Design Computing

12. Advanced 3d Modeling & Rendering 2 + Animation

11/18/2015CAD & Graphics II | HOM2027 | Fall 2015 | Every Wednesday 2:00 pm – 5:50 pm

Jin Kook Lee, PhD. 02-2220-2645 | designit@hanyang.ac.kr

Assistant Professor, Space & Design IT Lab.Department of Interior Architecture Design, Hanyang University

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Where we are

- Architectural Modeling- Developing Arch Ideas- Prep for the Final Project

- Nov 18: Midterm Exam

- Dec 2: Your Project Progress Report

- Dec 9: Final Project Dev.

- Dec 16: Final Project Presentation

What to do today

1. Lecture: Review - Theoretical background of CAD & Graphics + Animation-making basics

2. Lab exercise 00-1 ~ 00-3: Vray in 3ds Max Design 2015 & An Easy Architectural Modeling

3. Lab exercise 01: Autodesk Homestyler.com Design your room

Submit screen capture scene (2D), rendering image, 3d CAD (dwg) file

Test mobile version of Homestyler.com: Take a picture & decorate it

4. Lab exercise 02: 3ds Max “Freeform” design & render

Submit your freeform design based on given environment file

5. Lab Exercise 03: 3ds Max Mental Ray render tip – “Cutouts”

max file & render a scene

6. Requirements: All lab exercises outcome files should be submitted in “Shared Folder”

Appropriate *.max files &/or images in JPG format. Try to get your best!

Submit this week’s LE today & All missing Lab Exercises until November 25

7. Midterm Examination

High Level vs. Low Level

High LoD vs. Low LoD

High Level - Low Level

총론 總論Introduction, Outline, General Theory

Coarse Detail, High Level

각론 各論Detail, Particulars, Specific Theory

Fine Detail, Low Level

What’s the LoD we pursued in the class?

- Developing the capability of Design Computing

- Enhancing Digital Communication skills

- Practicing Digital Design Presentation

- Learning Interoperable operations between heterogeneous applications

- Exercising Adobe Photoshop & related 2d visualization tools

- Exercising SketchUP & related 3d visualization tools

- Training precision drawing tools such as AutoCAD

- Training skillful techniques on each tool: e.g. AutoCAD detail commands

High level

Low level

High LoD - Low LoD

http://makeitcg.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/lod-levels.jpghttp://www.sayantanbiswas.com/works/chn_Tower/LOD3.jpg

High Low

Review: 3d Modeling & Design Representation

Review – CAD history

The design is a drawing of the product e.g. Geometric drafting in 2D

The design is a surface model of the product e.g. Geometric surface modeling in 3D

The design is a 3D model of the product e.g. Solid modeling

The design is an editable 3D model of the product e.g. Parametric modeling

The design is the integrated representation of

all the compositional, analytical and fabrication

representations of the product

(Geometry is just one part of the model) e.g. Product Data Modeling, Building Information Modeling

H

W

D

Parameters:H, W, D

+ Information

Information Modeling

Surface Model

Surface modeling is good to “visualize” any type of 3d objects, not only

in the real world but also in the cyber spaces such as games.

However, we are dealing with real world objects – they are all solid 3d

objects. In terms of Semantic Integrity, what should we model?

What is a (3D) Solid Model

“A solid model is an unambiguous computer representation of a

physical solid object.”

Requicha & Rossignac (1992)

Non-solid 3D Model:

Klein’s Bottle

Why we need Solid Modeling?- Invalid and ambiguous 3D Representation

Devil’s Fork

invalid

ambiguous

Geometric Modeling vs. Information Modeling

Information Modeling for Building BIM

Information Modeling ⊃ geometric modeling

From 2D drafting to 3D modeling and what’s NEXT?

