1 redefining america: findings from the 2006 latino national survey luis r. fraga stanford...

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Redefining America: Findings from the 2006 Latino National Survey

Luis R. FragaStanford University

University of Washington

John A. GarciaUniversity of Arizona

Rodney E. HeroUniversity of Notre Dame

Michael Jones-CorreaCornell University

Valerie Martinez-EbersTexas Christian University

Gary M. SeguraUniversity of Washington

33

Sources of FundingSources of Funding

• Annie E. Casey FoundationAnnie E. Casey Foundation• Carnegie CorporationCarnegie Corporation• Ford FoundationFord Foundation• Hewlett FoundationHewlett Foundation• Irvine FoundationIrvine Foundation• Joyce FoundationJoyce Foundation• Kellogg FoundationKellogg Foundation• National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation• Russell Sage FoundationRussell Sage Foundation• Texas A&M University: MALRC, PERGTexas A&M University: MALRC, PERG

44

Percent Hispanic of U.S. Population, Percent Hispanic of U.S. Population, 1960-20301960-2030

3.64.8

6.9

9.7

13.2

16.4

19.3

22.5

0

5

10

15

20

25

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

Source: Chapter 2. Multiple Origins, Uncertain Destinies. Adapted from Figure 2-2.

Per

cent

55

Hispanic Births and Net Immigration Hispanic Births and Net Immigration by Decade: 1960-2030by Decade: 1960-2030

2.61.3

3.2 3

4.45.5

78.1

9.2

7.6

11.2

7.3

13.4

8.1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1960-70 1970-80 1980-90 1990-2000

2000-10 2010-20 2020-30

Births Immigration

Source: Chapter 2. Multiple Origins, Uncertain Destinies. Adapted from Figure 2-1.

Mill

ions

66

Latino Diversity

Census Bureau (American Community Survey, Released August 2006)

Mexican 63.9%Puerto Rican 9%Cuban 3.5%Salvadoran 2.9%Dominican 2.7%Guatemalan 1.7%Colombian 1.8%ALL OTHERS 14.3%

Native-born (not Island-born): 35.4%Foreign-born 61%Island-born PR 3.6%

No high school diploma 43%College graduate 11.1%

Latino National Survey (unweighted N)Summer 2006

*Mexican 66.1% (5704)*Puerto Rican 9.5% (822)*Cuban 4.9% (420)*Salvadoran 4.7% (407)*Dominican 3.9% (335)*Guatemalan 1.7% (149)*Colombian 1.6% (139)*All Others 7.6%

*Native-born 28.4% (2450)*Foreign-born (adults) 66.2% (5717)*Island-born PR 5.4% (467)

*No high school diploma 37%*College graduate 16.2%

44 million Latinos in the US

77

Assimilation, Values, and IdentityAssimilation, Values, and Identity

88

Language ProficiencyLanguage Proficiencyacross Generationsacross Generations

11stst Gen Gen 22ndnd Gen Gen 33rdrd Gen Gen 44thth Gen Gen

Answered in EnglishAnswered in English 19.219.2 73.773.7 90.490.4 91.391.3

Answered in Spanish, Answered in Spanish, Speak EnglishSpeak English

19.119.1 19.519.5 8.28.2 7.77.7

Total Share with Total Share with English ProficiencyEnglish Proficiency

38.338.3 93.293.2 98.698.6 99.099.0

Retain Spanish Retain Spanish ProficiencyProficiency

99.299.2 91.691.6 68.768.7 60.560.5

Strong English dominance and nearly universal English Strong English dominance and nearly universal English proficiency among the first-generation of US born;proficiency among the first-generation of US born;

Generally strong Spanish retention, aided by refreshed Generally strong Spanish retention, aided by refreshed populations of Spanish-speakers.populations of Spanish-speakers.

99

Importance of Learning English/ Importance of Learning English/ Retaining Spanish across GenerationsRetaining Spanish across Generations

11stst Gen Gen 22ndnd Gen Gen 33rdrd Gen Gen 44thth Gen Gen

How important do you think it is that everyone in the United States learn How important do you think it is that everyone in the United States learn English?English?

