Meeting the Needs of the Individual Learner:

Brain-Based Learning (Day 1)

2012-2013

Archdiocese of Dubuque Educators

Who

What

Where

When

It’s time for a quiz!

Google Image Source: http://www.amazon.com/Home-Alone-Macaulay-Culkin/dp/B00000K3CL

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Sampling…

?

Individual Score

Class ScoreSampling…

How might you use the strategy of sampling in your classroom during the coming year?

Sampling…

The Structure of Knowledge

Generalizations Generalizations

Survival Learning BehaviorTeach

for Undstng

Key information

Brain Structures &

Functions

Information Processing in

the brain

Instructional Practices

Elements of Human

Motivation

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Your Binder

Our Wiki: http://12-13archbbl.wikispaces.com/

The Brain in the

News

What does it take to engage you as a learner?

Under what conditions do you find yourself motivated to learn?

zits

zits

Is motivation for learning something that is innate, or must it be learned?

Is there physiological evidence of an innate desire to learn?

If humans are “born” learners, what external factors come into play that enhance or hinder that innate desire to learn?

How does the use of rewards and punishments affect a student’s level of motivation for a task?

Is it accurate to say that some students are motivated to learn and others are not?

Is it possible for a student to be motivated all of the time, regardless of circumstances… or to be unmotivated all of the time, regardless of circumstances?

What can we do to maintain students’ enthusiasm for learning throughout their school careers… and throughout their entire lives?

The Burning Questions about Motivation

Before:

KK= I know I knowTK= I think I knowDK= I know I don’t know

•Chance for Success•Level of Concern•Intrinsic Motivation•Content•Collaboration•Choice•Knowledge of Results

Each One… Teach One…

Each One…Teach One…

•Chance for Success- 3 & 10

•Level of Concern- 6 & 13

•Intrinsic Motivation- 2 & 9

•Content- 5 & 12

•Collaboration- 7 & 14

•Choice- 1 & 8

•Knowledge of Results- 4 & 11

1. Read individually

2. With your “expert group”, discuss, clarify, paraphrase…

3. Determine answers to two items on the blue CLICCCK sheet

4. Meet with another person- “Each One, Teach One”

Each One… Teach One…

http://www.online-stopwatch.com/full-screen-stopwatch/

It’s all about

the BRAIN!

The brain’s #1 job:

AirWaterFoodShelter

Safety from danger

A few “survival” structures of the brain…A few “survival” structures of the brain…

The Hypothalamus:The brain’s “thermostat” -always tries to maintain balance

The Amygdala:The brain’s “emotional sentry”- scans all incoming information for significance

Incoming SignalAmygdalaAmygdala

Thalamus Thalamus

Neocortex

…and survival of the species.

Four Basic Psychological Needs…Four Basic Psychological Needs…

Love

Power

Freedom

Fun

A few more survival structures…A few more survival structures…

The Brain’s Natural Reward System

The brain produces its own “feel-good chemicals”.

Serotonin…

Dopamine

Endorphins

Oxytocin

Hey… you just engaged in a behavior that is tied to one of my basic survival or psychological needs! You’ve just done something that has the potential to ensure my survival as an individual… and as a member of the human race! THIS IS GOOD! DO IT AGAIN!

Four Basic Psychological Needs…Four Basic Psychological Needs…

Love

Power

Freedom

Fun

The brain doesn’t need to be motivated to learn… any more than the heart needs to be motivated to pump blood.

(Leslie Hart)

Human Motivation

Theory

Even if a student is easily able to complete a learning task, success will not be realized unless…

#3

#10

Chance for Success

Very few students maintain motivation in classrooms- or with teachers…

effort is put forth (required) in order to complete the task.

where they have not experienced a measure of success.

Chance for SuccessChance for Success

When the level of concern for a given task or assignment is too low, some students might…

#6

#13

Level of Concern

When the level of concern for a given task or assignment is too high, some students might…

not be motivated to put forth any effort to complete the task.

spend more time and energy stressing over the task than completing it-and learning from it.

Level of ConcernLevel of Concern

The findings in hundreds of research studies have shown that extrinsic rewards…

#2

#9

Intrinsic Motivation

Intrinsically motivating activities will …

actually diminish intrinsic desire to engage in a task.

always be rewarded- by the natural reward center in the students’ brains.

Intrinsic MotivationIntrinsic Motivation

The brain discards most of what enters through the sense organs. The determining factor regarding what stays and what gets dumped is whether or not the information has …

#5

#12

Content

Meaning and relevance refers to the…

meaning and relevance.

real-world significance or the value beyond the classroom of whatever is being studied.

ContentContent

According to Alfie Kohn… the default mode of operation in any classroom should be … #7

#14

Collaboration

Collaborative learning that involves talking- articulating ideas, hearing others’ opinions, viewing content from different perspectives, and solving problems together…

collaboration.

elaborative rehearsal & increases the likelihood of long-term retention.

CollaborationCollaboration

When a teacher gives students opportunities to make choices within the classroom, it feeds their basic psychological need for…

#1

#8

Choice

When students are not allowed to make choices about their school, their classroom or their learning, the result can often be resentment toward…

freedom.

those perceived to be “in control”

ChoiceChoice

When a student receives feedback that he/she is making progress toward a learning goal, a natural reward is delivered, due to the brain’s…

#4

#11

Knowledge of results

Knowledge of results refers to feedback that answers the specific question…

natural reward center.

how am I doing in terms of progress toward the learning goal?

Knowledge of ResultsKnowledge of Results

Percentage Correct Word SequencesFeb. 1998 Written Language Probe

88

45

34

71

0 20 40 60 80 100

Anne

John

Abby

Michael

CWS

Which of the seven CLICCCK elements do you think would have the biggest impact on developing positive relationships in your classroom? Why?

To do for Session 2: Tues. October 9, 2012

A link to this article is on the Session 1 page of the Wiki. Note examples of CLICCCK- come prepared to discuss.

7 Essentials for Project-Based Learning

No one can make a child learn. However, circumstances in the environment can be arranged so a child will be encouraged to do something that will result in learning.

(Madeline Hunter)

The Characteristics of Effective Instruction… contain every

element of CLICCCK… and thus create the right “cognitive conditions” for learning.

Student-Centered Classrooms Teaching for Understanding Assessment FOR Learning

Rigorous & Relevant Curriculum Teaching for Learner Differences

See you on October 9! See you on October 9!