1. Jamestown was the first English settlement in North America. In what year was it founded?

John Smith Pocahontas

2. In what year did the Second Continental Congress approve the Declaration of Independence?

3. Delegates from twelve states met in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation, but instead, they wrote a new constitution for the United States. In what year was this Constitution written?

4. In what year did the United States, under leadership of President Jefferson, purchase the Louisiana Territory from Napoleon, ruler of France?

5. The American Civil War began with the firing on Fort Sumter and ended with the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House. In what year did the Civil War begin and when did it end?

1861-1865

Fort SumterAppomattox

6. What is meant by the term, “representative government?”

A form of government in which power is held by the people and exercised through the efforts of representatives elected by those people.

7. Aboard the Mayflower in Plymouth Bay, the Pilgrims drafted a document in which they agreed to accept majority rule and participate in a government in the best interest of all members of the colony. What was the name of this document?

Mayflower Compact

8. What was the name of the first written constitution in the American colonies?

Charter Oak

9. What was the name of the first

representative assembly in the colonies? It was

founded in 1619 in Virginia.

House of Burgesses

10. Great Britain’s trade with her American colonies was based on an

economic theory which stated that the colonies were to serve as a source of

raw materials for Great Britain and as a marketplace for British goods. What

is this economic theory called?

Mercantilism

11. While they were fighting the Seven Years’ War in Europe, the British and French fought a war in America. What was the name of the war fought in America and which side won? The French & Indian War

British Victory

12. Congress put a tax on imported goods in order to protect American factories in the Northeast from British competition. The South bitterly opposed the tax. What was this tax called?

13. In his Farewell Address in 1796, President Washington stressed three dangers facing the nation? List them.

(a) The rise of political parties which he believed could divide Americans.

(b) Sectionalism - political divisions based on geographic loyalties.

(c)Alliances with foreign nations.

14. Name the foreign policy statement formulated by Secretary of State John Quincy Adams and presented by President James Monroe in 1823

which reflected American nationalism. It warned European nations not to interfere with young Latin

American republics and stated that the United States would not get involved in European affairs.

Monroe Doctrine

15. In the 1830s, President Andrew Jackson ignored the ruling of the Supreme Court and forced the Cherokees to move from their home in Georgia to Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River. What was the 800 mile journey of the Cherokees called?

The Trail of Tears

16. In 1787, the Confederation Congress passed a law which

established a system for setting up governments in the western

territories so they could eventually join the Union on an

equal footing with the original 13 states. The law required new

states to prohibit slavery. What was the law called?Northwest

Ordinance

17. In the 1840’s, what was the popular expression based on the belief that the United states was destined to secure territory from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean?

Manifest Destiny

18. In 1794, Congress levied an excise tax on certain domestic goods. The tax resulted in a rebellion in western Pennsylvania. What was this rebellion called?

The Whiskey Rebellion

19. Issued by President Abraham Lincoln on September 22, 1862, to go into effect on January 1, 1863, it declared that all slaves in the rebellious Confederate states would be free. It did not apply to slaves living in border states or to areas in the South occupied by federal troops. What was this document called?

Emancipation

Proclamation

20. Name the speech delivered by President Lincoln on November 19, 1863, which begins with the words, “Four score and seven years ago.”

The Gettysburg Address

21. What is the name given to the period following the Civil War from

1865 to 1877?

22. What name was given to the system of agricultural production based on large-scale land ownership and the exploitation of labor which developed in the South?

Plantation System

23. What term is used to refer to the switch from hand labor to machine labor which began in England and spread to the

United States in the late 1700’s?

Industrial Revolution

24. What name is given to the war between the United States and Great Britain in the early 1800s which resulted from British violations of United States’ freedom of the seas?

War of 1812

25. What do you call an economic system in which individuals depend on supply and demand and the profit margin to determine the answers to the four basic economic questions of “what to produce,” “how to produce,” “how many to produce,” and “for whom to produce?”

Free Enterprise

System

26. What document, signed by King John, declared that the king and government were bound by the some law as other citizens of England? It contained antecedents of the ideas of due process of law and the right to a fair and speedy trial. These are also included in the U.S. Bill of Rights.

27. Name the document, signed by King William and Queen Mary in 1689 which guaranteed certain rights to English citizens and declared that elections for Parliament would happen frequently. Its influence can be seen in our Bill of Rights.

William and Mary

EnglishBill of Rights

28. What document, adopted by the Second Continental Congress in 1776, begins with the words, “We hold these truths to be self- evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness?”

Declaration of Independence

29. What do we call the series of essays written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison, which explained and urged ratification of the U.S. Constitution?

Federalist Papers

Madison

Hamilton

Jay

30. What name was given to our first national constitution? It was adopted by the Second Continental Congress in 1781 and created a weak national government with most power at the state level.

