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Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n

LI M UPhng php trc nghim khch quan l mt hnh thc kim tra c s dng rng ri nhiu nc trn th gii. y l mt phng php o lng kin thc ton din. Vi h thng cu hi vi nhiu la chn, phng php ny loi b c tnh trng hc t, hc lch, quay cp s dng ti liu trong lc thi c, trnh c tiu cc trong vic coi thi, chm thi. Tuy nhin, i a s hc sinh chng ta vn cha quen vi cch lm bi thi trc nghim, vn cha c cch gii nhanh gn mt bi ton ho hc trong khi thi gian lm mt bi thi qu ngn. gip cc bn nm vng phng php gii ton, cho php gii nhanh chng cc bi ton phc tp, chng ti xin gii thiu vi cc bn " Mt s phng php gii nhanh cc bi ton ho hc hu c " m chng ti trch lu c trong qu trnh hc. BAN BIN TP - 11 HO

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MT S PHNG PHP GII NHANHNguyn tc : S dng nh lut bo ton vt cht tnh khi lng cc cht. I/ Phng php bo ton khi lng 1. C s : nh lut bo ton khi lng Trong phn ng ho hc, tng khi lng cc cht tham gia phn ng bng tng cc khi lng cc cht to thnh. Phn ng ho hc : A + B C + D A + mB = mC + mD m 2. Phm vi p dng : p dng cho tt c cc trng hp cn tnh khi lng ca mt cht m c th bit hoc bit c khi lng cc cht cn li. 3. V d minh ho : VD1 : Cho 2,83 g hn hp 2 ru 2 chc tc dng va vi Na th thot ra 0,896 lit H2 (ktc) v m g mui khan. Gi tr m (g) l : A. 5,49 B. 4,95 C. 5,94 D. 4,59 Gii : +) Cch gii thng thng : Gi CT ca ru th nht l : R(OH)2 ( a mol ) ru th hai l : R'(OH)2 ( b mol ) PTP : R(OH)2 + 2Na R(ONa)2 + H2 (mol) a a a R'(OH)2 + 2Na R'(ONa)2 + H2 (mol) b b b Theo gi thit ta c : (R+34)a + (R'+34)b = 2,83 v a + b = 0,04 Ra + R'b = 2,83 - 34(a+b) = 1,47 Khi lng mui to thnh l : m = (R+78)a + (R'+78)b = Ra + R'b + 78(a+B) = 4,59 (g) +) Cch gii nhanh : Gi CT chung ca 2 ru l : R(OH)2 R(OH)2 + 2 Na R(ONa)2 +H2 0,08 0,04 p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c : m = 2,83 + 0,08.23 - 0,04.2 = 4,59 (g) VD2 : Cho 4,2 g hn hp gm CH3OH, C6H5OH v CH3COOH tc dng vi Na va thy thot ra 0,672 lit H2 (ktc) v 1 dung dch X. C cn dung dch X ta thu c cht rn Y. Khi lng (g) Y l : A. 2,55 B. 5,52 C. 5,25 D. 5,05 Gii : Do c 3 cht trn u cha 1 nguyn t H linh ng nn : 0 ,672 nNa= 2nH2 = 2. 22 , =0,06 mol 4 p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c : mY = 4,2 + 0,06.23 - 0,03.2 = 5,52 (g)

Phng php 1: NH LUT BO TON



Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n II/ Phng php bo ton nguyn t 1.C s : nh lut bo ton nguyn t Tng khi lng ca mt nguyn t trc phn ng bng tng khi lng ca nguyn t sau phn ng. 2. Phm vi ng dng: C th p dng trong nhiu trng hp, nhng thng dng nht trong cc bi ton t chy. 3. V d minh ho : VD1 : t chy hon ton m g hn hp cc hirocacbon : C 3H4, C2H6, C4H8 th thu c 12,98g CO2 v 5,76g H2O. Vy m (g) c gi tr : A. 1,48 B. 8,14 C. 4,18 D. Khng xc nh Gii : +) Cch gii thng thng : C2H6 + 7/2 O2 2CO2 + 3H2O (mol) x 3,5x 2x 3x C3H4 + 4O2 3CO2 + 2H2O (mol) y 4y 3y 2y C4H8 + 6O2 4CO2 + 4H2O (mol) z 6z 4z 4z Theo PTP v bi ta c h: 2x + 3y +4z = 12,98 : 44 = 0,295 3x + 2y + 4z =5,76 : 18 = 0,32 30x + 40y + 56 z + 32( 3,5x + 4y + 6z) = 12,98 + 5,76 Gii h phng trnh ta c : x = 0,05 ; y = 0,025 ; z = 0,03 Khi lng hn hp l : m = 0,05.30 + 0,025.40 + 0,03.56 = 4,18 (g) +) Cch gii nhanh : p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t : 5,76 12,98 mY = mC + mH = 18 .2 + .12 =4,18g 44 VD2 : Tch nc hon ton t hn hp Y gm ru A, B ta c hn hp X gm cc olefin. Nu t chy hon ton Y th thu c 0,66g CO2. Khi t chy hon ton X th tng khi lng CO2 v H2O (g) l : A. 0,903 B. 0,39 C. 0,94 D. 0,93 Gii : Y tch nc to thnh X : nC(X) =nC(Y) nCO2(X)=nCO2(Y)=0,66/44 =0,015 mol M khi t chy X th nCO2 = nH2O = 0,015 (mol) Tng khi lng CO2 v H2O l : m = 0,66 + 0,015.18 = 0,93(g)



Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Nguyn tc : a hn hp cc cht v mt cht c cng thc trung bnh sau da vo gi tr trung bnh va tm c kt lun v cht cn xc nh. I/ Phng php khi lng mol trung bnh M m hh 1. C s : S dng cng thc : M = n hh ri sau dng M xc nh M ca cc cht ban u M1< M < M2 vi M1 < M2. 2. Phm vi ng dng : p dng rng ri cho cc bi tp ho hu c 3. V d minh ho : VD1 : Hn hp A gm 2 ankanal X, Y c tng s mol l 0,25mol. Khi cho hn hp A tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d th to ra 86,4g kt ta v khi lng dung dch AgNO 3 gim 77,5g. Bit Mx nCO2 nn hirocacbon l ankan. Gi CT chung ca 2 ankan l : C Hn 2 n+ 2

3n + 1 CH + O n CO + ( n + 1 )H O n 2n 2 2 2 2 +2 0,2 0,3 0,2 n = n = 2 Vy n1 = 1 v n2 = 3. CT ca 2 hirocacbon l CH4 v C3H8. 0, n +1 3 III/ Phng php gc hirocacbon trung bnh : R 1. C s : t CT ca cc hp cht cn tm di dng cng thc c cha R . Sau tin hnh xc nh gc R . Bin lun R1 ,R2 theo : R1 < R < R2 2. Phm vi ng dng : Thng dng cho bi ton v R cha nhm chc, c bit l axit, este. 3. V d minh ho : VD1 : Hn hp X gm 2 este A, B ng phn vi nhau v u to ra t axit n chc v ru n chc. Cho 2,2g hn hp X bay hi 136,5oC v 1atm th thu c 840ml hi este. Mt khc, em thu phn hon ton 26,4g hn hp X bng 100ml dung dch NaOH 20% (d=1,2g/ml) ri em c cn th thu c 33,8g cht rn khan. Vy CTPT ca este l : A. C2H4O2 B. C3H6O2 C. C4H8O2 D. C5H10O2 Gii : A, B l este n chc. 0 , 84 nX = = 0, 0 ,082 ( 273 + 136 , 025 ( mol ) 5) 2 ,2 Meste = = 88 ( g / mol ) 0 ,025 neste thu phn = 26,4 : 88 = 0,3 (mol) nNaOH = 100 20 1 ,2 = 0 ,6 ( mol ) NaOH d 100 40 mmui = 33,8 - (0,6-0,3).40 = 21,8 (g) M muoi 21 , 8 72 , 66 = R + R = 5 ,66 R < 5 ,66 < R R = 1 = 68 1 2 1 0,3 R1 ng vi -H m R1 + 44 + R1' = 88 R1' = 43 ng vi C3H7CTPT ca este l : HCOOC3H7 hay C4H8O2 VD2 : Cho 3,55 g hn hp cc amin n chc tc dng va 0,1 mol HCl. Xc nh CT ca amin c phn t khi b nht. A. CH3NH2 B. C2H5NH2 C. CH3NHCH3 D. Kt qu khc Gii : Gi CT chung l : R NH 2 R NH + HCl R NH Cl 2 3 3 , 55 R < R = 19 , 5 R = 15 M RNH = = 35 ,5 R = 19 , 5 2 1 1 0, 1 1 ng vi CH 3R Ngoi ra phng php trung bnh cn c m rng tnh ton cho c hn hp cc cht thuc dy ng ng khc nhau, tnh s lin kt trung bnh, ho tr trung bnh ...



Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Nguyn tc : Chuyn cht cn xc nh thnh 2 hay nhiu cht xc nh c, ri sau vit phng trnh phn ng bnh thng, xc nh yu t cn tm... V d : VD1 : Khi t chy hon ton mt polime X (to thnh do ng trng hp 2,3-imetyl butaien v acrilo nitrin CH2=CH-CN) vi lng O2 va thy to thnh mt hn hp kh nng p sut xc nh cha 57,69% CO2 v V. T l 2 loi monome l A. 3/5 B. 3/3 C. 1/3 D. 3/2 Gii : +) Cch 1: Tch polime thnh 2 monome ban u : 17 P chy : C H + O 6CO + 5H O 6 10 2 2 2 2 x 6x 5x CH = CH C + N2

Phng php 3 : QUY I MT CHT THNH NHIU CHT

15 4

3 1 O 3 CO + H O+ N2 2

y

Ta c:

3y

2 3/2y

2

2 y/2

2

6 x + 3 57, = 600 x + 300 y = 634 , 59 x + 288 , 45 y y 69 100 11 x +5 y : 11 , 55 y = 34 , 59 x y =3x x 1 y= 3 +) Cch 2: Tch polime thnh cc nguyn t ri vit s chy : (- CH2 - C(CH3) = C(CH3) - CH2 -)x(- CH2 - CH(CN) - )y (6x + 3y) C (10x + 3y) H y N %CO2 Do : 100 (6x + 3y) CO2 (5x + 3y/2) H2O y/2 N2 57,69 6x + 3y x 1 = = = 3 6x +3y + y 100 y y 3 5x + + 2 2

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Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Nguyn tc : Da vo tng gim khi lng khi chuyn t cht ny sang cht khc xc nh khi lng mt hn hp hay mt cht. C th : - Da vo phng trnh tnh thay i khi lng khi 1 mol A 1 mol B - Da vo s thay i khi lng trong bi tnh s mol ca A, B - Dng s mol tnh cc phn ng khc. Phm vi : Dng cho nhiu bi ton hu c nhng ch yu l cc hp cht c nhm chc axit, ru, anehit, este, amino axit. C th : i vi ru : Xt phn ng vi NaOH : R(OH)x + xK R(OK)x + x/2 H2 Hay ROH + K ROK + H2 khi lng tng 39 - 1 = 38 g i vi axit : Xt phn ng vi NaOH : R(COOH)x + xNaOH R(COONa)x + xH2O Hay RCOOH + NaOH RCOONa + H2O khi lng tng 22 g i vi anehit : Xt phn ng trng gng : RCHO+Ag 2O RCOOH+ 2Ag khi lng tng 16 g i vi este : Phn ng x phng ho : RCOOR' + NaOH RCOONa + R'OH i vi amin : Xt phn ng vi HCl RNH2 + HCl RNH3Cl khi lng tng 36,5 g V d minh ho : VD1 : Cho 20,15 g hn hp 2 axit no n chc tc dng va vi dung dch Na 2CO3 th thu c V(l) CO2 v dung dch mui. C cn dung dch thu c 28,95 g mui. Gi tr V(l) ktc l : A. 4,84 B. 4,48 C. 2,24 D. 2,42 Gii : Vn dng phng php tng gim khi lng : Gi CTTQ trung bnh ca 2 axit l : R CO OH PTP : 2 R CO OH + Na CO 2 R CO ONa + + H O CO 2 3 2 2 Theo ptp ta c : 2 mol axit to ra 2 mui th c 1 mol CO2 bay ra v m tng 2.(23-1)=44 (g) . = 0 ,2 ( mol ) V= 4 ,48 l CO 2 44 VD2 : Khi thu phn hon ton 0,05 mol este ca 1 axit a chc vi 1 ru n chc tiu tn ht 5,6 g KOH. Mt khc, khi thu phn 5,475g este th tiu tn ht 4,2g KOH v thu c 6,225g mui. Vy CTCT ca este l : A. (COOC2H5)2 B. (COOCH3)2 C. (COOC3H7)2 D. Kq khc Gii : nKOH = 5,6 / 56 = 0,1 mol. nKOH = 2neste este 2 chc to t axit 2 chc v ru n chc. Gi CT este l : R(COOR')2 R(COOR')2 + 2KOH R(COOK)2 + 2R'OH (mol) 1 2 1 (mol) 0,0375 0,075 mtng = 2 (39 - R') g tng = 6,225 - 5,475 = 0,75 g m2

