Slide 1

1564-1616

Slide 2

Do our differences define us? What are the elements of drama? How do playwrights use them to achieve their purpose?

Slide 3

Aside Actor speaks directly to the audience, not heard by other actors on stage Dramatic Irony-the audience knows more than the character does. Creates incongruity. Comic Relief comedic scene to relieve tension Conflict Struggle between opposing forces Man vs. Man Man vs. Society Man vs. Nature Man vs. Self

Slide 4

Denouement closing of action final resolution Monologue extended speech by one actor to other characters Protagonist main character Setting Time and place Soliloquy Speech to the audience (actors inner thoughts)

Slide 5

Born April, 1564 in Stratford Upon Avon Parents: Mary Arden and John Shakespeare John Shakespeare: Leatherworker, Prominent Man in Stratford

Slide 6

1582-Married at age 18 Anne Hathaway 26 years old & pregnant Daughter Twins-male died at age 11

Slide 7

This period of time is known as the English Renaissance. The Renaissance began in Italy and spread to other European cultures. The English Renaissance was from the 1480s to the 1660s. Renaissance means rebirth.

Slide 8

And why does it matter?

Slide 9

Slide 10

Paradigm means World View

Slide 11

Medieval time period is also known as the Middle Ages. From mid 1000s to mid 1400s Church had all the control. Kings and Queens and nobles had the rest of the power.

Slide 12

Church taught that people were meant to suffer; it was the only way to get to Heaven. God and the world were not meant to be understood. Human life here was unimportant. Taught the Seven Deadly Sins: Pride, Envy, Wrath (Anger), Sloth (Laziness), Lust, Avarice (Greed), Gluttony

Slide 13

Medieval Times meant NO FUN ALLOWED

Slide 14

A total change in World View

Slide 15

Rebirth of Ancient Greek and Roman ideas

Slide 16

Human life on earth is important

Slide 17

Maybe God (or the church) doesnt have all the answers

Slide 18

Delight in the arts and literature

Slide 19

There is beauty in nature.

Slide 20

Human impulses are to be enjoyed.

Slide 21

The world can be mastered.

Slide 22

Christianity is still very important.

Slide 23

Slide 24

Slide 25

Career began as an actor for the Lord Chamberlains Men circa 1588 Acting Guild Performed plays around London

Slide 26

154 Sonnets 2 Narrative Poems Several Other Poems 37 Plays

Slide 27

Tragedies Comedies Histories

Slide 28

Romeo and Juliet Julius Caesar And more, such as Macbeth, Hamlet King James I Became King of England in 1603 Actor Company changed name to The Kings Men

Slide 29

All Shakespearean tragedies followed a certain pattern. Both the pattern and many of the ideas for Renaissance drama came from the Ancient Greeks. Since the word renaissance means rebirth, playwrights and artists were returning to the Ancient Greeks and Romans for inspiration.

Slide 30

Protagonist (main character or hero) Also known as tragic hero Noble by birth Important to community Hamartia Error in judgment Causes the hero to suffer

Slide 31

Moira-personification of fate Hero is doomed by fate Separation from community Hero rejects compromise Peripeteia Reversal of fortune Action takes a turn

Slide 32

Pity and Fear in the audience Catharsis Purging of these emotions

Slide 33

Anagnorisis (recognition) Hero learns through suffering

Slide 34

Inevitable Defeat Hero is courageous despite his defeat

Slide 35

The Merchant of Venice Twelfth Night Happy Endings Usually a marriage Queen Elizabeth I Queen of England during Shakespeares life until 1603 Shakespeare performed many comedies

Slide 36

Slide 37

Open Air Theatre London Circa 1598 Lord Chamberlains Men (also known as the Kings Men) Performed at this theatre

Slide 38

Slide 39

Poor Forced to stand in the pit Called the Groundlings Actually better viewing area than seats Closer to the action

Slide 40

Scenery Not elaborate Balcony Trapdoor

Slide 41

Seating available for wealthy nobles Seats around the inside perimeter of theatre

Slide 42

Slide 43

Actors Men and young boys only Young boys played the roles of women Unacceptable for women to be on stage Masks and Costumes

Slide 44

Not Old English Not Middle English Elizabethan English Early Modern English Similar to our English A few differences

Slide 45

Iambic Pentameter Iambic unstressed, stressed Think syllables or beats 2 beats/syllables per iamb (unstressed, stressed) Pentameter- Think penta 5 5 iambic feet per line How many syllables / beats per line?

Slide 46

Also known as Blank Verse Very popular writing style at the time Shakespeare DID NOT invent it Easier to memorize Easier for the actors to put the emphasis on the right words When Shakespeare deviates from blank verse, there is ALWAYS a reason.

Slide 47

Word play Suggests two or more meanings Usually a deliberate confusion of the meaning of the word Can be humorous or serious Shakespeare uses them very often, usually for humorous reasons

Slide 48

A man rushed into a busy doctor's office and shouted, "Doctor! I think I'm shrinking!" The doctor calmly responded, "Now, settle down. You'll just have to be a little patient. What did one plate say to the other plate? Lunch is on me! Time flies like an arrow. Fruit flies like a banana.

Slide 49

Invented Many Words Majestic, Critical, Dwindle Coined Many Phrases One fell swoop Flesh and blood Vanish into thin air

Slide 50

Aside Actor speaks directly to the audience, not heard by other actors on stage Climax Turning point in the action Comic Relief comedic scene to relieve tension Conflict Struggle between opposing forces Man vs. Man Man vs. Society Man vs. Nature Man vs. Self

Slide 51

Denouement closing of action final resolution Monologue Speech by one actor Protagonist main character Setting Time and place Soliloquy Speech to the audience (actors inner thoughts)