11 zamboanga peninsula

7/30/2019 11 Zamboanga Peninsula

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Zamboanga Peninsula

Region 9

Rapid Field

Appraisal of

Decentralization


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Tis study is made possible by the generous support o the Americanpeople through the United States Agency or InternationalDevelopment (USAID) through Cooperative Agreement NumberAID 492-A-00-09-00031-00. Te contents are the responsibilityo Te Asia Foundation and do not necessarily reect the views oUSAID or the United States Government.


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Better Performance in Administration and Governance

3

Better Performance in

Administration andGovernance

Chona Q. SarmientoExEcutivE Summary

Decentralization in our aspects (administration and governance, health and servicedelivery, economic development, and environmental management) has provided

opportunities or plurality o actors and increased accountability o local authorities.However, there is no systematic or comparative evidence on whether increasedparticipation in decentralized local governance generates better outputs in terms oimprovements in Region 9.

It is evident that because o the local government units (LGUs) improved localtaxation and revenue collection, including the operation o local enterprises, they arenow addressing the actual needs o their constituents through the delivery o theirmandated services. Tey have also allocated budgets on these and no longer only waitor national assistance to nance these projects.

Because o decentralization there is an increasing development o local capacity bothin resources (manpower, machine, money, and methods) and management, whichincludes leadership, linkages, and networking systems and procedures. Evidently thereis increased local autonomy and participation in localized decision-making, in turnaccelerating development in most o the LGUs.

Increased public awareness and vigilance on all ongoing LGU projects madepolitical personalities aware the importance o transparency, which could improvedecentralization and reduce corruption.

All the LGUs agreed that there is a need to include the participation o dierentsectors in local governance and development with the active mobilization o all LocalDevelopment Councils (LDCs) and local special bodies, including various sectoralcouncils to improve LGUs perormance.

Respondents in the Focused Group Discussions (FGD) agreed that decentralizationresulted in improved basic-services delivery because o the participation o all thedierent sectors in the locality.


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Region 9 has the rst export-processing zone in Mindanao, with arming and shingas the main economic activities. It also has rice and corn mills, and has industriesprocessing oil, coee berry, and rubber latex. Its home industries include rattan and

urniture crats, basket making, weaving, and brass work.

Te cities o Zamboanga, Dipolog, and Pagadian serve as the centers o trade,commerce, and education in the region. As o 1996, only approximately 45 percento the potential irrigable area o 62,600 hectares is irrigated. Only 40 percent o theregions population has access to potable water while the remaining 60 percent gettheir drinking water rom rivers, lakes, and open ponds.

Degph Ple reg 9 LGus

Te 11th Rapid Field Appraisal (RFA) covered the three provinces o WesternMindanao, the two capital cities Dipolog and Pagadian City, and seven municipalities,which were chosen based on income classication.

able 1: Demographic Prole o the LGUs

LGU

Bsic Prole

LGU

Type

Income

ClssPopultion

Totl Lnd

Area (in

has):

No. of

Brgys.

No. of

Households

Province

Zamboanga

del NorteProvince 1st 924,924 730,101.00 691 189,456

Zamboanga

SibugayProvince 2nd 561,154 360,725.00 389 117,250

Zamboanga

del SurProvince 1st 925,981 473,471.00 687 188,394

Cities

Pagadian City 2nd 175,839 37,880.00 54 34,698

Dipolog City 3rd 117,826 13,628.00 21 24,396

Municiplities

Ipil Municipality 1st 61,345 36,690.00 28 12,037

Diplahan Municipality 3rd 28,918 25,551.00 22 5,786

Manuel

Roxas Municipality 3rd

35,939 27,082.28 31 7,000

Mutia Municipality 5th 12,078 7,358.00 16 2,416

Guipos Municipality 5th 20,831 99,999,99 17 3,921

Talusan Municipality 5th 25,465 5,816.00 14 3,707

Labangan Municipality 3rd 39,301 16,790.00 25 6,771


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Rapid Field Appraisal of Decentralization: Region 9

6

Te two cities, Pagadian and Dipolog, are thickly populated compared to othermunicipalities and provinces, but with less number o households. Pagadian has thehighest number o population among the sample LGUs. However it has less number

o households compared to the three provinces. Among the municipalities, only Ipilis classied as rst class by income status.

rESuLtS o DEcEntraLization

i. Ll Gee d ads

Initially, results show a substantial evidence o the very satisactory to slow perormanceratings in all the ve areas on administrative governance, specically on local legislation,development planning, revenue collection, and human resource management and

development. In local governance perormance, six were perorming very satisactorily,two were average, and two were perorming below satisactory levels.

Te overall measures revealed that 12 LGUs showed better perormance in administrationand governance. A very satisactory perormance was also displayed by the LGUs incustomer service and human resource management and development. Seven o theLGUs also showed a relatively improved system regarding nancial transactions withthe use o various media, including in billboards, posters, bulletin boards, yers, andonline publications. Te remaining ve need to step up their perormance throughareas o revenue generation to local legislation and resource allocation and utilization.

Ll Legsl

LGUs are now addressing the actual needs o their constituents through the deliveryo their mandated services and allocating budgets or these, instead o waiting ornational assistance to nance these projects. Tere is also improved local taxationand revenue collection, including the operation o local enterprises. Likewise, there isan increasing development o local capacity both in resources (manpower, machine,money, and methods) and management, which includes leadership, linkages, andnetworking systems and procedures. Evidently there is increased local autonomyand participation in localized decision making and the increasing momentum oraccelerating development in most o the LGUs.

Te elected ofcials and local executives are now also more accountable to theircommunities and people they serve. Te LGUs also drew up a to-do list so that theycan urther improve local governance and administration:

1. Improve revenue generation through efcient collection o taxes and other ees,and develop the potential o the municipalities as part o economic growth;

2. Identiy strategies, systems, programs and projects to improve delivery oservices to constituents;


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3. Improve planning and management processes;4. Formulate agricultural plans and systems to address issues related to lack o

extension workers and low agricultural production; and

5. Increase the participation o Civil Society Organizations (CSO) and PrivateSector Organizations (PSO) in local governance.

Legal and Regulatory Framework rom Local Ordinances

Te cities o Pagadian and Dipolog, the two provinces o Zamboanga del Norte andZamboanga Sibuagay, and the municipalities o Guipos and Roxas have a signicantnumber o ordinances and resolutions that have shown positive outcomes in terms odemocratization and participation, program development, public service perormance,and poverty alleviation. Most o the benets rom the localized ordinances came rom

increased participation o sectors concerned.

Examples o these ordinances in the municipality o Mutia include budgetary supportor the procurement o planting materials or rubber and abaca production, providingguidelines or the dispersal o poultry and livestock, and providing additional ringebenets and better working conditions or LGU employees.

Imperatives o Quality Legislation

Almost all the LGUs agreed on the need or a legislative sta with greater competenceand knowledge on legislative tools such as agenda development, legislative tracking,

backstopping committee, and legislative perormance. At present, the LGUs donot have Sanggunian personnel with the knowledge and competency in legislativetracking system.

tspe

According to the respondents, increased public awareness and vigilance on all ongoingprojects o the LGUs made political personalities realize that transparency could alsoincrease their popularity and trust among their constituents, and could give them moreopportunities to gain power over their rivals, and thus improve decentralization. Tisin turn provides the public greater opportunity to monitor local ofcials perormanceand lessen corruption.