Plan: Top view

Plan: Front view Elevation

3D Axonometric (still 2D drawing)

3D Surface Model 3D Solid Model

2D Drafting 3D Modeling

Capturing some visualizations from the model:Rendering, Animation…

Autodesk HomeStyler – www.homestyler.com

Autodesk HomeStyler – www.homestyler.com

Homestyler is a BIM tool, not a conventional CAD tool

Homestyler Mobile version: object-based design/decoration & camera-based edit

HomeStyler Model is

not a simple CAD

but a simple BIM

This is a “Door” object

Not a rectangle geometry

File – Save As:

JPG, DWG, RVT

AutoCAD DWG file

Object: “Polylines block”

Properties:

Color, Layer, Linetype,

Position X, Y, Z…

Revit RVT file

Object: “Double-Panel Door”

Properties:

Sill height, Frame Type, Material,

Finish, Head height…

Your Design & idea

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_drawing

ABSTRACT추상화 (抽象化)

Programming: Bubble Diagram

Sketch

Drafting by hand

(1893)Architectural Symbols: Floor Plan,

etc.

Traditional Communication in AEC-FM industry

Let computers do this abstract, visualization, symbolization, etc.

AutoCAD

- This is a geometric line object

- Only geometric properties

- Computer does NOT know this is

a “Door”

- Only “drawing” & “visualization”

- Any CAD tools can draw this wall,

using Rhino, 3ds Max, SketchUP,

even by this PowerPoint

Let computers do what we have done for new buildings

Revit (BIM)

- This is a door object

- Door related properties

- Computer does KNOW this is a

“Door”

- “drawing” & “visualization” are

one of uses of this model

- Only BIM authoring tools can

draw this “door”. Not by general

CAD tools for Jewelry, Textile,

Machine, etc.

Conventional Design Computing

Drafting

Modeling

Rendering

Animation

… Visualizations

Focusing on geometric shapes

Let computers do what we have drawn

New direction of Design Computing: Information Modeling

Focusing on information

Let computers do what we have done

Difference between geometric drawing and information modeling

Two representations

are very close.

Computationally,

very different.

So, what we need to know?

Vertex

(Point)

Edge

(Line)

Face

(Surface)

Shell

(Space)

Geometric Modeling

e.g. 3ds Max Design

Design

Parametric Modeling

e.g. Revit

Part

(Component,

Family, Object)

Design

(could be a part

of bigger design)

Geometry-centered, some parametrics

For editing: update vertex, edge, polygon

Object-oriented modeling & design

For editing: update information

Topology

(Geometry)

How to represent your design?

Architectural Design, Construction, and Representation

2000 years ago Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (born c. 80–70 BC, died after c. 15 BC)

- the author of De architectura, (The Ten Books on Architecture) discussed the value inherent in using plans, elevations, and perspectives to convey

design intent.

Renaissance Leon Battista Alberti (February 14, 1404 – April 20, 1472)

- the author of De Re Aedificatoria (1452, On the Art of Building) distinguished architectural “design” from “construction” by proposing that the

essence of design lay in the thought processes associated with conveying lines on

paper. His goal was to differentiate the intellectual task of design from the craft of

construction.

Modern Architecture Form follows function

- coined by Louis Sullivan, in his article “The Tall Office Building Artistically

Considered” in 1896. referring to Vitruvius.

Contemporary 2D CAD (AKA CAAD, CADD…), 3D Graphics

Cutting-edge BIM – the most advanced CAD system so far

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitruvius

Geometry-oriented approach to the design

Conventionally CAD systems only deal with “geometry”

Because people believed that geometric shape is all about design, at that time.

Geometry is important, but it is a subset of a design.

Building object-oriented approach to the design; building design

Conceptual modeling of a building – for both human and computer

Information is important. Geometry is one part of information.

Building

Space

Floor

SpaceGroup

1..*

1

0..*

1..*

1

1

Site

1..*

1

1..*

1..*

1..*

0..*

Interior

Facilities

Building Data Model: a bit more elaborated model

Building

Space

Floor

SpaceGroup

1..*

1

Any group or

classification

of spaces

0..*

1..*

1

1

Other Structural ElementSite

Structure

Slab

Foundation

Roof

Beam

Ceiling

Column

Wall

Opening

Window

1..*

1

0..*

0..*

0..*

0..*

0..*

0..*

0..*

1

1

0..*

Geometry

Surface

Material …

0..*

1..*

1..*

1..*

0..*

1

1..*

0..*

One

One or more

Zero or more

B contains A / A is super class of B

B is made up of A (composition)

A B

A B

Major building elements for interior design

Dynamically Instantiatable Objects

Interior

Facilities

Geometry

Surface

Material …

Door

Your Design & idea

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_drawing

ABSTRACT추상화 (抽象化)

Programming: Bubble Diagram

Sketch

Drafting by hand

(1893)Architectural Symbols: Floor Plan,

etc.

