knob to select the desired level. PressENTto accept the selection.

Nearest Airport Criteria To set the minimum runway length and runwaysurface:

Setup 2

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2. The ashing cursor highlights the backlightmode eld. Turn thesmall right knob to selectthe desired mode: Auto or Manual. PressENT to accept the selection.

3. If “Manual” is selected, the ashing cursormoves to the backlight level eld. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desired level.PressENTto accept the selection.

To change the display contrast:

1. Select “Display” from the Setup 2 page.2. Turn thelarge right knob to highlight the

contrast mode eld.3. Turn thesmall right knob to select the desired

1. Select “Nearest Airport Criteria” from the Setup2 page.

2. The ashing cursor highlights the runway sur-face eld. Turn thesmall right knob to select

the desired surface. The following options areavailable:• Any surface• Hard surfaces only• Hard / Soft surfaces• Water landings only

3. PressENTto accept the runway surface selec-tion.

9 - AUX PAGES

Setup 2

4. The ashing cursor moves to the minimumrunway length eld. To enter a different mini-mum runway length, use thesmall and large right knobs to enter the desired length. PressENTwhen nished.

NOTE: Exercise caution when changing the Near-

est Airport Criteria. Remember, by excluding certain surface types or shorter runway lengths, you may be excluding airports from the list that are more than adequate for an emergency landing!

2. The ashing cursor highlights the WAAS statusselection. Turn thesmall right knob to allowOn/Off selection.

Turn the small right knob to select On or Offand then press ENT.

3. Turn thesmall right knob to select “On” or“Off” and then pressENT. Press thesmallright knob to exit WAAS selection.

COM Conguration

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more than adequate for an emergency landing!

SBAS Selection To enable WAAS operation, in the Setup 2 page

select the SBAS item and then select WAAS. If WAASis disabled, the unit will not be able to y verti-cally guided GPS approaches (LPV, LNAV/VNAV, orLNAV+V).

If WAAS was previously disabled, it may take sev-eral minutes to achieve a 3D-Diff x after re-enabling WAAS.

1. Select “SBAS Selection” from the Setup 2 Page

and pressENT.

To enable WAAS operation, select the “SBASSelection”.

To set the COM channel spacing:1. Select “COM Conguration” and press ENT.2. Turn thesmall right knob to select “8.33 kHz”

or “25.0 kHz” and press ENT.

9 - AUX PAGES


When making changes to anySetup 2 pageitem, a“Restore Defaults?”menu selection allows you to restorethe original factory settings (for the selected option).

To restore a Setup 2 item to the original factorysettings:

1. Select the desired item from the Setup 2page.

2. PressMENUto display a page item window.3. With “Restore Defaults?” highlighted, press

ENT.

Setup 2

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10 - FDE

Section 10Fault Detection & Exclusion

The Garmin 400W-series software incorporatesa Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) algorithm,thus providing a basis for approval per FAA NoticeN8110.60 requirements for “GPS as a Primary Meansof Navigation for Oceanic/Remote Operations”.

The FDE consists of two distinct features, faultdetection and fault exclusion. The fault detectionfeature detects the presence of an unacceptably largepseudorange error for a satellite (and presumably,position error) for a given mode of ight. Upon detec-

tion, fault exclusion follows and excludes the sourceof the unacceptably large pseudorange error, therebyallowing navigation to return to normal performance

i h i i i i T h f

Training CD for complete details on using the FDEprediction program.

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without an interruption in service. To enhance safety,FDE functionality is provided for other phases of ight(non-precision approach, terminal, en route). The FDEfunctionality for non-oceanic ight phases complieswith missed alert probability, false alert probability andfailed exclusion probability specied by DO-229C / TSO-C146a.

Detection and Exclusion

An FDE prediction must be performed prior todeparture for a ight plan involving Oceanic/Remoteoperation where GPS is to be the sole source of navigation. Prior to departure, the operator mustuse the FDE prediction program supplied with the400W/500W-series Trainer CD to demonstrate thatthere are no outages in the capability to navigateon the specied route of ight (the FDE predictionprogram determines whether the GPS constellation isrobust enough to provide a navigation solution for thespecied route of ight). Please, refer to the instruc-tions included in the Garmin 400W/500W-series

10 - FDE

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Blank Page

11 - MESSAGESABBREVIATIONS &

NAV TERMS

Section 11Messages, Abbreviations, and

Navigation TerminologyMessages

The 400W-series unit uses a ashing “MSG” annunciator

at the bottom of the screen (directly above theMSGkey) toalert you of any important information or warnings. Whilemost messages are advisory in nature, warning messagesmay require your intervention.

Whenever the “MSG” annunciator ashes, press theMSGkey to display the message, when pilot workloadallows. PressMSGagain to return to the previous page.

The following is a list of available messages and theirmeanings:

ABORT APPROACH — Loss of Navigation —Executei d h i th i ti i t

Approach downgraded — Use LNAV minima —Thismessage will occur 60 seconds prior to the FAF if yingLNAV+V, L/VNAV, or LPV approaches and WAAS integrityparameters have fallen below minimal limits. As a result,vertical guidance has been discontinued and the LPV,LNAV+V, or L/VNAV approach you were ying has beendowngraded.

Approach is not active —The approach could nottransition to “active”, at 2 nautical miles or closer to theFAF. Verify that “SUSP” DOES NOT appear directly abovetheOBSkey, indicating the auto waypoint sequencing issuspended.

Approaching target altitude —The current GPS-com-puted altitude is within 500 feet of the nal Vertical Naviga-tion target altitude. Approaching VNAV prole — You are within one minuteof reaching the initial Vertical Navigation descent point.

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missed approach using other navigation equipment.

Airport terrain database integrity error —The 400W-series unit has detected a problem with a database on theTAWS/Terrain data card. The message “<database name>

database integrity error” indicates the data base in error.The data is not usable and the card should be returned toyour Garmin dealer.

Airspace ahead — less than 10 minutes — Your GPS-calculated course is projected to enter a special use airspacewithin 10 minutes. This message is automatically disabledwithin 30 nautical miles of an arrival airport, when anapproach is loaded.

Airspace near and ahead — Your GPS-calculated posi-tion is within 2 nautical miles of the boundary of a specialuse airspace and your course is projected to enter theairspace within 10 minutes. This message is automaticallydisabled within 30 nautical miles of an arrival airport, whenan approach is loaded.

