13.1 bolting 12 14 10 - oregon state...

Section 13

Bolting 13.1 High Strength Structural Bolting 1

Field Tests 6

Rotational Capacity Test for Long Bolts 7 Rotational Capacity Test for Short Bolts 23 Verification Tests 30 Job Inspection Torque 34 Field Inspection 36 Other Types of Bolt Situations 39

High Strength Structural Bolts 13.1

January, 2011 1

High Strength Structural Bolting

Steel Girder Construction

• High strength structural bolts are installed using the Turn-of-Nut Method.

• DTI’s are not used.


January, 2011 2

What Is High Strength Bolting & Why Is It Important?

• A325 or A490 Bolts are tightened to a prescribed tension to produce enough Friction force in a connection to resist imposed loads.

• High Strength Connections (slip critical connections) do not rely on bearing between the bolt and plate material to transfer loads. They rely on Friction.

High Strength Field BoltingTheory & Behavior

010203040506070

00.0

5 0.10.1

5 0.2 0.3

Elongation (in.)

Tens

ion

(kip

s) Direct TensionLubricatedAs ReceivedWeatheredCleaned

A325 Load/Elongation Curve


January, 2011 3

High Strength Field Bolting

Bolt Types:

A325 – High Strength Bolts for Structural Steel Joints (Most common bolt type)

A490 – Heat Treated Steel Structural Bolts (Used by exception only)

A307 – Carbon Steel Bolts (NOT USED IN HIGH STRENGTH BOLTING APPLICATIONS)


A325 Bolt Types:

Type 1 (Medium Carbon) 1/2” to 1 1/2”

Type 3 (Weathering) 1/2” to 1 1/2”

A325 Strength Requirements:

Diameter (in.) Yield (ksi) Tensile (ksi)

1/2” - 1” 92 120

1 1/8” - 1 1/2” 81 105


January, 2011 4

High Strength Field BoltingBolt Type Matching Nut

A325 A563 A194

Type 1 (Plain) C, D, DH 2, 2H

Type 1 (Galvanized) DH 2H

Type 3 (Weathering) C3, DH3

Note: All Nuts For High Strength Fasteners are Heavy Hex.

Non Heat Treated Nuts: Proof Load Stress = 150 ksi

Heat Treated Nuts: Proof Load Stress = 175 ksi


Rockwell Nut Hardness Requirements:

Grade Min. Max.

C, C3 B78 (70 ksi) C38 (170 ksi)

D B84 (80 ksi) C38 (170 ksi)

2 B84 (80 ksi) n/a

2H, DH, DH3 C24 (120 ksi) C38 (170 ksi)


January, 2011 5


Hardened Steel Washers:

• ASTM F436

• Type 1 – Carbon Steel (Plain or Galvanized)

• Type 3 – Weathering Steel

• Rockwell Hard. Values: 38 to 45 (Plain) - 170 ksi26 to 45 (Galvanized) - 125 ksi

High Strength Field BoltingField Inspection, Storage, Product Testing

Field Inspection - No ODOT Lab Report

2 Samples each, Size, Length Grade, and Lot for…

• MTR Review

• Tensile & Hardness Tests

• Geometry & Product Markings

• Coating Thickness

• Manufacturer Rotational Capacity Test

• Lubrication (Black – Oily to the touch)(Galv. – Dry Visible Dye)


January, 2011 6

Field Tests

Field Tests At The Project Site

• Rotational Capacity Tests For Long Bolts

• Rotational Capacity Tests For Short Bolts

• Verification Testing

• Job Inspection Torque (Turn-of-Nut Method)

TURN-OF-NUT METHOD (LONG BOLTS)

PROCESSES PURPOSE

1. Rotational Capacity Test Checks bolts for proper lubrication & for damage during storage or transit 2. Contractor Personnel Verification Test Demonstrates that Contractor's equipment & procedure will tighten bolts to proper tension 3. Determine Job Inspection Torque Determines torque value to be used in the random field inspection 4. Random Field Inspection Checks bolt installation on structure using the Job Inspection Torque