Traditional Communication in Design

Design Modeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Design_modes.svg

Why CAD & Graphics?

Especially, why 3D Computer Graphics?

- For enhancing your design visualization skills

- For moving forward to advanced design computing issues such as BIM

Modeling: Geometric shape is just one part of the computational model

Computational Model

Your Design & idea Digital Design Presentation

- Plan, exported by model- 3D, exported by model- Sketch, exported by model- Pictures from model- Animation from model- Anything from model

One source, multi use

More Information

BIM

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“Shareable”

Example: Hotel Expo

Example: Jewish Museum

Example: Sleepbox

Fundamentals of Computer Science & Engineering Theory

Computer Hardware

Network & Internet

Computer Software – OS: Windows

Fundamentals of Design Computing theories

Computer Software – Specific Applications:

CAD & Graphics tool: “3ds Max Design” for this semester

+ Mental Ray, Vray, Photoshop, etc.

Even more things about Design Computing!

What you have to learn are:

3d Visualization of Design

- Still Image

(Digital) Design Media

Design by pencil to computing (computer hardware + software)

The pencil is one of the most basic media of design (graphic design tool).

Proliferation of IT What’s new media for design? Digital Design Media

Design by hand. Design by computing.

Photo-realistic visualizations using current/common CG tools

SketchUP + Vray (download a model from Google 3d warehouse and edit lights, in 5 min)

SketchUP + Vray

Photo-realistic visualizations using current/common CG tools

Photo-realistic visualizations using current/common CG tools

Photo-realistic visualizations using current/common CG tools

3d Visualization of Design

- Image Sequence

Video-based Design Presentation

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJnPMHe27MM

Video-based Design Presentation (so-called Multi-Media)

Easy to follow.

As a picture is worth a thousand

words so even if a certain idea is

unclear orally; it can be clearly stated

via pictures and diagrams.

Video is a sequence of images.

Background music, clear texts, title,

description text, voice recording, and

so on will help your design

representation.

Example Videos: Final Presentation Videos

Example Videos

Intro, Title text…

Concept description…

Your (3D) Design Representation (animation clip)

Ending credit…

Example Videos: Animation Clips (today’s subject) using 3d Graphics Tools: JPG sequence

Daum Pot Encoder – e.g. Encoding & simple editing

Camtasia Studio – e.g. Capturing screen movie clips

Adobe After Effects – e.g. Making movie clip using JPG sequence

Adobe Premiere – e.g. Making movie clip slower (more frames)

Flash – e.g. Web-supported movies & exe files

Power Director – e.g. Making your final video project

Import your libraries – e.g. Movie clips, Sound, Music, Images, Text call outs…

Place your components on the TimeLine – Editing final video

Adding Transition, Text call outs, music, control music volume, etc.

Saving your final project file: *.PDS file

Exporting a final video file: e.g. MP4, AVI…

Story Board: Content is Matter

A simple assignment: Making your Final Video Story Board

To draw your own “Story Board” for your final project

Lab Exercise 00: 3ds Max basic render environment

- Basic render environment file for Mental Ray- Basic render environment file for Vray

Use them for your “precision” modeling & quick rendering preview

Environment_MentalRay.max

1,000mm

1,000mm

Environment_Vray.max

1,000mm

1,000mm

Lab Exercises 00:

3ds Max + V-Ray basics

Lab Exercise 00-2

Render a “Teapot on a plane” scene in 3ds Max using V-Ray

Create a new Max file (in 3ds Max 2009 for using Vray plugin)

- Change current renderer to “V-Ray”