All data referenced to True North —the unit’s Headingmode has been set to “True” in the AUX Setup pages.

of reaching the initial Vertical Navigation descent point.

APR Guidance Available - Use PROC before A/P APR — For units congured with the KAP140 or KFC225autopilot, this message reminds pilots, when they turnon course to the FAF, that they need to enable autopilotoutputs (by pressingPROCand selecting “Enable A/P APROutputs?”) before switching the autopilot control panel to APR.

Arrival at waypoint [waypoint name] — You are withinthe arrival alarm circle for the indicated waypoint. The sizeof the arrival alarm circle is dened from the “CDI / alarms”menu option on the Setup Page.

Aviation database integrity error —The 400W-seriesunit has detected a problem with a database on theNavData® card. The message “<database name> databaseintegrity error” indicates the data base in error. The data isnot usable and the card should be returned to Jeppesen oryour Garmin dealer for service.

Bad geometry, parallel offset not activated —parallel

offset is not activated because of ight plan geometry.


NAV TERMS

Basemap database integrity error —The 400W-seriesunit has detected a failure in the built-in basemap (landdata) database. Land data does not appear on the Map Page.Other unit functions continue to work normally, howeverthe 400W-series unit should be taken to your Garmindealer for service at your earliest convenience.

Boot block verify failed - Return unit for repair— System integrity testing has determined that the bootblock has become corrupted. Return the unit to yourGarmin dealer for service.

Cannot navigate locked FPL — You have attemptedto navigate a ight plan (FPL) with one or more lockedwaypoints. A waypoint can be “locked” when the NavData® card is replaced and the waypoint(s) does not exist in thenew database.Can’t change an active waypoint — An attempt hasbeen made to modify the position of the active “to” or

Check unit cooling —The 400W-series unit has detectedexcessive display backlighting temperature. The back-lighting has been automatically dimmed to reduce the tem-perature. Check for adequate ventilation or check coolingairow. Contact your Garmin dealer for assistance.

COM has failed —(GNS 430W/GNC 420W only) A fail-ure has been detected in the communications transceiver.The COM transceiver is not available and the unit shouldbe returned to your Garmin dealer for service.

COM is not responding —(GNS 430W/GNC 420Wonly)Internal system-to-system communication between themain processor and the COM transceiver has failed.Opera-tional status of the COM transceiver is unknown and theunit should be returned to your Garmin dealer for service.

If the Com board is still working, it will automatically tuneto 121.500 MHz. Transmit and receive functions may stilloperate regardless of the displayed frequency.

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“from” waypoint. The 400W-series unit does not allowmodications to user waypoints currently being utilized fornavigation guidance.

Can’t delete an active or FPL waypoint — An attempt

has been made to delete the active “to” or “from” waypoint.The 400W-series unit does not allow you to delete userwaypoints currently being utilized for navigation guidance.

CDI key stuck —TheCDIkey is stuck in the enabled (or“pressed”) state. Try pressing theCDIkey again to cycleits operation. If the message persists, contact your Garmindealer for assistance.

CDI key disabled —The installation has disabled theCDI key so that systems (such as an EFIS) connected tothe 400 series unit will always have GPS deviation data onone output (main) and VLOC deviation data on the otheroutput (Nav). See your installer for more information.

p g p y q y

COM needs service —(GNS 430W/GNC 420W only) A failure in the communications transceiver has beendetected. The COM transceiver may still be usable, but theunit should be returned (at your earliest convenience) toyour Garmin dealer for service.COM push-to-talk key stuck —(GNS 430W/GNC420W only) The external push-to-talk (PTT) switch is stuckin the enabled (or “pressed”) state. Try pressing the PTTswitch again to cycle its operation. If the message persists,contact your Garmin dealer for assistance.

COM remote transfer key is stuck —(GNS 430W/GNC420W only) The remote COM transfer switch is stuck inthe enabled (or “pressed”) state. Try pressing the switchagain to cycle its operation. If the message persists, contactyour Garmin dealer for assistance.

COM transfer key stuck —(GNS 430W/GNC 420Wonly) TheCOM ip-opkey is stuck in the enabled (or“pressed”) state. Try pressing theCOM ip-opkey again

to cycle its operation. If the message persists, contact yourGarmin dealer for assistance.


NAV TERMS

COM transmitter power has been reduced —(GNS430W/GNC 420W only) Excessive unit temperature and/oran insufcient voltage level has been detected. The COMtransceiver transmit power has been automatically reducedto compensate for the condition. For excessive tempera-tures, check for adequate ventilation or check cooling airow. If the message persists, contact your Garmin dealer forassistance.Conguration error - Cong service req’d —The con-guration information provided by the installer has beenlost or corrupted. Contact your Garmin dealer for service.

Data transfer cancelled (crossll is busy) — Anattempt to transfer ight plan data during a unit-to-unitcrossll was cancelled. The host unit is busy. Wait untilany previous crossll operation is complete, before re-attempting the transfer.

Data transfer cancelled (data invalid) — An attempt

Database changed, validate user modied procedures— You have modied one or more approaches, departuresor arrivals from their original published form. When theNavData® card is replaced (database update), you mustmanually verify your changes in the new database. Thismessage occurs each time a ight plan containing a modi-ed procedure (generated from a prior database version) isactivated. To eliminate the message, re-create the ight planfrom the new database, then make the desired modic-ations.

Display backlight failure —The 400W-series unit hasdetected a failure in the display backlighting. The unitshould be taken to your Garmin dealer for service.

Do not use for navigation —The 400W-series unit is inDemo Mode and must not be used for actual navigation.FPL has been truncated —The ight plan (FPL) wastruncated because not enough room existed to insert an

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( ) pto transfer a single user waypoint during a unit-to-unitcrossll was cancelled. No waypoint was specied on theCrossll Page. Select a user waypoint and re-attempt thetransfer.

Data transfer cancelled (version mismatch) — Anattempt to transfer data during a unit-to-unit crossll wascancelled. The database versions of the two 400W-seriesunit are not identical. If necessary, update the database(s)so they match. Contact Jeppesen or your Garmin dealer forassistance.

Data transfer error, please re-transmit — An error was

detected during unit-to-unit crossll of user data (userwaypoints and/or ight plans). The data transfer should bere-attempted.

