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Workshop on Energy Balances and Energy related Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories

Copenhagen 24-25 June 2003

CO2 Emission Inventories HarmonisationThe Strategy and Work in Denmark

By Peter Dal, Danish Energy Authority

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• Possible reasons for divergencePossible reasons for divergence

• Why revisions of the statistics are neededWhy revisions of the statistics are needed

• Example 1: Firewood in householdsExample 1: Firewood in households

• Example 2: Domestic air transportExample 2: Domestic air transport

• Example 3: CHP by autoproducersExample 3: CHP by autoproducers

• Effective reporting systems are necessaryEffective reporting systems are necessary

Contents

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Possible Reasons for Divergence between Eurostat and EEA on Energy Data

• Lack of co-ordination between two separate reporting institutions: Not the case in Denmark

• Revision of historical data are not carried out to the same extent due to differences in the facilities for revision of time series

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Why Revision of Energy Statistics is Needed

Revised national account statistics (ISIC-Nace)

Changes in calorific values etc.

Improved statistics on renewable energy

Re-evaluation of the transformation sector

Change in definitions of final energy consumption

Re-estimation of components in final energy cons.

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Example 1: Firewood in Households

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2000

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12000

14000

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

TJ

1999-statistics 2000-statistics

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Example 2: Domestic Air Transport

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500

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3500

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

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1998-statistics 2000-statistics

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Eurostat / IEA requirements for Statistics in the Transformation Sector

Electricity only CHP Heat only

Public Production

Autoproducer The subject here

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An Assumption of 200 % Heat Efficiency in Danish CHP-production

In 2000, it was decided in the Danish energy statistics to assume a heat-efficiency of 200 % in CHP-production.

Previously, fuel use was proportionally split between heat and electricity according to the corresponding heat and electricity production.

This shift has had a significant effect on fuel consumption in the transformation sector as well on final energy consumption (especially in manufacturing where CHP-production is very widespread).

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CHP by Autoproducers: An Example

Fuel use: 100 TJ natural gas in a CHP-producing industry company

Production: 40 TJ electricity 40 TJ heat, of which 20 TJ is sold for district heating

Loss: 20 TJ

Before - proportionally fuel split:Natural gas used for electricity production: 50 TJNatural gas used for heat production: 50 TJ

Used for district heat production 25 TJUsed in the company: 25 TJ (final

consump) Now - 200% heat-efficiency:Natural gas used for electricity production: 80 TJNatural gas used for heat production: 20 TJ

Used for district heat production 10 TJUsed in the company: 10 TJ (final

consump)

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CHP-production by Autoproducers, 2001Unit: TJ

Source for the Basic Data: Present ProportionalAnnual Electricity and Heat Survey rule fuel splitFuel use, total 41 666 41 666 41 666Output, total 40 904Electricity, total 9 553 25 990 9 731Heat, total 31 351 15 676 31 935- of whichHeat sold 8 482 4 241 8 640Heat consumed 22 869 11 435 23 295Total efficiency 98.2%

Final Consumption Fuel use Heat Efficiency Fuel use EfficiencyTotal 11 435 22 869 200% 23 295 98.2%Agriculture 950 1 900 200% 1 935 98.2%Industry 8 988 17 975 200% 18 310 98.2%Service Sector 1 497 2 994 200% 3 050 98.2%

Transformation SectorFuel use, total 30 231 18 371Production, total 18 035 18 035Electricity, total 9 553 9 553Heat produced and sold 8 482 8 482Total efficiency 59.7% 98.2%

CHP: Rule beforeCHP: Present rule

Fuel use

CHP: Present rule CHP: Rule before

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Conclusions on Autoproducers’ CHP

• The assumption how to treat fuel consumption in CHP units may differ from country to country

• Regarding autoproducers: Eurostat and IEA has no knowledge about the split between the transformation sector and final energy consumption

• The Danish assumption means the more auto-producers’ CHP, the higher the energy efficiency

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Effective Reporting Systems Are Necessary

• Before: Completing paper questionnaires

• IEA’s electronic reporting system

• But, still all figures to the nearest whole number

• Time series should be in focus

• New reporting system for Danish energy statistics