13. fao-ifad - mercosur: employment opportunities for young women

LAUNCH AND POLICY DIALOGUE

REGIONAL FAO-IFAD ProjectSTRENGHENING DECENT RURAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES

FOR YOUNG WOMEN AND MEN IN THE CARIBBEAN

7 - 9 September 2015 Bridgetown, Barbados

REAF MERCOSUR Experience and Youth ForumFavio Pirone

Focal Point for Youth at REAF Ministry Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries. Argentina

Specialized Meeting for Family Agriculture of MERCOSUR

The MERCOSUR Member Countries

• Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela are full members (in blue).

• Bolivia (in yellow) has submitted its application for accession to the bloc in December 2012, and the same has been approved.

• Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru are associate members (green).

Family farming and peasant of MERCOSUR in figures

• Is estimated that there are approximately 7,200,000 of productive units in charge of family farmers and peasants in the countries of the Region involved in the REAF.

•Argentina: 252.000•Brasil: 4.400.000•Paraguay: 266.000•Uruguay: 33.000•Venezuela: 309.000•Bolivia: 900.000•Chile: 254.000•Ecuador: 786.000•Total: 7.200.000

Work and income in family agriculture of MERCOSUR

• The 7.2 million productive units involve 28 million people who work or depend on the work of their families on the grounds for their livelihoods.

• Complementary in these units are hired on a permanent or transient at approximately 14 million people who are not members of the families.

• As a result, revenues of more than 42 million people (60% of the total rural population) in eight countries are directly related to activities carried out in productive farming units.

Participation of family agriculture in the total agricultural production in the countries of MERCOSUR

Argentina: 19% of the value of agricultural production Brazil: 38 % of the value of agricultural production Paraguay: 20% of the value of agricultural production Uruguay: 30% of the value of agricultural production Chile: 25% of the value of agricultural production

The special meeting for family farming (REAF) MERCOSUR

• The REAF is a specialized advisory body of the Common Market Group (GMC) main "Executive" body of MERCOSUR and of the Council of the Common Market (CMC), main body of MERCOSUR policy address.

• It was created in 2004 by the resolution of the GMC 11/04 at the behest of Brazil and with the momentum of the so-called "letter of Montevideo" whereby the social organizations of the AF belonging to the COPROFAM asked the foreign ministries of the countries block the creation of a "space Adviser and political dialogue specializing in public policies for the AF".

• The Technical Secretariat to IFAD MERCOSUR regional program assumes that responsibility until 2012 handles

Objectives of the REAF

• Original goals of the REAF as an advisory body of MERCOSUR:

a. strengthening public policies for family agriculture in MERCOSUR countries

b. promote and facilitate trade in the products of family farming in the Region

In actuality : The REAF constitutes a privileged space for the institutional

political dialogue between Governments and organizations of peasant and family agriculture.

The REAF facilitates the Exchange and coordination of experiences and instruments of public policy for the AF and C. between MERCOSUR States.

The REAF in the institutional structure of MERCOSUR

• The REAF is composed of representatives of Governments and organizations of the AF & C of MERCOSUR countries. Its mission is suggesting to the common market Group (GMC) proposals of recommendations, decisions, agreements or guidelines on public policies for the AF.

• Council of the Common Market (CMC): composed of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs and economy of States parties is the supreme body of MERCOSUR and its function is to carry out the process of political integration.

• Common Market Group (GMC): composed of representatives of the ministries of Foreign Affairs, economy and the central banks of the States member is the executive organ of Mercosur which the REAF is subordinate.

• States parties of MERCOSUR: put into practice the recommendations, resolutions and decisions relating to family agriculture approved by the GMC and the CMC.

Main actors of the REAF

• National Governments: Represented by their areas and/or agencies associated with the management of public policies for family farming.

• The AF and peasant organizations: representation at national or regional level involved in the process of political dialogue for the formulation and implementation of proposals for public policies for the sector.

Both actors integrate and constitute the national sections of the REAF in each country.

Operation of the REAF

1. Nationals Sections (SN):

• Core of the REAF in each country comprised the areas Government and organizations of peasant and family agriculture.

• They are spaces for dialogue and participation at the national level on the agenda issues and public policies for the sector.

• Generate proposals agreed for regional work in the thematic groups of the REAF.

