10 th edition, © 2011, cengage learning chapter 12 prepositions
TRANSCRIPT
10th Edition, © 2011, Cengage Learning
Chapter 12
Prepositions
Commonly Used Commonly Used PrepositionsPrepositions
Chapter 12, Guffey-Seefer, Business English, 10e, Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning, All Rights Reserved 12-2
about
after
along with
at
between
but
by
except
for
whom
in
into
of
on
to
Chapter 12, Guffey-Seefer, Business English, 10e, Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning, All Rights Reserved 12-3
Use objective-case pronouns as Use objective-case pronouns as objects of prepositions.objects of prepositions.
• Everyone except Leslie and her
arrived early.
• Just between you and me, sales are
declining.
They should have (not of) walked to the restaurant
We could have (not of) received free tickets.
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Do not substitute the preposition of for the verb have.
Typical Problems Typical Problems With PrepositionsWith Prepositions
Christine borrowed the pen from (not off of) Brandon.
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Do not replace the preposition from with the words off or off of.
Typical Problems Typical Problems With PrepositionsWith Prepositions
Give the cash receipts to the courier.Sales reps received laptops and cell
phones too.The car was too small to carry the
equipment.
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Do not use the word to in place of the adverb too, which means “additionally” or “excessively.”
Typical Problems Typical Problems With PrepositionsWith Prepositions
Challenging PrepositionsChallenging Prepositions
Among, betweenBeside, besidesExceptIn, into, in toLike
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Among, BetweenAmong, Between
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Among is used to speak of three or more persons or things; between is used for two.
• Profits will be divided among the nine partners.
• Responsibility will be divided between the vice president and the general manager.
Beside, BesidesBeside, Besides
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Beside means “next to”; besides means “in addition to.”
• The carpool parking lot is beside the office.
• You have another option besides this one.
ExceptExcept
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Use the preposition except to mean “but” or “excluding.” Use the verb accept to mean “receive.”
• All pages except three must be copied.
• We will now accept applications for the position.
In, Into, In toIn, Into, In to
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In indicates a position or location. Into as one word means three things:
Entering into something.
• She plans to go into accounting.
• We will move into new facilities May 1.
In, Into, In toIn, Into, In to
Chapter 12, Guffey-Seefer, Business English, 10e, Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning, All Rights Reserved 12-12
Making contact.
• Unable to stop, he ran into the back of the car in front of him.
BUT Please turn the report in to your boss on time.
Changing the form of something.
• The caterpillar changed into a butterfly.
LikeLike
Chapter 12, Guffey-Seefer, Business English, 10e, Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning, All Rights Reserved 12-13
The preposition like should be used to introduce nouns or pronouns. Do not use like to introduce clauses.
• Don’t you think Rachel looks like her?
• They look as if (not like) they could be sisters.
Necessary PrepositionsNecessary Prepositions
Be sure to include those prepositions necessary to clarify a relationship.
Be particularly careful when two prepositions modify a single object.
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ExamplesExamplesOur appreciation for and interest
in the project remain great. (Do not omit for.)
What style of printing do you prefer? (Do not omit of.)
She graduated from high school last year. (Do not omit from.)
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Unnecessary PrepositionsUnnecessary Prepositions
Omit unnecessary prepositions.
Chapter 12, Guffey-Seefer, Business English, 10e, Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning, All Rights Reserved 12-16
• I’m not sure when the meeting is scheduled (not scheduled for).
• Boxes were left outside (not outside of) the door.
Terminal PrepositionsTerminal Prepositions
In formal writing, careful writers avoid ending clauses with prepositions.
Chapter 12, Guffey-Seefer, Business English, 10e, Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning, All Rights Reserved 12-17
Less Formal More Formal
What topic did he lecture on?
On what topic did he lecture?
To whom do you wish to speak?
Whom do you wish to speak to?
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agree on mutual ideas
agree to a proposal
agree with a person
• “Idioms” are word combinations that are peculiar to a certain language.
• In English learn to use specific prepositions with particular words.
• Here are a few examples:
Idiomatic ExpressionsIdiomatic Expressions
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angry at a thingangry with a person
correspond to a thingcorrespond with a person
differ from thingsdiffer with persons
different from (not than)
Idiomatic ExpressionsIdiomatic Expressions
Chapter 12, Guffey-Seefer, Business English, 10e, Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning, All Rights Reserved 12-20
expert in
plan to (not on)
retroactive toto (not from)
sensitive to
talk to (tell something)
talk with (exchange remarks)
Idiomatic ExpressionsIdiomatic Expressions