PROCESSES PROCEDURE

1. Rotational Capacity Test 1. Sample 2 bolt, washer & nut assemblies

(02560.60 (a)) 2. Assemble fastener with 3-5 threads within the grip3. Snug tight (10% of Required Fastener Tension in Table 560-1); Tolerance= -0 kips, +2 kips4. Mark the bolt, nut & plate5. Tighten to Required Fastener Tension & record torque (torque must not exceed T=0.25PD) (P in lbs, D in ft)6. Turn nut to twice the rotation in Table 560-3 (tension must exceed 115% of Required Fastener Tension)7. Remove nut and check threads

2. Contractor Personnel Verification Test 1. Sample 3 bolt, washer & nut assemblies

(00560.29 (c)(1 & 5)) 2. Snug tight (Plies of joint in firm contact, full effort on 12" spud wrench; 10% of RFT< Tension < 50% of RFT)3. Mark the bolt, nut & plate4. Tighten nut to the rotation in Table 560-3 (max. of 10 seconds with impact wrench)5. Verify tension is 5% greater than Required Fastener Tension

3. Determine Job Inspection Torque 1. Sample 3 bolt, washer & nut assemblies

(00560.29 (d)) 2. Place in Skidmore & tighten to Required Fastener Tension in Table 560-13. Measure torque required to turn the nut 5 degrees (1" @ 12" radius)4. Average the 3 tests to determine the Job Inspection Torque

4. Random Field Inspection 1. Select at random 10% of the tensioned bolts in each connection (2 minimum)

(00560.29 (d)) 2. Apply Job Inspection Torque. If none turn, the connection passes.3. If one or more fasteners turn, job inspection torque all fasteners in the connection.4. Re-tension & inspect all fasteners that turned when applying the Job Inspection Torque.

734-2629 Summary (11-2010) Construction Forms Website: http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/Hwy/Construction/ConstForms1.shtml

HIGH STRENGTH BOLTING SUMMARY

TURN-OF-NUT METHOD (SHORT BOLTS)

PROCESSES PURPOSE

1. Rotational Capacity Test Checks bolts for proper lubrication & for damage during storage or transit 2. Contractor Personnel Verification Test Demonstrates that Contractor's equipment & procedure will tighten bolts to proper tension3. Determine Job Inspection Torque Determines torque value to be used in the random field inspection4. Random Field Inspection Checks bolt installation on structure using the Job Inspection Torque

PROCESSES PROCEDURE

1. Rotational Capacity Test 1. Sample 2 bolt, washer & nut assemblies

(02560.60 (a)) 2. Assemble fastener with 3-5 threads within the grip3. Snug tight (10% of max allowable torque < Torque < 20% of MAT, MAT=1.15(0.25PD)) (P in lbs, D in ft)4. Mark socket5. Tighten nut to rotation in Table560-3 & record torque (torque must not exceed T=1.15(0.25PD)6. Turn nut to twice the rotation in Table 560-37. Remove nut and check threads

2. Contractor Personnel Verification Test 1. Sample 3 bolt, washer & nut assemblies

(00560.29 (c)(1 & 5)) 2. Snug tight (Joint plies in firm contact, full effort on spud wrench; 10% of MAT< Torque < 50% of MAT3. Mark the bolt, nut & plate4. Tighten nut to the rotation in Table 560-35. Verify torque is 5% greater than recorded torque @ turn requirement

3. Determine Job Inspection Torque 1. Sample 3 bolt, washer & nut assemblies

(00560.29 (d)) 2. Snug tight (10% of max allowable torque < Torque < 20% of MAT, MAT=1.15(0.25PD)) (P in lbs, D in ft)3. Mark the bolt, nut & plate4. Tighten nut to the rotation in Table 560-33. Measure torque required to turn the nut 5 degrees (1" @ 12" radius)4. Average the 3 tests to determine the Job Inspection Torque

4. Random Field Inspection 1. Select at random 10% of the tensioned bolts in each connection (2 minimum)

(00560.29 (d)) 2. Apply Job Inspection Torque. If none turn, the connection passes.3. If one or more fasteners turn, job inspection torque all fasteners in the connection.4. Re-tension & inspect all fasteners that turned when applying the Job Inspection Torque.

