187496449 guidelines-for-minority-project-report-for-lldims

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click here for freelancing tutoring sitesGuidelines for a Project Report

Why a report?The production of a good piece of technical writing for a project report is as much a part of the project as doing the experimental work. However excellent and original piece of work the project may be, unless the results can be communicated to other people it may as well not have been done!Communicating results of an investigation in a clear and useful way is a key part of science and is the reason for devoting a lot of effort to this aspect.

What level?The main part of the report should be comprehensible by other stage students. If more detailed information is to be included about some aspects (for instance, a complicated mathematical derivation, of which only the result is essential to the main discussion) consider including this as an appendix.

The nuts and bolts.The students have a subject PDCS-II in their IInd sem of BBA syllabus in which they are being taught about the project report. Considering that in mind the students have to follow the following format for making project report:

Each student will make three copies of project report in the recommended format. One copy is to be submitted to the HOD, BBA individually on or before …(Date)………….. . The students will keep one copy of the project for their further reference in future and two copies at the institute where they have done their summer training (if required).

Each student is required to make one copy of project in CD and submit along with his/her project report.

All the students are required to follow the following instruction. o There should not be any deviation from requirement of reproducing the cover

page of the report as in the format prescribed below.

Sections that you need to include are:

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1. Cover page2. Certificate

3. Declaration

4. Acknowledgement

5. Preface

6. Table of content

7. Executive summary or Abstract

8. Body of the project report

(i) Introduction

(ii) Objective of study

(iii) Research methodology

(iv) Presentation and Analysis

(v) Limitations

(vi) Conclusion and recommendations

(vii) Bibliography / References

First Page: The first page of the project report is a title page. Although title page forms differ from one institution to another, they usually include:

1. The name of the topic or the title of the study2. Full name of the candidate and his department and enrollment no.3. Name of the project guide and the institution to which the report is submitted4. Name of the supervisor under which internship training taken5. Degree for which the report is to be presented (submitted)

These items are centered between the margins of the page and no terminal punctuation is used. The title is presented in capital letters of principal words are capitalized in other items. If the title extends beyond one line, it is double spaced and placed in an inverted pyramid style.

For example,“Rainbows” is poor – is this an investigation of the occurrence of rainbows in medieval illuminated manuscripts? or their use as metaphors in popular art?

Or what?A better choice might be:

“Rainbows: the deflection of light by liquid droplets and the determination of droplet refractive index from measurements of rainbow phenomena”

The title should be concise and indicate clearly the purpose of the study. It should not claim more for the study than it actually delivers. Its key words would make it easy for bibliographers to index the study in the proper category. The students should take care that the topic should not be in the generalized form; it should reflect the core department or research area in which the student has taken his / her work of project report.For example,“a study of problems in the human resource management of ICICI bank”

Or what?A better choice might be:“ Challenges faced in recruitment and selection policy with special reference to ICICI bank”

For sample please refer to appendix 1.

Second Page:

DECLARATION

The student is required to declare in the prescribed standard for the originality of the project.

For sample refer to Appendix 5.

Third page:

CERTIFICATE

For 5th sem students:

Company’s Certificate of Completion of project should bear signature of the officer concerned in the organization where the student has under gone training as well as that of the head of the BBA programme. The certificate should be on the letter head of the company.

For 3rd sem students:

Certificate by the head of the department and project incharge that the work is unique. For sample please refer to appendix 2.

Fourth Page:

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The acknowledgement page is largely a matter of courtesy. The investigator acknowledges the guidance and assistance he has received in carrying out the study. It conveys the indebtedness for the professional, academic and administrative assistance received by him.

For sample refer to Appendix 4.

Fifth page:

a) Table of Contents –It includes in it the chapter headings, the major sub divisions of the chapter and sometimes the topics within the sub divisions. The chapter titles are usually typed in capital letters and the sub divisions headings in small letters with the initial letter of the principal words capitalized. All titles and headings appear in the exact words and order as they do in the report, and each is followed by the correct page citation. The title page and Certificate will not find a place among the items listed in the Table of Contents but the page numbers of which are in lower case Roman letters. One and a half spacing should be adopted for typing the matter under this head.