Data transfer is complete —The unit-to-unit crossll of all user waypoint data has nished.

gapproach, departure or arrival. This may occur uponpower up when a database change increases the number of waypoints within an instrument procedure.

FPL is full — remove unnecessary waypoints — Anattempt has been made to add more than 31 waypoints toa ight plan (FPL). The 400W-series unit does not allowmore than 31 waypoints per ight plan.

FPL leg will not be smoothed —The upcoming ightplan (FPL) leg is too short for smooth waypoint transi-tions. Expect a rapid change in the CDI.

FPL waypoint is locked — At least one ight plan (FPL)waypoint is locked because the waypoint has been removedfrom the current NavData® card (database change), the datacard is missing, or the data card has failed.

FPL waypoint moved —The position data for one ormore ight plan (FPL) waypoints moved at least 0.33 arcminutes in the current NavData® card (database change).

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NAV TERMS

Near airspace — less than 2 NM — Your GPS-calculatedposition is within 2 nautical miles of a special use airspaceboundary, but you are not projected to enter the airspace.This message is automatically disabled within 30 nauticalmiles of an arrival airport, when an approach is loaded.

No altitude input is being received —No altitude datais being received from RS-232 (Serializer: Icarus, Rosetta orShadin) or grey code inputs. If the problem persists, contactyour Garmin dealer and check the installation and installa-tion settings.

No basemap data available —The 400W-series unithas detected a failure in the built-in basemap (land data)memory. Land data does not appear on the Map Page.Other unit functions continue to work normally, howeverthe 400W-series unit should be taken to your Garmindealer for service at your earliest convenience.

Non-WGS84 wpt navigation —The active “to” and/or

OBS key stuck —TheOBSkey is stuck in the enabled(or pressed) state. Try pressing theOBSkey again to cycleits operation. If the message persists, contact your Garmindealer for assistance.

OBS not available —TheOBSmode could not beactivated, because 1) no destination waypoint has beenselected, or 2) the GPS receiver cannot currently determineits position.

Poor GPS coverage —The GPS receiver cannot acquirea sufcient number of satellites to compute a position andprovide navigation.

RAIM position warning — Although sufcient GPSsatellite coverage may exist, Receiver Autonomous IntegrityMonitoring (RAIM) has determined the information fromone or more GPS satellites may be in error. The resultingGPS position may be in error beyond the limits allowedfor your current phase of ight. Cross-check your position

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“from” waypoints are based upon a map datum other than WGS 84 and cannot be converted from that map datumto WGS 84. Expect some error in the position of thewaypoint(s) and cross-check with an alternate means of

navigation.Not receiving input data on 429 Channel #1 or #2—No data has been received on the ARINC 429 channel#1 connection for a period exceeding ve seconds. If theproblem persists, the installation should be checked by yourGarmin dealer.

Not receiving input data on 232 Channel #(1 through

5) —No data has been received on one (or more) of theRS-232 channel connections for a period exceeding tenseconds. If the problem persists, the installation should bechecked by your Garmin dealer.

Not receiving trafc data —No trafc data is beingreceived.If the problem persists, the installation should bechecked by your Garmin dealer.

with an alternate navigation source. If the warning occursduring a nal approach segment (FAF to MAP), execute thepublished missed approach.

Scheduler message [1-9] — [user entered text] —Theuser-entered scheduler message time has expired, and thescheduler message is displayed.

Searching the sky —The 400W-series unit is searching thesky for GPS satellites.

Select appropriate frequency for approach — Youare inbound and within 3 nautical miles of the FAF; andthe active VLOC frequency does not match the publishedfrequency for the approach. Tune the standby VLOCfrequency to the proper frequency and press the VLOCip-op key to “activate” the frequency.

Select VLOC on CDI for approach — (GNS 430W only) You are inbound and within 3 nautical miles of the FAF;and the active approach is not a GPS-approved approach. Verify that the VLOC receiver is tuned to the proper fre-

quency and press theCDIkey to display “VLOC” (directlyabove theCDIkey).


NAV TERMS

Set course to [###]° —The course select for the externalCDI (or HSI) should be set to the specied course. The mes-sage only occurs when the current selected course is greaterthan 10° different from the desired track.

Steep turn ahead —This message appears approximatelyone minute prior to a turn in one of the following threeconditions: 1) the turn requires a bank angle in excess of 25° in order to stay on course, 2) the turn requires a coursechange greater than 175°, or 3) during a DME arc approachthe turn anticipation distance exceeds 90 seconds.

Stored data was lost — All user waypoints, ight plansand system settings have been lost due to a memory batteryfailure or system reset.

Stormscope device has failed —The 400W-series unitcannot communicate with the WX-500 and/or the WX-500is reporting a system failure.

Stormscope heading has failed —The WX 500 is

True north approach - Change Mag Var HDG to true— The selected approach requires navigation informationbe referenced to true north. In the AUX function, changeHeading Mode to “true.”

User card format unknown — A data card has beeninserted, but the format of the card is not recognized.

VLOC has failed —The GNS 430W has detected a failurein its VLOC receiver. The VLOC receiver is not availableand the unit should be returned to your Garmin dealer forservice.

VLOC is not responding —(GNS 430W only) Internalsystem-to-system communication between the main proces-sor and the VLOC receiver has failed. Operational statusof the VLOC receiver is unknown and the unit should bereturned to your Garmin dealer for service.

VLOC needs service —(GNS 430W only) A failure inthe VLOC receiver has been detected. The VLOC receiver

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reporting invalid heading data. The failure may be withinthe WX 500 or other connected equipment.

TERRAIN conguration has changed —The unit’sterrain settings have changed since it was last turned on innormal mode. Contact your Garmin dealer for service.

TERRAIN has failed —The unit has detected a failurein the terrain system. The most likely cause is a missingor corrupt Terrain database. Terrain functionality is notavailable. If the Terrain database is not the cause, the unitshould be returned to your Garmin dealer for service.

Timer has expired —The count down timer has reachedzero.

Trafc device has failed —The400W-series unitcannotcommunicate with the SKY497 or TCAD and/or the SKY497or TCAD is reporting a system failure.

Trafc device needs service —the trafc device is report-ing a system failure.The unit may still be usable, but shouldbe returned (at your earliest convenience) to your Garmindealer for service.

may still be usable, but the unit should be returned (at yourearliest convenience) to your Garmin dealer for service.