Articles of Confederation

31. What do we call the current document which outlines the powers of our national government and divides our government into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial?

U.S.CONSTITUTION

32. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution? They were ratified in 1791.

The Bill of Rights

33. The first amendment guarantees five fundamental rights of American citizens. List these rights.

Freedom of Religion

Freedom of Speech

Freedom of the Press

Right to Assemble

Right to Petition

34. What term is used to define a type of

government in which everyone, including all authority figures, must

obey the law?

Limited Government

j

l

35. What is the term that describes a philosophy of limited government

with elected representatives serving at the will of the people? This philosophy says that the only

legitimate government is one based on the consent of the

governed.

Republicanism

36. Name the system which authorizes each branch of

government to share its powers with the other branches and

provides methods for each branch to limit the activities and powers of

the others.

Checks And Balances

Federalism

37. What do we call the distribution of power between a federal government and the states within a union?

38.The division of the powers of government among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches is called

what?

Separation of Powers

LegislativeExecutive Judicial

39. Which branch of government(known as Congress)

makes the laws?

40. Which branch of government, headed by the president, enforces the laws and sees that they are carried out?

Executive Branch

41. Which branch of government, headed by the Supreme Court, interprets the law?

42. What term is used to describe the concept that political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government. People express themselves through voting and free participation in government.

Popular Sovereignty

It declared that all persons born or naturalized in the United States (except Indians) were citizens, that all

citizens were entitled to equal rights regardless of their race, and that their rights were protected at both the

state and national levels by due process of law.

44. What did the 13th Amendment do?

Abolished Slavery (in 1865)

45. What did the 15th Amendment do?

It granted black men the right to vote.

46. What do we call the power of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional?

Judicial Review

Federalists

47. Those favoring ratification of the Constitution and adoption of the federalist form of government were called what?

48. Those opposed to the Constitution because they feared the power of the national government in the new federal system (such as Patrick Henry and George Mason) were called what?

Anti-Federalists

Patrick Henry George Mason

49. During the Jackson administration, South Carolina, led by John C. Calhoun, declared the

protective tariff null and void within its borders. This led to a crisis call what?

Nullification Crisis

John C. Calhoun

50. In 1803, Chief Justice John Marshall and the Supreme Court declared a law unconstitutional for the first time, thus establishing the principle of judicial review. What was the name of this Supreme Court case?

Marbury V. Madison (1803)

51. In 1819, Maryland was opposed to the establishment of a national bank and challenged the authority of the federal government to establish one. The Supreme Court ruled that the power of the federal government was supreme over that of the states and that the states could not interfere. What was the name of this case?

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

52. Name the landmark Supreme Court case in 1857 which confirmed the status of slaves as property rather that citizens. Chief Just Robert Taney wrote that a slave could not be heard in federal courts because he was not a citizen and had no protection under the constitution. Also Congress had no authority over slavery in the territories, and upon statehood, each territory would determine whether it would be a slave state or a free state.

Dred Scott v. Sanford ( 1857)

Dred Scott

53. Unalienable (inalienable) rights are fundamental rights or natural rights

guaranteed to people naturally instead of by the law. List three of these rights found

in the Declaration of Independence.

Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness

54. What do we call a person of foreign birth who is granted full citizenship?

Naturalized Citizen

55. What term applies to those individuals who played a major role in declaring U.S. independence, fighting the Revolutionary War, or writing and adopting the U. S. Constitution?

Founding Fathers

56. The process of defying codes of conduct within a community or ignoring the policies and government of a state or nation when the civil laws are considered unjust is called what?

Civil Disobedience

Martin Luther King, Jr.

Henry David Thoreau

Mahatma Ghandi

57. What do we call the movement to bring an end to slavery in the United States?

Abolitionist Movement

58. A movement occurred in the 1730s and 1740s in response to inflexible Puritan doctrine. A lay ministry developed which preached personal salvation by good works in contrast to predestination as preached by Puritans. Others, led by Jonathan Edwards, urged believers to develop a personal relationship with God to gain their personal salvation. What was the movement called?

The Great Awakening

59. Efforts to reform society took on renewed purpose in the early 19th century. What was one factor that led to increased reform activity?

Charles G. Finney

Second Great Awakening

60. What do we call evidence produced by someone who participated in an event or lived during the time being studied?

Primary Sources

61. What do we call descriptions or interpretations of events prepared by people who are not involved in the events described?

Secondary Sources

62. Born in Boston, he was the leader of the Sons of Liberty and organized the Committees of Correspondence. Who was he?

Samuel Adams

63. He was an inventor, published Poor Richard’s Almanack, and negotiated the Treaty of Alliance with France during the Revolutionary War. Name him.

Benjamin Franklin

64. Who was king of England during the American Revolution?

George III

65. He was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence, founder of the Democratic-Republican Party, and the President who purchased the Louisiana Territory from France.