• At least 2 meetings held per semester in each country.

2. Meeting of Thematic Groups (GTs):

• Workspaces related technicians from Governments and representatives of the organizations of the AF & C from the proposals and products elaborated in each national section on each topic of the REAF agenda.

• Technical guidelines for consideration by the national coordinators (political leadership) of the REAF is formulated.

• Develop two GTs meeting per semester: one prior to meetings of the REAF and one during the same.


3. REAF´s Meetings:

• Workspace integration regional level of the work done during the semester by the national sections and different thematic groups.

• Scope of exchange of experiences and regional policy dialogue on public policies for the AF and C.

• Space of coordination and agreements on policies, channelled by the national coordinating bodies in each country, to be elevated as suggestions to the GMC.

• Half-yearly meetings within the framework of the successive Presidencies Pro Tempore of MERCOSUR.


4. Regional meeting of organizations of the AF & C.

•Quiet workspace for organisations with own agenda and support of the technical secretariat

5. Thematic seminars, workshops and programs:

•Spaces of Exchange specializing on issues on the agenda of public policies for the AF and C.

•Aimed at generating accumulation of knowledge that can inform policy recommendations to be taken up by the REAF driving of the MERCOSUR organs.

6. Secretariat technical (ST) of the REAF:•Permanent Function.•Assistance to national coordinating bodies.•Relationship with the bodies of MERCOSUR.• Joint agenda and actions of the REAF with international cooperation agencies linked to the AF and C.

The Agenda of the REAF and their thematic groups

The REAF joined the main issues on the agenda of the social movements of the AF and the agenda of public policies of the Governments of the States that compose it.

The REAF to been updated and systematically expanding its agenda of work over 10 years of work uninterrupted.

The thematic groups of the REAF are as follows:1. Access to Comerce

2. Technical Group of the registers of the AF and C

3. Access to policies for land and agrarian reform

4. Gender equity policies

5. Risk management and adaptation to climate change

6. Rural Youth.

The REAF Agenda of public policy issues for the AF and C.

1. Access to Comerce Public Purchases of AF y C products.

Proximity, community, and institutional markets

Access to traditional markets

Taxes

Recovery, development and access to appropriate technologies and Rural Extension

Seal of family farming

Sanitary Issues

Regional and international trade negotiations

Asociativism and Cooperativism


2. Group technical of the registers of the AF and C.

Characterization of the AF and C.

Recognition mutual of the national registers of the AF in the Region

Records of organizations of family farming

Articulation between the AF and national census records


3. Access to policies for land and agrarian reform Access to land, water and other natural resources

Approach to the voluntary guidelines on the responsible governance of tenure of land, fisheries and forests

Social function and women's access to ownership of land

Processes of denationalization, concentration and land use

Dialogue with the land institutes in each country

Experiences of territorial development focusing on access to land


4. Gender equity policies Institutionalization of gender equity policies

Equal rights in access to land

Participation of women in the productive chains

They visibility of women and productive organizations of women in national registries

5. Risk management and adaptation to climate change Sustainable development and Agroecology

Seeds

Good management practices and adaptation to climate change

Parameters for the social management of risk


6. Rural YouthPromotion of youth access to land

Institutionalization of public policies for rural youth

Incomes and Jobs

Rural Education

Models of sustainable production and agroecology

10 Years of REAF Principals Results

REAF´s Legislation

• Resolution GMC 11/04 : It creates the specialized meeting of family farming

• Resolution GMC 25/07 (2007) : It establishes common criteria for the definition of family agriculture in MERCOSUR countries and resolves to urge States parties to create national records of family farmers in the Member States.

• Recomendation CMC 06/08 : It establishes guidelines for gender equality in public policies for family agriculture in MERCOSUR.

• Decition CMC 45/08 : Create the background of family farming (FAF) of MERCOSUR for the purpose of financing projects and programmes to encourage family farming and supporting the participation of social organizations in the REAF.

REAF´s Legislation

• Decition CMC 06/09 : Rules of the Family Farming Founf of the MERCOSUR.

• Recomendatión CMC 01/10 : Establishes guidelines for the policy distinct from development and financing of family farming.

• Recomendation CMC 02/11 : Recommends to the States parties to adopt specific policies targeting rural education at all levels of education based on the principle of respect for the rural diversity.