VLOC remote transfer key is stuck —(GNS 430Wonly) The remote VLOC transfer switch is stuck in theenabled (or “pressed”) state. Try pressing the switch againto cycle its operation. If the message persists, contact yourGarmin dealer for assistance.

VLOC transfer key stuck —(GNS 430W only) The VLOC ip-opkey is stuck in the enabled (or “pressed”)state. Try pressing the VLOC ip-opkey again to cycleits operation. If the message persists, contact your Garmindealer for assistance. Waypoint already exists —The name you have enteredfor a user waypoint already exists in memory.

Waypoint(s) have been replaced —One or more userwaypoints were updated during a unit-to-unit crosslloperation.


NAV TERMS

Waypoint memory is full — You have used all 1000 userwaypoint locations in the 400W-series unit memory. Deleteunwanted waypoints to make room for new entries.

Turn Advisory and Arrival Annunciations

The following annunciator messages may appear in thelower right corner of the 400W-series unit display:

ARRIVING WPT — Arriving at the destination waypointfor the active leg (waypoint alert).

DTK xxx° xx S — Waypoint alert. Prepare to turn to theindicated heading upon waypoint passage.HOLD DIRECT —“Direct” holding pattern entry.

HOLD PARALLEL —“Parallel” holding pattern entry.

HOLD TEARDROP —“Teardrop” holding pattern entry.

LT TO xxx° xx S —Turn advisory. Turn to the indicatedheading by the time shown.

LT TO xxx° NOW —Turn advisory. Turn to the indicatedheading now.

PTK END xx S —Parallel Offset is terminating by theti h

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time shown.

RT TO xxx° xx S —Turn advisory. Turn to the indicatedheading by the time shown.

RT TO xxx° NOW —Turn advisory. Turn to the indicatedheading now.


NAV TERMS

AbbreviationsThe following is a list of abbreviations used on the 400W-

series unit and their meanings: ACTV — Active

ALT— Altitude

APR— Approach

APT— Airport

ARSPC—Airspace

ARTCC—Air Route Trafc Control Center

ARVL— Arrival

AUX— Auxiliary

AVGAS—Aviation-grade Gasoline

AVTN— Aviation

BARO—Barometric setting

DB— Database

DEN— Density

DEP— Departure

DEPT— Departure guidance

DIS— Distance

DME— Distance Measuring EquipmentDTK— Desired Track

EFF— Efciency

ELEV— Elevation

ENDUR—Endurance

ENR— En Route

ENT— Enter

EPU— Estimated Position Uncertainty

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BARO Barometric setting

BRG— Bearing To

°C— Degree Celsius

C/V— COM/VLOC

CAS— Calibrated Airspeed

CDI— Course Deviation Indicator

CLR— Clear

COM— Communications Transceiver

CRSR— CursorCTA— ICAO Control Area

CTAF— Common Trafc Advisory Frequency

CTR— Center (see ARTCC)

CUM— Cumulative

y

ESA— En Route Safe Altitude

ETA— Estimated Time of Arrival

ETE— Estimated Time En Route

°F— Degrees Fahrenheit

FAF— Final Approach Fix

FF— Fuel Flow

FIR— Flight Information Region

FLTA— Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

FOB— Fuel On Board

FPL— Flight Plan

fpm— Feet Per Minute

FREQ— Frequency

FSS— Flight Service Station

ft— Feet


NAV TERMS

G/S— Glideslope

gl— gallons

GPS— Global Positioning System

GS— Ground Speed

HAL— Horizontal Alarm LimitHDG— Heading

HFOM—Horizontal Figure of Merit

hg— Inches of Mercury

HPL— Horizontal Protection Level

HWY— Highway

IAF— Intermediate Approach Fix

ID— Identier

lb— Pounds

LCL— Local

LFOB— Left-over Fuel On Board

LNAV —Lateral Navigation only

LNAV+V —Lateral Navigation with advisory vertical guidance

LOC— LocalizerLPV — Lateral Precision Performance with Vertical Guidance

LRES— Left-over Fuel Reserve Time

Lrg— Large

lt— Liters

°M— Degrees Magnetic

m— Meters

MAP— Missed Approach Point

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ig— Imperial Gallons

ILS— Instrument Landing System

IND— IndicatedINT— Intersection

INTEG—Integrity

ITI— Imminent Terrain Impact

kg— Kilograms

kHz— Kilohertzkm— Kilometers

kph— Kilometers Per Hour

kt— Knots

L/VNAV —Lateral and vertical navigation guidance,

LNAV/VNAV service levelLAT/LON—Latitude/Longitude

MAHP—Missed Approach Hold Point

MAPR—Missed Approach guidance

mb— Millibars of PressureMed— Medium

MGRS—Military Grid Reference System

MHz— Megahertz

mi— Statute Miles

MOA— Military Operations Area

mph— Statute Miles Per Hour

mpm— Meters Per Minute

mps— Meters Per Second

MSA— Minimum Safe Altitude

MSG— Message

MSL— Mean Sea Level

mul— Multicom


NAV TERMS

NATNL—National

NAV— Navigation

NAVAID—Navigational Aid

NDB— Non-Directional Radio Beacon

NM— Nautical Miles

NRST— NearestNUM— Number

OBS— Omnibearing Selector

OCN— Oceanic

PDA— Premature Descent AlertP.POS— Present Position

PROC—Procedure(s)

SPD— Speed

SQ— Squelch

SRFC— Surface

STAR— Standard Terminal Arrival Route

SUA— Special Use Airspace

SUSP— Waypoint sequencing suspended

°T— Degree True

TACAN—Tactical Air Navigation

TAS— True Airspeed

TAT— Total Air Temperature

TEMP—TemperatureTER— Terrain

TERM—Terminal

TKE T k A l E

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PROV—Province

PTK— Parallel Track

PWR— Power

RAD— Radial

RAIM—Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring

REF— Reference

REQ— Required / Requirements

RESTRICTD—Restricted

RNG— Range

RTC— Required Terrain Clearance

RX— Receive

SBAS— Space-Based Augmentation System

SID— Standard Instrument Departure

Sml— Small

TKE— Track Angle Error

TMA— ICAO Terminal Control Area

TRANS—Transition

TRFC— TrafcTRK— Track (also Ground Track) Angle

TRSA— Terminal Radar Service Area

twr— Tower

TX— Transmit

uni— UnicomUTC— Coordinated Universal Time (also GMT or “zulu”)

UTM/UPS—Universal Transverse Mercator / Universal PolarStereographic grids

VAL— Vertical Alarm Limit

VAR— Variation

VER— Version


NAV TERMS

VFOM—Vertical Figure of Merit

VFR— Visual Flight Rules

VLOC—VOR/Localizer Receiver

VNAV—Vertical Navigation

VOL— Volume

VOR— VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range

VPL — Vertical Protection Level

VS— Vertical Speed

VSR— Vertical Speed Required

WAAS —Wide Area Augmentation System

WPT— Waypoint

WX— Weather

XTK— Crosstrack Error

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NAV TERMS

Navigation Terms

The following navigation terms are used on the400W-series and in this Pilot’s Guide:

X T K

NORTH

WPT 2

B R G

D I S

IR P L

A N E

D T K

T R K

miles per gallon).