734-2630 Summary (11-2010) Construction Forms Website: http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/Hwy/Construction/ConstForms1.shtml

HIGH STRENGTH BOLTING SUMMARY


January, 2011 7

Rotational Capacity Test for Long Bolts

View Rotational Capacity Test for Long Bolts


January, 2011 8

Rotational-Capacity Test Equipment

Skidmore-Wilhelm or Equivalent

• Calibrated Yearly

Standard Torque Wrench

• 1000 ft. lb. Capacity

• Calibrated Yearly

Rigid Steel Joint

• Short Bolt Fasteners

Project Contract No.

Company Test No.

Torque Wrench Serial No. Calibration Due Date

Skidmore Serial No. Calibration Due Date

Bolt Diameter Bolt Length Quantity

Bolt Mfg. Lot No. Heat No.

Nut Mfg. Lot No. Heat No.

Washer Mfg. Lot No. Heat No.

Ro-Cap Sample 1: Required Fastener Tension = Lbs. (Table 00560-1)Snug Tight = Lbs. (0.10 x Req. Fastener Tension): Tol. = -0 kips + 2 kipsMeasured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Required Fastener Tension (Go to Insp. Torque)Maximum Allowable Torque = Ft.-Lbs. (T < 0.25PD); (P in Lbs., D in Ft.)Measured Tension = Lbs. @ Turn (2x Rotation In Table 00560-3)Minimum Tension Required = Lbs. (1.15 X Required Fastener Tension)

Sample 1 Results:Ro-Cap Sample 2: Required Fastener Tension = Lbs. (Table 00560-1)Snug Tight = Lbs. (0.10 x Req. Fastener Tension): Tol. = -0 kips + 2 kipsMeasured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Required Fastener Tension (Go to Insp. Torque)Maximum Allowable Torque = Ft.-Lbs. (T < 0.25PD); (P in Lbs., D in Ft.)Measured Tension = Lbs. @ Turn (2x Rotation In Table 00560-3)Minimum Tension Required = Lbs. (1.15 X Required Fastener Tension)

Sample 2 Results:

Rotational Capacity Test Results:Inspection Torque Sample 1:Required Fastener Tension = Lbs. (Table 00560-1)Measured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Additional 5 Degrees (Apprx. 1" @ 12" Radius)

Inspection Torque Sample 2:Required Fastener Tension = Lbs. (Table 00560-1)Measured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Additional 5 Degrees (Apprx. 1" @ 12" Radius)


Job Inspection Torque = Ft.-Lbs. (Average Of Three Inspection Torque Samples)

Comments:

Inspector Cert No. Title

Contractor's Representative Date

734-2629 (10-2010) Construction Forms Website: http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/Hwy/Construction/ConstForms1.shtml

HIGH STRENGTH BOLTS ROTATIONAL CAPACITY TEST & JOB INSPECTION TORQUE

(TURN OF NUT METHOD FOR LONG BOLTS)

280003000

438

32200

280003000

438

32200

28000

28000

28000

#DIV/0!