• Decition CMC Nº 59/12 : It establishes mutual recognition of the national registers of the family agriculture of Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay on the basis of resolution 25/07 (characterization of the AF in Mercosur).

1. Identification and visibilization of the Family Farming

Establishment of common criteria for the characterization of the AF.

Development of national registries of the AF in the countries of the Region

2. Institutionalization of the sector on national scenario Creation and/or fortifications of areas and Government agencies specifically

oriented to the implementation of policies for the AF and C in different countries of the MERCOSUR (secretaries, undersecretaries, directions, institutes, etc.).

Development or expansion of institutionalized spaces for dialogue and active participation of the / as farmers family and organized peasants (forums, councils, etc.)

Strengthening state capacities for management and implementation of public policies for family agriculture

(Registers of the AF, procurement of the AF, fairs, development and access to appropriate technologies, seals of the AF., regularization of domains).

Principal Results

Principal Results

3. Creation of fa Family Farming Found of the MERCOSUR (FAF) Financing of the permanent activities of the technical secretariat with the

active participation of the social organizations in the activities of the REAF.

4. Progress in the process of regional integration in terms of public policies for the AF and C.

Development of training and exchange of experiences at the regional level with the participation of government officials, technicians and representatives of organizations of the AF and C. (courses, programmes of Exchange, seminars, workshops, conferences, etc.).

5. Impulse national legislation on public procurement of the AF and AF.

6. Consolidation of a regional space for political dialogue and social participation between Governments and social organizations of family farming.

Major initiatives and actions in development

1. Regional Exchange program of public policies for access to technologies appropriate for the AF and C.

2. Regional programme support for the development of the national records in the MERCOSUR countries.

3. Seal of family agriculture of MERCOSUR for the promotion of regional trade in the products of the AF.

4. II program for the Regional Exchange of policy experiences from public purchases of the AF.

5. IV Regional training course of rural youth. 6 II Regional Exchange program at gender equity policies.

Major initiatives and actions in development

6. Regional workshop on "Rights of the farmers the resources genetic"

7. The REAF and its technical secretariat support to the thematic cluster of family agriculture of CELAC.

8. Facilitation of the process of bonding between university institutions in the Region (Forum of universities of the AF of Argentina, UNILA, network of universities, etc.) for dialogue with Governments and organizations on public policies for the sector.

9. Development of the REAF´s website

REAF´s Rural Youth Agenda

1. We are on the IV meeting of Exchange on public policies for the youth of the expanded Mercosur. Four regional training courses Rural Youth took place between the years 2008 - 2015

2. The organizations in its foundations were strengthened. Young people were also involved in policy public after the training instances. The young participants assumed leadership roles in their organizations.

3. Institutional spaces were created in the Ministries of Agriculture of member countries. National Rural Youth in Argentina. Ministry of Agrarian Development - Youth Consulting in Brazil. Coordination of the “Somos Nosotros” (Us is) in the General Direction of Rural Development in Uruguay are some examples

4. The recommendation 02/11 on Rural Education was a proposal that emerged from focus group discussions of rural youth

REAF´s Rural Youth Agenda

5. The Agenda on public policies for the youth and of the REAF public policies of access to land; productive resources; integration and the farm succession in the bosom of families and production units; access to education and infrastructure; the significant differential funding, the asociativism, among other issues that make the participation of rural youth in the region

6. CELAC has created the Family Agriculture Theme Group and one of the axes of choice for treating the issue of youth and rural succession.

7. Courses and national camps developing countries us predispose and orient themselves to the construction of a space Latin American meeting and reflection, policies for the sector in 2016

The criteria defined by the MERCOSUR to identify the population that qualifies as family farming are:

1. Occupied in establishing labor predominantly belongs to the family, limited the occupation of hired workers.

2. The family is responsible for direct production and management of agricultural activities and resides on the premises or in a next town.

3. Productive resources used shall be compatible with the working capacity of the family, with the activity and with the technology used, according to the reality of each country (which assumes a direct relationship between the ability of farmers and the use of resources).

They are also part of family farming, respecting the criteria listed, men and women - farmers - landless, beneficiaries of agrarian reform processes or programs of access and permanence in the land, and communities of producers that make common use of land.

Definition of Family Farming - Resolution GMC 25 /07

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