Phng php 4 : TNG GIM KHI LNG

Theo bi :

mtng = 28,95 - 20,15 = 8,81 (g)

nCO =

8 ,8



Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n 0,0375 (78 - 2R') = 0,75 R' = 29 R' l C2H5 M este 5 ,475 = 146 R + ( 44 + 29 ). 2 = 146 R = 0 = 0, 0375 CT ng l : (COOC2H5)2



Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Nguyn tc : - Xc nh s mol ca cc cht sau a v dng phng trnh nghim nguyn an1 + bn2 = c (a, b, c l h s nguyn; n 1, n2 : s nguyn t C ca cc cht) - Da vo iu kin tn ti ca cc cht kt lun v nghim Phm vi : c p dng rng ri trong gii ton ho hc V d minh ho : VD1 : Mt hn hp gm 2 hirocacbon mch h. Cho 1,68 l hn hp i qua dung dch Br 2 d th cn li 1,12l kh v khi lng Br2 phn ng l 4g. Nu t chy 1,08g hn hp ri cho ton b sn phm chy hp th vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d th c 12,5g kt ta. CT ca 2 hirocacbon l : A. C2H6 , C2H4 B. C3H6 , CH4 C. C3H6 , C2H6 D. C2H4 , CH4 Gii : nh/c ko no = (1,68-1,12)/22,4 = 0,025(mol) nBr2 = 4/ 160 = 0,025 (mol) nh/c ko no = nBr2 h/c ko no l anken nankan = 1,12 / 22,4 = 0,05 (mol). Gi m, n ln lt l s nguyn t C trong ankan v anken (m 1, n 2). Trong qua trnh t chy th : mC mCO2 nC nCO2 0,05m 0,05m 0,025n 0,025n CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O (mol) 0,125 0,125 0,05m + 0,025n = 0,125 2m + n = 5 n khng chia ht cho 2 m n 2 v n < 5 n = 3 v m = 1. Vy 2 cht cn tm l : C3H6 v CH4 hp A gm mt hirocacbon no mch h v mt ankin c tng s mol l 0,3 mol. Khi cho hn hp qua Hn dung dch Br2 th thy lng Br2 phn ng l 32 gam, tng khi lng ca 0,15 mol hn hp ban u l 4,3 gam. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca cc cht trong hn hp. Gii: nBr2=32:160=0,2(mol) Gi cng thc ca hai hirocacbon l CnH2n+2 v CmH2m-2 Phn ng vi Br2: CmH2m-2 +2Br2 CmH2m-2Br4 0,1 0,2 S mol ankan l: 0,3-0.1=0,2(mol) Khi lng ca 0,3 mol hn hp l: 4,3.2=8,6 gam Ta c phng trnh : (14n+2)0,2+(14m-2)0,1=8,6 2n+m=6 Gii phng trnh nghim nguyn ta c :n=2 m=2. Vy cng thc ca 2 hidrocacbon l : C2H6 v C2H2

Phng php 5 : GII PHNG TRNH NGHIM NGUYN



Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Nguyn tc : Da vo mt s tnh cht c trng, da vo mt s lin kt bin lun suy ra CTCT cht cn tm m khng cn phi lm ton phc tp. Phm vi : Ch p dng trong mt s trng hp n gin hoc c bit, khng c tnh tng qut. V d minh ho : VD1 : Chia m g anehit thnh 2 phn bng nhau : P1 : b t chy thu c nCO2 = nH2O P2 : tc dng va vi AgNO3/NH3 d cho Ag vi t l nanehit : nAg = 1 : 4 Vy anehit no l : A. Anehit fomic B. Anehit hai chc no C. Anehit n chc no D. Khng xc nh c Gii : - T sn phm chy anehit c 1 lin kt c 1 nhm chc -CHO. - T phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3 anehit l HCHO. Ch : Bin lun v s nhm chc : - Chc anehit : + nu nanehit : nAg = 1 : 2 anehit n chc no + nu nanehit : nAg = 1 : 4 HCHO hoc anehit 2 chc - Chc este : + nu neste : nNaOH = 1 : 1 este n chc + nu neste : nNaOH = 1 : 2 este n chc ca phenol hoc este 2 chc - Chc ru : + nu nNa : nru = 1 : 1 ru n chc + nu nNa : nru = 2 : 1 ru 2 chc - Chc amin : + nHCl : namin = 1 : 1 amin n chc + nHCl : namin = 2 : 1 amin 2 chc - Chc axit : + nu nNaHCO3 : naxit = 1 : 1 axit n chc + nu nNaHCO3 : naxit = 2 : 1 axit 2 chc Xc nh s lin kt : Khi t chy 1 hp cht m : - nCO2 = nH2O c 1 lin kt - nCO2 < nH2O khng c lin kt - nCO2 > nH2O c nhiu hn 1 lin kt VD2 : t chy 1,7 g este X cn 2,52 lit O2 (ktc) thu c CO2 v H2O trong nCO2 : nH2O = 2. un nng 0,01 mol X vi dung dch NaOH th cn 0,02 mol. X cha chc este, khng phn ng vi Na, khng kh Ag2O/NH3 . Xc nh CTPT X A. C8H8O2 B. C3H6O2 C. C4H8O2 D. C4H4O2 Gii : Do nNaOH : neste = 2 : 1 c th l este ca phenol hoc este 2 chc . Nhng theo p n th X ch c 2 nguyn t O ng vi 1 chc este X l este n chc ca phenol X c s nguyn t C > 6. ch c th l A. X

Phng php 6 : BIN LUN



Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Nguyn tc : Dng kt qu ngi ta ta cho th vo cc iu kin m bi ton a ra kt qu ng. Phm vi : C th p dng cho ni dung mi trng hp nhng ch nn th cc trng hp phc tp. V d minh ho : VD1 : Hai cht hu c A, B (C, H, O) u c 53,33% O theo khi lng. Khi lng phn t ca B gp 1,5 ln khi lng phn t A. t chy ht 0,04 mol hn hp A, B cn 0,1 mol O 2. Mt khc, khi cho s mol bng nhau ca A, B tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH th khi lng mui to thnh t B gp 1,952 lng mui to thnh t A . CTPT A, B l : A. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2 B. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2 C. C2H2O2 v C3H6O2 D. C4H8O2 v C5H12O2 Gii : +) Cch 1 : Da vo gi thit : MB = 1,5 MA th ta c : A. 60 v 90 B. 60 v 74 C. 58 v 74 D. 58 v 104 T suy ra kt qu ng l A. +) Cch 2 : Da vo gi thit %O = 53,33%. Gi CT chung ca A, B l : CxHyOz Ta c : 16 z 53 , 33 = 12x + y = 14 z 12 x + 46 , 67 y

Phng php 7 : TH KT QU

z = 1 th x = 1 ; y = 2 CT nguyn ca A , B l : (CH 2O)n. Ch c p n A . VD2 : Xc nh CTPT ca phenol cha 13,11 % khi lng Oxi : A. C7H8O B. C8H10O C. C9H12O D. Kq khc Gii : Th tnh %O trong cc cht ta c : A. 14,81% B. 13,11% C. 11,76% Vy chn p n A.




KT LUNPhng php trc nghim l mt phng php nh gi c trnh hc sinh kh khch quan. Trong qu trnh lm bi trc nghim th mi chng ta s t mnh tm c nhng phng php ph hp vi mnh, vi tng bi, c bit l nhng phng php gii ngn gn khng ng ... Trn y, ch l mt s phng php m chng ti rt ra c trong vic gii ton ho hc bng phng php trc nghim. Chc hn s c mt vo ch thiu st. Rt mong c s ng gp ca cc bn chng ta c mt ti liu gi tr rong vic dy v hc. Xin trn trng cm n. BAN BIN TP - 11 HO




CHNG I:

HIROCACBON

Cu 1: t chy mt lng hircacbon A c m gam nc v 1,95m gam CO2. A thuc dy ng ng: A. Ankan B.Anken C.Ankin D. Aren Cu 2: Hn hp p gm a cht hircacbon mch h A1, A2, ...An c dng CnHm trong m lp thnh mt cp s cng c tng l 32 v cng sai d m = 4. Cc hircacbon c phn t lng ln lt l M 1, M2 ...Ma trong tng s phn t lng l 212 v t M 1 n Ma-1 to thnh mt cp s cng c cng sai dM = 16. Cng thc phn t cc hircacbon l: A.C2H4, C3H8, C4H10, C5H10 B.C2H2,C3H6, C4H10, C5H12 C.C3H4, C3H8, C5H12, C5H8 D.C2H2, C3H6, C4H10, C6H14 Cu 3: Ankan X c cacbon chim 83,33% khi lng phn t. Khi X tc dng vi brm un nng c chiu sng c th to ra 4 dn xut ng phn cha 1 nguyn t brm trong phn t. Tn ng ca X l: A.n-pentan B.iso-Butan C.2-metyl Butan D.2,2-imetyl propan Cu 4: Oxi ha hon ton 0,244lt (ktc)ca xicloankan X thu c 1,76 gam kh CO2. Bit X lm mt mu dung dch brm. X l: A.Xiclopropan B.Xiclobutan C. Metyl xiclopropan D. Metyl xiclobutan Cu 5: Cht no sau y khng phi l ng phn ca cc cht cn li: A.Xiclobutan B.Butan C.Metylxiclopropan D.cis-Buten-2 Cu 6: t chy mt s mol nh nhau ca 3 hircacbon A, B, C thu c lng CO2 nh nhau, cn t l gia s mol H2O v CO2 i vi A, B, C ln lt l 0,5 : 1 : 1,5 . Vy A, B, C ln lt l : A.C2H4; C3H6; C4H8 B. C2H6; C2H4; C2H2 C.C3H8; C3H6; C3H4 D. C2H2; C2H4; C2H6 Cu 7: A, B, C l 3 hircacbon kh iu kin thng v lin tip trong dy ng ng. Bit phn t lng ca C gp i phn t lng ca A. l: A.CH4; C3H6; C3H8 B.C2H4; C3H6; C4H8 C. C2H2; C3H4; C4H6 D.C2H6; C3H6; C4H10 Cu 8: Trong mt bnh kn cha hn hp kh gm hiddroocacbon A v hir c Ni lm xc tc(th tch khng ng k). Nung nng bnh mt thi gian thu c mt kh B duy nht. cng nhit , p sut trong bnh trc khi nung nng gp 3 ln p sut sau khi nung nng. t chy mt lng B thu c 8,8 gam CO2 v 5,4 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l: A.C2H2 B.C2H4 C. C3H4 D. C4H4 Cu 9: Mt hn hp gm C2H2; C3H8 v CH4. t chy 11 gam hn hp thu c 12,6 gam nc. Bit 0,5 mol hn hp phn ng va vi 0,625mol Br2 .Phn trm th tch cc kh trn ln lt l: A. 50%; 25%; 25% B.25%; 25%; 50% C.33,3%; 33,3%; 33,3% D.16%; 32%; 52% Cu 10: t chy hon ton 6,8 gam mt ankaien A thu c hn hp sn phm hi gm 11,2 lt CO2 (ktc) v m gam nc. Dn hn hp sn phm qua bnh (1) ng dung dch axit sunfuric c, sau qua bnh(2) ng dung dch nc vi trong d. cng thc phn t ca A , tng khi lng bnh (1) v kt ta bnh (2) l: A. C5H8 ;7,2g ;50g B.C4H8; 3,6g; 50g C.C5H8; 3,6g; 50g D.C4H8; 7,3g; 50g Cu 11: t chy hon ton a lt hn hp A gm 2 hircacbon l cht kh iu kin thng v c khi lng phn t hn km nhau 28 vC. Sn phm chy c hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy c 30 gam kt ta, khi lng bnh tng ln 22,2gam. cng thc phn t v thnh phn phn trm theo th tch ca mi hiddroocacbon trong hn hp A l: A.C2H6: 75%; C3H8: 25% B.CH4:75%; C3H8: 25% C. C2H4:50%; C4H8: 50% D.CH4: 50%; C3H8:50% http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Cu 12: t chy hon ton mt hn hp gm CH 4 v H2 cn 1mol O2. Phn trm theo th tch ca CH4 va H2 trong hn hp ln lt l: A. 50% v 50% B. 66,7% v 33,3% C. 33,3% v 66,7% D.87,7% v 12,3% Cu 13: Cho cc cu sau: a, Benzen thuc loi ankan v c kh nng tham gia phn ng th halogen. b, Benzen tham gia phn ng th halogen d hn ankan. c, Bezenc kh nng tham gia phn ng th tng i d hn phn ng cng. d, Cc ng ng ca benzen lm mt mu thuc tm khi un nng. e, Cc nguyn t trong phn t benzen cng nm trn mt mt phng. Nhng cu ng l: A.a, b, c, d B.c, d, e C.a, b, d, e D.a, c, d, e Cu 14: t chy hon ton 4,48 lt hn hp kh gm propan v mt hircacbon khng no Y thy sinh ra 22gam CO2 v 10,8gam nc. Th tch khng kh cn dng , t chy hn hp (bit trong khng kh oxi chim 20% th tch v cc th tch o ktc)v cng thc phn t caY l: A.17,92lt ; C2H4 B.17,92lt ; C3H6 C.89,6lt ; C2H4 D.89,6lt ; C3H6 Cu 15: A, B l 2 hircacbon kh diu kin thng, khi phn hy u to cacbon v hir vi th tch H2 gp 3 ln th tch hiddroocacbon ban u (trong cng iu kin ). A v B c th l: A.Hai ng ng ca nhau B. u cha 2 nguyn t cacbon trong phn t C. u cha 6 nguyn t hir trong phn t D. u cha 3 nguyn t hir trong phn t Cu 16: t chy hon ton 2lt hn hp gm C2H2 v mt hircacbon A thu c 4lt hi H2O (cc th tch o cng iu kin). Cng thc phn t ca A v phn trm theo th tch ca mi cht trong hn hp l: A.C2H4 ; 50% C2H2 ,50% C2H4 B. C2H4 ; 40% C2H2 ,60% C2H4 C. C2H6; 50% C2H2 ,50% C2H6 D. C2H6; 40% C2H2 ,60% C2H6 Cu 17: Hn hp X gm H2 v C2H2 c t khi so vi H2 bng 5,8.Dn 1,792lt X(ktc) qua bt Ni nung nng cho n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton . Phn trm theo th tch mi kh trong hn hp X v t khi ca kh thu c so vi H2 l: A. 40% H2; 60% C2H2; 29 B. 40% H2; 60% C2H2; 14,5 C. 60% H2; 40% C2H2; 29 D. 60% H2; 40% C2H2; 14,5 b: t chy ht a mol ankan A thu c khng qu 6a mol CO 2.Clo ha A theo t l mol 1 : 1 c mt dn xut monoclo duy nht. A c tn l: A. Etan B2-metylpropan C. n-hexan D. 2,2-imetyl propan Cu 19: t chy hon ton 3,4gam mt ankaien lin hp khng nhnh X thu c 5,6lt kh CO2(ktc) . X c tn l: A. Butaien-1,3 B.Pentaien-1,3 C.metylButaien-1,3 D.hexaien-1,3 Cu20: Bn hircacbon u l cht kh iu kin thng. Khi phn hy mi cht trn thnh cacbon v hir, th tch kh thu c u gp 2 ln th tch ban u. Chng l: A.CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C3H4 B. CH4, C2H4, C3H4, C4H4 C.C2H4, C2H6, C3H4, C4H4 D. C2H6, C3H4, C4H4, C5H6 Cu 21: Ha hi hon ton 0,295gam mt hircacbon A c mt th tch hi bng vi th tch CO2 thu c khi t chy ht cng lng hircacbon A (cc th tch o cng iu kin). hiddroocacbon A l: A.Anken B. Ankin C.CH4 D.C3H6 Cu 22: Mt hircacbon A c cng thc phn t l C9H10. C bao nhiu ng phn bit Ac cha vng benzen ? A. 5 B. 4 C. 7 D.6 http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Cu 23: hir ha mt hircacbon cha no mch h thnh no phi dng 1 th tch H2 bng th tch hiddroocacbon ny. Mt khc t chy mt th tch hi hircacbon ny thu c 10 th tch hn hp CO2 v hi nc (cc th tch o cng diu kin ). hiddroocacbon ny l: A.C2H4 B.C5H8 C.C3H6 D.C5H10 Cu 24: Hircacbon X c cng thc phn t C 4H10 khng lm mt mu dung dch brm. Khi un nng X trong dung dch thuc tm to thnh hp cht C7H5KO2 (Y).Cho Y tc dng vi dung dch axit HCl to thnh hp cht C7H6O2. X c tn gi l: A.Etyl benzen B. 1,3-imetylbenzen C.1,2-imetylbenzen D.1,4-imetylbenzen Cu 25: X l dn xut clo ca hircacbon A. Phn t lng ca X l 113 vC. t chy X thu c CO2, hi nc v kh clo, trong th tch CO2 v hi nc l bng nhau. A c cng thc phn t : A.C3H8 B. C3H6 C. C4H8 D.Av B u ng Cu 26: Mt hn hp X gm 1 ankan Av 1 ankin B c cng s nguyn t cacbon. Trn X vi H 2 c hn hp Y.Khi cho Y qua Pt nung nng th thu c kh Z c t khi i vi CO 2 bng 1 (phn ng hon ton) .Bit rng VX = 6,72lt v VH2 = 4,48lt. cng thc phn t v s mol ca A, B trong hn hp X(cc kh o ktc) l: A.C3H8: 0,2mol ; C2H6: 0,1mol B. C3H8: 0,2mol ; C3H4: 0,1mol C. C2H2: 0,1mol ; C3H4: 0,2 mol D. C2H6: 0,2mol ; C2H2: 0,1mol Cu 27: t chy hon ton 9,9 gam cht hu c A gm 3 nguyn t C, H, Cl sn phm to thnh cho qua bnh ng H2SO4 m c v Ca(OH)2 th thy khi lng cc bnh ny tng ln lt l 3,6gam v 8,8gam .Bit phn t A cha 2 nguyn t Cl. Cng thc phn t ca A l: A.CH2Cl2 B.C2H4Cl2 C. C3H4Cl2 D. C3H6Cl2 Cu 28: t chy 3lt hn hp kh gm 2 hircacbon no k tip trong dy ng ng ,dn sn phm ln lt qua bnh (1) ng CaCl2 khan ri bnh (2) ng dung dch KOH. Sau th nghim khi lng bnh (1) tng 6,43gam, binh (2) tng 9,82gam.Cng thc v hm lng phn trm theo th tch ca 2 hiddroocacbon trong hn hp l(cc kh o ktc) A.CH4:50% ; C2H6:50% B. C2H6: 50% ; C3H8: 50% C.CH4: 33,3% ; C2H6: 66,7% D. C2H6:33,3% ; C3H8: 66,7% Cu 29: C 3 cht A, B, C, l ng phn cu to ca nhau c cng thc phn t l C4H8. + A, C lm mt mu dung dch Br2 nhanh chng (ngay c trong bng ti). + B khng lm nht mu brm + Khi cng Br2, A c th to 2 sn phm + Sn phm cng brm t C c 1 nguyn t cacbon bt i. Vy A, B, C ln lt l: A.Buten-2; Xiclobutan; Buten-1 B.Buten-2; Metyl xiclopropan; 2-metyl propen C.Metylpropen; Xiclobutan; Buten-1 D.Metylxiclopropan; Xiclobutan; 2-metylpropan Cu 30: Gi tn hiddroocacbon c CTCT nh sau: CH3 CH C C CH CH 2 3 CH(CH3)2 A.2-iso propylhexin-3 B. 2-iso propylhexin-4 C. 5,6-imetylheptin-3 D. 5-iso propylhexin-3 Cu 30: Cho 5cm3 CxHy th kh vi 30cm3 O2 ly d vo kh nhin k. Sau khi bt tia la in v lm lnh, trong kh nhin k cn 20cm3 m 15cm3 b hp th bi KOH. Phn cn li b hp th bi phtpho. Cng thc phn t ca hircacbon l: A.C2H4 B.C2H6 C.C3H6 D.C3H8 Cu 31: T khi ca mt hn hp kh gm mtan v tan so vi khng kh bng 0,6. S lt oxi t chy hon ton 3lt hn hp v khi lng mi sn phm sinh ra (th tch cc kh o ktc)l: A.6,45lt; 6,48gam CO2; 5,062gam H2O B. 2,15lt; 21,6gam CO2; 1,687gam H2O http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n C. 48,16lt; 48,4gam CO2; 37,8gam H2O D.144,48lt; 145,4gam CO2; 113,8gam H2O Cu 32: X v Y l 2 hircacbon c cng cng thc phn t C5H8; X l monome dng trng hp thnh caosu iso pren; Y c mch cacbon phn nhnh v to kt ta vi dung dch Ag2O/NH3. Cng thc cu to ln lt ca Xv Y l: A.CH2 = CH CH CH = CH; CH C CH CH2 CH3 2 2 2 B.CH2 = C (CH3) CH2 = CH2 ; CH3 C C CH CH3 2 C. CH2 = C(CH3)2 CH2 = CH2 ; CH C CH(CH) CH3 3 D. CH2 = CH = CH CH2 CH3 ; CH C C CH CH 3 2 3 Cu 33: Hircacbon A cha vng benzen tronh phn t khng c kh nng lm mt mu dung dch brm. Phn trm khi lng ca cacbon trong A l 90%. Khi lng mol phn t ca A nh hn 160gam. Bit khi tc dng vi brm theo t l 1 : 1 trong iu kin un nng c bt st hoc khng c bt st. Mi trng hp u to mt dn xut monobrm duy nht. Tn ca A l: A.Metyl benzen B. isopropylbenzen C.Etyl benzen D.1,3,5-trimetyl benzen Cu 34: Cho cc cu sau: a, Ankaien l nhng hircacbon khng no, mch h c 2 lin kt i trong phn t b, Nhng hircacbon c 2 lin kt i trong phn t l ankanien-1,3 c, Nhng hircacbon khng no c 2 lin kt i trong phn t l ankaien d, Nhng hircacbon c kh nng cng hp vi 2 phn t hir thuc loi ankaien e, Ankaien lin hp l nhng hircacbon khng no, mch h, trong phn t c 2 lin kt i cnh nhau g, Nhng hircacbon khng no, mch h, trong phn t c 2 lin kt i cch nhau 1 lin kt n gi l ankaien lin hp. Nhng cu ng l: A.b, c, d, g B. a, g C.a, b, g, e. D.a, d, g Cu 35: Trn 10ml hircacbon kh vi mt lng O2 d ri lm n hn hp ny bng tia la in. Lm cho hi nc ngng t th th tch ca hn hp thu c sau phn ng gim i 30ml. Phn cn li i qua dung dch KOH th th tch ca hn hp gim 40ml. Cng thc phn t ca hircacbon l: A.C2H6 B.C3H6 C. C4H6 D.C4H8 Cu 36: Khi t 1lt kh X, cn 5lt kh oxi, sau phn ng thu c 3lt CO 2 v 4lt hi nc , bit th tch cc kh c o cng iu kin nhit v p sut . Cng thc phn t ca X l: A. C2H6 B.C2H6O C.C3H8 D.C3H8O Cu 37: t chy hon ton a gam hircacbon X thu c a gam nc. X khng tc dng vi dung dch brm hoc vi brm khi c bt st v un nng. X tc dng vi brm un nng to thnh dn xut duy nht cha 1 nguyn t brm trong phn t. T khi hi ca X so vi khng kh c gi tr trong khong t 5 : 6. Tn ca X l: A.1,3,5-trimetylbenzen B.1,3,5-trietylbenzen C. Hexametylbenzen D. p-i isopropylbenzen Cu 38: C mt hn hp X gm hircacbon A v CO2 .Cho 0,5lt hn hp X vi 2,5lt O2 (ly d) vo trong 1 kh nhin k. Sau khi bt tia la in thu c 3,4lt hn hp kh v hi, tip tc lm lnh th ch cn1,8lt v sau khi cho qua KOH ch cn 0,5lt. Cng thc phn t A l: A.C2H6 B.C3H6 C. C3H8 D.C3H4 Cu 39: C mt hn hp Y gm hircacbon A v N2. t 300cm3 hn hp Y v 725cm3 O2 ly d trong mt kh nhin k ngi ta thu c 1100cm3 hn hp kh. Cho hn hp ny lm lnh, th tch cn 650cm3 v sau tip tc li qua KOH th ch cn 200cm3. Cng thc phn t A l: A.C3H4 B.C3H6 C.C3H8 D.C4H6 Cu 40: t chy mt hn hp gm 2 hircacbon ng ng k tip A, B thu c VCO2 : VH2O = 12 : 23. Cng thc phn t v phn trm th tch ca 2 hircacbon l: A.CH4: 10% ; C2H6: 90% B.CH4: 90% ; C2H6: 10% http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n C. CH4: 50% ; C2H6: 50% D.C2H6: 50% ; C3H6: 50% Cu 41: Hn hp kh X gm O2 v O3 c t khi so vi H2 bng 20. t chy hon ton V(lt) CH4 cn 2,8lt hn hp X, bit th tch cc kh ktc. Th tch V l gi tr no sau y: A.1,65lt B.1,55lt C. 1,75lt D.1,45lt Cu 42: Mt hn hp 2 ankin t cho ra 13,2gam CO2 v 0,36gam nc . Tnh khi lng Br2 c th cng vo hn hp ni trn . A.8gam B.32gam C.16gam D.khng d kin Cu 43: t chy mt hn hp X gm 2 hircacbon ng ng k tip, thu c 22gam CO2 v 5,4gam H2O. Xc nh dy ng ng, cng thc phn t ca A,B v s mol ca A, B A.Ankin; C3H4: 0,1 mol; C4H6: 0,1mol B.Anken; C2H4: 0,2mol; C3H6: 0,2mol C.Ankin; C2H2: 0,1mol; C3H4: 0,1mol D.Anken; C3H6: 0,1mol; C4H8: 0,2mol Cu 44: Hn hp kh A gm propan v hir.Cho thm vo hn hp A mt lng O2 ly d ri a vo kh nhin k. Sau khi bt tia la in v lm lnh, gim th tch kh trong kh nhin k trc v sau th nghim bng 2,55 ln th tch hn hp kh A. Phn trm th tch cc kh trong hn hp A ln lt l: A. 70%; 30% B. 30%; 70% C. 40%; 60% D. 60%; 40% Cu 45: Mt hn hp X c V = 2,688lt (ktc) gm 1 ankin v H 2. Khi cho hn hp X qua Ni nung nng, phn ng hon ton cho ra hircacbon B c t khi i vi CO2 bng 1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A. Nu cho hn hp X ni trn qua 0,5lt nc Br2 0,2M , tnh nng mol ca dung dch Br2 cn li: A. C3H4; 0,05M B. C2H2; 0,05M C. C4H6; 0,06M D.C3H4; 0,04M Cu 46: Cho cc cu sau: a, Ankan c ng phn mch cacbon. b, Ankan v xicloankan l ng phn ca nhau. c, Xicloankan lm mt mu dung dch brm d, Hircacbon no la hircacbon ch c lin kt n trong phn t. e, Hircacbon no l hircacbon lm mt mu dung dch brm. g, Hircacbon no l hircacbon khng c mch vng. Nhng cu ng l: A. a, d B.a, c, d, g C. a, c, d D.c, d, g Cu 47: Cho 5,6lt kh C2H6 (ktc) tc dng vi Cl2 c iu ch t126,4 KMnO4 khi tc dng vi axit HCl. Lc phn ng kt thc ton b cc kh thu c cho vo nc. S lt dung dch NaOH 2M dng trung ha dung dch va thu c l: (cc phn ng xy ra hon ton) A. 0,75lt B. 1,5lt C.1,25lt D. 2,5lt Cu 48: Mt hn hp X gm ankan A v anken B c cng s nguyn t C v u th kh ktc. Khi cho hn hp X i qua nc Br2 d, th th tch kh Y cn li bng th tch X, cn khi lng Y bng 15/29 khi lng ca X. Cc th tch kh o trong cng diu kin nhit v p sut. Cng thc phn t ca A, B v thnh phn % theo th tch ca hn hp X l: A.C3H8: 50%; C3H6: 50% B.C2H6: 50%; C2H4: 50% C.C3H8: 75%; C3H6: 25% D.C2H6: 75%; C2H4: 25% Cu 49: t chy 13,7ml hn hp A gm metan, propan v cacbon(II)oxit, ta thu c 25,7ml kh CO2 cng diu kin nhit v p sut. Phn trm th tch propan trong hn hp A v hn hp A so vi nit l: A.43,8%; nh hn B.43,8%; nng hn C.21,9%; nh hn D.21,9%; nng hn Cu 50: Cho cc cu sau: a, Stiren c tn l vinylbenzen hoc phenylaxetilen. b, Stiren c tn l vinylbenzen hoc phenyletilen. c, Cc nguyn t trong phn t stiren cng nm trn mt mt phng. http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n d, Stiren va c tnh cht ging anken va c tnh cht ging benzen. e, Naphtalen c mi thm nh. g, Stiren khng lm mt mu dung dch thuc tm. Nhng cu ng l: A.a, c, d B. a, b, c, e C. b, c, d, e D.b, c, e, g Cu 51: Cho mt bnh thp kn dung tch 2lt cha sn 1lt ncv 1 lt hircacbon khng tan trong nc 0oC; 1,344 atm. Ngi ta cho vo bnh 15,5lt O 2 (ktc) vi 26,4gam hn hp canxi cacbua ri phng tia la in phn ng chy xy ra hon ton a v 0 oC p sut lc ny 3,18 atm v thu c 1lt dung dch Ca(HCO3)2 0,28M v 2gam kt ta. Coi th tch cht rn v p sut hi nc khng ng k. Cng thc phn t ca hircacbon l: A. C2H6 B.C3H8 C.C3H6 D.C4H10 Cu 52: Cho cc cu sau: a, Du m l hn hp cc hircacbon khc nhau. b, Kh thin nhin v kh du m c thnh phn cc cht tng t nhau. c,Chng ct thng ch c th tch c du m thnh cc phn on du m(l hn hp cc hircacbon ) c nhit si gn nhau. d, Chng ct thng c th tch c du m thnh cc phn on cha cc hircacbon ring bit. Nhng cu sai l: A. a, b, c B.d C. a, c D. b, d Cu 53: Trong mt bnh kn cha hn hp gm hircacbon X, mch h v kh hir c Ni lm xc tc (th tch Ni khng ng k). Nung nng bnh mt thi gian, thu c mt kh B duy nht. cng nhit , p sut trong bnh trc khi nung nng gp 3 ln p sut sau khi nung nng. t chy mt lng B thu c 4,4gam CO2 v 2,7gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l : A.C2H4 B.C3H4 C.C2H2 D.C3H6 Cu 54: t chy 1 hircacbon X ta thu c s mol nc ln hn 1,5 ln s mol CO 2 . Vy X c th l : A. Anken B.Ankin C.ankan vng c 1 lin kt i D. CH4. Cu 55: Trong phng th nghim nu c ha cht th nn dng phng php g iu ch metan vi thit b n gin nht A. Nung CH3COONa + NaOH CH4 + Na2CO3 B. phng php griguard C. nhit phn C3H8 D. Al 4C3 + H2O Al (OH)3 + CH4 Cu 56: Hp cht X t chy cho s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O. X c th l : 1, Axit no n chc 2, Ancol 3, Xicloankan 4, Anken 5, Ru khng no 1 ni i A.1,2,3,4,5 B.1,2,5 C.2,3,5 D.4,5 E.2,3,4 Cu 57: Cht no sau y c ng phn cis-trans 1, CH2 CH2 2, CH3 - C = CH C 6H5 3, CH3 CH = N OH CH3 4, CH3 CH = CH C6H5 5, CH3 N = N A.1,2,3,4,5 B.2,3,4 C.3,4,5 D.2,4,5 Cu 58: Phn ng no sau y c kh nng to ra CH4 1.CH3COOH + NaOH (d) 2.CH4 + Cl2 3.CH2(COONa)2 + Ca(OH)2 http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com C6H5


Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n 4. Al4C3 + H2O A.1,2,3,4 B.3,4 C.1,3,4 D.1,2,3

Cu 59: Trong cc pht biu sau v phn ng gia etylen v clo . Pht biu no ng: A.Trong ngn la phn ng cho ra 1,2- icloetan B.Vi nh sng khuych tn cho ra 1,1-icloetan C. Vi nh sng khuych tn cho ra C v HCl D.Vi nh sng khuych tn cho ra 1,2-icloetan Cu 60: Da vo bn lin kt HX : X l halogen trong cc HX gm HF, HCl, HBr, HI . HX no cng vo lin kt i ca anken d nht: A.HF B.HCl C.HBr D.HI Cu 61: Mt hn hp gm 2 ankin khi t chy cho ra 13,2g CO2 v 3,6g H2O . Tnh khi lng Brm c th cng vo hn hp ni trn A.8g B. Khng d kin C.32g D.16g Cu 62: t chy mt hidrocacbon A thu c s mol nc bng s mol CO2 v s mol CO2 < 5 ln s mol A. Xc nh CTPT, CTCT ca A , bit A cho kt ta vi AgNO3/NH3 A.C3H4, CH3 C CH B.C4H6, CH3 C C CH3 C. C4H6, CH3 CH2 C CH D.C5H8, HC C CH2 CH2 CH3 Cu 63: Trong cc d kin sau 1, Phn ng th 1H bng 1Cl ch chho mt sn phm th duy nht 2, Phn t benzen l hnh lc gic u phng 3, Trong phn ng cng Cl2 ,6 nguyn t Cl cng cng lc 4, Phn ng phn hu vi Cl2 cho ra C v HCl D kin no cho thy trong benzen 6C v 6H u tng ng vi nhau A.1,2,3 B.1,2 C.3,4 D.1,3 Cu 64: Khi nitro ho axit benzen sunfomic bng HNO3 + H2SO4 ta thu c sn phm chnh l A. o- benzen sunfomic axit B. m- benzen sunfomic axit C. 3,5-initro benzen sunfomic axit D.2,4,6 - trinitro benzen sunfomic axit Cu 65: Nhn nh s sau A(buten-1) HCl X NaOH Y H2SO4 Z(spc) Vy Z l: A. iisobutyl ete B. Buten-2 C. 2-metyl propen D. etyl metyl ete Cu 67: Hirat ho 5,6g propen xc tc H2SO4 thu c m gam hn hp hai ru A,B .Bit c 65% v 15% propen ban u tham gia phn ng to A, B. Gi tr m l: A.12g B.6g C.9,75g D.2,25g Cu 68: un 14,8gam butanol-2 vi H2SO4 c 1700 c hn hp hai anken A, B ng phn c th tch ktc ln lt l 1,12 v 2,24. A l ankin no: A. Buten-2 B. Buten-1 C.2-metyl propen D.Etylen Cu 69: Hiu sut ca phn ng hidrat trong cu trn l A.25% B.50% C.75% D.85% Cu 70: Phn ng sau c h s cn bng l: CH2 CH2 + KMnO4 + H2O C2H4(OH)2 + KOH + MnO2 A.2,3,4-3,2,2 B.4,2,3-2,3,2 C.3,2,4-3,2,2 D.4,6,8-6,4,4 D kin sau dng cho cu 71-72-73 : t chy m gam hircacbon A th kh iu kin thng c CO2 v m g H2O Cu 71: A c th thuc dy ng ng no http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n A.ankan B.anken C.ankandien D. aren Cu 72: Ch ra pht biu ng A. C th iu ch A t phn ng tch nc t ru n chc no B. A c c ti a 3 lin kt pi trong phn t C. A l monome iu ch cao su tng hp D. t chy A lun thu c s mol CO2 b hn s mol nc Cu 73: Trong bnh kn cha hn hp X gm hircacbon ( th kh iu kin thng) v O2. t chy A thu c hn hp Y c phn trm th tch l 80% CO2 v 20% hi H2O (cn O2 d) A c cng thc phn t l : A.C6H8 B.C2H4 C.CH4 D.C3H4 Cu 74: X l hircacbon th kh ( iu kin thng). t X cho s mol CO 2 b hn X phn nhnh v khng lm mt mu Br2. CTPT c th ph hp vi X l: A.C3H6 B.C4H8 C.C4H10 D.C2H4 Cu 75: t chy hon ton hn hp A gm c C2H4, C2H6 ,C4H8, thu c (m+2)gam nc v (m+28)gam CO2. Gi tr m l: A.18g B.16g C.10g D.7g D kin sau dng cho cu 76-77-78 : Cho cc cht sau: etan(1), etylen(2), axetilen(3). Hy sp xp cc cht theo th t tng dn Cu 76: di lin kt C-C ln nht l: A.1 B.2 C.3 D.3 cht bng nhau Cu 77: di lin kt C-H ln nht l: A.1 B.2 C.3 D.3 cht bng nhau Cu 78: phn cc ca lin kt C-H ln nht l: A.1 B.2 C.3 D.3 cht bng nhau Cu 79: Hircacbon no di y l ng ng ca nhau CH3 I II III IV A.I, II ,III B.I, II, IV C.II, III, IV D.I, III, IV Cu 80: Hircacbon X th kh iu kin thng, khi t chy hon ton m gam X thu c m gam H2O. S ng phn ca X l A.4 B.5 C.6 D.7 Cu 81: X, Y, Z l 3 hircacbon kh iu kin thng khi phn hu mi cht X, Y, Z u to ra C v H2. Th tch H2 lun gp 3 ln th tch hircacbon b phn hy v X, Y, Z khng phi ng phn. Cng thc phn t ca 3 cht l: A.CH4, C2H4, C3H4 B. C2H6, C3H6, C4H6 C. C2H4 C2H6 C3H8 D.Kt qu khc Cu 82: Nu t CnH2n+2-2k (k0) l cng thc phn t tng qut ca hircacbon th k0 l: A. Tng s lin kt i B. Tng s lin kt i bng tng s lin kt ba C. Tng s lin kt pi D. Tng s lin kt pi v vng E. kt qu khc Cu 83: Cho cc ankan CH4, C2H6, C3H8, C4H10, C5H12, C6H14, C7H16, C8H18. Ankan no tn ti mt ng phn tc dng vi Clo theo t l 1:1 cho ra monocloankan duy nht: A. C2H6, C3H8, C4H10, C6H14 B. CH4, C2H6, C5H12, C8H18 C. CH4, C3H8, C5H12, C8H18 D. C2H6, C5H12, C4H10, C6H14 E. Kt qu khc http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

