By Tia-Reisa Apaloo-Clarke

Research into 180

Degree Rule,

Match on Action &

Shot Types

180 Degree Rule.

This is a rule used in film-making. The camera cannot

cross the 180 degree axis as it can become very

confusing. For example, if you are watching a football

game and you see the runner, running on the right and

then we cut to him running to the left, it would confuse

the viewer.

Why we have the 180 Degree

Rule...

In this picture, the camera is located

on the opposite side, because of this

Bear A is now on the right side and

Bear B on the left. This could now

cause confusion to the audience as

when watching a film the objects are

now on different sides and do not

match, viewers may think they

changed sides. This pictures shows

the 180 degree rule being used

incorrectly.

The bears are having a conversation.

The Brown bear is 'Bear A' and the

spotty bear is 'Bear B'. Bear A is on the

the left side and Bear B is on the right

side. This picture shows the 180 degree

rule being used correctly.

Match on action

Shot 1 shows the action of

the woman looking at the

bookshelf.

Shot 2 shows the woman

reading the book.

This shows the continuity

between the two actions

Match on action, is a editing technique, which shows

the continuity between shots. The shots are edited

and aligned to show continuity, this creates a visual

bridge.

Shot Types

Medium Shot:

This shot usually

shows just above

the subjects knees

up to their head.

Over The

Shoulder:

This shot is taken

behind the

shoulder of the

subject to see

someone else. It is

most commonly

used for when two

people are having

a conversation.

Two Shot: This

shot is usually

used to show a

relationship

between two

people, it can

also be used to

show two

friends side by

side.

Shot Reverse Shot

Bear A is seen in

this shot, he is

having a

conversation with

Bear B. The

camera is placed

on Bear A, while

he speaks.

The camera now

shows Bear B

while he is

speaking, This

shows eye contact

between the two

subjects that are

being filmed.

The camera now

shows Bear A

again and a

conversation is

now established.

shot reverse shot

is useful for

showing

interactions.

Extreme Close-Up:

This shot focuses

on a particular

action. In this

picture it is the eyes

and ears of Bear A.

This is usually used

to show facial

expressions in

conversations or to

highlight something

significant.

Point Of View:

This shows the

view point of

the actor. You

can usually see

the actors

hands or feet in

the picture, so

you know what

type of shot it

is.

Aerial Shot:

This shows a

view from high

above and is

sometimes a

place or scene in

the movie. The

audience can

see everything

that is

happening at

once.