Pass Fail

Accept Reject

Pass Fail

3/4 inch


January, 2011 9

Ro-Cap Test for Long Bolts

1. Sample 2 Bolt/Washer/Nut Assemblies

2. Assemble fastener with 3-5 threads within grip

3. Snug tight (10% of proof load)

4. Mark socket

5. Tighten to proof load and record torque (torque must not exceed T=0.25PD) (P in lbs, D in ft)

6. Turn nut to twice the rotation in Table 560-3 (tension must exceed 115% of proof load)

Skidmore/Wilhelm


January, 2011 10

Backside of Skidmore/Wilhelm

Need Correct Size


January, 2011 11

Retaining Spring

Installed Bolt Head Plate


January, 2011 12

Change Plate to Correct Hole Size

With Plate Removed


January, 2011 13

Correct Size Plate Installed

3 to 5 threads in grip

washers orshims

one washer minimum

3 - 5 Threads in Grip


January, 2011 14

3-5 Threads in Grip

Added Washers to Maintain 3-5 Threads Within Grip


January, 2011 15

Table 560-1

Rotational Capacity TestSnug Tight (Long Bolts)

Bolt Diameter 3/4”

Required Fastener Tension (Table 560-1) 28 kips

Required Fastener Tension 28,000 lbs.

Snug Tight (10% Req’d. Fast. Tens.) = 0.10 (28,000lbs)

Snug Tight = 2,800 lbs

Tolerance = - 0 kips to + 2 kips


January, 2011 16

Snug Tight Exercise

What is snug tight if the bolt diameter is 7/8”?

Snug Tight (10% of Required Fastener Tension)


January, 2011 17

Mark Socket

Rotational Capacity TestMaximum Torque, T=0.25 PD

Diameter 3/4”

Required Fastener Tension 28 kips(Table 560-1)

Max. Torque, T = 0.25 PD(P in lbs, D in ft)

Max. Torque, T = 0.25(28,000 lbs)(3/4”)(1 ft/12”) = 438 ft-lbs

Max. Torque, T = 438 ft-lbs


January, 2011 18

Maximum Torque Exercise

What is the maximum Torque if the bolt diameter is 7/8”?

Tighten to Proof Load


January, 2011 19

Record Torque

Turn Nut

Twice Rotation Specified in Table 560-3

Turn Nut to Twice the Rotation


January, 2011 20

Rotation Example

What is the turn requirement in the rotational capacity test for a bolt with a diameter = 7/8” and a bolt length = 6”?

4 Diameters = 4 (7/8”) = 3.5”8 Diameters = 8 (7/8”) = 7”

Single turn requirement from Table 560-3 = 1/2 turn

Twice rotation = 2 (1/2 turn) = 1 full turn

Rotation Exercise

What is the turn requirement in the rotational capacity test for a bolt with a diameter = 3/4” and a bolt length = 3”?


January, 2011 21

Tension Must Exceed 115% of Proof Load

Minimum Tension Example

What is the minimum tension required for a 3/4” bolt during the Rotational Capacity Test when the nut is turned to twice the turn shown in Table 560-3?

Min. Tension = 115% of Required Fastener Tension (Table 560-3)

Min. Tension = 1.15 (28,000 lbs.)

Min. Tension = 32,200 lbs.


January, 2011 22

Minimum Tension Exercise

What is the minimum tension required for a 7/8” bolt during the Rotational Capacity Test when the nut is turned to twice the turn shown in Table 560-3?

Examine Bolt and Nut

Reject assemblies showing thread stripping or torsional failure. Elongation of the threads in the grip is normal.


January, 2011 23

Rotational Capacity Test for Short Bolts

View Short Bolt Video


Company Test No.







Ro-Cap Sample 1: Snug Tight, Max. Torque = Ft.-Lbs. T = 0.20(1.15 x 0.25 PD); (P in Lbs., D in Ft.)Measured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Turn (Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Maximum Allowable Torque = Ft.-Lbs. (T = 1.15(0.25PD)); (P in Lbs., D in Ft.)2 x Rotation = Turn (2x Rotation In Table 00560-3)

Sample 1 Results:Ro-Cap Sample 2: Snug Tight, Max. Torque = Ft.-Lbs. T = 0.20(1.15 x 0.25 PD); (P in Lbs., D in Ft.)Measured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Turn (Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Maximum Allowable Torque = Ft.-Lbs. (T = 1.15(0.25PD)); (P in Lbs., D in Ft.)2 x Rotation = Turn (2x Rotation In Table 00560-3)