Thomas Jefferson

66. He was the leading propagandist of the American Revolution. He wrote Common Sense, which led Americans to declare independence, and The Crisis, which inspired American soldiers during the Revolution.

Thomas Paine

67. He was the Commander of the Continental Army during the American Revolution and the

First President of the United States of America. He was also known as the “ Father of our

Country.”

George Washington

?

68. Known as “ Old Hickory,” he contributed to the democratic spirit in America, becoming the symbol of the common man. He won the Battle of New Orleans during the War of 1812 and was elected President in 1828 and 1832.

Andrew Jackson

69. He was a South Carolina

senator who supported states’

rights and defended slavery.

John C. Calhoun

70. He was known as the Great Compromiser for his ability to smooth sectional conflict through balanced legislation. First a senator then a representative to the U.S. Congress from Kentucky, he served as Speaker of the House for the majority of his thirteen years of service…

Henry Clay

71. He was noted for his speaking ability and his commitment to preserving the union of states. In a famous senate debate, he said, “Liberty and Union, now and forever, one inseparable!”

Daniel Webster

72. From Mississippi, he was president of the Confederate

States of America during the Civil War.

Jefferson Davis

73. He was commander of the

Union Army during the Civil War. He was

elected President in 1868 and 1872.

Ulysses S. Grant

74. From Virginia, he was commander of the Confederate Army during the

Civil War.

Robert E. Lee

75. He was President of the

United States during the Civil War. He helped build the

Republican Party, issued the

Emancipation Proclamation and delivered the

Gettysburg Address.Abraham Lincoln

76. He was

founder of the

Federalist Party and

the nation’s

first Secretary

of Treasury

Alexander Hamilton

77. He was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses and a delegate to the First Continental Congress. He was a fiery orator who said, “Give me liberty, or give me death!”

Patrick Henry

78. Because of his leadership role in writing and ratifying the

U. S. Constitution, he is considered the “Father of the Constitution.” He

was President of the U. S. during the War of 1812. Who was he?James Madison

79. He established a colony in

Pennsylvania as a refuge for the Quakers. He supported

freedom of worship and fair

treatment of Native Americans.

William Penn

80. He was a leading American essayist, poet, and practical philosopher. He wrote Walden and the influential

essay, “Civil Disobedience.” He refused to pay taxes during the Mexican War because of his opposition to slavery.

Henry David Thoreau

81. He was a Federalist and served as Chief

Justice of the Supreme Court for 34 years. He

established the authority of the court

in defining the limits of the U.S. Constitution and the authority of

the executive branch.John Marshall

82. He was a leading African-American abolitionist in the

nineteenth century who captivated his audiences with his strong presence.

He published an abolitionist newspaper called “ The

North Star.”

83. Who is considered the founder of the U.S. Navy? In a famous Revolutionary War naval battle he said, “I have not yet begun to fight !”

John Paul Jones

84. He was the fifth president of the United

States. He declared that the European powers should not colonize or

interfere in the affairs of the nations in the Western Hemisphere in his famous

doctrine in 1823.

James Monroe

85. Along withLucretia Mott, she organized

the first convention

ofthe women’s

rights movement,

the Seneca Falls Convention.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

86. Where did the first two skirmishes of the American Revolution occur?

Lexington and Concord

87. Which battle was considered the turning point of the American

Revolution?

Battle Of Saratoga

88. What was the final major battle of the American

Revolution?

Battle of Yorktown

89. What law did Congress pass in 1807 in response to British

impressment of American sailors? It prohibited all exports from the

United States.

Embargo Act

90. Historically, what term applies to roads, bridges, and canals paid for by the federal government?

Internal Improvements

91. What name was given to the intellectual movement of the 1700s that stressed the power of reason?

The Enlightenment

Ben Franklin

92. What is the term meaning country;

outside the city?

Rural

93. What is the term having to do with

cities?

URBAN

94. Who is responsible for the invention of the cotton gin

and the idea for interchangeable

parts?

Eli Whitney

Mexican War 1846-1848

95. A war caused by the U.S. annexation of Texas and resulted in the acquisition of territory from Texas to California. Mexico City American take over

Mexico City before the war

96. Which group of colonies had an economy based on fishing, shipping, and trade? They had a cold climate and a short growing season. They

used town meetings to govern.

New England ColoniesMassachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire

97. Which group of colonies were known as the breadbasket colonies? They raised a lot of grain crops and livestock and produced iron.

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware

98. Which group of colonies had the longest growing season and the most fertile soil? They grew

cotton and tobacco.

Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia

99. Which Compromise at the Constitutional Convention resolved the dispute between large and small

states over representation in Congress by creating a bicameral legislature?

Great Compromise

100. Which compromise at the Constitutional Convention resolved

a dispute between northern and southern states over the counting of slaves for representation purposes?

Three-Fifths Compromise

The End