ENDUR (endurance)—Flight endurance, or totalavailable ight time based upon available fuel.EPU (estimated position uncertainty)— A measureof satellite geometry quality and additional factors,expressed as a horizontal position error in feet ormeters.ESA (en route safe altitude)—The recommendedminimum altitude within ten miles, left or right, of your desired course on an active ight plan or direct-to.

ETA (estimate time of arrival)—The estimated time

at which you will reach your destination waypoint,based upon current speed and track.

ETE (estimated time en route)—The time it willtake to reach the destination waypoint, from present

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WPT 1

G S A I

R

ALT (altitude)—Height above mean sea level (MSL).BRG (bearing)—The compass direction from yourpresent position to a destination waypoint.CAS (calibrated airspeed)—Indicated airspeed cor-rected for instrument errors.

CUM (cumulative)—The total of all legs in a ightplan (such as “cumulative distance”).DIS (distance)—The geodesic path from your pres-ent position to a destination waypoint.DTK (desired track)—The desired course betweenthe active “from” and “to” waypoints.

EFF (efciency)— A measure of fuel consumption,expressed in distance per fuel units (e.g., nautical

yp pposition, based upon current ground speed.

FF (fuel ow)—The fuel ow rate, expressed in fuelunits per time (e.g., gallons per hour).FOB (fuel on board)—The total amount of usablefuel on board the aircraft.

Geodesic —an arc path that follows the shortest dis-tance along an ellipsoid model of the earth (WGS-84). A geodesic is more accurate than a “great circle” whichassumes a perfect sphere model of the earch.

GS (ground speed)—The velocity you are travellingrelative to a ground position.

HDG (heading)—The direction an aircraft ispointed, based upon indications from a magneticcompass or a properly set directional gyro.

IND (indicated)—Information provided by properly

calibrated and set instrumentation in the aircraft panel(e.g., “indicated altitude”).


NAV TERMS

LFOB (left-over fuel onboard)—The amount of fuel remaining on board after the completion of one ormore legs of a ight plan (or a direct-to).

LRES (left-over fuel reserve)—The amount of fuelremaining on board after the completion of a one ormore legs of a ight plan (or a direct-to), expressed

in time and based upon a known fuel consumption(ow) rate.

MSA (minimum safe altitude)—Uses Grid Mini-mum Off-route Altitudes (Grid MORAs) to deter-mine a safe altitude within ten miles of your presentposition. Grid MORAs are one degree latitude by onedegree longitude in size and clear all reference pointswithin the grid by 1000 feet in areas where the highestreference point is 5000 feet MSL or lower. If the high-est reference point is above 5000 feet, the Grid MORAwill clear the highest reference point by 2000 feet.

TRK (track)—The direction of movement relative toa ground position. Also referred to as “ground track”. VSR (vertical speed required)—The vertical speednecessary to descend from current position and alti-tude to a dened target position and altitude, basedupon your current ground speed.

XTK (crosstrack error)—The distance you are off adesired course in either direction, left or right.

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V E R T I C A L N A V I G A T I O N P R O F I L E V E R T I C A L S P E E D R E Q U I R E D

DISTANCE TO TARGET

TIME AND DISTANCETO PROFILE

TARGET ALTITUDEAND POSITION

AIRPORT

CURRENT ALTITUDEAND POSITION

VerticalNavigation

g p yTKE (track angle error)—The angle differencebetween the desired track and your current track. Anarrow indicates the proper direction to turn to reduceTKE to zero.

APPENDIX A

NavData Card Use

Appendix ANavData Card Use

The Jeppesen NavData® card supplied with your400W-series unit can be installed or removed whenthe 400W-series unit is off. Insert the card with theswing arm handle at the bottom and the label facingto the left (see illustration right). If the NavData cardis not present when the unit is turned on, you willreceive a “No Jeppesen Aviation Database - Limited touser dened waypoints” message on thedatabase conrmation page. If the NavData card is removed duringoperation, a “Data card removed-Unit will restart in 30seconds” warning. The 400W-series unit will automat-ically reinitialize even if the card is reinserted. You mayalso reinitialize the unit manually by pressingENT.

To insert the NavData card:

1 Place the card into the NavData card slot with

To remove the NavData card:

1. Gently press on the tab—using a slight upwardmotion—at the front center of the NavDatacard. This will partially deploy the swing armhandle.

2. Turn the swing arm handle upward (and out-

ward) until it locks into place, perpendicular tothe face of the 400W-series unit.3. Grasp the top and bottom surfaces of the swing

arm handle, between your thumb and foren-ger, and pull directly away from the face of the400W-series unit to unseat the connector andremove the NavData card.

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1. Place the card into the NavData card slot, withthe label facing to the left and the swing armhandle at the bottom front.NOTE:

There are two data card slots on the face of the 400W-series. The Jeppesen NavData® card should be inserted in the left-most slot. The second slot is provided for the terrain card.

2. Press the NavData card into place until it seatson the internal connector and the front of thecard is ush with the face of the 400W-series

unit.3. If the swing arm handle is up, gently lower the

handle and push it into place—ush with theface of the 400W-series unit.