s mol

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Cu 84: Ngi ta trn hircacbon A vi lng d kh H2 c hn hp kh B. t chy ht 4,8gam kh B to ra 13,2gam CO2. Mt khc 4,8gam B lm mt mu dung dch cha 32gam brm. CTPT A l : A.C3H4 B.C2H2 C.C3H6 D.C4H8 E.Kt qu khc Cu 85: Hn hp A gm 1 ankan v 1 anken. t chy hn hp A th c a mol H2O , b mol CO2. Hi t s T = a/b c gi tr trong khong no: A.1,2< T < 1,5 B. 1< T < 2 C.1 T 2 D.1 T 2,5 E.Kt qu khc Cu 86: Cho s chuyn ho sau: CH2 = CH - CH3 A phenol. Vy A l: A.C6H5ONa B.C6H5Cl C.cumen D.toluen E.Kt qu khc Cu 87: Kh no sau y khi t cho nhit lng nhiu nht: A.C4H10 B.CH4 C.C2H2 D.isooctan Cu 88: Vi cng thc C4H8 c s ng phn l A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6 E.Kt qu khc Cu 89: C 6H10 c bao nhiu ng phn ankin to kt ta vi AgNO3 A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 E.5 D kin sau dng cho cu 90-91: Hn hp X gm 15 anken ( th lng hay rn) ng tch. t chy hon ton cho 10 mol CO2. Hir ho hon ton X th c hn hp Y gm cc ankan, t chy hon ton hn hp ankan th s mol H2O thu c l 12 mol Cu 90: em Y t chy hon ton th s mol CO2 thu c l : A.8 mol B. 10 mol C. 12 mol D. 15 mol E.Kt qu khc Cu 91: S mol H2 cn hir ho hon ton X l: A. 10 mol B. 2 mol C.12mol D. 6mol E. Kt qu khc Cu 92: Cho isooctan tc dng vi clo (nh sng) th c th thu c bao nhiu sn phm th monoclo A.8 B.18 C.4 D.7 E.kt qu khc Cu 93: Hn hp X gm mt ankin th kh v H2 c t khi hi so vi CH4 l 0,425 . Nung nng X (Ni,to) phn ng xy ra hon ton . Sau phn ng thu c kh c t khi hi so vi CH4 l 0,5. Cho Y qua dung dch Br2 , khi lng bnh tng thm l: A.8g B.16g C.khng tng D.32g E. Khng xc nh c Cu 94: Hn hp X gm 0,2 mol propylen v xiclopropan c cng th tch. Hn hp Y c 0,4 mol H2 ktc . Trn X ,y vi xc tc Ni sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp Z . t chy hon ton Z thu c s mol nc l A.18 B.9 C.4,5 D.27 E. Khng xc nh c Cu 95: Hn hp hircacbon c cng s nguyn t C . t chy hon ton 1 mol hn hp thu c S mol CO2 = S mol H2O < 5 Bit cc hircacbon trong hn hp phn nhnh . Cng thc phn t ph hp l: A.C2H4, C2H6 B.C3H6 C.C4H8 D.C5H10 E.Khng xc nh c Cu 96: CTPT ca mt hircacbon l C5H8 . Hircacbon ny c thuc dy ng ng: A.Ankin B.Ankandien C.Xicloanken D.ixicloankan *E. Tt c u ng Cu 97: Thuc th no sau y c th phn bit c 3 cht lng : benzen, toluen, stiren. A.Br2 B.HNO3 C.KMnO4 D. Khng th phn bit Cu 98: Cho isobuten vo dung dch HBr c ho tan NaCl , CH3OH c th to ra s sn phm l: A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 E.5 Cu 99: Cho A l C3H4BrCl . B qua cc ng phn hnh hc, quang hc th A c s cng thc cu to ph hp l ph hp l: A.8 B.9 C.10 D.11 E.12 http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Cu 100: Mt trong s tiu chun nh gi cht lng s dng xng l ch s octan. Vy hp cht isooctan l: A.2,3- imetyl hexan B.2,2,4-trimetyl hexan C.2,2,3 tri metyl butan D.xiclo hexan E.tetrametyl pentan Cu 101: Hn hp gm 15 anken ch th rn hoc th lng v c s nguyn t C khc nhau. Hi trong hn hp c t nht bao nhiu hircacbon th rn A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 E. Khng c Cu 102: Cho phn ng sau: Propen + Cl CCl4 X 2 X l: C. ClCH = CH CH3 E. A. ClCH CH CH B. CH2 CCl CH 3 3 Khng phn ng D. ClCH2 CH CH 2 Cu 102:: Nhit phn hon ton 8,8 g C3H8 gi s ch xy ra 2 phn ng C3H8 C2H4 + CH4 C3H8 C3H6 + H2 Ly hn hp sau phn ng em t chy thu c s mol CO2 l A.0,2 B.0,4 C.0,6 D.0,8 E.khng xc nh c Cu 103:: Hidrocacbon no sau y khi t chy s sinh ra nCO2 : n H2O = 1 : 4 A.C4H4 B.C6H6 C.C2H2 D.C4H2 E.Kt qu khc Cu 104: T khi ca hn hp kh C3H8 v C4H10 i vi hir l 25,5. Thnh phn % th tch hn hp kh l: A.50 v 50 B.25 v 75 C.45 v 55 D.20 v 80 E. Kt qu khc Cu 105: T khi hi ca metan va oxi so vi hir l 40/3. Khi t chy hon ton hn hp trn, sau phn 5ng thu c sn phm v cht d l: A. CH4 , CO2 , H2O B.O2 , CO2 , H2O C.CO2 , H2O D.H2 , CO2 ,O2 E.Khng xc nh c Cu 106: Xt s chuyn ha: C3H5Br3 X ++H2O

OH-,p,t0 Ag2O

X NH3 Ag

+ +

. . .

X + Na H2 + Vy cng thc cu to ph hp ca C3H5Br3 l: A. CH2 - CH2 - CH2 Br Br Br C. CH3 - CH2 - C - Br Br E.Kt qu khc http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Br