SomewhatSomewhat 5.25.2 8.68.6 11.811.8 11.611.6

VeryVery 94.194.1 89.389.3 86.186.1 84.084.0

How important do you think it is for you or your family to maintain the How important do you think it is for you or your family to maintain the ability to speak Spanish? ability to speak Spanish?


VeryVery 88.688.6 84.484.4 73.073.0 66.766.7

1010

Sense of American and Home-Country IdentitySense of American and Home-Country IdentityAcross GenerationsAcross Generations

11stst 22ndnd 33rdrd 44thth

How strongly do you think of yourself as “American”?How strongly do you think of yourself as “American”?

Somewhat StronglySomewhat Strongly 28.728.7 25.125.1 15.215.2 16.316.3

Very StronglyVery Strongly24.524.5 56.956.9 78.578.5 76.476.4

How strongly do you think of yourself as (Mexican, Cuban, etc)?How strongly do you think of yourself as (Mexican, Cuban, etc)?

Somewhat StronglySomewhat Strongly 19.619.6 22.222.2 26.126.1 34.334.3

Very StronglyVery Strongly 67.667.6 64.364.3 45.145.1 40.540.5

1111

A Multiplicity of IdentitiesA Multiplicity of Identities

• Simultaneous strong Simultaneous strong sense of pan-ethnic sense of pan-ethnic identity, national origin identity, national origin identity, and American-identity, and American-nessness

Puerto Ricans illustrate Puerto Ricans illustrate best that identities are best that identities are not mutually exclusivenot mutually exclusive

Cuban pan-ethnicity Cuban pan-ethnicity surprisingly highsurprisingly high

Mexican sense of Mexican sense of American-ness high American-ness high considering the share considering the share foreign bornforeign born

AmericanAmericanNational National OriginOrigin

Pan-Pan-EthnicEthnic

MexicanMexican 61.761.7 84.084.0 87.487.4

CubanCuban 77.877.8 82.182.1 81.681.6

Puerto Puerto RicanRican 83.783.7 90.790.7 89.389.3

AllAll 65.065.0 84.084.0 87.287.2

Cells are percent expressing Cells are percent expressing “somewhat” or “very strongly”“somewhat” or “very strongly”

1212

Levels of Pan Ethnicity and ConnectednessLevels of Pan Ethnicity and Connectedness

Of One’s Subgroup to Other LatinosOf One’s Subgroup to Other Latinos

One-half of LNS Latinos perceive a lot of One-half of LNS Latinos perceive a lot of commonalities with one’s group and other Latinos commonalities with one’s group and other Latinos

Stronger pan-ethnic identifiers are more inclined to Stronger pan-ethnic identifiers are more inclined to see this connection.see this connection.

Over three- fourths of the combined stronger pan-Over three- fourths of the combined stronger pan-ethic identifiers see their own national origin group ethic identifiers see their own national origin group as having a similar fate with other Latinosas having a similar fate with other Latinos

1313

Selected Markers of Societal AssimilationSelected Markers of Societal Assimilation


Roman CatholicsRoman Catholics 73.873.8 69.769.7 66.866.8 58.158.1

Social Capital Social Capital

(Group Participation)(Group Participation)14.114.1 25.025.0 29.429.4 33.433.4

Military Service, Self or Military Service, Self or FamilyFamily

16.116.1 48.948.9 68.668.6 72.372.3

Education < High SchoolEducation < High School 49.749.7 22.922.9 17.617.6 16.216.2

Household income <$35kHousehold income <$35k 53.453.4 34.934.9 29.229.2 33.433.4

Percent Marrying non-Percent Marrying non-Latinos Latinos

13.313.3 32.232.2 42.642.6 53.353.3

1414

Attention to US and “Home Country” Attention to US and “Home Country” Politics and Public AffairsPolitics and Public Affairs

• Attention to US politics is strong, even among the foreign born, Attention to US politics is strong, even among the foreign born, and approaches (and in some cases surpasses) levels for all and approaches (and in some cases surpasses) levels for all other groups, among Latinos born in the US.other groups, among Latinos born in the US.