APPENDIX B

Specications

Appendix BSpecications

PHYSICAL

Unit Size: 6.25”W x 11.00”D x 2.69”H(159 mm x 279 mm x 68 mm)

Unit Weight with tray:

400W 5.0 lbs (2.27 kg)420W/420AW 5.5 lbs (2.49 kg)430W/430AW 6.2 lbs (2.61 kg)

POWER Input: 400W/420W/430W 14/28 Vdc

420AW/430AW 28 VdcENVIRONMENTALTemperature: -20°C to +55°C (operating range)

( 4°F t +131°F)

VHF COM PERFORMANCE(GNS 430W only)Channels: 760 (25 kHz spacing) or

2280 (8.33 kHz spacing)Frequency Range: 118.000 MHz to

136.992 MHzTransmit Power: 10 watts minimum

(GNS 430W/GNC 420W)16 watts minimum(GNS 430AW/GNC 420AW)

VOR PERFORMANCE(GNS 430W/AW only)Frequency Range: 108.00 MHz to

117.95 MHzLOCALIZER PERFORMANCE

(GNS 430W/AW only)Frequency Range: 108.10 MHz to

111.95 MHzGLIDESLOPE PERFORMANCE

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(-4°F to +131°F)Humidity: 95% non-condensing Altitude: -1,500 ft to 50,000 ft

(-457 m to 15,240 m)GPS PERFORMANCEReceiver: 15 parallel channel (12 + 3 WAAS)Time to First Fix: 1 min 45 secUpdate Rate: Five per second, continuous Accuracy: Position — < 1.25 m RMS horizontal

< 2 m vertical, with WAASDynamics: 1000 kt maximum velocity

(GNS 430W/430AW only)Frequency Range: 329.15 MHz to 335.00 MHz

INTERFACES• Garmin GDL 69/69A• ARINC 429• Aviation RS-232• CDI/HSI• RMI (digital: clock/data)• Superag Out• Altitude (serial: Icarus, Shadin-Rosetta or

encoded: Gillham/Greycode)• Fuel Sensor• Fuel/Air Data• L3 WX 500 Stormscope• L3 SKY497 SkyWatch• TIS from GTX 330• Ryan 9900B TCAD

APPENDIX C

Troubleshooting Q & A

Appendix CTroubleshooting Q&A

This section is designed to answer some of thecommon questions regarding the 400W-series capabili-ties and operation. If you have a problem operatingthe unit, read through this appendix and refer to the

reference section noted. If you don’t nd answers toyour particular question here, use the index to nd theappropriate section elsewhere in this manual. If, afterreading through the appropriate reference section, youstill haven’t found the answer to your question, pleasesee your authorized dealer or contact GARMIN directlyat the address or phone numbers listed on page ii.GARMIN is dedicated to supporting its products andcustomers.What is RAIM, and how does it affect approach opera-tions?

RAIM is an acronym for Receiver Autonomous Integ-

NOTE: RAIM prediction is not directly related to WAAS integrity.

RAIM integrity prediction is performed by the internalGPS receiver and is performed at all times. WAAS integrityis reported by the WAAS satellite system and only workswithin the WAAS service volume. WAAS approaches re-quire WAAS integrity. Outside of the WAAS service vol-ume, such as an Oceanic ight, RAIM prediction will beused.Why aren’t there any approaches available for myight plan?

Approaches are available for the nal destination air-port in a ight plan or as a direct-to (keep in mind thatsome VOR/VORTAC identiers are similar to airportidentiers). If a destination airport does not have a GPSapproach, the 400W-series unit will indicate “NONE” forthe available procedures—as listed on theairport approach page. For more information on selecting an approach, see

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rity Monitoring, a GPS receiver function that performs aconsistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensuresthat the available satellite geometry will allow the receiverto calculate a position within a specied protection limit(4 NM for oceanic, 2 NM for en route, 1 NM for terminaland 0.3 NM for non-precision approaches).

During oceanic, en route and terminal phases of ight, RAIM will be available nearly 100% of the time.Because of the tighter protection limit on approaches,there may be times when RAIM is not available. The

400W-series unit automatically monitors RAIM andwill warn you with an alert message (see Section 11)when it is not available, and the INTEG annunciator( ) will appear at the bottom left corner of thescreen. If RAIM is not available when crossing the FAF, thepilot must y the missed approach procedure. The 400W-series unit RAIM prediction function will also allow youto see whether RAIM will be available for a specied dateand time.

Section 5 - Procedures.

APPENDIX C


What happens when I select an approach? Can I store aight plan with an approach, departure or arrival?

Whenever you load an approach, departure or arrivalinto the active ight plan, a set of approach, departure orarrival waypoints is inserted into the ight plan—alongwith a header line describing the instrument procedureyou selected. The original en route portion of the ightplan will remain active, unless you “Activate” the instru-ment procedure; which may be done when the procedureis loaded or at a later time.

Flight plans can also be stored with an approach, de-parture or arrival. Keep in mind that the active ight plan

Can I le slant Golf (“/G”) using my GPS?

Yes, you may le your ight plan as /G if your 400W-series unit is an authorized IFR installation. The 400Wseries is a TSO C146a Gamma-3 (Class 3) authorizedGPS navigator. If you are ying en route, you may le /G with an expired database only after you have veried

all route waypoints. Approaches may not be own withan expired database. See your approved Airplane FlightManual Supplement for more information.

What does the OBS key do and when do I use it?

The OBS key is used to select manual (OBS mode) orto suspend automatic sequencing of waypoints. Activat-ing OBS mode (as indicated by an annunciationdirectly above the OBS key) holds your current “active to”waypoint as your navigation reference and prevents theGPS from sequencing to the next waypoint. When OBSmode is cancelled, automatic waypoint sequencing is se-lected and the 400W-series unit will automatically select

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p p g pis erased when the unit is turned off and overwritten whenanother ight plan is activated. When storing ight planswith an approach, departure or arrival, the 400W-seriesunit will use the waypoint information from the cur-rent database to dene the waypoints. If the database ischanged or updated, the 400W-series unit will automati-cally update the information if the procedure has not beenmodied. If an approach, departure or arrival procedureis no longer available, the ight plan will become lockeduntil the procedure is deleted from the ight plan or the

correct database is installed. For information on loadingan approach, departure or arrival. See Section 4 - FlightPlans for instructions on saving and copying ight plans.

lected, and the 400W-series unit will automatically selectthe next waypoint in the ight plan once the aircraft hascrossed the present active-to waypoint.