LGUs used various ways to inorm people about projects, such as radio programs,websites, community assemblies, and perormance reports. Tey also shared inormationthrough bulletin boards, newsletters, photo galleries, and accomplishment reports,which are usually being displayed in conspicuous places. Events like anniversaries andestivities o the provinces as in the province o Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboangadel Sur, including Sibugay, usually had displays o project proles. Some LGUs alsoemploy public inormation desks, along with systems o grievances and complaints,


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including reerral systems. Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur have beenvery active in displaying inormation about projects being undertaken.

Pp-Pp Deelpe ide

All the LGUs agreed that there is a need to include the participation o dierent sectorsin local governance and development with the active mobilization o all LDCs and localspecial bodies, including various sectoral councils. Te LDC is the mechanism used orcoordinating the eorts o the national and local government ofces, as well as NGOs,to accelerate economic and social development at the local level. Other unctionalparticipating councils in the LGUs studied are the Municipal Development Council(MDC), Municipal health Board (MHB), Municipal School Board (MSB), MunicipalPeace and Order Council (MPOC), and sectoral councils representing children, women,

senior citizens, among others.

Respondents agreed that decentralization resulted in successul experiences inimproving the delivery o basic services because o the participation o all the dierentsectors. wo mayors experiencing patronage politics, however, said that it could bea risk to encourage stakeholders to participate. Tis practice, they said, is usuallymonopolized by those loyal to incumbent ofcials come election time.

Deelpe Plg

As or development planning, eight LGUs were perorming very satisactorily, while

two were perorming satisactorily. In the past, there were many tools provided toenhance planning and development. Yet while projects and programs are strategy-driven, perormance depends on the capacity o the planning ofcer to adopt theseprocesses and to link dierent planning initiatives to make these useul or the LGUs.Still, it is evident that multi-sectoral representation is now observed. LGUs now have ahigher capacity or making o development plans, executive-legislative agenda (ELAs),and strategic planning exercises.

Te Panguil Bay Development Council (PBDC) is one example that shows thecommitment o political and civil society leaders o Zamboanga del Sur. PBDC is anadministrative mechanism created to ensure systematic planning and coordination odevelopment policies and programs in the coastal areas o Zamboanga Sur.

rese Gee

ables 2A and 2B show the divergent nature o the regions income classes rom (high,medium and low), and reect the wide disparity in their ability to raise income withinve years rom their ability to levy taxes. Te average revenue collected as incomevaries signicantly between LGUs, ranging rom between 1.36 to 3.02 percent or the


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provinces, to between 10 and 11 percent among cities, and between 1.19 to 11.84percent or municipalities. Tere is a large dierence in income generation rom high tolow and the dierences in their revenue by sources. It can be seen that the LGUs have

less than 12 percent collection rom tax revenues and less than 20 percent rom non-taxrevenues. Generally the LGUs showed a total o 92 to 63 percent share rom nationaltax, with most having less than 10 percent income generated rom other sources. In anaverage o ve years, the total shares rom national taxes ranged rom 94 to 63 percent.

Te LGUs Financial Status

able 2A: Average Income Generation in 3 Provinces and 2 Cities in ZamboangaRegion (2004-2008)

Zamboanga

del Norte

Zamboanga

del Sur

Zamboanga

Sibugy

Dipolog

City

Pagadian

City

TOTAL INCOME

(Php million)940.18 591.86 435.89 314.94 397.68

Percent of Totl

Total Tax

Revenue1.36 3.02 2.02 11.84 10.33

Total Non-Tax

Revenue18.02 2.68 2.49 12.36 14.72

Total Local Source 19.38 5.69 4.50 24.20 25.05

Total Shares

from National Tax

Collections

70.87 91.96 92.64 71.82 74.95

Other Income 9.74 2.35 2.85 3.99 0.00

Source: BLGF Financial Data 2001-2008

able 2B: Average Income Generation in 7 Municipalities in Zamboanga Region(2004-2008)

Mutia Roxas Diplahan Ipil Talusan Guipos Labangan

TOTAL INCOME

(Php million)22.10 55.87 40.29 85.14 26.85 28.11 44.07

Percent of Totl

Total Tax

Revenue2.17 9.38 3.11 9.49 1.19 2.35 2.43

Total Non-Tax

Revenue2.83 17.28 4.29 22.18 2.82 8.17 2.03

Total Local Source 5.00 26.66 7.40 31.68 4.01 10.52 4.46

Total Shares from

National Tax

Collections

94.97 71.08 92.61 63.50 90.40 88.62 87.92

Other Income 0.01 2.26 0.00 4.82 5.58 0.85 7.62



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Te experiences o the municipality o Roxas and the city o Dipolog are proo thatLGUs have increased their capacity in resource generation and efcient managemento unds. Ordinances creating additional revenues and increasing the existing taris

or LGU acilities resulted in high revenue collection or the LGUs. Zamboanga delNorte had the highest generated income rom local and external sources, includingborrowings. Revenues generated rom local sources came rom real property taxes,business tax/local income, and non-tax/operating and miscellaneous revenues. Teexternal sources came rom local government share on Internal Revenue Allotment(IRA), grants and aid, and borrowings.

Te LGUs various und sources include the IRA, locally generated revenue rom taxes,business rates on ees, and charges or certain services. In general, the LGUs wereable to generate revenue through their own sources o tax and user charges to provide

services to the community, but they also relied heavily on the IRA rom 63 to 93percent. Te average proportion o locally generated revenues is actually low: between4.57 and 37 percent or the last ve years. Te sole exception is the municipality oIpil, with almost 50 percent.

Real Property ax

There are variations in the Real ax Accomplishment (RA) rates o LGUs within theregion. Te real property tax (RP) is the biggest single source o locally generated LGUrevenue. Yet the LGUs LRP collection rates were lower compared to the nationalaverage, as well as those in other regions. Tis was attributed to political constraints in

the passing o ordinances and other policies that might help in RP collection.

Internal Revenue Allotment

Aside rom the IRA, the LGUs income is augmented by Own-Source Revenues (OSR)rom operating and miscellaneous revenues, capital revenues, grants, extraordinaryreceipts, and borrowings. On the average, the two rst-class provinces receive an IRAshare not lower than P750 million while Zamboanga Sibugay comparably receivesonly about 60 percent o that. Te two cities receive only about 20 to 23 percent owhat the provinces receive as IRA.

able 3A: Locally-Sourced Revenues to otal Income

Zamboanga

del Sur

Zamboanga

del Norte

Zamboanga

SibugayTalusan Mutia Labangan

Municipality/

City

DR 90.28 96.00 96.62 98.46 38.00 97.31

LS 9.72 4.00 3.38 1.54 62.00 2.89

Ave. ClassDR 84.28 84.28 89.63 86.27 86.22 82.67

LS 15.72 15.72 10.37 13.73 13.70 17.33

National

Average

DR 87.80 87.80 87.80 81.31 81.30 81.31

LS 12.20 12.20 12.20 18.69 18.70 18.69


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Guipos Diplahan Ipil Roxas Dipolog Pagadian

