19 November 2010

The Hemorrhage DiagramEvents already covered:

Events that lead to a decreased MAPDetection by baroreceptorsSympathetic effects on the heart rate and stroke volumeParasympathetic effect on heart rateAlpha-adrenergic effects on arterioles and TPRPressure and flow to the kidneyThe Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone pathway

Multiple effects of Angiotensin IISource, target, and effect of Aldosterone

Explanations for cold, clammy skin and rapid, shallow pulseRemaining responses

EPO and hematocritStarling forces and autotransfusionVenoconstrictionVasopressin and Atrial Natriuretic Hormone

Revised Abstracts are due at the start of class on Friday, December 3rd.

Q. What do I submit with my revision?A. Your revised abstract should be stapled on top of all the papers submitted with the original, along with the Grading Rubric that has your scores on the original version so that Dr. Nguyen can verify that you've addressed those aspects that need improvement.Q. Can I get more feedback beyond the written comments?A. Yes, you may schedule an appointment with Dr. Nguyen by signing up for a time on her Office Door (Milliken 104). Appointments should take no more than about 10 minutes.Q. Are these face-to-face consultations required?A. No. They are intended as a supplemental way to gain additional feedback prior to making revisions.Q. Will Dr. Nguyen proofread my revised abstract before the final submission?A. No. There are over 70 abstracts and insufficient time for this degree of individual feedback.Q. Am I allowed to consult classmates or other persons as I make revisions?A. No. This work should be entirely your own.Q. Must I turn in a revised abstract?A. No. If you're satisfied with your grade on the original, you need not submit a revision, and your grade on the original will be the overall grade on the abstract.Q. How much does the revision count?A. The abstract grades is based 70% upon the original and 30% on the revised, unless a revised version is not submitted, in which case the original counts 100% of the grade.Q. Is it possible to make a lower grade than the original?A. Yes, but this is very unlikely if the author considers the reviewers suggestions and incorporates those improvements.Q. Can I turn my abstract in early?A. Yes. Once you've made your revisions and are ready to turn it in, please do so. That will allow Dr. Nguyen to spread the workload over time, which would be much appreciated.Q. When can we expect our final grade on abstract?A. Sometime during exam week.Q. How can I contact Dr. Nguyen?A. email at nguyenkr@wofford.edu or Office Phone 597-5048.

Test # 3Test # 3 on November 22 coversSmooth Muscle (in Chapter 9), Control of Movement (Chapter 10) and Cardiovascular Physiology (Chapter 12) coverage:

All of Sections A, B, C, and D and Section E excluding the portions on maximal oxygen consumption and heart failure. Section F (Blood and Hemostasis) is not covered in this course this semester.

Prepare a hemorrhage diagram according to the instruction provided in class. You should be able to re-create your hemorrhage diagram from memory in less than 10 minutes.

Expect about 40 multiple choice questions on cardiovascular topics, less than 10 on control of movement, and about 5 on smooth muscle.

Note: Over half of the multiple choice questions have only 2 or 3 options (a, b) or (a, b, c) and students who have studied well will be able to answer these questions very, very quickly.

Expect about six "Short answer in the space provided" type questions, of which you'll select 3 to answer.

Test 3 Hemorrhage DiagramOne the back side of this page, create a diagram for the following. Your response must be confined to the reverse side of this page and you must write legibly. Your response will count 15-20% of the grade on Test 3 and should require no more than ten minutes to complete at the beginning of the test.

Beginning with a loss of about 1 liter of blood from a vein, diagram the early events associated with hemorrhage and the negative feedback responses to hemorrhage in a well-organized diagram. Write legibly! Completeness, accuracy, and detail, together with the proper sequence earn maximal points.

The following abbreviations can be used: mAChR, Hct, Q, SV, RBC, HR, EDV, ACh, ANH, ADH, CO, TPR, EPO, VR, MAP, EPI, NE, SAN, aAdR , bAdR, Symp (sympathetic), Parasymp (parasympathetic), PV, r (radius), Pc, fAP (frequency of action potentials.) Any other abbreviations must be defined. "If in doubt, write it out!" Use single headed arrows (→) to indicate sequential relationships and doubled-stemmed arrows to indicate increases or decreases.

S 1

MAP = CO x TPR

Mean Arterial Pressure = Cardiac Output x Total Peripheral Resistance

MAP = (HR x SV) x TPR

S 2

VenoconstrictionEPO and hematocritVasopressin and Atrial Natriuretic HormoneStarling forces and autotransfusion

Figure 12.41

Crystalloids

Colloids

Bulk Flow

S 3

Figure 12.42

Main difference in the Pulmonary circuit?

Net filtration = 4L/day

Bulk Flow through aqueous channels and intracellular clefts

Regulated by arterioles

Starling Forces

S 4

Fig. 12.43

Pc

Pc

Pc

S 5

Figure 12.47

Liver &Bone Marrow

& Spleen

Fate of 4 L/d excess filtrate

S 6

Mode of propulsion?

Who Cares?Aunt Esther

Cancer of the liver;Failure of hepatocytes to produce plasma colloids

S 7

Figure 12.41

Crystalloids

Colloids

Bulk Flow

S 8

Who Cares?

Physiology of support hoseAnd surgical compression cuffs

S 9

Figure 12.41

Crystalloids

Colloids

Bulk Flow

S 10

Who Cares

High blood pressureTreatment: Lisinopril

S 11