11.1 cells and batteries (page 437-444) homework: page 445 # 2, 5, 8 key concepts (page 445)
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11.1 Cells and Batteries (Page 437-444)
Homework: Page 445 # 2, 5, 8 Key Concepts (Page 445)
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In a voltaic cell, chemical reaction involve two different metals or metals compounds (called electrodes), and a conducting solution or a paste (called an electrolyte).Watch This And this if you want more
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• A battery is a connection of two or more cells.
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A dry cell contains an electrolyte that is a paste, whereas a wet cell contains an electrolyte that is a liquid solution.
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• A primary cell can be used only once, and then it is discarded, whereas a secondary cell can be recharged many times.
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A fuel cell generates electricity using chemical reactions of fuel stored outside the cell.
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A solar cell converts sunlight, a renewable energy source, into electrical energy.
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Electric and Hybrid Vehicles:1. Compare the consequences to the environment of using an electric car and a hybrid car?
• A regular gas-burning car wastes fuel and releases carbon dioxide at all times, even when stuck in traffic.
• An electric car charged by the power generated by an oil burning generating plant converts twice as much energy to making a car move.
• It thus wastes less fuel and produces less CO2. Hybrids save on fuel by converting braking energy into electrical energy which can later be used to move the car.
• Hybrids, like electric cars, waste less fuel and produce less CO2 than regular gas cars.
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3. Write a description of the different types of cells and list examples of each one.
Type of Cell Description Examples
Dry Cell A cell that contains an electrolyte that is a paste.
Zinc-carbon cellsAlkaline cells
Wet Cell A cell that contains an electrolyte that is a liquid.
Lead acid batteries
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Type of Cell Description Examples
Primary Cell A cell that can be used only once.
Zinc-carbon cells
Secondary Cell A cell that can be recharged.
Nickel-metal hydride cells
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Type of Cell Description Examples
Fuel Cell A cell that generates electricity through the chemical reactions of fuel that is stored outside the cell.
Hydrogen fuel cell
Solar Cell A cell that converts sunlight into electrical energy.
Solar panels
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5. What is an electrolyte? Explain the function of an electrolyte in a cell.
• An electrolyte is a solution or paste that conducts charge.
• Electrons flow from one electrode to the other outside of the battery, while inside the battery the circuit is closed by the electrolyte's ions.