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World War I

1914 – 1918

Goals

Environment Impact

Social Impact

Colonization

Nationalism

Militarism

Alliances

Ottomans

Spark

Together - we will explore what led to this Together - we will explore what led to this conflictconflict

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1. Analyze the impact of industrialization in Europe and Asia.

Unit Goals

World War I Root Causes

2. Examine the political and social reform movements in Europe.

3. Understand the political writings of Karl Marx.

4. Compare and Contrast the rise of Germany under Otto Von Bismarck and Japan under Emperor Meiji.

5. Examine the reaction of native peoples of foreign domination.

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Unit Goals (cont.)

World War I Root Causes

6. Describe imperialism that occurred in Africa and Asia; the importance of geography and natural resources.

7. Describe the rise of nationalism, militarism, and European colonization. 8. Examine the collapse of the Ottomans and its influence that

contributed to World War I.

9. Analyze the European Alliances and how these alliances will set in motion World War I.

10. Examine the significance of Archduke Ferdinand assassination that would led to war.

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What were the root causes that set the stage for World War I?

Introduction

How did World War I became a global war?

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IndustrialRevolutionIndustrialRevolution

World War IRoot CausesWorld War IRoot Causes

ColonizationColonization

World Empires/

Imperialism

World Empires/

Imperialism

MilitarismMilitarism

The AlliancesThe Alliances

Collapse of the Ottoman EmpireCollapse of the Ottoman Empire

NationalismNationalism

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Painting “The Parliament in London,” by Claude Monet’s, Paris.Depicting London showing the sun partially blocked by the smog-laden atmosphere.

The spread of technologies magnified the environmental impact by humans.

People consumed more energy and resources while producing more waste.

Increase burning of fossil fuels reduced air quality.

Industrial RevolutionEnvironment

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Industrial Revolution Social Impact

Rapid urbanization of cities.

Dense and cramped living conditions.

Debates and laws regarding child labor, public health and harsh working conditions

Rise of economic social classes. Marx’s writings about class struggles. Critical of the current social-economic form of society (capitalism). Believed that the rich exploits the poor for their own benefit. His writings will have a profound effect during the twentieth century.“The need of a constantly expanding market for its products chases the bourgeoisie over the whole surface of the globe. It must nestle everywhere, settle everywhere, establish connexions everywhere.” The Communist Manifesto.

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Industrial Revolution

Family No. 1 Family No. 2Social Darwinism - Referring that technology, economy, and government of the "White European“ nations was advanced in comparison to that of other cultures.

Natural selection was playing out, Europeans were more suited to survival and the right to dominate other peoples.

Was Marx right?

Describe how European society was transformed by the industrial revolution?

Contrast how Social Darwinist and a Marxist would account for the differences in the conditions of the two families picture above?

Social Impact

IndustrialRevolutionIndustrialRevolution

Source forRaw

Materials

Source forRaw

Materials

Markets forFinishedGoods

Markets forFinishedGoods

EuropeanNationalismEuropean

Nationalism

MissionaryActivity

MissionaryActivity

Military& NavalBases

Military& NavalBases

Europeanmotives

for colonization

Europeanmotives

for colonization

Places toDump

Unwanted/Excess Popul.

Places toDump

Unwanted/Excess Popul.

Soc. & Eco.Opportunities

Soc. & Eco.Opportunities

HumanitarianReasons

HumanitarianReasons

EuropeanRacism

EuropeanRacism

“WhiteMan’s

Burden”

“WhiteMan’s

Burden”

SocialDarwinism

SocialDarwinism

European Motives for Colonization

9Root Causes: Colonization

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Nationalism

What is nationalism?

Great pride in one’s country or aspiring to become one’s own country. Ethnic people share common languages & traditions.

Nationalism is fueled by people’s ability to vote.

By the 20th century many European nations are constitutional monarchies.

Nations spend money on armies, navies to defend their borders and colonies – assert their power and independence.

Root Causes: Nationalism

Militarism – Brewing Tensions

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1880’s –

Rivalry among the European powers was intense as they scrambled for colonies in Africa and Asia.

British-German tensions increased as a result of German acquisitions which threatened British strategic and commercial interests in Africa and the Pacific.

Root Causes: Militarism

As well as their STANDING ARMIES, the nations introduced CONSCRIPTION, so they also had large numbers of trained RESERVES. All the nations except Britain had HUGE armies.

Militarism – Military buildup

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Italy Austria-Hungary

Germany Russia

Britain

France

Bulgaria / Serbia

The Ottoman Empire

Treaty Aid Alliance

The Alliances1882

1879

1882

1914

1907

18941904

Root Causes: Alliances

The Crimean War

• 1854-1856• Britain and France support Ottomans in war against Russian expansion into Black sea.

Ottoman Empire

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• Costly war with over 250,000

casualties.• Defeated Russia’s forces but shows weakness of Ottoman Empire.

Ottoman Empire

What were some of the reasons for internal decay?

How did the military defeats of the 1700s signal the decay of the Ottoman Empire?

How did Sultan’s attempt to reform?

How did revolts and rebellions lead to further disintegration?

What was the Balkan Crisis of 1876-1878?

What was the significance of the Eastern question?

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The“Spark”

The“Spark”

Ingredients:Ingredients:

1 part European Alliances1 part European Alliances

Generous portion of MilitarismGenerous portion of Militarism

1 part Nationalism1 part Nationalism

1 part of Industrialization1 part of Industrialization

1 part of Colonization1 part of Colonization

Mix with a generous portion of Mix with a generous portion of Imperialism and European Rivalries. Imperialism and European Rivalries.

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What “spark” the chain of events that will lead to war?

The “Spark”

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The Black Hand

Assassination

The “Spark”