Sample 2 Results:

Rotational Capacity Test Results:Inspection Torque Sample 1:Measured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Turn (Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Sample Inspection Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Additional 5 Degrees (Apprx. 1" @ 12" Radius)

Inspection Torque Sample 2:Measured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Turn (Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Sample Inspection Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Additional 5 Degrees (Apprx. 1" @ 12" Radius)


Job Inspection Torque = Ft.-Lbs. (Average Of The Three Sample Inspection Torques)

Comments:


Witness: Date



(TURN OF NUT METHOD FOR SHORT BOLTS)

Pass Fail

Accept Reject

Pass Fail


January, 2011 24

Ro-Cap Test for Short Bolts

1. Sample 2 Bolt/Washer/Nut Assemblies

2. Assemble fastener with 3-5 threads within grip

3. Snug tight (10% of max allowable torque < Torque < 20% of MAT, MAT=1.15(0.25PD)) (P in lbs, D in ft)

4. Mark nut (socket) relative to fixed bolt

5. Tighten nut to rotation in Table 560-3 and record torque (torque must not exceed 1.15 allowed torque)

6. Turn nut to twice the rotation in Table 560-3

Too Short for Skidmore/Wilhelm


January, 2011 25

3-5 Threads in Grip

Snug TightSnug Tight = 0.10(1.15)(0.25PD)


January, 2011 26

Rotational Capacity TestSnug Tight (Short Bolts)

Bolt Diameter = 3/4”

Snug Tight = 10% max. of Allowed Torque, T = 1.15(0.25PD)(P in lbs., D in ft.)

T = 1.15(0.25)(28,000 lbs.)(3/4”)(1 ft/12”) = 503 ft.-lbs.

Snug Tight = 0.10 (503 ft.-lbs.)

Snug Tight = 50 ft.-lbs.

Snug Tight Exercise

What is snug tight if the bolt diameter is 7/8”?


January, 2011 27

Mark Socket

Turn Nut to Rotation in Table 560-3


January, 2011 28

Record Torque (Torque Must Not Exceed 1.15 Allowed Torque)

Maximum Torque at Turn Requirement

What is the maximum torque allowed for a 3/4” bolt at the specified turn in Table 560-3?

Max. Torque = 115% of Allowed Torque, T = 0.25PD

Max. Torque = 1.15(0.25)(28,000 lbs.)(3/4”)(1 ft/12”)

Max. Torque = 503 ft.-lbs.


January, 2011 29

Maximum Torque Exercise

What is the maximum torque allowed for a 7/8” bolt at the specified turn in Table 560-3?

Turn Nut to Twice the Rotation in Table 560-3


January, 2011 30

Examine Bolt and Nut

Verification Testing

Turn-of-Nut Method


Company Test No.







Verification Sample 1: Sample 1 Results:Meas. Tension @ Snug Tight = Lbs.; (Plies Of Joint In Firm Contact);

= (Full Effort On Spud Wrench); (<50% Req'd Fastener Tension)50% Of Req'd Fast. Tension = Lbs. (0.5 x Value From Table 00560-1)Measured Time = Seconds (From Snug Tight To Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Maximum Allowable Time = 10 Seconds (From Snug Tight To Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Measured Tension = Lbs. @ Turn (Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Minimum Tension Required = Lbs. (1.05 x Required Fastener Tension From Table 00560-1)


(Full Effort On Spud Wrench); (<50% Req'd Fastener Tension)50% Of Req'd Fast. Tension = Lbs. (0.5 x Value From Table 00560-1)Measured Time = Seconds (From Snug Tight To Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Maximum Allowable Time = 10 Seconds (From Snug Tight To Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Measured Tension = Lbs. @ Turn (Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Minimum Tension Required = Lbs. (1.05 x Required Fastener Tension From Table 00560-1)