Municipality/

City

DR 27.00 90.00 60.00 62.80 72.73 76.80

LS 73.00 10.00 40.00 38.00 22.27 23.20

Ave. ClassDR 86.27 82.67 73.62 82.67 68.24 67.58

LS 13.73 17.33 26.38 17.33 31.76 32.42

National

Average

DR 81.31 81.31 81.31 81.33 66.69 66.40

LS 18.69 18.69 18.69 18.70 33.31 33.60

Legend: DR = Dependency Rate rom External Revenue Sources; LS = Locally-SourcedRevenues to Local Incomes.Source: DILG LGPMS PY2009

Limited Resource Generation Capacity

Te national government has encouraged LGUs to increase OSR, but this hasapparently been difcult to do or many LGUs. ables 3A and 3B, shows that theLGUs are highly IRA-dependent, with IRA making up between 90 and 95 percento their total income. Te reasons or LGUs inability to increase their own sourcerevenues include the limited power o taxation with low tax rates, and lack o politicalwill among local ofcials to implement alternative methods or revenues. Te smallpercentage o OSR to the municipal income and its IRA ranges rom zero to 7.62percent as shown in able 2B.

able 4A: Selected Fiscal Indicators o 3 Provinces and 2 Cities in ZamboangaRegion (2004-2008)

Five Years Average, 2004-2008

Zamboanga

del Norte

Zamboanga

del Sur

Zamboanga

Sibugay

Dipolog

City

Pagadian

City

Percent IRA to Total

Revenue 70.69% 91.95% 90.46% 71.82% 74.95%

Percent Locally

Generated Revenue

to IRA 27.42% 6.19% 4.98% 33.69% 33.42%

Percent Tax Revenue

to Local Generated

Revenue 7.01% 52.97% 44.78% 48.94% 41.23%

Percent Locally

Generated Revenue

to Total Expenditure 22.49% 6.56% 4.61% 27.67% 38.83%

Percent IRA to Total

Expenditure 82.01% 105.97% 92.67% 82.14% 116.17%

Percent Total

Revenue to Total

Expenditure 116.03% 115.25% 102.44% 114.37% 154.99%


able 3B: Locally-Sourced Revenues to otal Income


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able 5A: Percent Average Expenditures o 3 Provinces and 2 Cities in ZamboangaRegion (2004-2008)

Zamboanga

del Norte

Zamboanga

del Sur

Zamboanga

Sibugay

Dipolog

City

Pagadian

City

TOTAL

EXPENDITURES

(Php million)

810.32 513.56 425.50 275.37 256.58

Percent of Total

General Public

Services23.44 51.08 42.25 23.80 38.32

Education, Culture

& Sports/Manpower

Development

1.13 1.33 1.02 1.54 1.35

Health, Nutrition &

Population Control17.80 2.23 3.05 5.23 7.03

Labor & Employment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00

Housing & Community

Development0.00 0.00 0.00 1.91 0.65

Social Security /Social

Services & Welfare0.76 1.05 2.09 3.11 1.81

Economic Services 38.99 22.17 23.29 21.86 15.11

Debt Service 1.22 0.00 0.67 4.39 0.00

Other Purposes 16.66 22.14 27.64 38.07 35.74


able 5B: Percent Average Expenditures o 7 Municipalities in Zamboanga Region(2004-2008)


TOTAL

EXPENDITURES

(Php million)

21.10 49.27 36.42 74.41 25.15 27.10 43.25

Percent of Total

General Public

Services56.45 52.00 56.40 35.24 92.73 45.64 56.13

Education, Culture

& Sports/ Manpower

Development

0.72 1.25 0.82 1.22 0.11 0.83 0.75

Health, Nutrition &

Population Control12.23 6.13 7.55 8.48 0.42 4.69 6.93

Labor & Employment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00

Housing & Community

Development0.79 0.00 0.00 2.24 0.36 0.00 0.00


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Social Security/Social

Services & Welfare3.45 1.82 3.66 3.51 0.00 1.31 1.40

Economic Services 7.81 25.48 11.53 30.99 5.23 10.72 13.01

Debt Service 2.59 0.56 0.00 7.04 1.02 0.00 7.66

Other purposes 15.96 12.76 20.04 11.19 0.12 36.82 14.11


Debt Service Ratio

Debt servicing is the minimum key to sustain other development programs. Te debtservice ratio o all the LGUs is ar below the required average o 20 percent. Zamboangadel Norte and Sibugays debt service ratios are below ve percent. At an average,

most o the LGUs are within or below 15 percent, characterized as a conservative debtservice ratio.

l abl

Most LGUs provided eective nancial management procedures in nancialtransactions. Te management and coordination processes or budgeting andaccounting were observed to be in place in almost all LGUs. However, these processesneed to be revisited and improved to be able to guarantee an eective allocationand optimum utilization o nancial resources. Reviewing the data capture orm,or instance, revealed that the accounting records were not supported by sourcedocumentation such as cancelled checks, paid bills , payrolls, contracts , sub-contracts,and other nancial documents. Te responsibility o the accountable nancial ofcerswere also not made clear, disbursements were not made only or approved purposes,erring local government personnel regarding nancial transactions are not properlysanctioned, and procedures in the nancial transactions with the LGUs are not madeavailable by any means.

cse See

In terms o customer service, the LGUs have provided the necessary training on the

value o courtesy and prompt servicing. Most o the LGUs have created Provincial andMunicipal Inormation Desks. Flowcharts and organizational charts are also placed inconspicuous areas or inormation on transactions being done at either the provincialor municipal level. Tere are units o LGUs that conduct meetings or orientations orprograms being undertaken by the LGUs. Other tools and equipment are in place tobetter respond to clientele and other customer needs.


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H reses mgee

Nine o the LGUs covered were rated very high in human resource development.

Only one had a poor rating. Tere were enacted measures that helped improvesalaries and wages, along with honoraria or services in concurrent capacity, includingringe benets and better working conditions. In Dipolog City, a human resourcesdevelopment and investment program reorm is ongoing. Still, Human ResourcesManagement (HRM) Department practices have to be improved in the region,specically practicing transparency in recruitment and selection, valuing stability inemployment, recognition o good perormance, and promotion o proessional growth.Te opportunity to be heard through a personnel grievance system is also essential.

newkg d Lkgg

Te presence o LGU partners in various key areas has improved. Te LGUs increasedtax collections were evidence o better development and management o alliances withthe business sector. LGUs also showed an increased capacity to negotiate with privatecompanies. Examples o this are production agreements with industry like contractgrowing and negotiations with local and oreign agencies to acquire heavy equipment.Under the Kennedy Round 2 Project o the National Economic and DevelopmentAuthority (NEDA), the municipality o Ipil is also implementing a rehabilitationproject worth P1.10 million. Te projects main objective is to increase Ipils orestcover by planting 20,000 orest and commercial tree species in the denuded areas othe Dona Josea watershed.

ii. Helh d Sl Sees

Te LGUs income per capita is extremely low, with high poverty incidence; manyamilies live below the poverty threshold. Household access to piped-in water supply(level III) is also very low. Tere is difculty in accessing water, as well as electricity.Te crude death rate among inants is abnormally high because o common illnessesprevalent among children.