A specimen copy of the Table of Contents of the project report is given in Appendix 3.

b) List of tables and figures: if tables and figures form a part of the report, their lists are given on separate pages. The full titles of figure and tables, worded exactly as they appear in the text, are presented with corresponding numbers and page locations.

Sixth Page:

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

If your report is long, you should be realistic and assume that some key individual may not have time to read it in its totality. In addition, providing a summary of the report will help ensure that readers get the major points you are trying to make. The management summary is a condensed accurate statement of what is important in a report. This one to two page summary is a must for most research reports. Since many executives read only the management summary it is extremely important that this section be both accurate and well written. That management summary is not the miniature of the main report. Rather it provides the decision maker with those research findings having the most impact on the decision to be made. The executive summary is written specifically for decision makers and should enable them to take action.

Seventh page onwards

Body of Project report –

The body of the report may be broadly divided into 4 parts (i) Introduction, (ii) Objectives of the study (iii) Research Methodology (iv) Presentation and Analysis (v) Limitation (vi) Conclusions and recommendations and vii) Bibliography/References

(i) Introduction:The purpose of the introduction is to provide the reader with background information needed to understand the remainder of the report. The nature of the introduction is conditioned by diversity of the audience and their familiarity with the research project. The more diverse the audience, the more the extensive the introduction. The introduction must clearly explain the nature of the decision problem and the research objectives. Background information should be provided on the product or service involved and the circumstances surrounding the decision problem.

(ii) Objectives of the study: The background of the problem under study is thoroughly provide in the first pages of the study is developed by giving its significance and importance. This importance of the investigation will be further highlighted by enlisting purposes and objectives of the study.

(iii) Research Methodology: The above stated objectives of the investigation need to be fulfilled. If your research involved a survey or other primary data collection, describe the methods by which the data was obtained and the sample sizes involved. The purpose of the methodology section is to describe the nature of the research design, the sampling plan and the data collection and analysis procedure. It should tell reader whether the design exploratory or conclusive. The resources of data- secondary or primary – should be explained. The methodology section is designed 1) to summaries the technical aspects of the research project in a style which is comprehensible to the non technician and 2) to develop confidence in the quality of the procedures used.

(iv) Results and Analysis: The bulk of the report is composed of research findings which should be organized around the research objective and information needs the reporting’s of findings must have a definite point of view and should fit together into a logical whole .it should not just be a presentation of and endless series of tables. Rather, it requires the organization of the data into work of logical information for decision making purposes.

(v) Limitations: The limitation section of the report presents a dilemma. Every research project has short comings which need to be communicated in a clear and concise manner. The propose of this section is not only to disparage the quality of the project , but rather to enable the reader to judge validity of the study results. The limitation in a marketing research project generally involves sampling, non response, inadequacy and methodological weaknesses.

(vi) Conclusions and recommendations:Conclusion is the most vital part of a study because it recapitulates the information that has been presented in the previous section of the report. Most readers scan the summary first to obtain an overview of the problem and to determine the usefulness of the study to them. If the study is pertinent to their purposes, they examine the remaining chapters. so in the concluding section we briefly summarize our major findings and describe the implications of these findings for marketing decision making.

Recommendation for further research is then made. It may be appropriate in concluding recommendation part of the report to indicate promising side problems that have been uncovered and to suggest areas or problems for further investigations.

(vii) References / Bibliography: Your report should be sufficient to indicate to the reader what you have done, what you found out and provide enough information for them to repeat the work if they so wished. You will have made use of information from a variety of sources. By including a reference to the source others can check your work and reduce the time taken to make further advances.There are generally three types of reference according to the source, journal article, book, and web site. Book – you need to cite title, authors, date published, edition (if not first), Cityof publication and publisher. e.g. “Elements of Nuclear Physics” W. E. Burcham, (London) Longman, 1979.A journal article, “The speed of light by interferometry” A. Dixon, Journal of Light, vol. 3, pp. 123-234, 2003.A web page, http://www.gobbeldygook.co.uk

The references should be arrange in alphabetical order according to the surname of author (book/ research papers).

Doing the report:

the following plan is suggested for writing a report.

Identify the problem you wish to study. Often this can be simply done by deciding which diagrams and graphs of data you wish to include.

