13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 -...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
13.3 반응물의 농도 vs. 반응시간
![Page 2: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
일차 반응(First-Order Reactions): 반응 속도가 반응물의농도의 1승에 의존하는 반응
A 생성물
속도 = -d[A]
dt속도 = k [A]1
k = 속도
[A]= 1/s 또는 s-1
M/s
M=
![Page 3: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
[A]t t = t 일 때의 농도
[A]0 t = 0 일 때의 농도
d[A]
dt= k [A]-
[A]t
[A]0
= -ktln ln [A]t = - kt + ln[A]0
![Page 4: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
2N2O5 4NO2(g) + O2(g)
화학반응이 일차반응일 경우 속도상수 구하는 법
![Page 5: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
![Page 6: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
C2H6N2 N2 + C2H6
![Page 7: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
![Page 8: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
반응의 반감기 (Half-life, t1/2)
반감기: 반응물의 초기 농도가 반이 되는데 걸리는 시간
![Page 9: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
1차 반응 A 생성물의 반응 시간에 대한[A]t의 그래프
2N2O5 4NO2(g) + O2(g)
일차 반응의 반감기
![Page 10: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
일차반응의 반감기는 반응물의 초기 농도에 무관
[A]0
[A]t
t =1
kln
t1/2=[A]0
[A]0/2
1
kln t1/2=
0.693
k
1
kln 2 =
ln [A]t = - kt + ln[A]0
![Page 11: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
![Page 12: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
![Page 13: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
이차 반응(Second-Order Reactions):
반응 속도가 반응물의 농도의 2승에 의존하는 반응
A 생성물
속도 = -d[A]
dt속도 = k [A]2
k = 속도[A]2
= 1/M •sM/sM2=
d[A]
dt= k [A]2-
이차 반응(Second-Order Reactions)
![Page 14: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
d[A]
dt= k [A]2-
반감기 t = t½
[A]t = [A]0/2
[A]t t = t 일 때의 농도
[A]0 t = 0일 때의 농도
1
[A]t
=1
[A]0
+ kt
t½ =1
k [A]0
![Page 15: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
I + I I2
![Page 16: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
![Page 17: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
영차 반응(Zero-Order Reactions)
A 생성물
속도 = -d[A]
dt속도 = k [A]0 = k
k = 속도 = M/sd[A]
dt= k-
영차 반응(Zero-Order Reactions):
반응 속도가 반응물의 농도에 무관한 반응
![Page 18: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
d[A]
dt= k-
[A]t t = t 일 때의 농도[A]0 t = 0일 때의 농도
반감기 t=t½[A]t = [A]0/2
t½ =[A]0
2k
[A]t = [A]0 - kt
![Page 19: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
B
A
B
![Page 23: 13.3 반응물의농도 vs. 반응시간 - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/chungang/hanseungsu/...이차반응(Second-Order Reactions): 반응속도가반응물의농도의2승에의존하는반응](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060718/607e4d54d0ed5c528b73bce2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)