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16 HealthServices

Table6:PopulationandHe

althIndicators

Province/City/

Municipality

Population

No.ofGovt

Hospitals

No.ofHealth

C

enters/RHU*

No.ofBarangay

HealthStations*

No.ofGovt

Physicians

RatioofGo

vt

Physicianstopo

pulation

2

006

2008

2006

2008

2006

2008

2006

2008

2006

2008

2006

2008

ZamboangadelSur

556

,744

736,1

35

13

13

26

26

163

163

21

23

1:26,5

11

1:

32,0

05

PagadianCity

163

,157**

170,6

81

2

2

4

4

27

26

6

2

1:27,1

93

1:

85,3

40

Labangan

37

,598**

ND

ND

ND

ND

1

1:37,5

98

Guipos

19

,616**

1

1

ND

ND

-

ZamboangadelNorte

725

,250

752,6

08

8

8

25

26

196

247

22

27

1:32,9

25

1:27,8

74

DipologCity

111

,735

115,9

99

5

5

1

1

26

26

3

3

1:37,2

45

1:38,6

66

Mutia

10

,976

11,4

04

1

1

5

5

-

1

1:11,4

04

Roxas

35

,939**

39,9

96

1

1

ND

ND

1

1

1:35,9

39

SibugayProvince

556

,744

579,4

43

4

4

16

16

110

110

16

16

1:34,7

96

1:36,2

15

Ipil

60

,686**

61,3

45

1

1

ND

ND

2

2

1:30,3

43

1:

30,6

72

Diplahan

23

,909

27,1

54

1

1

ND

ND

1

1:23,9

09

1:

27,1

54

Talusan

22

,875**

3

3

ND

ND

1

1:22,8

75

Sources:2009RSETZamboangaPeninsula

*DOHFacility

Socio-EconomicProfleoMunicipalities

**Year2007D

ata

AnnualReportsandLegislativ

eAgenda

ND=nodata


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Te ratio o government health workers to the population is almost similar throughoutall LGUs in the region, with one doctor per population o over 20,000. Te Departmento Health (DOH) recommends a health worker population ratio o one doctor and one

nurse per 20,000 population, and one midwie per 5,000 population (Magna Carte orHealth Workers). Te limited number o personnel services and health acilities aredue to the restrictions o the Department o Budget and Management (DBM). Notall health acilities have a complete line up o health proessionals while health centerslack medical equipment and resources. Patients with major illness and surgical needsare usually reerred to provincial hospitals.

As noted in the above table, the local health acilities have not increased in number overthe years. Only the barangay acilities have marked dierences in terms o barangayhealth stations established, except in Zamboanga del Norte.

able 7: Number o Health Proessionals by Province/City (2008)

Helth Personnel Norte Sur Sibugy Dipolog Pagadian

Physician 27 23 16 3 6

Nurse 47 50 32 7 5

Midwife 239 159 118 24 30

Dentist 13 8 12 2 2

Nutritionist 0 1 0 0 0

Med Tech 20 22 13 1 30

Sanitary Inspector 35 30 20 5 7

Sanitary Engineer 0 0 0 0 0Active BHWs 2141 2870 1290 87 280

Dental Aide 10 5 5 2 2

Trained Birth Attendants 644 694 526 48 67

Non Technical 22 28 17 0 6

Casual/Contractual 46 0 0 0 0

Source DOH, Region 9 NSCB 2009

All the three provinces are served by very ew physicians and need specialists in thevarious elds o medicine. Te data do not include the private hospitals operatingwithin the region. Still, the demand-gap analysis made by DOH in 2008 revealed thatthe total number o physicians, nurses, dentists, and midwives are the only positionsconsidered adequate based on standards.

Procurement o Important Drugs and Supplies

Most Rural Health and Municipal Health Units have essential medicines and supplieson hand. Commonly used drugs or common ailments, among them paracetamol,amocixillin, oral anti-malarial medicine, zinc supplements, and oral hydration tabletsare normally available but limited; they are not sufcient in volume to be called a


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buer stock in case o disease outbreaks and emergencies. Bulk procurement o drugsthrough pharmaceutical representatives is quite expensive compared to generic drugs.Tis includes supplies in LGU-implementation o DOH programs like the Expanded

Program on Immunization and Micronutrient Supplementation. When LGUs are notable to provide the drugs needed, the patients are let with the option o purchasing theneeded supplies or their own use.

Community Health

A number o successul public-private collaboration in providing health care serviceswere also noted among the 12 LGUs where decentralization played an instrumentalrole to improve the basic health-service delivery. Tese included health servicesextended by oreign medical outreach programs and other socio-civic organizations

being coordinated by the LGUs. Te outstanding support services mentioned byLGUs in terms o health and nutrition were:

Collaborative support o institutions. Humanitarian Emergency Logistics Preparedness(HELP), a non-prot organization, is ocused on meeting the needs o manyvictims o natural and man-made disasters on a global crisis. Randy Robertson,HELP president and ounder, donated US$300,000 to the Ateneo de ZamboangaSchool o Medicine (ADZU-SOM) ater he read an article by an ADZU-SOMMHU doctor in Mutia, Zamboanga del Norte. Te article entitled A Cry or Help,described how a 14-month boy who looked like a 75-year-old had died ater sueringrom malnutrition. It showed how poverty could also be considered a severe and

depressing illness. Te Municipal Health Ofce o Mutia assisted the boy, but couldnot go beyond giving him oral antipyretics and antibiotics and then sending him toa hospital. Te municipal doctors article prompted action rom many individualsaside rom Robertson and organizations like HELP.

Implementation o the 4PS. Te Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) is apoverty reduction and social development strategy o the national government,with the local health unit assisting in its implementation. It has resulted in amarked increase in the utilization o health and nutrition services, in particularmaternal-child care service. But the increased utilization o these services has alsocreated supply-related problems, the rise in pre-natal needs, or example, led to ashortage o pills and revealed a need or more accredited birthing centers.

Paagadian City, meanwhile, also has a und raising program called the Piso-Piso Parasa Malnutrisyon campaign. Initiated and run by the City Nutrition Committee(CNC), it supports the eeding o malnourished children in partnership with theDepartment o Education (DepEd) and the City Social Welare and DevelopmentOfce. Te LGUs contributes health personnel in the eld.


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levels compared to other years. Te three provinces in the region have comparablepopulation except or the two cities, Dipolog and Pagadian. It will require a total o3,204 classrooms to provide a standard classroom ratio o 1:45 or elementary grade

ollowing the increasing trend o enrolment until 2020. Tere are still primary andelementary school with no unctional classrooms. Additional teachers are also neededto accommodate the rst graders and increased enrollment especially in ar-ungbarangays. (LGU, Compiled Reports, 2006-2009)

able 9: Enrollment in Govt. & Private Schools by Elementary & Secondary Levels(SY 2008-2009)

Elementry Government Private Totl

Zambo Norte 114,211 440 144,651

Zambo Sur 122,724 808 123,532

Zambo Sibugay 90,928 892 91,820Dipolog City 17,093 985 18,078

Pagadian 24,285 1,035 25,320

Secondry

Zambo Norte 42,693 3,537 46,230

Zambo Sur 45,605 6,678 52,283

Zambo Sibugay 34,502 4,323 38,825

Dipolog City 9,813 1,826 11,639

Pagadian 14,251 2,751 2,751

Region 9

Elementary 542,527 12,175 554,702Secondary 203,928 28,207 232,135

Source: 2009 RSE IX (DepEd Report 2009, Region 9)

Other local resources or education like the Special Education Fund (SEF) o theProvincial government and municipalities support programs like Education Qualityand Access or Learning and Livelihood Skills (EQUALLS), Assistance or theComprehensive Educational Development o Mindanao (ASCEND), Arabic Languageand Islamic Values Education (ALIVE), Project eam Mindanao (KnowledgeChannel), National Prociency Program (NEPP), and the Child-Friendly SchoolSystem (CFSS).