• While about 57% of foreign born respondents agree that they While about 57% of foreign born respondents agree that they should be able to vote in home country elections, only about 4% should be able to vote in home country elections, only about 4% have ever done so, and about 58% report paying little or no have ever done so, and about 58% report paying little or no attention to politics back home.attention to politics back home.


Attention to/Interest in US politicsAttention to/Interest in US politics

Somewhat or Very InterestedSomewhat or Very Interested 60.060.0 73.973.9 79.279.2 81.381.3

Attention to/Interest in “Home-Country” politicsAttention to/Interest in “Home-Country” politics

Little or No Attention PaidLittle or No Attention Paid 57.557.5 61.061.0 72.872.8 72.872.8

1515

Preferences for Cultural Preferences for Cultural Assimilation and Distinctness Assimilation and Distinctness


Importance of Changing to Blend into Larger SocietyImportance of Changing to Blend into Larger Society


VeryVery 61.461.4 44.644.6 40.640.6 35.735.7

Importance of Maintaining Distinct CultureImportance of Maintaining Distinct Culture


VeryVery 78.678.6 75.875.8 72.972.9 66.766.7

• Support for blending into the larger culture and for maintaining a Support for blending into the larger culture and for maintaining a distinct culture are positively related (r=.1415):distinct culture are positively related (r=.1415):

• Not seen as an either/or propositionNot seen as an either/or proposition

1616

Expressions of American ValuesExpressions of American Values11stst 22ndnd 33rdrd 44thth

Equality of Right, without regard to political beliefsEquality of Right, without regard to political beliefs

Strongly Strongly agreeagree 76.176.1 76.776.7 81.981.9 84.484.4

Individual Responsibility, life outcomes not the fault of the “system”Individual Responsibility, life outcomes not the fault of the “system”

Somewhat Somewhat agreeagree 16.116.1 27.227.2 28.428.4 28.928.9

Strongly Strongly agreeagree 49.649.6 42.542.5 45.345.3 41.441.4

Equality of Opportunity, uneven life chances are not a problemEquality of Opportunity, uneven life chances are not a problem

Somewhat or Somewhat or Strongly Strongly disagreedisagree

32.932.9 48.148.1 47.947.9 53.853.8

1717

Civic and Political Civic and Political ParticipationParticipation

1818

Latino Interest in PoliticsLatino Interest in Politics(in percentages)(in percentages)

AllAll US Born NaturalizedUS Born Naturalized Non- Non- RespondentsRespondents Citizens Citizens Citizens Citizens Citizens Citizens

Not Not InterestedInterested 3232 2121 2828 41 41

Somewhat Somewhat InterestedInterested 4848 5050 4848 48 48

Very Very InterestedInterested 2020 2929 2424 1 1

QUESTION: How interested are you in politics and public affairs? Would you say you are QUESTION: How interested are you in politics and public affairs? Would you say you are very interested, somewhat interested or not at all interested?very interested, somewhat interested or not at all interested?

1919

Civic Engagement Among Civic Engagement Among Naturalized and Non- CitizensNaturalized and Non- Citizens

(in percentages)(in percentages)AllAll US Born NaturalizedUS Born Naturalized Non- Non-

RespondentsRespondents Citizens Citizens Citizens Citizens Citizens Citizens

GroupGroupparticipationparticipation 1919 2929 23 23 10 10

ContactsContactsofficialsofficials 3030 4545 37 37 17 17

OrganizationalOrganizationalproblem-solvingproblem-solving 4343 4646 43 43 42 42

Multiple contactsMultiple contactsw/ officialsw/ officials 2525 2020 19 19 31 31

2020

2004 Election Participation Among 2004 Election Participation Among US Born and Naturalized CitizensUS Born and Naturalized Citizens

US Born US Born NaturalizedNaturalized

% of eligible% of eligibleRespondentsRespondents 63%63% 37%37% (n=5321)(n=5321)

