11 may, 2002 mikrotik wireless isp infrastructure mikrotik director - john tully cto – arnis...

11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTikMikroTik

Wireless ISP Wireless ISP InfrastructureInfrastructure

MikroTikMikroTik

Director - John TullyDirector - John Tully

CTO – Arnis RiekstinsCTO – Arnis Riekstins


AP PlatformAP Platform

multiple radios per APmultiple radios per AP Increase aggregate bandwidth using non-Increase aggregate bandwidth using non-

overlapping frequenciesoverlapping frequencies Re-use of network configurations such as Re-use of network configurations such as

firewalls and usersfirewalls and users Network services closest to the user Network services closest to the user

(PPPoE, DHCP, and PPTP)(PPPoE, DHCP, and PPTP)


From AP directly to clientFrom AP directly to client(no router on client site) (no router on client site)

AP MAC registration tableAP MAC registration table Assign IP to MAC with ARP disabledAssign IP to MAC with ARP disabled Restricted MAC level forwarding on Restricted MAC level forwarding on

wireless networkwireless network


(cont) AP direct to client(cont) AP direct to client

PPPoE access concentratorPPPoE access concentrator OverviewOverview AC configuration demonstrationAC configuration demonstration Window XP client configuration demonstrationWindow XP client configuration demonstration Encryption – MPPE protocol, advantages in Encryption – MPPE protocol, advantages in

wirelesswireless Radius authenticationRadius authentication

no engineer needed for account changesno engineer needed for account changes automatic billing with legacy systemsautomatic billing with legacy systems



Bandwidth settingBandwidth setting Tx and rx settings allow you to simulate DSL offersTx and rx settings allow you to simulate DSL offers

Address assignmentAddress assignment



PPTPPPTP DHCP assigns private IP addressDHCP assigns private IP address PPTP on WindowsPPTP on Windows

PPTP clients available back to Windows 3.11PPTP clients available back to Windows 3.11 Radius authenticationRadius authentication Scripting to set bandwidth (in v2.6)Scripting to set bandwidth (in v2.6)

Demonstration of setup, server and clientDemonstration of setup, server and client


From Wireless Client Router to From Wireless Client Router to Client LANClient LAN

General description of client site routerGeneral description of client site router Protects wireless network from hacking by Protects wireless network from hacking by

customerscustomers Offer services to customersOffer services to customers

Masqueraded addressMasqueraded address Static NAT for serversStatic NAT for servers


From Wireless Client Router to From Wireless Client Router to Client LAN (cont)Client LAN (cont)

Multiple client connected to same routerMultiple client connected to same router Per interface firewallPer interface firewall Multiple ethernet interfaces in client site routerMultiple ethernet interfaces in client site router Using a smart switch with router and VLAN Using a smart switch with router and VLAN

tags on a port basis (v2.6)tags on a port basis (v2.6) Using an ethernet bridge and PPPoE or PPTPUsing an ethernet bridge and PPPoE or PPTP



MikroTik Packet Packer Protocol (M3P)MikroTik Packet Packer Protocol (M3P) Wireless has high per packet overheadWireless has high per packet overhead

Negotiating access to wireless mediumNegotiating access to wireless medium Acknowledgment and error correctionAcknowledgment and error correction

M3P packs small packets into a large wireless M3P packs small packets into a large wireless MAC packet and increase throughput up to MAC packet and increase throughput up to four times (with 100 byte packets)four times (with 100 byte packets)

Automatically discovers other MikroTik routers Automatically discovers other MikroTik routers with this feature enabledwith this feature enabled



Services to customers beyond an IP Services to customers beyond an IP gatewaygateway DHCPDHCP Special firewall configurationsSpecial firewall configurations Per IP address accounting (even on Per IP address accounting (even on

masqueraded addresses)masqueraded addresses) Dedicated VPN tunnel between other officesDedicated VPN tunnel between other offices LAN bridge between other officesLAN bridge between other offices


From AP to the backboneFrom AP to the backbone

Backup Links / FailoverBackup Links / Failover OSPFOSPF Tunnels over non-OSPF networks to OSPF Tunnels over non-OSPF networks to OSPF

backbone networksbackbone networks

Increasing throughputIncreasing throughput Aggregation of Interfaces multi-path routingAggregation of Interfaces multi-path routing PPTP tunnel compressionPPTP tunnel compression


From AP to the backbone (cont)From AP to the backbone (cont)