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able 10: Perormance Indicators in Govt Elementary & Secondary Schools byProvince/City (SY 2008-2009)

Elementry Region 9

Zambo

Norte

Zambo

Sur

Zambo

Sibugy Dipolog Pagadian

Enrollment Rate 95.78 111.21 84.60 87.42 87.17 81.83

Retention Rate 90.88 92.42 88.29 92.30 94.62 92.81

Survival Rate 60.88 68.73 54.06 66.02 67.87 66.35

Completion Rate 59.84 66.99 53.83 64.82 67.98 66.35

Drop-Out Rate 0.40 0.27 0.83 0.36 0.07 0.18

Transition Rate 97.16 99.94 94.93 97.44 98.12 96.96

Graduation Rate 98.18 97.16 99.20 97.70 99.56 99.83

Secondry

Enrollment Rate 61.37 56.32 54.17 57.16 85.62 82.75

Retention Rate 87.32 85.81 88.13 87.80 88.58 92.71

Survival Rate 59.83 57.95 62.67 57.43 62.15 76.13

Completion Rate 53.66 55.40 60.61 55.53 54.75 72.92

Drop-Out Rate 4.12 4.52 2.99 2.92 7.16 3.25

Transition Rate 91.67 85.24 81.45 89.42 113.76 114.85

Graduation Rate 88.67 94.36 96.09 94.90 86.30 95.41

Source: 2009 RSE IX (DepEd Report 2009, Region 9)

More than 30 percent o the elementary pupils drop out rom school because opoverty. Parents either make schooling or their children less o a priority or make the

children help in earning a living to augment the amilys income. Te LGUs need toincrease their education budget to improve the quality o education. Currently LGUssupport or education ranges rom one percent to two percent o their total budget.

Pre-school education in most LGUs is now more widespread, with private andgovernment day care centers spread even in remote barangays. Municipal SocialWelare and Development Ofces (MSWDOs) are also operating and supportingday care programs, adopting Early Child Care and Development (ECCD). OtherLGU initiatives include providing supplies and materials, supplemental eeding omalnourished children, and other support programs. Te Provincial Council or theWelare o the Children also established a KAABAG Center or Women and Home

or the Children. In addition, it created the committee to address cases among womenand children in need o protection and rehabilitation.


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Gede d We Pgs

Pro-Poor and Women Representation in Local Councils. Livelihood and skills training were

cited by six LGUs as assistance to shermen, youth, women, and the elderly. LGUs putup local improvement clubs or housewives engaged in livelihood projects to augmentamily income. Tis is where most o the ve percent Gender and Development (GAD)budget is being used. Dipolog City was cited by the International Alliance or Women World o Dierence as one o the cities worldwide where women can get ahead in ahighly competitive and macho economy. In Dipolog City, 13 departments in the citygovernment are headed by women, including the Ofce o the City Engineer, which istraditionally occupied by men. Its mayor is a woman and there are our emale barangaycaptains. 23 women in all were elected into the 21 barangay councils.

Hsg d Bs ules

Majority o the people among the provincial and municipal LGUs reside in the poblacionand urban areas. Tere are huge areas, mainly the urban sites and growth centers,which suer congestion problems. Te three provinces and two cities in particularare also conronted with public land squatting as a result o higher population growth.Te cities and municipalities are simply unable to absorb the increased number o localin-migrants. RA 7279 otherwise known as Urban Development and Housing Act isimplemented by private developers as requirement or the development o housingprojects that could help not only in-migrants, but also those who cannot aord tobuild houses at a lower cost.

In low-income LGUs, the types o existing houses are mostly a mixture o temporarystructures made up o bamboo, sawali, cogon, nipa, and wood. Data gathered during theFGD showed that the share o expenditures in housing and community development tototal budget does not even reach one percent. In two provinces, it is even zero. LGUsneed to prioritize local resources to address this situation and identiy sufcient land orhousing purposes or all income groups. Tey should also consider socialized housingand resettlement areas based on the aordability level o target beneciaries.

Pee d Se

LGUs coordinate with the police to improve the peace and order conditions o theregion by ensuring security measures like police visibility in busy areas to ward olawless elements. Ipil put up a CCV system to monitor peace and saety in its businessdistrict. LGUs have also intensied campaigns against drugs, prosecuting drug lordswhile rehabilitating users. Counter insurgency measures were also conducted by thePhilippine Army, which established several stations o inantry divisions.


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Dsse Pepedess

Te Disaster Coordinating Councils o LGUs are organized. A ew are unctional and

are working to ensure security in their respective areas o jurisdiction, but some are notunctional. Problems on disaster in the three provinces are in lowland areas, which stilllack comprehensive ood control and drainage systems. Even with short durations orainall, Dipolog City and other municipalities o Zamboanga del Norte experienceashoods, disrupting the movement o people and economic activities in the area.

iii. E Deelpe

Most LGUs in the region are engaged in agriculture, arming, and shing. One exampleo LGU initiative on local economic development is the Zamboanga del Nortes

GAWAD SAKA winners, including outstanding armers in the rice, corn, sh culture,and young armers categories. Te Integrated Crops Development Assistance programhas also supported the establishment o quality agricultural extension and on-site researchservices and acilities. Other LGU initiatives being sustained are the establishment odemonstration arms planted to high-value commercial crops, as well as o nurseries orseedling production o ruits, orest, and rubber trees or distribution to armers and otherinstitutions, among them Gulayan sa Paaralan. Overall, vegetable and ruit arming andbackyard livestock production are the most pronounced engagements o the armers,resulting in an abundance o palay, corn, and coconut production.

However, problems remain in entrepreneurship, business, and industry promotion.

Te absence o Enterprise, Business and Promotion Councils (EBPC) and a LocalInvestment and Incentive Code has hampered economic development in their areas.

LGUs said that much more income can be generated by agriculture, shing, mining,industrial, and commercial services, even as these continued to be the major sourceso economic activity and livelihood in the region. ourism also has a high potentialor generating more revenues or the region, with attractions ranging rom spectacularbeaches to historical sites and museums.

Overall, the quality o perormance in terms o economic development was relevantbut not excellent among the LGUs in Region 9. Among areas or improvement are:

Inrastructure support, e.g. communal irrigation system, arm-to market roads,post-harvest acilities, credit acilitation services to armers. Te LGUs have toextend adequate production support such as planting materials, ertilizers, andlaboratory services, and to more arming household-beneciaries.