NORMAL(no “OBS” annunciator)

OBS

Automatic sequencing ofwaypoints

Manual sequencing-“holds” on selectedwaypoint

Change in HSI does notaffect CDI deflection

Manually select course tonext waypoint from HSI

Always navigates “TO” theactive waypoint

Will indicate “TO” or“FROM” waypoint

Must be in this mode forfinal approach course

Cannot be set for final ap-proach course or publishedholding patterns

Whenever OBS mode is active, the 400W-series unit

allows you to select the desired course to/from a waypointusing the HSI (much like a VOR) and display a to/from

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How do I skip a waypoint in an approach, departure,or arrival?

The 400W-series unit allows you to manually selectany approach, departure or arrival leg as the active leg of your ight plan. This procedure is performed from theactive ight plan pageby highlighting the desired waypointand pressingdirect-to twice, thenENTto approve the se-lection (see illustration right). The GPS will then providenavigation along the selected ight plan leg, so be sureyou have clearance to that position.

NOTE: If activating a leg while on the From side,sequencing will be suspended as indicated with

when you are to begin the turn. Set the HSI to thenext DTK value and begin the turn.

3) The To/From indicator on the HSI (or CDI) willip momentarily to indicate that you have crossedthe midpoint of the turn. For more information onwaypoint alerts and turn advisories, see section 5.

When does the CDI scale change, and what does itchange to?

The 400W-series unit begins a smooth CD`I scale tran-sition from the 2.0 NM (en route mode) to the 1.0 NM(terminal mode) scale within 31 NM from the destinationairport (see below). The CDI scale further transitions to2.0° angular (approach mode) at 2 NM prior to the FAFduring an active approach CDI scaling is tightened from1.0 NM to the angular full scale deection (typically theangular full-scale deection is 2.0°, but will be as denedfor the approach.

If you are in a missed approach situation and would

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the SUSP annunciation shown above the OBS key.

How do I y the GPS with an autopilot and DG head-ing bug?If you do not have an HSI, you should make your

course selections on the external CDI’sOBSknob and theDG heading bug.When does turn anticipation begin, and what bankangle is expected?

The 400W-series unit will smooth adjacent leg transi-tions based upon a nominal 15º bank angle (with the abil-ity to increase the bank angle up to 30º) and provide threepilot cues for turn anticipation:

1) A waypoint alert (“LT or RT to ###° x S”) will ashin the lower right corner of the screen 10 secondsbefore the turn point.

2) A ashing turn advisory (“LT or RT TO ###° NOW”)will appear in the lower right corner of the screen

like to return the CDI to the 1.0 NM scale, activate themissed approach sequence by pressing theOBSkey afteryou pass the MAP and the annunciation in the lower leftof the screen changes from MAPR to TERM, as describedin Section 5 - Procedures - Flying the Missed Approach.For this to occur however, the course to the MAHP mustbe greater than 3° away from the course line to the run-way. The CDI scale is also 1.0 NM (terminal mode) within31 NM of the departure airport.

APPENDIX C


Full-Scale deection and dened path for normal approach

±1 NM

Inbound track to FAF

±2 degreeangular

FAF MAP

+350 ft

Origin = 10,000 ftpast MAP

2 nm2 nm 2 nm2 nm

1nm

1nm

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Sensitivity must change from ±1 NM FSD to either ±0.3 NM or±2° FSD, whichever is less at the FAF. Change occurs over 2 NM

and is completed at the FAF.

Full-Scale deection and dened path for VTF approach

Why does my CDI not respond like a VOR when OBSmode is active?

Unlike a VOR, the CDI scale used on GPS equipmentis based on the cross-track distance to the desired course,in OBS mode not an angular relationship to the desti-

nation. Therefore, the CDI deection on the GPS will beconstant regardless of the distance to the destination, andwill not become less sensitive when you are further awayfrom the destination.

CDI Comparison: GPS vs. VOR

APPENDIX C


What is the correct missed approach procedure? Howdo I select the missed approach holding point?

The 400W-series unit does not automatically sequencepast the MAP. Waypoint sequencing to the rst waypointin the missed approach procedure will be enabled whenthe OBSkey is pressed after crossing the MAP. All pub-lished missed approach procedures must be followed, asindicated on the approach plate.

To execute the missed approach procedure prior tothe MAP (not recommended), select the active ight planpage and use thedirect-to key (by pressing it twice) toactivate the missed approach portion of the procedure.

How do I re-select the same approach or activate a newapproach after a missed approach?

After ying all missed approach procedures, you mayreactivate the same approach for another attempt from the procedures page. Once you have been given clearance foranother attempt, activate the approach from the procedurespageby highlighting “Activate Approach?” and then press-

To activate a new approach to a different airport, pressdirect-to and select the desired airport using thesmall and large right knobs. PressENTto accept the selectedairport, then follow the steps in the preceding paragraphto select an approach for the new airport. See section 5 formore information on selecting and activating approaches.

NOTE: Do not attempt to reactivate the same approach you’re currently on, prior to crossing the missed approach point (MAP). If you attempt to do so, an alert message (“Are you sure you want to discontinue the current approach?”) appears.If you still proceed with reactivating the approach, the 400W-series unit directs you back to the transition waypoint and does NOT take into consideration any missed approach procedures.

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pageby highlighting Activate Approach? and then press-ing ENT. The 400W-series unit will provide navigationalong the desired course to the waypoint and rejoin theapproach in sequence from that point on. SeeSection 4- Active Flight Plan Leg Selectionfor information on activat-ing a specic ight plan leg.

To activate a new approach for the same airport, se-lect the new procedure from the procedures page. To viewthe procedures page, pressPROCand turn thelarge rightknob to highlight “Select Approach?”. PressENTand turn

the large right knob to highlight the new approach youwant to y. PressENTto select the approach, then selectthe desired transition. Finally, highlight “Activate?” at thebottom right corner of the screen and pressENTto acti-vate the new approach.