Asked toAsked toVote/give$Vote/give$ 39%39% 25%25%

RegisteredRegistered 81%81% 73%73%

VotedVoted 65%65% 58%58%

Voted forVoted forKerryKerry 56%56% 50%50%Voted forVoted forBushBush 38%38% 46%46%

Almost twice as many US Born as Almost twice as many US Born as Naturalized eligible to participateNaturalized eligible to participate

Significantly more US Born than Significantly more US Born than Naturalized asked to vote or Naturalized asked to vote or contribute money to candidates or a contribute money to candidates or a political party, 14% difference!political party, 14% difference!

More US Born registered and voted More US Born registered and voted than Naturalized than Naturalized

Significantly more US Born voted Significantly more US Born voted for Kerry than Bush, 13% for Kerry than Bush, 13% difference!difference!

More Naturalized citizens also More Naturalized citizens also voted for Kerry, but the gap in those voted for Kerry, but the gap in those who voted for Kerry versus those who voted for Kerry versus those who voted for Bush is much who voted for Bush is much smaller, only 4%smaller, only 4%

2121

Gender Differences in 2004 Gender Differences in 2004 Election ParticipationElection Participation

Latino Latino LatinaLatina

% of eligible% of eligibleRespondentsRespondents 46%46% 54%54% (n=5321)(n=5321)

Asked toAsked toVote/give$Vote/give$ 36%36% 31%31%

RegisteredRegistered 77%77% 80%80%

VotedVoted 61%61% 63%63%

Voted forVoted forKerryKerry 52%52% 55%55%Voted forVoted forBushBush 43%43% 39%39%

Latinas were a significantly larger share of the Latinas were a significantly larger share of the eligible participantseligible participants

More Latino men asked to participate than More Latino men asked to participate than LatinasLatinas

YET,YET,

Latinas participated at higher rates than Latino Latinas participated at higher rates than Latino menmen

Both Latinas and Latinos voted more for Kerry Both Latinas and Latinos voted more for Kerry than Bushthan Bush

STILL,STILL,

Significantly more Latinas voted for Kerry than Significantly more Latinas voted for Kerry than voted for Bushvoted for Bush

2222

Pan-Ethnic Identity and ParticipationPan-Ethnic Identity and Participation(in percentages)(in percentages)

Weak Latino Weak Latino Strong LatinoStrong Latino

AllAll Identity Identity Identity Identity

Very InterestedVery Interestedin politicsin politics 27 27 3030 27 27

Contacts officials Contacts officials 42 42 4444 42 42

Asked to Vote/Asked to Vote/ Give $Give $ 40 40 3939 33 33

RegisteredRegistered 78 78 8080 78 78

VotedVoted 62 62 6767 62 62

Voted for KerryVoted for Kerry 54 54 4848 55 55

Voted for BushVoted for Bush 40 40 4545 40 40

Question: In general, how strongly or not do you think of yourself as Hispanic or Latino? Weak = Not at all or Question: In general, how strongly or not do you think of yourself as Hispanic or Latino? Weak = Not at all or Not very Strongly; Strong = Somewhat Strongly or Very Strongly?Not very Strongly; Strong = Somewhat Strongly or Very Strongly?

2323

American Identity and ParticipationAmerican Identity and Participation(in percentages)(in percentages)

Latino National Origin AmericanLatino National Origin American Identity IdentityIdentity Identity Identity Identity

Very InterestedVery Interested

in politicsin politics 2121 2323 3939

Contacts officialsContacts officials 3838 3939 5252

Asked to Vote/Asked to Vote/Give $Give $ 2929 2828 4747

RegisteredRegistered 7777 7272 8888

VotedVoted 5959 5555 7575

Voted for KerryVoted for Kerry 5555 5757 5050

Voted for BushVoted for Bush 3838 3939 4545

Question: Of the three previous terms, Latino/Hispanic, (selected national origin descriptor), or American, which Question: Of the three previous terms, Latino/Hispanic, (selected national origin descriptor), or American, which best describes you?best describes you?