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Advocacy or Enabling Economic Enhancing Environment. Tere is a need toimprove the quality o permitting or licensing to ensure the ease o doingbusiness. Te LGUs have to speed up the process o issuing building,

occupancy, and business permits and establish an administrative support bodyto take the lead in marketing the LGUs investment potentials. Provisiono support services in the orm o tax incentives, product labeling, productpackaging, training, job airs, and trade airs is also needed. It is high timethat civil society organizations link with government and NGOs in creatingeconomic opportunity.

Support to agricultural sectors and shery services. Te wish list includesinrastructure support (e.g. communal irrigation system, arm-to-marketroads, post-harvest acilities), improved credit acilitation services to armers,production support (e.g. planting materials, ertilizers), laboratory services

such as soil testing, assistance to research and development (e.g. techno-democooperators and research institutes), and improved market developmentservices ( e.g. trade airs, exhibits, missions and congresses). For shery servicesthere is a need to mobilize the Fisheries and Resource Aquatic Council tohelp protect and manage municipal waters and perorm its mandated tasks,among them the improvement o inrastructure support or the shery sectorlike mariculture parks, sh ports, seaweeds village ecozones, and sea cages, aswell as the extension o credit acilitation services to sherolk.

mj agle E aes

Te LGUs desire to increase agricultural production has intensied the productiono livestock, poultry, and swine. Other programs included expansion o beneciariesor crop production, especially or coconut and banana. In line with the nationwideimplementation o the Participatory Coconut Planting Project (PCPP) o theDepartment o Agriculture (DA) and the Philippine Coconut Authority, LGUs havealso played a role in encouraging armers to improve the planting o coconuts. TeIntegrated Farming Systems that integrated coconut with lanzones, durian, rambutan,ginger, owers, coee and kangkonghas also been introduced. In Zamboanga Sibugayand Zamboanga del Norte local entrepreneurs are improving and promoting coco-based products. A most promising income-earner among high-value crops is rubber,which is the ocus o many activities in Zamboanga del Norte and Sibugay.

Fishery and Aquatic Resources. Fishponds, agar-agar production, and contract poultry-growing projects are prevalent economic activities. Te major shing grounds arein IIlana, Dumaguilas, and Panguil Bays. In order to curb the gradual destructionexperienced in most areas, eective resource management strategies and measures,along with plans and coordination mechanisms, have been initiated and established byLGUs. Tere has been a successul implementation o Coastal Resource Management


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(CRM) programs that incorporate proper CRM management practices with goodenvironmental governance principles. A planned and established marine sanctuaryemphasizing local leaders strong political will contributed to the success o the CRM

in Labangan, a Muslim-dominated community. Other programs include a CRMprogram that aims to establish sh sanctuaries in ve coastal municipalities to preventdepletion o marine resources and total extinction o rare species

Ofshore Fishing. Te commercial shers in the provinces o Zamboanga del Sur andZamboanga del Norte are operating in neighboring coastal waters due to decreasingmarine resources o both provinces. LGU eorts and initiatives like the creation ostructures and sub structures like the Fishery Law Enorcement eam (FLE) and IlanaBay Regional Alliance (BRA IX), along with collaboration with multi-sectoral groupsin the protection, conservation, rehabilitation and management o the coastal resources

resulted in the gradual increase in municipal and commercial shing production.

Mining. Based on the CY 2007 to 2009 report by Zamboanga Sibugay, there are stillsmall-scale mining operations ound in Diplahan, Zamboanga Sibugay. Te Minesand Geosciences Bureau (MGB) reported several tenement holders in ZamboangaSibugay and Zamboanga del Sur with Area Mineral Production Sharing Agreement(AMPSA) beyond 2007 that have already suspended operations. From 2007 to 2008,in act, only nine were let. Mining activities had increased tax and ee revenues. Buti small-scale mining operations continue to be suspended, there would obviously beless revenues or the LGUs.

Te ourism Potential. Te three provinces are endowed with vast natural attractionssuch as beaches, caves, wateralls, and springs. Some o these attractions are developedas economic enterprises by the LGUs or some private entities. Many o these remainuntapped due to inaccessibility and unding constraints. In act, only ve o the 12LGUs have well developed natural attractions and rich historical sites.

Te provinces also have estivals like the Kasadya and Hudyaka that can attract tourists.Provincial governments have assisted other municipalities in the development o tourismsites like the construction o municipal rotundas, installation o millennium lights,development o the Pinahon Island, the Gloria de Dapitan, and others. Ecotourism,however, ranks least among the LGUs economic enterprise priorities.

Employment and Services. Job ora were organized by the LGUs in partnership with otherinstitutions such as echnical Education and Skills Development Authority (ESDA)and the Department o rade and Industry (DI), NGOs, and private sector. Teyalso held livelihood seminars or the unemployed. Te most prominent investors in the12 LGUs are in the technology communication systems like Internet providers.


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Presence o Local Public Enterprises with NGOs and Private Sector. o some degree, onlythe provinces and cities that have higher and improved nancial status and operations areable to source external unds rom local public enterprises in collaboration with NGOs,

private investors, and other groups. Te private sector has been an eective partner oLGUs in their community development, and has demonstrated good management oincome-generating projects especially in Pagadian, Dipolog, Ipil, and Roxas.

Presence o Banks, Basic Inrastructure and Facilities in Business and Industry Zones.Te presence o banks within the LGUs has contributed a lot in terms o economicimprovement. Most o the local banks situated in the LGUs oer relevant nancialservices to the local population such as agricultural grants and commercial and micronance loans. Te LGUs role is to acilitate the implementation o the dierent plansenvisioned to help the economic development o the provinces, municipalities, and

cities, with the bank supporting these in terms o loans. But the very low borrowingso all the LGUs except or Mutia attest to the act that LGUs still have a conservativenancial behavior.

iv. Eel mgee

Sld Wse mgee (SWm)

LGUs have agreed on the need to strengthen and improve the quality o the SWMBoard, ensuring that every barangay has a material recovery acility that would alsoentail the use o an Open Dumpsite Facility and then a Sanitary Landll as the nal

disposal acility. A classic example o such an endeavor is the Zamboanga del SurWomen Zero Waste Recycling Movement Multi-Purpose Cooperative, which hascreated widespread awareness on recycling practices and volume reduction measureseven to other LGUs, even as it created considerable livelihood opportunities or urbanpoor women. Using waste materials, the women produce a variety o crats that theyhave been able to sell to both local and oreign buyers.

eshwe Pe d mgee

LGUs have to consider long-term planning on reshwater protection, management,and rehabilitation to ensure the attainment o targets involving CSOs and citizensinvolvement. Te decline in sh catch in the past ve years is an example o the eects oovershing and other threats to the reshwater environment. Fortunately, at the provinciallevel, there has been continued support or the rehabilitation o ecosystems as well as orenvironment-based livelihood. Tis has been done through the operationalization othe Project Management Ofces (PMOs) or the Salug Valley Management Council(upland and lowland-based), Illana Regional Alliance (IBRA) 9 (coastal-based), andSibugay Valley Development Council. Tis action has improved the management andprotection o the Salug and Sibugay Valley areas, along with Illana Bay.


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E aes s. es reses

Denudation o orests has been rampant in Region 9. Tere is still large-scale illegal

logging throughout the region, putting orest resources and wildlie at risk.

Te rape and plunder o the orestland and its resources by unscrupulous people hasled to the decline o the regions logging industry, in turn resulting in the displacemento thousands o its workers.

