1st trimester review

Social Studies

Standards 8.1.1- 8.2.7

8.1.1 The great awakening

The Great awakening was a religious revival.

Told the people to keep their moral beliefs, but make political choices.

Jonathan Edwards was a minister that encouraged his people to get involved.

Effects of the Great Awakening

Movement caused a rise in church membership.

New churches and religions starting developing.

Many religious colleges opened up.

Movement made colonist start helping others.

New ideas were openly discussed like moral choices (right and wrong).

Opened their minds to the idea of independence.

8.1.2 The Declaration of Independence

UNALIENABLE RIGHTS = People are born with individual rights.

These rights are LIFE, LIBERTY (freedom) and THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS.

If the government does not protect these rights the people can change or remove officials in the government.

Jefferson was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence.

He based his ideas on the writings of John Locke.

JOHN LOCKE’s Ideas

A “just” or fair government ….. Is based on the consent of the people

(approval through voting). Protects our “natural rights” to life, liberty,

and property (pursuit of happiness=success).

Should be changed or replaced if it becomes unfair.

8.1.3 effects of the am. revolution

France was a good friend to America as it gained its independence.

Many other countries saw the independence movement as an inspiration to fight for their independence

Thomas Paine wrote “COMMON SENSE”. It argued that people should fight for

complete freedom from England. He believed people were better off without

kings and should have control of their own government.

8.1.4 New style of gov’t

Civic Republicanism= from the Greeks, the idea that people should represent their country and be directly informed as citizens.

Classical Liberalism= from Rome, the idea that the people should elect representatives to protects their freedoms.

English Parliament was the example the U.S. used to form our gov’t.

We used their idea of 2 houses. Senate and the House of Representatives.

8.2.1 Influences on the Constitution

Magna Carta= limited the power the king had over the English people in the colonies.

The English Bill of Rights= protected the rights of Englishmen in the colonies, but not the Colonists.

The Mayflower Compact= an agreement to obey laws created for the good of the people.

It set the belief that the majority must rule.

And the government can only be valid if it is founded on the consent of the governed.

8.2.2

Declaration of Independence = listed the colonist’s complaints against England and stated there are ‘unalienable rights’ < rights that cannot be taken away> that the government must protect.

Articles of Confederation= ideas about how to create the new American gov’t. It gave most power to the states and not enough to the gov’t.

The Constitution = the book of rights and laws of the U.S.

It balanced power between the states and federal gov’t.

Ten amendments were added AKA the Bill of Rights.

8.2.3 Writing the Constitution

The Great Compromise.

Virginia Plan= legislature with 2 houses. Each based on state population.

New Jersey Plan= 1 house each state sends 1 delegate.

The Great Compromise = One house (Senate) 1 person per state.

Other house (House of Representatives) based on state population.

Anti-Federalists= against federal gov’t power, for state power.

Federalists= for state protection and balance of power with federal gov’t control.

Bill of Rights = offered more protection for the people and the states.

8.2.5 Separation of Church and State

No man would be forced to….

Believe in a religion Support a religion Suffer consequences

because of beliefs Listen to others’

beliefs/opinions

Religion would not interfere with Civil Duty.

Church and Government will be kept separate!

8.2.6 government powersCongress President Courts

Collect taxes, impose duties, regulate commerce.

Act as a Commander In Chief of Army and Navy

Judge all cases having to do with the constitution, laws and treaties

Coin money Make treaties Interpret the constitution, determine whether laws are fair.

Secure patents for scientists and artists

Commission officers

Declare war, raise and support armies

Take care that laws be faithfully executed

Make laws

Bill of rights.

Freedom of religion, assembly, press, petition, and speech.

Right to bear arms. Probable cause, no

unreasonable search or seizure.

Due process

Speedy and public trial.. Trial by jury.

No cruel or unusual punishment. No excessive fines.