Br B.CH3 - C - CH Br Br D. CH - CH - CH3 Br Br Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Cu 107: Cho s chuyn ha : HgSO4 X + H2O X1 CH3 - CH2 - OH +H2 Ni, t0 Vy X l : A.CH CH B. CH2 = CH2 C.CH3 CH3 D. Kt qu khc Cu 108: Mt dn xut hircacbon mch h cha 39,2% clo.Bit rng 0,01 mol cht ny lm mt mu dung dch c 1,6 gam Br2 trong bng ti. Cng thc n gin ca dn xut ny l: A. C4H7Cl B.C3H7Cl C.C2H5Cl D. C4H9Cl E. Kt qu khc Cu 109: t chy ht 1,52 gam mt hircacbon A1 mch h ri cho sn phm chy qua bnh ng dung dch Ba(OH)2 thu c 3,94 gam kt ta v dung dch B. C cn dung dch B ri nung n khi lng khng i th thu c 4,59 gam cht rn.Cng thc phn t hircacbon l: A.C5H12 B.C4H8 C.C3H8 D.C5H10 E. Kt qu khc Cu 110: t chy mt hn hp hircacbon ta thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,7gam H2O th th tch O2 tham gia phn ng chy (ktc)l: A. 4,48lt B.3,92lt C.5,6lt D.2,8lt E.Kt qu khc Cu 111: Cng thc phn t ca mt hircacbon l C5H8 th hircacbon ny thuc dy ng ng: A.Ankin B.Ankandien C.Xiclo anken D.ixilo ankan E.Tt c u ng Cu 112 : Hn hp A gm: H2 v 2 hircacbon mt no, mt cha no. Cho A vo bnh kn c Niken xc tc , un nng bnh mt thi gian ta thu c hn hp B. Pht biu no sau y ng: A. S mol A - S mol B = s mol H2 tham gia phn ng B. Tng s mol hircacbon c trong B lun bng tng s mol hircacbon c trong A C. S mol tiu tn, s mol CO 2 v H2O to ra khi t chy hon ton A cng y ht nh t chy hon ton B D. C a ,b,c u ng E. Kt qu khc Cu 113: Crcking 560lt C4H10 (ktc)xy ra cc phn ng: C2H6 + C2H4 to,xt,p C4H10 CH4 + C3H8 H2 + C4H8 Ta thu c hn hp kh X c th tch 1010 lt (ktc) Th tch (lt)C4H10 cha b crcking l: A.60 B.100 C.80 D.450 E.Kt qu khc Cu 114: T khi hi ca hai ng ng th hai v th ba ca dy ng ng metan so vi H2 l 18,5. Thnh phn % v th tch ca hn hp l: A.50 va 50 B.40 v 60 C.25 v 75 D.33,3 v 66,7 E.Kt qu khc Cu 115: t chy hon ton hn hp hai hircacbon ng ng c khi lng phn t hn km nhau 28vC, ta thu c 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) v 5,4gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca 2 hircacbon l: A.C2H4 v C4H8 B.C2H2 v C4H6 C.C3H8 v C5H8 D.CH4 v C3H8 E.Kt qu khc Cu 116: Hp cht A c 8 nguyn t ca hai nguyn t MA < 32. Cng thc phn t ca A: A.C4H4 B.C3H5 C.C2H6 D. Kt qu khc http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Cu 117: Hn hp D gm hp cht C2H6 v mt ankin B( th kh) trn vi nhau theo t l mol 1:1. Thm O2 vo hn hp D c hn hp D1 c t khi hi so vi H2 =18. Cng thc phn t ca ankin B l : A .C3H4 B.C2H2 C.C4H6 D.C5H8 E.Kt qu khc D kin sau dng cho cu 118-119: Mt hn hp hai anken k cn trong dy ng ng c t khi hi so vi H2 =24,8 Cu 118: Cng thc phn t ca hai anken l: A.C2H2 v C3H4 B.C2H4 v C4H8 C.C3H8 v C5H12 D.Kt qu khc Cu 119: Thnh phn % v th tch trong thnh phn hn hp l: A.30% v 70% B.35% v 65% C.60% v 40% D.50% v 50% E.Kt qu khc D kin sau dng cho cu 120-121: iu kin tiu chun c mt hn hp kh hidrocacbon no A v B. T khi hi i vi hir l 12. Cu 120: Tm khi lng CO2 v H2O sinh ra khi t 15,68 lt hn hp (ktc) A.24,2g v 16,2 g B.48,4g v 32,4 g C.40g v 30g D.Kt qu khc Cu 121: Cng thc phn t ca A v B l: A.CH4 v C2H6 B.CH4 v C3H8 C.CH4 v C4H10 D.C 3 A, B, C u ng Cu 122: Mt hn hp 2 kh hircacbon mch h .T khi hi hn hp so vi H 2 = 17. ktc 400cm3 hn hp tc dng va vi 71,4cm3 dung dch Br2 0,2M v cn li 240 cm3 kh. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca hai hircacbon : A. C2H6; C2H2 B. C3H8; C3H4 C.C2H6; C3H4 D.C4H10; C2H2 E.Kt qu khc D kin sau dng cho cu 123-124: Mt hn hp gm ankan v ankin. t chy hon ton hn hp ny thu c 12,6gam H2O. Khi lng O2 cn dng cho phn ng l 36,8gam. Th tch CO2 sinh ra bng 8/3 th tch hn hp kh ban u. Cu 123: Tng s mol ca hn hp ban u l: A.0,3 mol B.0,2 mol C.0,4 mol D.Kt qu khc Cu 124: Xc nh cng thc phn t c th c ca ankan v ankin. A.C3H8 v C2H2 B.C2H6 v C3H4 C.C4H10 v C2H2 D.C hai cu B v C D kin sau dng cho cu 125-126: Hn hp kh A gm hai hircacbon c cng s nguyn t cacbon ( ktc). Cu 125: Tm t khi hi ca hn hp A i vi nit, bit rng 560 cm3 hn hp nng 1,36225gam. A.1,9 B.2 C.1,6 D.Kt qu khc 3 Cu 126: t chy V (cm ) hn hp A, cho cc sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh (1) ng P2O5 v bnh (2) ng Ba(OH)2 thy khi lng bnh 1 tng 2,34gam v bnh 2 tng 7,04gam. Xc nh cng thc phn t cc hircacbon bit rng c mt hircacbon l olfin. A.C4H8 v C4H6 B.C4H8 v C4H4 C.C4H8 v C4H2 D.c 3 cu a,b,c 0 D kin sau dng cho cu 127-128: Cho 10 lt hn hp kh ( 54 C v 0,8064 atm) gm 2 anken li qua bnh ng nc brom d thy khi lng bnh nc brom tng ln 16,8gam. Cu 127: Tnh tng s mol ca 2 anken A.0,1 mol B.0,2 mol C. 0,3 mol D.0,4 mol E.Kt qu khc Cu 128: Hy bin lun cc cp anken c th c trong hn hp kh ban u. Bit rng s nguyn t C trong mi anken khng qu 5. A.C5H10 v C2H4 B.C5H10 v C3H6 http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n C.C5H10 v C4H8 D.Hai cu A,B ng Cu 129: t chy hon ton 2,24lt kh C2H4 (ktc) ri hp th ton b sn phm vo dung dch cha 11,1gam Ca (OH)2. Hi sau khi hp th khi lng phn dung dch tng hay gim bao nhiu gam? A.tng 4,8 g B.gim 2,4 g C.tng 2,4 gam D.gim 3,6 g E.tng 3,6 g Cu 130: Trn mt hn hp X gm 1 hircacbon kh A v H 2 vi dX/H2 = 6,1818. Cho X qua Ni un nng n khi phn ng hon ton c hn hp Y c dY/H2 =13,6. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A. A.C3H4 B.C3H6 C.C4H6 D.C5H12 Cu 131: Mt hircacbon X c cng thc CnH2n+2-2k. Khi t chy X ta c t l s mol ca CO 2 v H2O bng 2, ng vi k nh nht. Cng thc phn t ca A. A.C2H4 B.C2H6 C.C2H2 n D.C6H6 E.Kt qu khc Cu 132: Trn 0,02mol C2H2 v 0,03mol H2 vi 1,68lt O2 (ktc) np vo mt kh nhin k c dung tch 4lt ri t chy. p sut hn hp sau phn ng khi t0 =109,2 0 C l: A.0,392atm B.1,176atm C.0,784atm D.1,568atm E.Kt qu khc Cu 133: Khi cho Br2 tc dng vi mt hircacbon thu c mt dn xut Brm ha duy nht c t khi hi so vi khng kh bng 5,207. Cng thc phn t hircacbon l: A.C5H12 B.C5H10 C.C4H8 D.C4H10 E.Khng xc nh c Cu 134: t chy ht 0,244lt (kc) mt hircacbon no mch h, sn phm chy cho qua 1lt nc vi trong 0,143% (D = 1gam/lt) thu c 0,1gam kt ta. Cng thc phn t ca hircacbon l : A.C4H10 B.C3H8 C.C5H12 D.C2H6 E.Kt qu khc Cu 135: Nu t CnH2n+2-2k vi k > 0 l cng thc phn t tng qut ca hircacbon th k > 0 l : A.Tng s lin kt i B.Tng s lin kt vng C. Tng s lin kt pi D.Tng s lin kt pi v vng E.Kt qu khc Cu 136: T cng thc phn t tng qut ca hircacbon CnH2n+2-2k vi k > 0, ta c th suy ra cc trng hp no sau y : A. Nu k = 0 l ankan CnH2n+2 , n > 1 B. N u k = 1 l anken CnH2n C. N u k = 2 l ankin CnH2n -2 D. N u k = 4 l aren CnH2n-6 E.Kt qu khc Cu 137: Cho 2 hircacbon A v B l ng ng nhau, phn t khi c A gp i phn t khi ca B. T khi hi ca B so vi khng kh l 0,966. T khi ca hn hp ng th tch A v B so vi kh C 2H6 bng 2,1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A v B. A.C6H12 v C3H6 B. C4H8 v C2H4 C. C4H12 v C2H6 D. C6H14 v C3H8 Cu 138 : t chy hon ton 2,8gam mt hp cht hu c A ri cho ton b sn phm hp th vodung dch NaOH th dung dch ny c khi lng tng thm 12,4gam, thu c 2 mui c khi lng tng cng l 19gam v 2 mui ny c t l s mol l 1 : 1. Dy ng ng ca cht A l: A. Ankan B.Anken C.Ankin D.Aren E.Kt qu khc Cu 139: t chy hon ton 2,8gam cht hu c A bng 6,72lt O2 (ktc) ch to thnh kh CO2 v hi nc c th tch bng nhau trong cng iu kin. Nu cho 2,8gam A ni trn vo dung dch Br 2 d th thu c 9,3gam sn phm cng. Cng thc phn t ca A l: A.C2H2 B.C3H6 C.C4H8 D.C5H10 D.Kt qu khc D kin sau dng cho cu 140-141: t chy 2lt hn hp 2 hircacbon A ,B th kh v cng dy ng ng, cn 10lt O2 to thnh 6lt CO2 (cc kh o ktc). Bit VA = VB Cu 140: Cng thc phn t ca A, B l: A.C2H6 v C4H10 B. C2H4 v C4H8 C. CH4 v C5H12 D. A v C u ng Cu 141: Nu hir ha hn hp A, B (theo cu to cu trn) th c th thu c ti a bao nhiu anken: A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5 Cu 142: t chy hon ton hn hp 2 hircacbon X,Y thuc cng mt dy ng ng(ankan, anken, ankin), hp th sn phm chy vo 4,5lt dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,02M th thu c kt ta, khi lng http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n dung dch tng ln 3,78gam. Cho tip Ba(OH)2 d vo dung dch li thu c kt ta.Tng khi lng kt ta l 18,85gam. S mol X bng 60% tng s mol trong X, Y hn hp. Cng thc phn t ca X, Y ln lt l: A.C2H2 v C3H4 B. C2H2 v C4H6 C. C3H4 v C4H6 D. C2H4 v C3H6 D kin sau dng cho cu 143-144-145: Mt hn hp gm 2 ankan c khi lng l 10,2gam. t chy hon ton hn hp ankan ny cn dng 25,8lt O2 (ktc). Cu 143: Tng s mol 2 ankan l: A.0,1mol B.0,2mol C.0,3mol D.Kt qu khc Cu 144: Khi lng CO2 v H2O to thnh: C.30,8gam; 8,4gam D.Kt qu khc A.30,8gam; 16,2gam B.15,4gam; 8,4gam Cu 145: Cng thc phn t ca 2 Ankan l: C. C3H8 v C4H10 D.C A, B, C u ng A.CH4 v C4H10 B. C2H6 v C4H10 Cu 146: t chy 3lt hn hp kh gm 2 hircacbon no k tip trong dy ng ng ,dn sn phm ln lt qua bnh (1) ng CaCl2 khan ri bnh (2) ng dung dch KOH. Sau th nghim khi lng bnh (1) tng 6,43gam, binh (2) tng 9,82gam.Cng thc v hm lng phn trm theo th tch ca 2 hiddroocacbon trong hn hp l(cc kh o ktc) A.CH4:50% ; C2H6:50% B. C2H6: 50% ; C3H8: 50% C.CH4: 33,3% ; C2H6: 66,7% D. C2H6:33,3% ; C3H8: 66,7%




CHNG II:

RU- PHENOL-ANMIN

Cu 1: Mt ru no a chc X mch h c n nguyn t C v m nhm -OH trong cu to phn t. Cho 7,6 gam rc trn phn ng vi lng d Na, thu c 2,24 lt kh (ktc) Lp biu thc lin h gia n v m. A. 7n + 1 = 11m B. 4n + 1 = 10m C. 7n + 4 = 12m D. 7n + 2 = 14m p n : A Cu 2:.Xp cc ancol benzyl di y theo th t phn ng gim dn vi HBr : C6H5-CH2OH(1) , p-O2N-C6H4-CH2OH (2), p-CH3O-C6H4- CH2OH (3), p-Cl-C6H4-CH2OH (4). A. (3), (2), (4), (1) B. (2), (3), (1), (4), C. (3), (1), (4), (2) D. (4), (3), (2), (1) p n : C Cu 3: Dung dch A gm : H2O, CH3OH, C2H5OH. S lin kt Hiro trong dung dch l : A. 3 B. 6 C. 9 p n : C.: 9 D. 12

Cu 4:. un nng hn hp A gm 10 ru no n chc vi H2SO4 c 1400C. S ete thu c l : A.30 B. 45 C. 50 D. 55 p n : D. Cu 5: Cho 2,15 gam ru propylic tc dng vi axit axetic, to thnh este vi hiu sut 100%. Tnh khi lng axit axetic phi dng : A. 2,15 B. 2, 148 C. 2,16 D. 2, 17 p n : A Cu 6: S ng phn cu to ca C8H18 l : A. 17 p n : B B. 18 C. 19 D. 20

Cu 7:. Cho 1 lt cn 920 tc dng vi Na d. Bit rng ru etylic nguyn cht c d = 0,8 g/ml, tnh th tch H2 to ra ktc A. 179,2 lt B. 224 lt C. 228,98 lt D. 280 lt E. Kt qu khc. p n : C Cu 8:.Mt ru A mch h khng lm mt mu nc Br2. t chy a(lt) hi ru A cn 2,5a (lt) cng iu kin. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A : http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n A. CH3OH p n : C B. C2H5OH C. C2H4(OH)2 D. C3H5(OH)3

Cu 9:. Sp xp theo th t mnh tng dn tnh axit ca cc cht cho sau y : C6H5OH(1) ;p-CH3-O-C6H4OH(2); p- NO2-C6H4OH(3); p-CH3- COC6H4OH(4) ; p-CH3-C6H4OH(5) A. (4) (3) (2) (1) (5) B. (2) (5) (1) (4) (3) C. (2) (5) (4) (3) (1) D. (2) (4) (3) (5) (1) p n:B Cu 10:. Hn hp X c phan trn t cc rc no n chc cng dy ng ng c s nguyn t C X2->axit lactic. Cht X1 l : C.CH3CHO D. C2H5CN D. 8,96 D. 1,8g

Cu 82:S ng phn ca hp cht thm C7H8O l : A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 p n : B

D. 5

Cu 83:Vit cng thc cu to c th c ca cht A c thnh phn C4H10O, khi tc dng vi HBr bin thnh cht B c thnh phn C4H9Br. Cht B phn ng vi dung dch ru trong KOH bin thnh C c thnh phn C4H8. Cht C tc dng vi H2O khi c mt H3PO4 to thnh cht c thnh phn C4H10O. Sn phm oxi ho ca A khng cho phn ng trng gng. A l : A. (CH3)2CH-CH2OH B. CH3-CHOH-CH2-CH3 C. (CH3)3C-OH D. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2OH E. Kt qu khc p n : B. Cu 84:Khi hirat ho hn hp anken A thu c 2 sn phm ru. Hn hp A c th l : A. C2H4 v C3H6 B. CH3-CH=CH-CH3, C2H4 C. CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3, C3H6 D. CH3-CH=CH-CH3, CH2=C(CH3)2 E. Kt qu khc. p n : B. Cu 85:Khi em hirat ho gia cc phn t mt hn hp 2 ru n chc, cha bit cu to, thu c 10,8 g nc v 36g hn hp ca 3 hp cht hu c c cng lng mol v thuc cng mt li hp cht hu c. (H=100%). Cng thc ca ru l : A. CH3OH v C2H5OH B. C4H8OH v C5H11OH C. C2H5OH, C3H7O D. CH3OH v C3H7OH E. Kt qu khc, p n : A. D kin sau dng cho cu 86-87: Mt hn hp ru no v ng ng ca phenol c khi lng 2,82 gam. C th phn ng vi 320 g Br2 1,5%. Cng lng hn hp , khi cho tc dng vi Na (d) thu c 481 ml H2 (t0-200C) Cu 86:. Cng thc phn t cc cht l : A. C3H5OH v C7H8O B. CH3OH v C9H12O C. C2H5OH v C8H10O D. C3H8O v C4H9OH E. Kt qu khc. p n : A. Cu 87:.% s mol ca cc cht l (cht c M ln trc ) http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n A. 75% v 25% D. 40% v 60% p n : C. B. 60% v 40% E. Kt qu khc. C. 25% v 75%