2424

Latinos and PartisanshipLatinos and Partisanship

2525

Patterns of PartisanshipPatterns of Partisanship

Overall U.S. Born Puerto Rico Born Overall U.S. Born Puerto Rico Born Outside Outside

U.S.U.S.

Democrat Democrat 42.1 55.9 56.3 33.9 42.1 55.9 56.3 33.9

RepublicanRepublican 21.5 26.0 22.9 18.8 21.5 26.0 22.9 18.8

IndependentIndependent 8.1 5.6 3.1 10.0 8.1 5.6 3.1 10.0

Don’t CareDon’t Care 12.7 4.8 5.5 17.4 12.7 4.8 5.5 17.4

Don’t KnowDon’t Know 15.6 8.6 12.7 20.0 15.6 8.6 12.7 20.0

2626

Partisanship Among CitizensPartisanship Among Citizens

U.S. Born Naturalized Registered Not U.S. Born Naturalized Registered Not RegisteredRegistered






2727

Partisanship and GenderPartisanship and Gender

MaleMale FemaleFemale

Democrat Democrat 41.241.2 40.7 40.7

Republican Republican 23.7 18.723.7 18.7

Independent Independent 9.3 7.6 9.3 7.6

Don’t Care Don’t Care 11.7 14.611.7 14.6

Don’t Know Don’t Know 14.1 18.414.1 18.4

2828

Citizenship and Issue Positions:Citizenship and Issue Positions:Problem Facing the CountryProblem Facing the Country

CitizenCitizen Non-citizenNon-citizen

Iraq WarIraq War 30.0 33.2 30.0 33.2

Economy Economy 14.7 12.414.7 12.4

IllegalIllegal Immigration Immigration 8.4 14.8 8.4 14.8

Education/Education/ Schools Schools 4.2 4.74.2 4.7

Other Other 12.4 6.612.4 6.6

“What do you think is THE one most important problem facing the country today?”

2929

Partisanship and Issue Positions:Partisanship and Issue Positions:Problem Facing the CountryProblem Facing the Country

Democrat Republican IndependentDemocrat Republican Independent

Iraq WarIraq War 33.8 25.1 25.8 33.8 25.1 25.8

Economy Economy 15.0 14.6 14.515.0 14.6 14.5

IllegalIllegal Immigration Immigration 6.9 9.0 10.6 6.9 9.0 10.6

Education/Education/ Schools Schools 5.4 4.5 5.05.4 4.5 5.0

Other Other 11.7 17.3 16.111.7 17.3 16.1


3030

Partisanship and Issue Positions:Partisanship and Issue Positions:Preferred Party to Address Problem Facing CountryPreferred Party to Address Problem Facing Country

Democrats Republicans Neither Don’t KnowDemocrats Republicans Neither Don’t Know






“Which political party do you think has a better approach to address this problem?”

3131

Citizenship and Issue Positions:Citizenship and Issue Positions:Problem Facing LatinosProblem Facing Latinos

CitizenCitizen Non-citizenNon-citizen

IllegalIllegal ImmigrationImmigration 25.0 35.1 25.0 35.1

Education/Education/ Schools Schools 13.9 3.613.9 3.6

Unemp/Jobs Unemp/Jobs 11.7 12.6 11.7 12.6

Iraq War Iraq War 1.5 1.61.5 1.6

Other Other 13.6 9.213.6 9.2


3232

Partisanship and Issue Positions:Partisanship and Issue Positions:Problem Facing LatinosProblem Facing Latinos

Democrat Republican IndependentDemocrat Republican Independent

IllegalIllegal Immigration Immigration 24.7 23.7 27.5 24.7 23.7 27.5

Education/Education/ Schools Schools 18.2 15.3 11.318.2 15.3 11.3

Unemp/Jobs Unemp/Jobs 12.4 11.0 9.7 12.4 11.0 9.7

Iraq War Iraq War 1.8 0.9 1.91.8 0.9 1.9

Other Other 13.8 16.4 14.413.8 16.4 14.4

“What do you think is THE one most important problem facing the Latino community today?”