Te scarcity o lands to till in the lowlands because o the increase in populationhas aggravated the situation. Human settlers have been illegally taking over parts oorestland in the area and indications are that remaining reserves exist only on paper.Still, there have been attempts by the LGUs to maintain and increase orest cover

through the implementation o various projects and programs, including vigorousreorestation eorts like the community Based Forest Management (CBFM), IntegratedSocial Forestry (ISF), Socialize Integrated Forest Management Agreement (SIFMA),imber-Forest License Agreement (FLA) and Private ree Plantation projects.

Segheed Legl d regl ewks

Te presence o the Provincial and Fishery Council (PAFC/FARMC) and the Smalland Medium Enterprise Development Council in three LGUs o Zamboanga delNorte have helped to monitor programs and projects to mainstream governance andrestoration o aquatic and marine resources. Te Illana Bay Regional Alliance (IBRA

9) has sustained the activities o the Fisheries Law Enorcement eam (FLE) to ghtsea piracy and other illegal activities.

Egg Ll Peple Bld newks d alles

Many local olk have been inspired by the success o teamwork among LGUs such asthe Illana Bay Regional Alliance and projects that needed joint eorts, like the Supportto Marine Lie Sanctuary o the province that saw the establishment and installation oarticial rees. Other examples are the development o a mini-reshwater sh project likeor commercial or domestic consumption and the intensive campaign or the protectionand conservation o marine resources conducted by local shery councils. Tanks to theprovision o technical assistance by LGUs, coastal communities are now able to protectlocal natural resources while at the same time deriving nancial benets rom these.


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concLuSion

1. Te scope o decentralization in our aspects (administration and governance,

health and service delivery, economic development, and environmentalmanagement) has provided opportunities or plurality o actors and increasedaccountability o local authorities. However, there is no systematic orcomparative evidence on whether increased participation in decentralized localgovernance generated better outputs in terms o improvements in Region 9.

2. Tere were positive eorts to build the proessional and technical skills o localgovernment employees and to improve internal organization and managementstyles o local administration through the local government leagues. But thetechnical capabilities o most low-income class LGUs remain inadequate,

especially when it comes to crating local legislation; most local Sanggunianpersonnel still do not have the knowledge and competency in a legislativetracking system.

3. Te local governments assumed responsibility or the provision o servicesin education, health, water, sanitation, roads, social welare, and agriculturalextension. Most local authorities in rural areas oten perorm a range ounctions directed at agriculture and rural development, environmentalmanagement, and disaster prevention and rehabilitation. Te institutionalizedparticipation o consultative bodies or citizen oversight over particular serviceslike health councils and school boards has improved the LGUs service delivery

specically in these areas.

4. FGD respondents revealed evidence o a positive relationship between thestrength o community participation and government perormance. LGUswith progressive leadership play central roles in the provision o education,water, and road inrastructure. An overwhelming majority reported greatertrust in local than national government and a larger number o individualspreer the municipal government to be in charge o the overall service provisionsince decentralization took eect.

5. Te presence o unding agencies like Eco-Gov and Growth with Equity inMindanao (GEM) is seen as the driving orce or local development. Te localbodies receive grants-in-aid rom oreign unders as well as the central governmentagencies that are tied up with anti-poverty and social welare programs. Outputsare closely related to availability o nancial resources and LGU capacity.


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6. Political leadership played an important role in shaping outcomes. Someelected ofcials, however, point out that they have limited inuence oversome personnel matters, such as deployment o teaching personnel rom other

municipalities or the elementary and secondary schools unded through thelocal school board. Even the assignment o Municipal Health and ProvincialHealth doctors are largely determined by the current political leaders.

7. Most local governments do not respond with equal vigor to opportunities,specically when leaders have authority to block change mandated by higherpolitical authorities. Te recent elections opened challenges to responsible andinnovative leadership as a driving orce or progressive leadership.

rEcommEnDationS

1. mgee d d pesses bdgeg d gwere observed to be in place in almost all LGUs. However, these processesneed to be revisited and improved to be able to guarantee eective allocationand optimal use o nancial resources. Te HRMD must also be strengthened,with urgent action needed on (a) improving transparency in personnelrecruitment and selection processes, (b) promoting stability or permanency inemployment, (c) recognizing good perormance, (d) promoting proessionalgrowth, and (e) installing a personnel grievance system.

2. ese ll d l, improvements in the areas o (a)

organizational perormance, (b) consultation process, and (c) management oa planning database are needed. Tese areas are instrumental in quality landuse and development planning.

In development planning, existing measures in support o revenue generationneed to be enhanced at the LGU level. Tis is an initial yet essential stepin maximizing revenue generation potentials. Te HRMD practices have tobe improved, specically in the practice o transparency in recruitment andselection, valuing stability in employment, recognition o good perormance,and promotion o proessional growth. Te ease o being heard through apersonnel grievance system is also essential. Further improvements areneeded on (a) organizational perormance, (b) consultation process, and (c)management o a planning database.


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3. he l ppl sse, the major challenge is the lack o localcapacity or data production and collection. LGUs need to transorm theseinto a seamless transactional process to ensure the ease o obtaining civil registry

and real property documents. In terms o customer service, the LGUs haveprovided the necessary training on the value o courtesy and prompt servicing.ools and equipment are also in place to better respond to clientele and othercustomer needs.

4. Te pees ql legsl had almost all the LGUs agreeingon the need or a legislative sta with greater competence and knowledge onlegislative tools such agenda development, legislative tracking, a backstoppingcommittee, and legislative perormance.

5. Te lee ll skehldes g he efe se pbl eses where local governments have a air degree o autonomyhas been stressed as important, especially in having citizen oversights in theactual service delivery. ransparent monitoring will help improve efcientallocation o resources, increase transparency in the use o public unds, andcreate accountability among dierent levels o government, as well as amonglocal citizens.


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BEST PRaCTICEDiplahan, Zamboanga Sibugay

Center for abused Women nd Children:a Multi Stkeholder approch to Gender Concerns

Rtionle of the project: The Center of Concern for Abused Women

and Children in Diplahan, Zamboanga Sibugay shows the success of a

multistakeholder approach in addressing gender concerns at the local level.

Diplahan, an agricultural community, had been confronted with a rising number

of abused women and children. Although the municipal data put the number of

abuse victims at a low two percent of the total population of 35,665, concerned

agencies believed the actual number could be higher, as many such cases

usually go reported. The few women who brought their complains of abuse to

the Municipal Social Welfare and Development Ofce (MSWDO) often could not

be properly helped, as the municipality had no temporary shelter or any other

services to offer. The nearest temporary shelter and center for abused women

was the Pagadian Lingap Center in Pagadian, some 72 kilometers away.

How the project worked nd its ctors: The center managed by the

MSWDO with funding support from the municipal and provincial government of

Zamboanga Sibugay is the only one of its kind in the province of Zamboanga del

Sur. Formed through the collaborative efforts of the municipal, provincial, and

barangay LGUs, along with one womens organization and two religious groups,

it also won the support of the congressional representative, national agencies,

neighboring municipalities, and communities in Diplahan.