(Full Effort On Spud Wrench); (<50% Req'd Fastener Tension)50% Of Req'd Fast. Tension = Lbs. (0.5 x Value From Table 00560-1)Measured Time = Seconds (From Snug Tight To Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Maximum Allowable Time = 10 Seconds (From Snug Tight To Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Measured Tension = Lbs. @ Turn (Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Minimum Tension Required = Lbs. (1.05 x Required Fastener Tension From Table 00560-1)

Verification Results:

Comments:


Witness: Date


HIGH STRENGTH BOLTS VERIFICATION TEST


Pass Fail

Accept Reject

Pass Fail

Pass Fail


January, 2011 31

Verification Testing for Long Bolts Turn-of-Nut Method

1. Sample 3 Bolt/Washer/Nut Assembles

2. Snug the bolt using method to be used on the structure (plies of joint in firm contact; full effort on 12” spud wrench; < 50% req’d. fast. tension)

3. Mark the Bolt/Nut/Plate

4. Tighten nut to rotation in Table 560-3

5. Verify tension is 5% greater than proof load

Turn-of-Nut Verification TestingLong Bolt Example

Diameter = ¾”

Length = 3”

Required Rotation (Turns) = 1/3

Required Fastener Tension = 28,000 lbs

Req’d Verification Tension = (105%) Req’d Fast Tension

Req’d Verification Tension = (1.05)(28,000) = 29,400 lbs.


January, 2011 32

Turn-of-Nut Verification TestingLong Bolt Exercise

Diameter = 7/8”

Length = 4”

Required Rotation (Turns) = ___________

Required Fastener Tension = ___________ lbs

Req’d Verification Tension = ____________________

Verification Testing for Short Bolts Turn-of-Nut Method

1. Sample 3 Bolt/Washer/Nut Assembles

2. Snug the bolt using method to be used on the structure (plies of joint in firm contact; full effort on 12” spud wrench; < 50% max. allowable torque)



5. Verify torque is 5% greater than recorded torque at turn requirement


Company Test No.







Verification Sample 1: Sample 1 Results:Measured Torque @ Snug Tight = Ft.-Lbs.; (Plies Of Joint In Firm Contact);

(Full Effort On Spud Wrench); (<50% Max. Allowable Torque)50% Of Max. Allowable Torque = Ft.-Lbs.; T=0.5(0.25 PD); (P in Lbs., D in Ft.)Measured Time = Seconds (From Snug Tight To Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Maximum Allowable Time = 10 Seconds (From Snug Tight To Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Measured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Turn (Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Minimum Torque Required = Ft.-Lbs. (1.05 x Avg RoCap Torque @ Rotation In Table 00560-3)





Verification Results:

Comments:


Witness: Date


HIGH STRENGTH BOLTS VERIFICATION TEST


Pass Fail

Accept Reject

Pass Fail

Pass Fail


January, 2011 33

Marking method

Turn of the Nut Method

Chuck method

• Monitor turn of wrench chuck

• Requires two-person installation

Marked Bolt Connection


January, 2011 34

Nuts Turned ½ Turn

Job Inspection Torque

Turn-of-Nut Method


Company Test No.









Sample 2 Results:





Comments:






280003000

438

32200

280003000

438

32200

28000

28000

28000

#DIV/0!

Pass Fail

Accept Reject

Pass Fail

3/4 inch


January, 2011 35

Job Inspection Torque for Long Bolts (Turn of Nut)

1. Sample 3 Bolt/Washer/Nut assembles

2. Place in skidmore and tighten to required tension in Table 560-1

3. Measure torque required to turn the nut 5 degrees (1” @ 12” radius)

4. Job inspection torque is the average of the 3 tests

Job Inspection Torque for Short Bolts (Turn of Nut)

1. Sample 3 Bolt/Washer/Nut assembles

2. Snug tight (10% of max allowable torque,

T = 1.15(0.25)PD)



5. Measure torque required to turn the nut 5 degrees (1” @ 12” radius)

6. Job inspection torque is the average of the 3 tests


Company Test No.