3333

Partisanship and Issue Positions:Partisanship and Issue Positions:Preferred Party to Address Problem Facing LatinosPreferred Party to Address Problem Facing Latinos

Democrats Republicans Neither Don’t KnowDemocrats Republicans Neither Don’t Know






“Which political party do you think has a better approach to address this problem?”

3434

Latinos’ Commonalities with OthersLatinos’ Commonalities with Others

How wide are the circles?How wide are the circles? Who are included in these circles? Who are included in these circles?

3535

Inter-Group Relations

How do Latinos View their Political Interests vis-à-vis African Americans and Whites?

Are there some characteristics about Latinos that facilitate positive views toward other groups?

Do Latino national sub-groups see themselves as connected

to other Latino sub-groups?

Do Latinos believe that their collective future is linked to that of African Americans? To other Latinos?

3636

A RECENT INGREDIENT TO THE INTER-GROUP MIX:

The Latino population, particularly immigrants, has moved beyond such traditional states as California, Texas, and New York to establish a considerable and increasing presence in such states as Arkansas, Georgia, Iowa and North Carolina.

These latter states -- Arkansas, Georgia, Iowa and North Carolina – are also states that had previously had little experience with immigrants and/or have substantially large African-American populations. Also the majority “Anglo” population have less familiarity with Latinos.

Latinos’ Communities of Residence and

Inter-Group Connections

3737

Latinos Seeing CommonalitiesLatinos Seeing Commonalitieswith Other Groupswith Other Groups

Response Choices: nothing, little, some, a lot, DK/NAResponse Choices: nothing, little, some, a lot, DK/NA

QuestionQuestion: Thinking about issues like job opportunities, educational : Thinking about issues like job opportunities, educational attainment or income, how much do [selected ethnic term] have in attainment or income, how much do [selected ethnic term] have in common with other racial groups in the United States today? Would common with other racial groups in the United States today? Would you say [selected ethnic term] haveyou say [selected ethnic term] have

… ….. .. in commonin common with with African AmericansAfrican Americans

Results:Results: In all 7 statesIn all 7 states more respondents say “some” or “a lot” more respondents say “some” or “a lot” -- ranging -- ranging

from 46% to 57% -- than say “nothing” or “little.”from 46% to 57% -- than say “nothing” or “little.” However, in the 4 “emerging states” 50 percent However, in the 4 “emerging states” 50 percent or lessor less of of

respondents say “some” or “a lot,” while more in the other states say respondents say “some” or “a lot,” while more in the other states say “some” or “a lot”: CA (51%), TX (52 %), NY (57%)“some” or “a lot”: CA (51%), TX (52 %), NY (57%)

3838

Question: Thinking about issues like job opportunities, educational attainment or income, how much do [selected ethnic term] have in common with other racial groups in the United States today? Would you say [selected ethnic term] have

….. in common with whites:

Results:

Varied patterns exist. A general summary is difficult to ascertain; except that in all states fewer respondents answer “some” or “a lot” than they did for the similar question regarding African Americans. Also, CA was the only state where more say nothing /little than some/ a lot (47%/44%).

Socioeconomic Commonalities

3939

Contributing Factors for Perceived CommonalitiesContributing Factors for Perceived Commonalities

Perceive commonality w/ African Amer.Perceive commonality w/ African Amer.11 WhitesWhites

Nativity 62.8/41.9Nativity 62.8/41.9 46.7/40.7 46.7/40.7 Language Use 62.2/40.0Language Use 62.2/40.0 47/40.2 47/40.2 Linked fate w/ Af. Amer. 50.0/37.2 Linked fate w/ Af. Amer. 50.0/37.2 49.4/43.2 49.4/43.2 Partisan IdentityPartisan Identity 56.6/42.9 56.6/42.9 47.3/39.1 47.3/39.1 Linked fate w/ Latinos 51.3/45.3Linked fate w/ Latinos 51.3/45.3 45.4/39.2 45.4/39.2 Race/Ethn. of co-workers 51.8/43.6 63.1/39.0 Race/Ethn. of co-workers 51.8/43.6 63.1/39.0

1 The set of percentages represents Latino respondents who indicated some or a lot of commonality for native/foreign born, English/Spanish speakers. For the linked fate percentages, it is some/a lot vs. little/nothing. For partisan, it is partisans vs. non-partisans. And coworkers represent mixed group of coworkers vs. only Latinos.