Cu 88:t chy hon ton 1 mol 1 ru no cn 2,5 mol O2. Cng thc phn t ru l : A. C2H5OH B. C3H5(OH)3 C. C2H4(OH)2 D. C3H5(OH) E. Kt qu khc. p n : C. Cu 89:un 132,8 gam hn hp gm 3 ru no n chc vi H2SO4 m c 1400C thu c hn hp cc ete c s mol bng nhau v c khi lng l 111,2 gam. S mol mi ete l : A. 0,1 B. 0,2 C. 0,3 D. 0,4 E. Kt qu khc p n :B Cu 90:Cho 3,38 g hn hp Y gm CH3OH, CH3COOH, C6H5OH tc dng va vi Na thy thot ra 672 ml kh ktc. Hn hp rn Y1. Khi lng Y1 l : A. 3,61g B. 4,7g C. 4,76g D. 4,04g E. Kt qu khc p n:B Cu 91:Hn hp CH3OH, C2H5OH, phenol c khi lng 28,9g. Chia i hn hp thnh 2 phn bng nhau lm hai th nghim. Phn mt phn ng hon ton vi Na thu c 2,806 lt H 2 27 0C, 750mm Hg. Phn 2 phn ng va ht vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Phn trm theo khi lng phenol ta c l : A. 36,87% B. 65,05% C. 76,89% D. 12,34% E. 32,65% p n :B D kin sau dng cho cu 92-93-94 Chia hn hp X gm 2 ru no n chc thnh 2 phn bng nhau Phn 1: b t chy hon ton to ra 5,6 lt CO2 (kc) v 6,3 gam H2O Phn 2 : tc dng ht vi Na th thy thot ra V lt kh (ktc) Cu 92:Ta c th tch V l : A. 1,12 l B. 0,56 l C. 2,24 l D. 1,68 l p n:A Cu 93:Nu 2 ru n chc trn l ng ng lin tip th cng thc ca chng l : A.C3H6O v C4H8O B.CH3OH,C2H5OH C.C4H10O,C5H12O D.C2H5OH,C3H7OHp n :D Cu 94:Thnh phn %theo khi lng ca 2 ru l: A.43,4%v 56,6% B.25% v 75% C.505 v 50% p n :A D.44,77% v 55,23%

Cu 95:t chy hon ton m gam ru C, ri cho sn phm chy vo bnh ng Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh tng ln p gam v c t gam kt ta .Bit rng p=0,71t v t=(m+p)/1,02 th ru C l: A.Ru etylic B.Propylen glicol 1,2 C.Glyxerin D.etylen glicol http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n p n:D Cu 96:Mt ru no a chc X mch h c n nguyn t C v m nhm OH trong cu to phn t. Cho 7,6 gam rc trn phn ng vi lng d Na, thu c 2,24 lt kh (ktc) Lp biu thc lin h gia n v m. A. 7n + 1 = 11m B. 4n + 1 = 10m C. 7n + 4 = 12m D. 7n + 2 = 14 p n :A Cu 97:HCHC mch h ng vi cng thc tng qut CnH2nO l : A: axitcacboxilic no n chc B: Ancol no n chc C: este no n chc D: andehit no n chc p n:D Cu 98:Ngi ta iu ch ru etylic t xenlulozo vi hiu sut ca c qu trnh l 60% th khi lng ru thu c t 32,4 g xenlulozo l : A: 11,04 g B: 30,67 g C: 12,04 g D: 18.4 g p n:A Cu 99: Cho cc cht CH3CHO(1), C2H5OH(2), CH3COOH(3) th t sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si l: A: 2,1,3 B: 2,3,1 C: 1,2,3 D: 3,1,2 p n C Cu 100: Cho cc dung dch sau CH3COOH, C2H4(OH)2, C3H5(OH)3, glucozo, saccarozo, C2H5OH s lng dung dch c th ha tan c Cu(OH)2 l: A: 4 B: 5 C: 6 D: 3 p n B Cu 101: Cng thc cu to ca Propan-1,3-diol l: A: HO-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2OH B: HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH C: CH3-CH(OH)-CH2-CH2-OH D: HO-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 p n B Cu 102: Cho cc hp cht thm: C6H5OH(1), CH3-C6H3(OH)2(2), C6H5CH2OH(3). Cht no thuc loi phenol A: 2 v 3 B: 1 C: 1 v 2 D: 2 p n C Cu 103: t chy hon ton 7,6g 2 ru n chc mch h lin tip trong cng dy ng ng thu c 7,84 lt CO2(ktc) v 9g H2O cng thc phn t 2 ru l A: CH3OH. C2H5OH B: C2H5OH, C3H7OH C: C3H7OH, C4H9OH D: C4H9OH, C5H11OH p n B Cu 104: Phn ng no sau y c th xy ra: A: C6H6 + Br2 (H2O) B: C6H5OH + Br2 (H2O) C: CH3COOH + C6H5OH D: c 3 phn ng trn p n B Cu 105: Cho cc ru sau n-butylic(1), sec-butylic(2), izo-bulylic(3), tert-butylic(4) th t gim dn nhit si l: A: 1,2,3,4 B: 1,3,2,4 http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n C: 4,2,3,1 D: 4,3,2,1 p n B Cu 106: Ru no sau y khi tch nc thu c sn phm chnh l 3-Metylbuten-1 A: 2-Metylbutanol-1 B: 2-metylbutanol-2 C: 3-metylbutanol-2 D: 3-metylbutanol-1 p n D Cu 107: Ha tan 92g ru etylic vo nc thu c 250ml dung dch A bit khi lng ring ca ru nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml tnh ru ca dung dch A. A: 40 B: 46 C: 50 D: kt qu khc ap n B Cu 108: Tc ca nhng phn ng lm t lin kt O-H gim dn theo th t A:Ru bc1>Ru bc2>Ru bc3 B: Ru bc2>Ru bc1>Ru bc3 C: Ru bc3>Ru bc2>Ru b1 D: khng ph thuc vo bc ru p n A Cu 109:: un 132,8 g hn hp 3 ru no n chc vi H2SO4c 140 C cho n khi phn ng hon ton thu c 111,2 g hn hp cc ete c s mol bng nhau. Tnh s mol mi ete A: 0.1 B: 0,2 C: 0,3 D: Kt qu khc p n B Cu 110:: Nha phenolfomandehit c iu ch bng cch un nng phenol (d) v dung dch : A: CH3CHO trong mi trng axit B: CH3COOH trong mi trng axit C: HCOOH trong mi trng axit D: HCHO trong mi trng axit p n D Cu 111; C th dng Cu(OH)2 phn bit cc cht trong nhm A: glixerin v saccarozo B: C3H7OH v CH3CHO C: CH3COOH v C2H3OH D: C3H5(OH)3 v C2H4(OH)2 p n : B Cu 112; tch ring tng cht t hn hp benzen, anilin, phenol ta ch cn dng cc ho cht (dng c, iu kin th nghim y ) l : A. dung dch NaOH, dung dch HCl, kh CO B. dung dch Br , dung dch NaOH, kh CO C. dung dch Br , dung dch HCl, kh CO2 2

p n : A Cu 113;Cho 0,1 mol ru X phn ng ht vi Na d thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc). S nhm chc OH ca ru X l : A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 1. p n:C Cu 114: Cho 11 gam hn hp hai ru no n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi Na d thu c 3,36 lt H2 (ktc). Hai ru l A. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. B. C3H7OH v C4H9OH. C. C4H9OH v C5H11OH. D. CH3OH v C2H5OH. p n :D Cu 115:Cho m gam glucoz ln men thnh ru etylic vi hiu sut 80%. Hp th hon ton kh CO2 sinh ra vo dung dch nc vi trong d thu c 20 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 45. B. 22,5. C. 14,4. D. 11,25. http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

2

D. dung dch NaOH, dung dch NaCl, kh CO

2

2

2

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n p n B Cu 116: Dy gm cc cht u phn ng c vi C2H5OH l A. Na, HBr, CuO. B. Na, Fe, HBr. C. NaOH, Na, HBr. D. CuO, KOH, HBr. p n A Cu 117:Cc ru (ancol) no n chc tc dng c vi CuO nung nng to anehit l A. ru bc 2. B. ru bc 3. C. ru bc 1. D. ru bc 1 v ru bc 2. p n C Cu 118:Dy ng ng ca ru etylic c cng thc chung l A. CnH2n +2 - x(OH)x (n x, x>1). B. CnH2n - 7OH (n 6). C. CnH2n - 1OH (n 3). D. CnH2n + 1OH (n 1). p n D Cu 119: Hn hp X gm 3 ru n chc A,B,C trong B,C l 2 ru ng phn. t chy hon ton 0,08mol X thu c 3,96 g H2O v 3,136 lt kh CO2 (ktc). S mol ru A bng 5/3 tng s mol ru B+C. Vy cng thc phn t cc ru l : A: CH4O v C3H8O B: CH4O v C3H6O. C: CH4O v C3H4O D: C A,B,C u c th ng E: c 4 cu trn u sai p n :A Cu 120: Cho 18,32 g 2,4,6 trinitro phenol vo mt chai bng gang c th tch khng i 560 cm 3. t kp n vo chai ri cho n 1911 C. tnh p sut trong bnh ti nhit bit rng sn phm n l hn hp CO, CO2,N2,H2 v p sut thc t nh hn p sut l thuyt 8%. A: 207,36 atm B: 211,968 atm C: 201 atm D: 236,4 atm E: tt c u sai p n :B Cu 121: un nng hn hp gm 2 ru no n chc vi H2SO4 m c 140 C thu c 21,6 g H2O v 72 g hn hp 3 ete( 3 ete thu c c s mol bng nhau). CTCT 2 ru l: A: CH3OH, CH3CH2CH2OH B: (CH3)2CHOH, CH3CH2CH2OH C: CH3OH, C2H5OH D: (CH3)2CHOH, C2H5OH E: C2H5OH, CH3CH2CH2OH p n :C Cu 122: Tch nc hon ton hn hp X thu c hn hp Y gm cc olephin. Nu t chy hon ton X thi thu c 1,76 g CO2 th khi t chy hon ton Y tng khi lng H2O v CO2 to ra: A: 2.,94g B 2,48g C:1,76. g D 2,76 g E 1,8g p n:B Cu 123:A v B l 2 ru no k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Cho hn hp gm 1,6 g A v 2,3 g B tc dng ht vi Na thu c 1,12 lt H2(dkc). CTPT 2 ru l: A CH3OH, C2H5OH B C3H8OH, C2H5OH C C3H8OH, C4H9OH D C4H9OH, C8H11OH p n :A Cu 124: Chia a g hn hp 2 ru no n chc thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1: t hon ton thu c 2,24 lt CO2 Phn 2: tch nc hon ton thu c 2 anken. t chy hon ton 2 anken ny thu c m g H2O. m c gi tr: http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n A .0,18 B .1,8 C. 8,1 D. 0,36 p n:B Cu 125: cng thc phn t ca ru A l CnHmOx. cho A l ru no th m phi c gi tr: A. m=2n +x B. m=2n+2-x C. m=2n-1 -x D. m=2n+1-x ap n B Cu 126: t chy 1 mol ru no X mch h cn 56 lt O2(kc). Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X A: C3H5(OH)3 B: C2H4(OH)2 C: C3H6(OH)2 D: kt qu khc p n :B Cu 127: Trn 1 ru metylic v ru etylic ri tin hnh un nng c mt axit H2SO4 m c ta thu c ti a bao nhiu hp cht hu c A.3 B.4 C.5 D.Kt qu khc p n : D Cu 128: Benzen khng phn ng vi Br2 nhng phenol lm mt mu Br2 rt nhanh v: A: phenol c tnh axit. B: tnh axit ca phenol yu hn c axit cacbonic C: phenol l dung mi hu c phn cc hn benzen D:do nh hng ca nhm OH cc v tr octo v para trong phenol giu in tch m to iu kin cho Br2 tn cng p n :D Cu 129: un ru A n chc vi H2SO4 c thu c hp cht hu c B c dB/A= 0,7. xc nh CTPT ca A A. C3H5OH B .C3H7OH C .C4H7OH D.C4H9OH p n :B Cu 130: Cho cc cht sau Butan-1-ol(1) pental-1-ol(2) v hexan-1-ol(3) Sp xp cc cht theo th t tng dn kh nng tan trong trong nc : A: 1 (1) > (5) > (2) B. (4) > (5) > (1) > (3) > (2) C. (4) > (1) > (5) > (3) > (2) D. (4) > (5) > (3) > (1) > (2) Cu 100: Cho 5 dung dch H2SO4 (1), CH3COOH (2), CH3COONa (3), Cl3CCOOH(4), Cl3CCOONa (5). Th t tng dn pH ca 5 dung dch l : A. (1) < (4) < (2) < (5) < (3) B. (1) < (4) < (5) < (2) < (3) C. (1) < (4) < (2) < (3) < (5) D. (3) < (5) < (2) < (4) < (1) Cu 101: Cho cc cht sau : HOOC-COOH (1), HCOONH4 (2), HCOOCH3 (3), CH3COOCH=CH2 (4). Nhng hp cht no khi cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/ NH3 (vi nng NH3 cao) th c th sinh ra Ag : A. (1),(2),(3) B. (2),(3),(4) C. (1),(2),(3),(4) D. (2),(3) http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Cu 102: Cho cc cp cht sau : 1. HCHO v C6H5OH 2. H2N-CH2-COOH v H2N-(CH2)4-COOH 3. C6H5CH=CH2 v CH2=CH-CH=CH2. Nhng cp cht no c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp : A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 103: A l hn hp gm 2 anehit c cng s nguyn t cacbon . Cho 5,1g hn hp A bay hi 250oC v 1atm th c th tch l 4,29 lit. Bit MA < MB v : + H2 , Ni , to A + O2 , xtc B D C E