Draw up a plan of what you want to say and how this fits around the diagrams/graphs you want to use.

Extend you plan to an outline that includes all the section headings you will need.

Check through the outline to see that sequence is sensible and that nothing vital has been ignored.

Check your outline through with someone else e.g. fellow student, tutor or demonstrator.

Write a first full draft of the report.

Check the first draft through for consistency, obvious errors and omissions (e.g. figure captions missing? References still to do?) If you can get a friend to read through it critically so much the better.

Revise the draft and re-check until you are satisfied.

Submit report in time.

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(Appendix 1)(For 3 rd semester )MINOR PROJECT REPORT THIRD SEMESTER

ON(TITLE OF THE PROJECT)

(14 font size, Times New Roman, Capital)

SUBMITTED BY(NAME OF STUDENT)

Enrollment no.

STUDENT OF

LINGAYA’S LALITA DEVI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT & SCIENCES

MANDI ROAD, NEW DELHI-110047

FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

UNDER THE SUPERVISIONOF

Mr. …………………….(Faculty Name)

SUBMITTED TO

GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPASTHA UNIVERSITYDELHI, INDIA

(Appendix 1) (For 5 th semester )SUMMER TRAINING / INTERNSHIP PROJECT REPORT




Enrollment no.

STUDENT OF






Mr. …………………….(Reporting Officer in the training company)

SUBMITTED TO


(Appendix 1) (For 6 th semester )MAJOR PROJECT REPORT SIXTH SEMESTER




Enrollment no.

STUDENT OF


Mr. …………………….(Project Guide)

SUBMITTED TO


(Appendix 2)

CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “……….TITLE OF THE

PROJECT……………..” is the bonafide work of “…………..NAME OF

THE CANDIDATE(S).…………” and has carried out

the project work under the supervision of <Name of faculty>.

<<Signature of the Head of the Department>> <<Signature of the Class Incharge>> SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

<<Name>> <<Name>> HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT Project Incharge

<<Department>> <<Department>>

<<Full address of the Dept & College >> <<Full address of the Dept & College >>

APPENDIX 3



TABLE OF CONTENTS

(the table of content should be in the format of table)

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii

PREFACE iv

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY v

LIST OF TABLE (if any) xii

LIST OF FIGURES xviii

LIST OF SYMBOLS xxvii

1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 GENERAL 1

1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

1.2.1 General 5

1.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.2.2.1 General 19

1.2.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . 25

1.2.2.3 . . . . . . . . . . 29

1.2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

1.3 . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 45

1.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

2. LITERATURE REVIEW 69

2.1 GENERAL 75

2.2 . . . . . . . . . . 99

2.2 ……………. 100

APPENDIX 4

For 3 rd and 6 th Semester

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to [LECTURER

NAME] (the Guide of the project for guiding) for his/her cordial support,

valuable information and guidance, which helped me in completing this task

through various stages.

I express my thanks to the HOD [Name] of BBA Department for his support in

completing the project.

I would also like to express my gratitude towards my parents and people who

have willingly helped me out with their abilities in completion of this project.

For 5 th Semester

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to [LECTURER

NAME] (the Guide of the project for guiding) for his/her cordial support,

valuable information and guidance, which helped me in completing this task

through various stages.

I express my thanks to the HOD [Name] of BBA Department for his support in

completing the project. My deep sense of gratitude to [NAME]

(DESIGNATION), [COMPANY NAME WHERE THE PROJECT WAS

UNDERTAKEN] for his/her support and guidance.

I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents and people who have

willingly helped me out with their abilities in completion of this project.

APPENDIX 5

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project work entitled “[PROJECT TITLE]” submitted

to [UNIVERSITY NAME], is a record of an original work done by me under

the guidance of [RESPECTIVE NAME], Faculty Member, [RESPECTIVE

COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY NAME AND PLACE FROM WHERE THE

FACULTY MEMBER IS FROM ], and this project work has not performed

the basis for the award of any Degree to the best of my knowledge.



[STUDENT NAME] [ENROLLMENT NO]

[SIGNATURE OF STUDENT]

187496449 guidelines-for-minority-project-report-for-lldims

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