4040

Extent of Commonality among Latinos regarding their Extent of Commonality among Latinos regarding their political situation with African Americans and Whitespolitical situation with African Americans and Whites

Latinos in National Latinos in National Latino SurveyLatino Survey

Commonality with Commonality with African AmericansAfrican Americans

Commonality with Commonality with WhitesWhites

Latino Sub-GroupsLatino Sub-Groups

Colombians (139)Colombians (139) 49.649.6 41.741.7

Cubans (419)Cubans (419) 51.351.3 49.949.9

Dominicans (335)Dominicans (335) 52.852.8 43.343.3

El Salvadorans (406)El Salvadorans (406) 45.345.3 40.940.9

Guatemalans (149)Guatemalans (149) 40.940.9 39.639.6

Mexicans (5690)Mexicans (5690) 46.946.9 42.642.6

Puerto Ricans (759)Puerto Ricans (759) 60.660.6 47.747.7

11 The numbers in the parentheses represent the number of respondents in that categoryThe numbers in the parentheses represent the number of respondents in that category

22 The operational definition for the foreign-born includes all persons born outside the U.S., The operational definition for the foreign-born includes all persons born outside the U.S., including being born in Puerto Rico.including being born in Puerto Rico.

4141

Concept of “Linked Fate” with Others:African Americans and Latinos

Question:How much does [Latinos] doing well depend on African Americansdoing well?

Results:Percent saying “some” or “a lot” in 4 emerging states ranges from 58% (NC) to 65% (AR).

4242

How much does Latinos doing well depend on How much does Latinos doing well depend on African Americans doing well?African Americans doing well?

Latinos in National Latinos in National Latino SurveyLatino Survey Linked Fate with African AmericansLinked Fate with African Americans

Latino Sub-GroupsLatino Sub-Groups

Colombians (139)Colombians (139) 66.966.9

Cubans (419)Cubans (419) 61.361.3

Dominicans (335)Dominicans (335) 72.272.2

El Salvadorans (406)El Salvadorans (406) 68.268.2

Guatemalans (149)Guatemalans (149) 64.464.4

Mexicans (5690)Mexicans (5690) 62.462.4

Puerto Ricans (759)Puerto Ricans (759) 61.861.8

11 The numbers in the parentheses represent the number of respondents in that The numbers in the parentheses represent the number of respondents in that categorycategory

22 The operational definition for the foreign-born includes all persons born outside the The operational definition for the foreign-born includes all persons born outside the U.S., including being born in Puerto Rico.U.S., including being born in Puerto Rico.

4343

Latino Linked FateLatino Linked Fate

Do Latinos see their futures, and those of their national origin group, Do Latinos see their futures, and those of their national origin group, linked to that of other Latinos? YESlinked to that of other Latinos? YES

Mex Mex indiv.indiv.

Mex Mex groupgroup

Cuban Cuban indiv.indiv.

Cuban Cuban groupgroup

PR PR indiv.indiv.

PR PR groupgroup

NothingNothing 14.314.3 7.17.1 18.418.4 13.413.4 22.122.1 11.311.3

LittleLittle 15.315.3 13.213.2 11.911.9 8.68.6 15.315.3 14.114.1

SomeSome 24.624.6 25.825.8 20.520.5 22.222.2 21.721.7 28.528.5

A LotA Lot 39.239.2 46.846.8 36.336.3 43.743.7 34.134.1 38.538.5

How much does your “doing well” depend on other Latinos/Hispanics also doing How much does your “doing well” depend on other Latinos/Hispanics also doing well? How much does [national origin] “doing well” …?well? How much does [national origin] “doing well” …?

