LINKING

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Linking in English

At its simplest, linking is the blending of multiple words together until they sound as if they are only one word

If you recognize and use linking, two things will happen:1. you will understand other people more easily2. other people will understand you more easily

Linking in English

At its simplest, linking is the blending of multiple words together until they sound as if they are only one word

If you recognize and use linking, two things will happen:1. you will understand other people more easily2. other people will understand you more easily

There are basically three types of linking:

Types of Linking

A. Linking Vowel to VowelWhen one word ends with a vowel sound and the next word begins with a vowel sound, we link the words with a sort of W or Y sound.

If ourWhen one word ends with a vowel sound and the next word begins with a vowel sound, we link the words with a sort of W or Y sound.

If our lips are round at the end of the first word, we insert a W sound:

oo |o

We write it like this:

too often who is so I do all

We say it like this:

tooWoften whoWis soWI DoWall

Examples :

Examples :

Examples :Examples :Examples :Examples :

Clear Pronunciation Linking Vowel Sounds with a “w”

How old are you? How (w)old are you?

I know enough. I know (w)enough.

She’s too upset. She’s too (w)upset.

Please go inside. Please go (w)inside.

Look at the zoo animals. Look at the zoo (w)animals.

If our lips are wide at the end of the first word, we insert a Y sound:

oo |--

We write it like this:

Kay is I am the end she asked

We say it like this:

KayYis IYam theYend SheYasked

Clear PronunciationLinking Vowel Sounds

with a “y”

The plane is flying at a high altitude.

The plane is flying at a high (y)altitude.

She opened the gift. She (y)opened the gift.

You have to pay extra. You have to pay (y)extra.

Did you see it? Did you see (y)it?

The storm may end soon.The storm may (y)end soon.

We write it like this:

turn off

We say it like this:

tur noff

B. Linking Consonant to Vowel

When a word ends in a consonant sound, we often move the consonant sound to the beginning of the next word if it starts with a vowel sound.For example, in the phrase "turn off":Remember that it's the sound that matters. In the next example, "have" ends with:•the letter "e" (vowel)•the sound "v" (consonant)So we link "have" to the next word "a" which begins with a vowel sound:

More Examples :Indian elephant

Indian elephant India nelephant

Clear PronunciationLinking Consonants and

Vowels

I want a red apple. I want a red apple.

I bought Alice a dozen eggs. I bought Alice a dozen eggs.

Whales are huge animals. Whales are huge animals.

The roads are icy. The roads are icy.

Tennis isn’t an easy sport. Tennis isn’t an easy sport.

When a word ends in a consonant sound and the following word begins in the same or similar consonant sound, you will only pronounce that sound once by lengthening or holding the sound. You do not say the consonant sound twice.

Examples:•“best time” –> “bestime” [BESTYM]•“big grape” –> “bigrayp” [BIGRAYP]•“good day” –> “gooday” [GƱDEY]•“sit down” –> “sitdown” [SITDOWN]

C. Linking Consonant to Consonant

Clear PronunciationLinking Identical

Consonant Sounds

He’s less certain. He’s less certain.

I feel lucky. I feel lucky.

He was a weak king. He was a weak king.

He worked downtown. He worked downtown.

‘Smith’ is a common name.‘Smith’ is a common name.