In 2000, the Zamboanga Peninsula Womens Solidarity Foundation of Ipil

Prelature-3rd District of Zamboanga del Sur (ZPWSFI) joined the Maryknoll

Fathers (MF) of Malangas in pushing for the construction of a shelter for abused

women and children. They brought the idea to the Diplahan LGU, which

readily committed its support to the project. This became the multistakeholder

partnership that in turn gave birth to a fully functioning Center, with its own

organization and communitylevel structures, annual budget for operations, an

operations manual, and facilities and equipment, including an ambulance and a

water system.

Barriers: The centers success in helping abused women attracted other similar

victims even from other LGUs and made its services more sought after. Thishas led to a requirement for increased funding, especially for operations and

community activities. The center is also facing constraints on the timeliness of

other institutional support, such as in-kind donations, including clothing and food,

putting pressure on its ability to provide for the basic needs of its children-clients.

There is also the lack of trained personnel to handle counseling duties.

Funding: The Diplahan LGU readily gave its support to the project, effectively

setting into a motion a multistakeholder strategy for addressing violence against

women and children (VAWC). The LGU committed to allocate an annual budget


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for the centers staff salaries. The barangay council of Poblacion also worked

for the donation of a 1,652 sq .m. lot to serve as the centers site. ZPWZFI and

the Maryknoll fathers solicited and pooled funds for the centers construction.

Both organizations also donated P75,000 and P100,000 respectively, for theconstruction.

Enbling fctors: The projects successful partnership has helped it respond

to the growing cases of child and women abuse by providing temporary shelter,

protection, and rehabilitation services to victims. Its programs include the

provision of temporary shelter, protection, and rehabilitation for women and

children victims, livelihood and education services, and raising awareness on

gender sensitivity, and capacities of women (DILG Report, 2005).

BEST PRaCTICERoxas, Zamboanga del Norte

In LGU-Managed Tertiary Port:

a Successful Public Enterprise in President Mnuel Roxs

Rtionle of the project: In January 2002, in line with the national governments

policy of devolving tertiary ports to LGUs whenever possible, the LGU of

President Manuel Roxas acquired the management of the tertiary Roxas port.

Today the once-ill-equipped three-vessel-capacity port has become a bustling,

prot-making enterprise that had even posted a 41.1 percent increase in

revenues over a period of two years.

How the progrm worked nd its ctors: In 2000, after learning of the new

national policy to develop port management by capable LGUs, President Roxass

mayor took the lead in lobbying for a Sangguniang Bayan (SB) or local legislative

council resolution advocating for the ports turnover to the LGU. The resolution

was presented to the Philippine Ports Authority (PPA) general manager and

Board of Directors.

The LGU lobbied hard for two years with the PPA, the Department of

Transportation and Communications (DOTC), and other national agencies, to

have the ports management turned over to it. In 2002, the LGU got its wish,

but its takeover of the tertiary port was only the rst step. President Roxas hassince proved it is up to the challenge of managing its own port. In 2004, the

port posted net revenues of P2,224,184 from P358,350 in 2002, or an increase

of 41.1 percent. The port revenues come from usage fees and wharfage. 10

percent also come from arrastre and stevedoring services. Port services have

improved with the setting up of new facilities, including a new ofce building with

ticketing booths, arrastre accessories, public restrooms, and parking areas.

Barriers: FGDs revealed that there is still a need to conduct more training,

particularly on implementing the PPA-approved port development plan to


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ensure the projects sustainability. FGD participants also cited issues regarding

transparency in terms of effective port revenue collection, recording and

management, as well as managing port operations. The latter especially calls

for knowledge and skills on a vessels mooring and unmooring, along with thoseon cargo loading and unloading, land transport vehicles, and waste management

and silted water dredging.

Enbling fctors: The additional revenues have enabled the LGU to fund further

port improvement. With more ships and companies using the port, the enterprise

has also created employment opportunities. More people gained jobs and

received additional income as port workers and operators of related services and

business enterprises (DILG, Report 2005).

rEErEncES

2009 Regional Social and Economic rends, Zamboanga Peninsula.

Annual Reports/Accomplishment Reports: Municipality o Labangan, Province oZamboanga Del Sur, Calendar Year (CY) 2005-2010; Pagadian City, Provinceo Zamboanga Del Sur, 2006 and 2007; Municipality o Diplahan, Provinceo Zamboanga Sibugay, CY 2004-2006; Municipality o President Manuel A.Roxas, Province o Zamboanga del Norte, CY 2004-2008.

Budget, CY 2008. Municipality o Guipos, Province o Zamboanga Del Sur.

Citizens Charters: Municipality o Diplahan, Province o Zamboanga Sibugay, CY2009; Municipality o Guipos, Province o Zamboanga Del Sur, CY 2009;Municipality o Ipil, Zambonga Sibugay, CY 2006; Municipality o Labangan,Province o Zamboanga Del Sur, CY 2006; Pagadian City, Province oZamboanga Del Sur, CY 2006.

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 2008, Municipality o Pres. Manuel A.Roxas, Province o Zamboanga del Norte.

CLUP Planning Period 2006-2016, Municipality o Ipil, Province o ZamboangaSibugay.

Decentralization in Client Countries. 2008. An evaluation o World Bank Support,1990-2007. IEG World Bank Independent Evaluation Group. http://www.worldbank.org/ieg

DENR Prole, CY 2008. PENRO Zamboanga Del Sur.


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DENR Strategic Implementation Plan or Forestry Development, CY 2008.Pagadian City, Province o Zamboanga Del Sur.

Development and Investment Plan or Children 2008-2012, Municipality o Pres.Manuel A. Roxas, Province o Zamboanga del Norte.

Disaster/Solid Waste Management, CY 2007. Pagadian City, Province oZamboanga Del Sur.

Ecological Solid Waste Management Accomplishment Report, CY 2009.Zamboanga del Sur.

Ecotourism Accomplishment Report, CY 2009. Zamboanga Del Sur.

EDF Plan Calendar Year 2008. Municipality o Labangan, Province ZamboangaDel Sur.

Environmental Code 2002. Province o Zamboanga Del Sur.

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Fisheries Prole. Municipality o Labangan, Province o Zamboanga Del Sur.

GAD CY 2004. Municipality o Guipos, Province o Zamboanga Del Sur.

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Income and Expenditures, CY 2004-2009. Municipality o Diplahan, Province oZamboanga Sibugay.

Income and Expenditures, CY 2005-2009. Municipality o Labangan, ProvinceZamboanga Del Sur.

Income and Expenditures, CY 2008. Dipolog City, Province o Zamboanga DelNorte.


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Provincial, Municipal and Barangay CBMS Results August 2009. Department oInterior and Local Government.

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About the Writer

Dr. Chona Sarmiento is the Dean o Research Development andEvaluation Center o the Western Mindanao State University. She

holds a doctoral degree on Science Education major in Biology andserved as Science Specialist at SEAMEO RECSAM Research andDevelopment Division Southeast Asian Ministers o Education

Organization in Penang, Malaysia. She was also University Lecturerat School o Educational Studies, University Sains Malaysia, Penang

Malaysia. Among Dr. Sarmientos latest publications include aregional study on Smoking in Girls and Young Women, and LGUE-Governance Readiness Survey, both undertaken or the Research

Development and Evaluation Center o the Western MindanaoState University.


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11 zamboanga peninsula

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