4444

Contributing Factors to Latino Linked FateContributing Factors to Latino Linked Fate

Perceived commonalityPerceived commonality11 Latino Linked Fate Latino Linked Fate

Nativity 67.4/62.9Nativity 67.4/62.9 Language Use 67.9/61.7Language Use 67.9/61.7 Linked fate w/ African. Amer. 74.3/58.6 Linked fate w/ African. Amer. 74.3/58.6 Partisan IdentityPartisan Identity 74.5/61.2 74.5/61.2 Linked fate w/ Latinos 73.7/46.1Linked fate w/ Latinos 73.7/46.1 Race/ethnicity of co-workers 66.6/63.3Race/ethnicity of co-workers 66.6/63.3

1 The set of percentages represents Latino respondents who indicated some or a lot of commonality for native/foreign born, English/Spanish speakers. For the linked fate percentages, it is some/a lot vs. little/nothing. For partisan, it is partisans vs. non-partisans. And coworkers represent mixed group of coworkers vs. only Latinos.

4545

IMMIGRATION POLICY

4646

Preferred Immigration Policy Regarding Undocumented Immigrants, by Generation

54

25

10

28

24

44

14

7

1113

47

14

11

1215

47

14

11

12

31

12

4

9

43Immediate LegalizationGuest Worker Program with LegalizationGuest Worker Program, TemporarySecure BorderNone

4747

Preferred Immigration Policy by Generation

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

ImmediateLegalization

Guest WorkerLegaliz

Guest Worker Seal Border None of These

Preferred Immigration Policy

Perc

en

t w

ith

in G

en

era

tion

Preferred Immigration Policy First

Preferred Immigration PolicySecond

Preferred Immigration Policy Third

Preferred Immigration Policy Fourth

Preferred Immigration Policy All

4848

Latino Opinions on Civilian Groups Opposing Illegal Immigration Patrolling the Border Themselves, by

Generation (in Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas and Washington States)

7

16

24

3

9

18

30

312

26

3

11

22

26

3

25

26

13

27

13

28

19

10

28

Improved Border Control

Little Difference

More Hostility toward Immigrants

More Hostility toward all Latinos

No Opinion

Don't Care

4949

Arizona Latinos' Opinions on Undocumented Immigrants' Access to State Social Services

11

12

14

8

13

38

13

10

29

18

13

28

11

12

21

45

1921

21

24

24

28

13

36

19

Strongly Oppose

Somewhat Oppose

Neither Support nor Oppose

Somewhat Support

Strongly Support

5050

Arizona Latinos' Opinions on Arizona State Constitutional Amendment to Make English the

Official State Language, by Generation

1914

11

9

21

18

8

14

28

15

12

18

23

34

21

32

272330

26

Strongly Oppose

Somewhat Oppose

Neither Support nor Oppose

Somewhat Support

Strongly Support

5151

New Mexican Latinos' Assessment of Relations between Native-born and Immigrant New

Mexicans, by generation

44

12

22

22

45

10

24

21

19

25

35 38

19

20

23

21

Positive

Negative

Neither +/-

Both +/-

5252

Latino National SurveyLatino National Survey

• Executive Summary• Executive Summary• Demographic Tables• Demographic Tables• Background Tables• Background Tables• Questionnaire and Toplines• Questionnaire and Toplines

Available at the website of the Washington Available at the website of the Washington Institute for the Study of Ethnicity, Race, and Institute for the Study of Ethnicity, Race, and Sexuality (WISER), University of Washington, Sexuality (WISER), University of Washington, Seattle:Seattle:

http://http://depts.washington.edu/uwiser/LNS.shtmldepts.washington.edu/uwiser/LNS.shtml

1 redefining america: findings from the 2006 latino national survey luis r. fraga stanford...

Documents

identity slide

perg slide

casey foundation annie

us slide

percent slide

nd gen

rd gen

th gen