CTPT ca E l : A. C6H10O4 B. C6H10O2 C. C5H8O4 D. C5H10O2 Cu 104: Cho 3,5g hp cht n chc X (ch cha C, H, O) phn ng va vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c 10,8g Ag. Bit rng tn ca n c tip u ng. CTCT X l : A. CH2=CH-CH2-CHO B. CH2=C(CH3)-CHO C. CH2 - CH - CHO D. CH3 H C=C CH2 H CHO Cu 105: Hp cht hu c a chc X c CTPT l C6H8O4. Thu phn X bng dung dch NaOH d thu c mt mui v mt ru. CTCT c th c ca X l : A. HOOC-COO-CH2-CH=CH-CH3 B. HOOC-COO-CH(CH3)-CH=CH2 C. COO - CH2 D. C A, B, C u ng CH3 - CH COO - CH2 Cu 106: Chn cu tr li ng trong cc pht biu di y: 1. Anhit no n chc l nhng HCHC m phn t c 1 nhm (-OH) hydroxyl lin kt vi gc hirocacbon no 2. Anhit no n chc l nhng HCHC m phn t c 1 nhm chc anehit lin kt vi gc hirocacbon khng no 3. Anhit no n chc l nhng HCHC m phn t c 1 nhm chc anehit lin kt vi gc hirocacbon no 4. Anhit no n chc l nhng HCHC m phn t c 1 nhm chc cacboxyl lin kt vi gc hirocacbon no A. 1, 2 B. 3 C. 1, 2, 3 D.Tt c du ng Cu 107: Chn cu tr li sai trong cc pht biu di y: 1. Anhit fomic c tn gi khc l fomandehit, fomon 2. Anhit fomic l cht kh khng mu, c mi xc kh chu, tan nhiu trong nc 3. Anhit tham gia phn ng vi dung dich NaOH to mui 4. Trong cng nghip, anhit fomic c iu ch bng phng php sau : xi ha ru metylic bng xi khng kh nh cht xc tc ng kim loi nhit 500 -700 oC 5. Tn thng thng ca anehit l : Anehit + tn ru tng ng 6. Tn quc t ca anhit no n chc : Tn ca hirocacbon no tng ng + al 7. Nhit si ca anhit cao hn nhit si ca ru tng ng A. 1,2,3 B 4,5,7 C. 3,5,7 D. 1,5,6,7 Cu 108: Anehit c th tham gia phn ng trng gng v phn ng vi H2 ( Ni, to ) tc l : http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n A. Anehit ch th hin tnh kh B. Anehit ch th hin tnh oxi ha C. Anhit th hin c tnh kh v tnh oxi ha D. Anehit khng th hin tnh kh hay tnh oxi ha Cu 109: Phn bit propanol-1 , propanon v propanal ta c th dng phn ng no trong cc phn ng sau: 1. Phn ng vi Na 2. Phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 3. Phn ng vi dung dch NaHSO3 Chn p n ng nht A. 1,2,3 B. 1,3 C. 1,2 D. 1,2 hoc 2,3 Cu 110: Trong s cc cht sau, cht no dng ngm xc ng vt A. D2 HCHO B. D2CH3OH C. C A, B D. Kt qu khc Cu 111: Chn cu tr li sai trong cc pht biu di y : 1. Axit cacboxylic no n chc l nhng HCHC m phn t c 1 nhm cacboxyl lin kt vi gc hirocacbon no 2. Tn thng thng ca Axit cacboxylic l tn lin quan n ngun gc tm ra chng 3. Tn quc t ca Axit cacboxylic : Axit + tn quc t ca hirocacbon no tng ng + ic 4. Nhit si ca axt u hn hn nhit si ca ru tng ng A. 1 B. 1, 2 C. 3 D. 3, 4 Cu 112: Chn cu tr li ng 1.Axt tham gia phn ng vi ru gi l phn ng este ha 2.Axt khng tc dng c vi Na 3.Anht phn ng H2 ( Ni , to) to axit tng ng 4.Axt tc dng vi O2 ( mi trng men gim) to ru tng ng 5.c im ca phn ng este ha l thun nghch 6.Axit phn ng vi kim loi to mui v gii phng kh H2 A. 1,2,3,4 B. 1,5,6 C. 2,5,6 D. 2,3 Cu 113: Cng thc chung ca Axt cacboxylic khng no n chc l : A. CnH2n+1COOH B. CnH2nCOOH C. CnH2n-1 COOH D. CnH2n-2COOH Cu 114: Chn cu tr li sai trong cc pht biu di y 1.ESTE l sn phm ca phn ng este ha gia axt vi ru 2.Tn thng thng ca este : Tn gc hirocacbon ca ru + Tn gc axit c ui al 3.ESTE l nhng cht rn , khng mu khng mi khng v 4.ESTE c nhit si thp hn so vi cc Axt cacboxylic to nn este v este nng hn nc nc, d tan trong nc 5.ESTE l nguyn liu sn xut si tng hp, thy tinh hu c 6.ESTE tham gia phn ng vi axit ln baz nn chng lng tnh 7.T anehit c th iu ch trc tip ra este tng ng A.1,5,7 B.2,5,7 C. 3,4,5 D. 2,3,4,6,7 Cu 115: Mt hn hp X gm 2 ankanal ng ng k tip khi b xi ha hon ton cho ra hn hp 2 ru c khi lng ln hn khi lng X l 1g . X t chy cho ra 30,8 g CO2 . Xc nh CTPT ca 2 ankanal v khi lng ca chng A. 9g HCHO; 4,4 g CH3CHO B. 18g HCHO; 8,8 g CH3CHO C. 4,5g HCHO; 4,4 g CH3CHO D. 9g HCHO; 8,8 g CH3CHO



Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n Cu 116: Cho HCHC A n chc tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 cho Ag kt ta, A cng Br2 theo t l 1:1. Hir ha hon ton A thu c 1,2 g B, lng B ny khi tc dng vi Na d cho ra 0,224 lit H2 (ktc). Xc nh CTCT ca A v B : A. HCHO, CH3OH B. CH2=CH-CH2-CHO ,CH3-(CH2)3-OH C. CH2=CH-CHO, CH3-(CH2)2-OH D. CH3CHO, CH3CH2OH Cu 117: t chy hon ton 1 lng 2 este no n chc cn 3,976 lit O2 (ktc) thu c 6,38 g kh CO2 . Cho lng este ny tc dng d vi KOH thu c hn hp 2 ru k tip v 3,92 g mui ca axt hu c. Tm CTPT v tnh khi lng ca mi este trong hn hp . A. C3H6O2 (1,11g); C4H8O2 (2,12g) B. C4H8O2 (1,11g); C3H6O2 (2,2g) C. C2H4O2 (1,11g); C3H6O2 (2,12g) D. C2H4O2 (1,11g); C4H8O2 (2,2g) Cu 118: Hai cht hu c A,B (C,H,O) u c 53,33 % oxi theo khi lng. Khi lng phn t ca B gp 1,5 ln khi lng phn t ca A . t chy ht 0,04 mol hn hp A,B cn 0,1 mol O 2 .Mt khc khi cho s mol bng nhau ca A, B tc dng vi lng d dung dich NaOH th lng mui to t B gp 1,952 lng mui to t A (phn ng xy ra hon ton). Tm CTPT A,B A. C2H4O2 v C3H6O3 B. C2H2O2 v C3H6O2 C. C4H8O2 v C5H12O2 D. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2 Cu 119: t chy 1,7 g este X cn 2,52 lit O2 (ktc) thu c CO2v H2O trong nCO2: n H2O = 2 . un nng 0,01 mol X vi dung dch NaOH thy 0,02 mol NaOH tham gia phn ng . X khng cha chc este , khng phn ng vi Na, khng kh c AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3. Xc nh CTPT X : A. C4H4O2 B. C8H8O2 C. C3H6O2 D. C4H8O2 Cu 120: trung ho 2,49 g hn hp axt focmic v axt acrylic th cn dng 400 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1 M. Nu cho ton b lng axit trn phn ng vi kim loi Mg d th th tch H2 (lit) thu c iu kin chun l: A. 0,112 B. 0,448 C. 0,224 D. 0,336 Cu 121: Hp cht c cng thc l CxHyOz c khi lng phn t 60 vC. Trong cc cht trn c cht A tc dng c vi Na2CO3 thu c CO2 . Cht B tc dng c vi Na v c phn ng trng gng .Cht C tc dng vi NaOH nhng khng tc dng c vi Na . Cng thc ln lt ca A,B,C l : A. C3H7OH ; HO-CH2-CH2-CHO ; CH3COOCH3 B. C2H5COOH ; HO-CH2-CH2-CHO; C2H5COOCH3 C. CH3COOH ; HCOOCH3; HO -CH2-CHO D. CH3COOH; HO -CH2-CHO ; HCOOCH3 Cu 122: Axt Axetic c hng s phn li Ka= 1,8.10-5 . Nu in li =1,2% th nng dung dch l (M) : A. 0,0653 B. 0,0845 C. 0,1235 D. 0,125 Cu 123: Trong 1 bnh kn dung tch khng i cha 1 lng O2 gp i lng cn thit t chy v hn hp 2 este ng phn c CTPT l CnH2nO2 .Nhit v p sut trong bnh lc u l 136,5oC v 1at. Sau khi t chy hon ton 2 este gi nhit bnh 819 oK, p sut trong bnh lc ny l 2,375atm . Xc nh CTPT ca 2 este : A. CH3COOCH3; HCOOCH3 B. C4H9COOC4H9 ; C2H5COOC6H13 C. C3H7COOC3H7 ; C2H5COOC4H9 D. C2H5COOC2H5 ; HCOOC3H7 Cu 124: Trong cc cu sau y, cu no sai ? A. Cc cht c cng khi lng phn t l ng phn ca nhau. B. Tnh axit gim dn trong dy ng ng ca axit fomic. C. Khi cho phenol v anilin tc dng vi dd Brm th v tr nhm th u tin l orth v para. D. Ru etylic c nhit si cao hn hn cc Hidro Cacbon v cc dn xut Halogen tng ng. Cu 125: Khi t chy cc ng ng ca mt ru th t l nCO2 : nH2O tng dn khi s nguyn t Ccbon tng dn. l dy ng ng ca: http://ebook.top1.vn http://maichoi.vuicaida.com Ti liu chia s trn mng

Chuyn Ho Hu c - Lp 11 chuyn Ho - Trng THPT chuyn L Qu n A.Ru no n chc. B. Ru thm. C.Ru vng no. D. Ru no. Cu 126: Triglixerit l este ba ln este ca glixerin. Nu un nng glixerin vi hn hp ba este RCOOH, R'COOH, R''COOH th thu c ti a bao nhiu Triglixerit? A. 9 B. 12 C. 18 D.15 Cu 127: Cho cc cht sau: C2H5OH(1), C2H5Cl(2), CH3COOH(3), CH3COOC2H5(4). T t tng dn nhit si l: A.1-2-3-4 B.1-2-4-3 C.4-1-2-3 D.2-4-1-3 Cu 128: Khi oxy ho 2,2 gam 1 anehit n chc thu c 3 g axit tng ng. CTPT ca anehit l: A.CH3CHO B.HCHO C.C2H5CHO D.C3H7CHO Cu 129: Oxy ho m gam hh A cha andehit propionic vi andehit axetic ta thu c hn hp B cha hai axit tng ng. T khi hi ca B so vi A l a, a c gi tr trong khong: A. 1.364

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