Types of backbone connectionsTypes of backbone connections additional point to point wireless 2.4GHz interfaces additional point to point wireless 2.4GHz interfaces

using non-overlapping frequency or 5.8GHzusing non-overlapping frequency or 5.8GHz licensed frequency microwave systemslicensed frequency microwave systems DSL connection from TelcoDSL connection from Telco Lease line from Telco using v.35 HDLC or E1/T1 Lease line from Telco using v.35 HDLC or E1/T1

interface in APinterface in AP Use of HomePNA 14Mb/s interface up to 1.3km with Use of HomePNA 14Mb/s interface up to 1.3km with

one twisted pairone twisted pair Use of SDSL up to 2.3Mb/s and 5km (speed Use of SDSL up to 2.3Mb/s and 5km (speed

decreases with distance)decreases with distance)


Bandwith shapingBandwith shaping

problems when there is no shapingproblems when there is no shaping users get high speed local services on a users get high speed local services on a

"luck" basis"luck" basis high paying users may get low quality service high paying users may get low quality service

when bandwidth is not managedwhen bandwidth is not managed backbones to wireless may get overloadedbackbones to wireless may get overloaded

basic description of queues and functionbasic description of queues and function where to put queueswhere to put queues


Bandwith shaping (cont)Bandwith shaping (cont)

simple queue and complex queue simple queue and complex queue configurationconfiguration boss at client site wants better quality for boss at client site wants better quality for

himselfhimself webserver and mail server may be specifically webserver and mail server may be specifically

shaped based on usageshaped based on usage varied IP subnets may be put into one group varied IP subnets may be put into one group

with a certain allocationwith a certain allocation



scripting may be used to change the scripting may be used to change the bandwidth speed settings bandwidth speed settings

for a day speed and night speedfor a day speed and night speed tunnels linking enterprise networks may be tunnels linking enterprise networks may be

shaped and charged according to speedshaped and charged according to speed for example, a VPN tunnel with ethernet for example, a VPN tunnel with ethernet

bridging between a company warehouse bridging between a company warehouse LAN and main office LANLAN and main office LAN



DEMO CONFIGURATION AREA ON DEMO CONFIGURATION AREA ON ROUTER FOR SHAPINGROUTER FOR SHAPING


Interference and Interference and antenna co-locationantenna co-location

2.4GHz frequencies (three non-overlapping)2.4GHz frequencies (three non-overlapping) omni versus sectoralomni versus sectoral building top antenna co-locationbuilding top antenna co-location

plan with barriers between antenna that have an plan with barriers between antenna that have an overlapping frequencyoverlapping frequency

example, concrete structure such as elevator gear example, concrete structure such as elevator gear box housesbox houses

mount on sides of building one floor or more below mount on sides of building one floor or more below roof top so that there is concrete separating the roof top so that there is concrete separating the antennasantennas


Interference and Interference and antenna co-location (cont)antenna co-location (cont)

2.4GHz frequencies (three non-2.4GHz frequencies (three non-overlapping)overlapping)

omni versus sectoralomni versus sectoral Reflections (plus and minus)Reflections (plus and minus)

Signal may be reflected off another object to Signal may be reflected off another object to make a connection when there is no line of make a connection when there is no line of sightsight

Reflections may cause a direct signal to be Reflections may cause a direct signal to be cancelledcancelled



Interference may be mistaken for cabling Interference may be mistaken for cabling problemsproblems Cable is too long (10m or less is suggested Cable is too long (10m or less is suggested

for client site – though locations close (less for client site – though locations close (less than 2km) to the AP may have very long cablethan 2km) to the AP may have very long cable

Water may have gotten into the strands of the Water may have gotten into the strands of the cable (cable must be replaced)cable (cable must be replaced)



Grounding may be incorrect (if you see Grounding may be incorrect (if you see small sparks when connecting cables)small sparks when connecting cables)

Radio cable may be located to some high Radio cable may be located to some high voltage lines that can cause interferencevoltage lines that can cause interference



change polarity of overlapping frequency change polarity of overlapping frequency antennas for a 20dB dropantennas for a 20dB drop

bandwidth test when installing antennasbandwidth test when installing antennas small movements of the mount location may small movements of the mount location may

make giant differencesmake giant differences

using antenna diversityusing antenna diversity radio power and amplifiersradio power and amplifiers


Sample system designSample system design

Situation proposed by audienceSituation proposed by audience

11 may, 2002 mikrotik wireless isp infrastructure mikrotik director - john tully cto – arnis...

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