- Create a plane

- Make a primitive object - teapot

- Assign Vray materials using Material Editor

- Add Vray light(s)

- Render a scene

Render your final scene Store under your named folder

Renderers in 3ds Max

Scanline Renderer (3ds legacy)

Mental Ray Renderer (default)

V-ray Renderer (installed vray plugin)

Others

Render Setup Menu

– Common tab

- Common Parameters: Output size

- Assign Renderer: Renderers

– V-Ray tab

- Various vray options

– Some different setup tabs by currently assigned renderers

V-Ray materials in 3ds Max

Type “M” for opening 3ds Max Material Editor

Click “Arch & Design” (current material) button

Choose “VRayMtl” for rendering by V-Ray

Vray parameters are shown

- Diffuse

- Reflection

- Refraction

- …

Assign Vray materials on a plane and teapot

Place Vray lights

Lab Exercise 00-3: Texture Mapping & Bump

in Vray & Mental Ray

Classic Bump Mapping vs. Displacement (Varies in 3d Tools)

Bump Map Displacement

Geometry of two spheres are

totally same – different maps

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bump_map_vs_isosurface2.png

Bump Mapping example using Vray

For better texture & material:

- Take pictures of your interest material

- Make bump map using Photoshop

- Assign your texture map & bump map

- Control number values

- Same to Mental Ray (Also Displacement)

How to make my own texture maps, for better visualizations

Taken by iPhonePhotoshop edited:

Correct distortion & etc.

Bump map

Level updated

Map

This is Vray map, but

same technology to

Mental Ray!

Just different User

Interfaces.

Adjust Size!

Turn on this: for

preview in the viewport

Vray bump mapping

Bump map intensity:

Effect of Bump

Vray bump mapping

I intentionally used this ugly map

to show you the impact of texture &

bump maps in real design

‘visualization’.

For better visualization:

- Fairly good geometric model

(no need to be heavy model)

- The best lights you can create

- The best texture maps & effects

Res_map folder

Lab Exercise 01: Autodesk HomeStyler.com

- A web-based parametric modeling tool (& Mobile-based)

- Login using Google Account, and design your room

Autodesk HomeStyler – www.homestyler.com

Autodesk HomeStyler – www.homestyler.com

Lab Exercise 03: Freeform Tools in 3ds Max

- Primitive – Editable Poly – Freeform

- Edit Poly – Inset – Shell – MeshSmooth, TurboSmooth, etc.

Box primitive

Or any others

- Turn on Edged Faces

- Use real scale: e.g. 6mX6mX5m

- Turn on Total Polys (hit 7)

Freeform: similar to FFD,

Editable Poly, Noise, etc.

Editing Polys

in Edit Poly mode

Editing Polys

in Edit Poly mode

Box to a

freeform object

- Edit Poly (or Convert Editable Poly)

- Select Polygons & Freeform

- Inset Polys

- Delete Polys

Shell to create

3d object

Turbosmooth or

Meshsmooth

Iteration & other options

Quick Render using Environment_MentalRay.max

Lab Exercise 04: MR Mapping in 3ds Max

- Pattern and curve using MR mapping & Shaders, without geometry

A Plane object

+ MR Cutout map

A Plane object

+ MR Cutout map

Main Maps

- Diffuse

- Reflection, Refraction

Special Purpose Maps

- Bump

- Displacement

- Cutout

Diffuse map (bitmap)

No Reflection: black

100% Reflection: white

Adjust Size

Turn on the view

Rotate, if needed

Update image

You can drag & drop

to copy exactly same

size and angle you

adjusted for the diffuse

Diffuse Mapping

(Checker)

+ Displacement (10)

+ Cutout

(black color)

Copper plate

(Autodesk Metal)

Copper plate +

Cutouts

Text on a Plane

(inverted B/W)

- Diffuse map

- Displacement

- Cutout

- Diffuse map

- Displacement

- Diffuse color

- Reflection

- Displacement

- Cutout

Visualize your pattern or design only by MR maps

Midterm Exam

Next Class

Animation

Final Project Development