APPENDIX D

Index

Index

Symbols3D navigation8, 56

AAbbreviations116, 118, 119, 125, 126, 127, 177, 184AccessoriesiiiAcquiring satellites8, 55Activate ight plan22, 68Active ight plan21, 67, 70, 72, 76, 77, 79, 81, 121, 130,

151, 155, 156Active leg13, 30, 73, 77, 92, 97, 183, 195Airport

Approach113, 116, 120, 121, 192Arrival122

Departure123Frequency118Runway117

Airspace36, 140, 177, 181Alarm165, 167Alert 20, 134, 141, 142, 143, 167

Procedure turn85VTF82, 96

Approach Channel122ARINC181, 191Arrival17, 51, 75, 78, 81, 122, 168, 177, 195ARTCC18, 26, 133, 134, 138, 139, 184Auto-tuning24, 25, 146Automatic CDI switching110Automatic operation155Autopilot94, 103, 110, 111, 195Auto zoom34, 38Aux pages149

Flight planning150Setup 1 164Setup 2 171Utility158

Aviation data42BBackcourse107, 110Backlight171, 172, 178, 179Bank angle182, 195Barometric pressure151 154 169

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, , , , ,Frequencies36

Alarms165, 167Alerts

Terrain 47ALT188Altitudei, 14, 20, 31, 40, 41, 44, 46, 47, 52, 55, 56, 72, 87,

92, 95, 98, 100, 106, 109, 118, 119, 141, 143, 149,150, 151, 154, 155, 165, 167, 169, 177, 181, 188,191

Altitude buffer143, 165, 167Altitude input100, 181Annunciations47, 59, 83, 120, 183Approach17, 45, 74, 78, 81, 177, 181, 192, 195

Activate82Airport120DME arc93Hold 89ILS102LNAV/VNAV83, 109

Localizer110LPV83, 107

Barometric pressure151, 154, 169Basemap 178, 181Basic approach operation83

CCatalog 11, 21, 32, 67, 68, 156Cautions i, 45, 48, 142CDI4, 61, 110, 148, 165, 167, 178, 194, 195Ceiling20, 36, 141, 142Channel spacing171, 172, 173Checklists7, 158, 159City 37, 62, 125, 126Clear 3CLR3Com 2, 9, 178, 191

Conguration172Squelch23Tuning 24Volume 23Window 24

Comment 68, 72Controlled airspace20, 33, 36, 133, 134, 141

APPENDIX D

Index

Count down timer182Course from98Course from x to altitude100Course from x to distance98Course from x to DME distance98Course from x to manual sequence101Create ight plan21Creating user waypoints127

Cross-side70, 156Crossll32, 70, 131, 151, 155, 179CRSR3, 184CTAF135, 136, 184Cursor 3

DDatabase i, iii, 32, 41, 44, 45, 49, 82, 121, 156, 158, 190,

193Database version44, 159, 164Data base integrity error177, 178Data elds13, 14, 30, 32, 34, 37, 40, 52, 72, 152Data transfer155, 179Date 157, 162, 163, 166, 170Dead reckoning59 180

EFIS129Emergency channel2, 27ENDUR152, 184ENR83ENT3Enter 3Environmental191En route 45, 51, 83

EPU56, 184, 188FFacility name62, 114, 115, 116, 125, 126, 138, 139Factory settings32, 41, 54, 170, 174FDE56, 175FIR18, 133, 184Flight plan4, 21, 67, 150

Activate22, 68Active72Catalog 21, 67, 68Copy 70Create 21, 69Delete 71Editing67

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Dead reckoning59, 180Declutter14, 34Default Nav page13, 16, 30

Density altitude151, 154Departure17, 46, 51, 75, 78, 81, 123, 195Departure time154, 158, 161DG heading195Direct-To3, 16, 36, 61

Cancelling65Flight plan destination63Manual course65Nearest airport63Shortcuts64

Display backlight171, 172Distance measurements39DME Arc93Dual units32Duplicate waypoint115

E

E6B 149, 150EFF152, 184, 188

Editing67Invert 69Shortcuts78

Flight timers158, 161Flip-op key2Floor 20, 36, 141, 142ForewordiiFPL4Frequency118Frequency list15, 26, 51, 118FSS26, 133, 134, 139Fuel ow6Fuel on board6Fuel planning150

GGAD180Geodesic 188Glideslope24, 145, 180, 191GNC 420W/AW1

GNS 430W/AW1GPS 180, 191

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APPENDIX D

Index

Odometer162

PPacking listiiiPage groups 10, 29Panning 35Parallel track77PDA48

Phase of ight46Position 52, 166, 169Power on 5Power up 5Premature descent alerting48PROC4Procedures4, 17Procedure turn85PTT178

RRAIM158, 162, 192Range 3Reference waypoint53, 127REQ152

d l

Slant golf193Software version159, 164Sort list72Special use airspace20Specications191Squelch23Standard packageiiiStandby frequency9

STARs17, 75, 122Stormscope182Stuck microphone27Sunrise/sunset159, 163Symbols44

TTakeoff tour1Target altitude177TAS151, 154TERM83Terminal45, 83Terminology177Terrain 41

Alerts 50

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Required terrain clearance47Reset all 162Reset max speed162Reset odometer162Reset trip 162Restore defaults78Restoring factory settings32, 54, 170, 174RNG152Roll steering110RTC47Runway117, 172

SSatellite status55SBAS173Scheduler151, 157, 181Searching sky8, 55Select frequency9, 15Self-test6Setup page 164, 171SIDs17, 123

Symbols44Time 166, 170

Timer182Trafc40, 182Transitions120Trip planning150Trip statistics162Troubleshooting192Turn anticipation195

UUnits of measure166, 169User comment68User waypoint127UTC166, 170Utility158

VVectors to Final74, 82, 96Vertical guidance109Vertical navigation56

APPENDIX D

Index

Vertical speed58, 169VFOM56VHF com191VLOC2, 9, 110, 145, 181, 182

Ident audio 145Tuning 145

VNAV56, 177Volume 23

VOR126, 137, 145, 191VSR58, 189

WWAAS approach ID122Warranty ivWaypoint 113, 195

Airport116Airport frequency118Airport runway117Approach120Arrival122City 114Departure123Duplicate115

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Facility114Identier114

Intersection125Modify user129NDB125User 127, 138VOR126

WGS 84166, 181Winds 151, 154Wind vector37, 39Wx broadcast126

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© 2006 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries

Garmin International, Inc.1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A.

Garmin AT Inc

8/6/2019 190-00356-00 400W Pilot Guide


Garmin AT, Inc.2345 Turner Rd., S.E., Salem, Oregon 97302, U.S.A.

Garmin (Europe) Ltd.Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey, SO51 9DL, U.K.

Garmin CorporationNo. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road, Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan

www.garmin.com

Part Number 190-00356-00 Rev A

190-00356-00 400w pilot guide

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