Ro-Cap Sample 1: Snug Tight, Max. Torque = Ft.-Lbs. T = 0.20(1.15 x 0.25 PD); (P in Lbs., D in Ft.)Measured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Turn (Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Maximum Allowable Torque = Ft.-Lbs. (T = 1.15(0.25PD)); (P in Lbs., D in Ft.)2 x Rotation = Turn (2x Rotation In Table 00560-3)

Sample 1 Results:Ro-Cap Sample 2: Snug Tight, Max. Torque = Ft.-Lbs. T = 0.20(1.15 x 0.25 PD); (P in Lbs., D in Ft.)Measured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Turn (Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Maximum Allowable Torque = Ft.-Lbs. (T = 1.15(0.25PD)); (P in Lbs., D in Ft.)2 x Rotation = Turn (2x Rotation In Table 00560-3)

Sample 2 Results:

Rotational Capacity Test Results:Inspection Torque Sample 1:Measured Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Turn (Turn Rotation In Table 00560-3)Sample Inspection Torque = Ft.-Lbs. @ Additional 5 Degrees (Apprx. 1" @ 12" Radius)



Job Inspection Torque = Ft.-Lbs. (Average Of The Three Sample Inspection Torques)

Comments:


Witness: Date




Pass Fail

Accept Reject

Pass Fail


January, 2011 36

Field Inspection

Turn-of-Nut Method

Field Inspection(Turn of Nut Method)

• Select at random 10% of the tensioned bolts (2 minimum) in each connection.

• Apply Job Inspection Torque. If none turn, the connection passes.

• If one or more fasteners turn, job torque the remaining fasteners in the connection.

• Re-tension and inspect all fasteners that turned for minimum Job Inspection Torque.


January, 2011 37

High Strength Field BoltingAll Applications

• Non-galvanized fasteners may be reused once.

• Galvanized fasteners may not be reused.

• Previously tightened fasteners, loosened by tightening of adjacent fasteners will not be considered a re-use.

Systematic Tightening

1

2 4

3

5

8

6

7

26

30

18

22

14

16

28

32

13

15

20

24

25

29

17

21

10

12

27

31

9

11

19

23


January, 2011 38

Bolts in water?

Nuts in water?


Company Test No.









Sample 2 Results:





Comments:






280003000

438

32200

280003000

438

32200

28000

28000

28000

#DIV/0!

Pass Fail

Accept Reject

Pass Fail

3/4 inch


January, 2011 39

Bolt Exercise

Bolt Diameter = 3/4”

Bolt Length = 5”

Measured Torque @ Req’d Fast. Tens. = 350 ft.-lbs.

Measured Tension @ 2x Rotation = 45,000 lbs.

Complete Ro-Cap Sample 1 on the Rotational Capacity Test Form for Long Bolts.

Other Types Of Bolt Situations


January, 2011 40

Traffic Signal & Illumination Supports (00962)

Tightening Requirements(00962.46(j)(2)(a&d)

• Snug Tight (All plies in firm contact & full effort on the end of 12” spud wrench)

Past Snug Tight• ASTM A 307 Anchor Rods 1/12 Turn

ASTM A 449 Anchor Rods 1/6 TurnASTM F 1554 Gr 55 Anchor Rd 1/6 TurnASTM A 325 Bolts 1/6 Turn


January, 2011 41

Sign Supports (00930)

Slip Critical Connections00930.40(2)(a)

• Install New DTI’s

• Snug Tight All

• Tighten To “Nil Gap”

“Nil Gap” defined as when at least half of spaces between protrusions refuse 0.005 feeler gauge and a visible gap exists in at least one space.


January, 2011 42

Resin Bonded Anchor Systems00535

Resin Bonded Anchor SystemTightening Requirements

00535.40

• Tighten to ¼ turn past snug tight

13.1 bolting 12 14 10 - oregon state...

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