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First Nations Fisheries Monitoring First Nations Fisheries Monitoring – Mission to Sawmill Creek Area– Mission to Sawmill Creek Area

November 17th, 2010Rec & FN Catch Monitoring Workshop

prepared by: Matthew Parslow

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Definitions / Key TermsDefinitions / Key Terms

► hail: fisher report of catch and effort informationhail: fisher report of catch and effort information► CFA: Comprehensive Fisheries Agreement CFA: Comprehensive Fisheries Agreement

complete complete ► census: considered a complete accounting of census: considered a complete accounting of

catch and effortcatch and effort► FVAFS: Fraser Valley Aboriginal Fisheries FVAFS: Fraser Valley Aboriginal Fisheries

Society. First Nations monitoring organisation Society. First Nations monitoring organisation operating in the Port Mann to Sawmill Creek operating in the Port Mann to Sawmill Creek area.area.

► FSC: Food, Social and Ceremonial fisheriesFSC: Food, Social and Ceremonial fisheries► EO: Economic Opportunity fisheriesEO: Economic Opportunity fisheries

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Fishery – FSCFishery – FSC

► Groups:Groups: 21 First Nations in three main groups:21 First Nations in three main groups:

►Sto:lo NationSto:lo Nation►Sto:lo Tribal CouncilSto:lo Tribal Council►IndependentsIndependents

► Gears:Gears: drift nets, set nets, beach seines and some dip net.drift nets, set nets, beach seines and some dip net.

► Duration/Frequency:Duration/Frequency: set net: 24-72 hrs, once per weekset net: 24-72 hrs, once per week drift net: 8-12 hrs, one to three times per weekdrift net: 8-12 hrs, one to three times per week

► Target SpeciesTarget Species sockeye, Chinook, chumsockeye, Chinook, chum

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Assess. (Drift) – FSCAssess. (Drift) – FSC

►100% hail/count program100% hail/count program hails/counts obtained at landing siteshails/counts obtained at landing sites Charter Patrol obtains hailsCharter Patrol obtains hails

►Effort based on reports and patrolsEffort based on reports and patrols►No expansion, use of Charter PatrolNo expansion, use of Charter Patrol►Catch and effort data collection by FVAFSCatch and effort data collection by FVAFS

all except Yale/Chehalis/Scowlitz/Cheamall except Yale/Chehalis/Scowlitz/Cheam monitoring conducted by FN for exceptionsmonitoring conducted by FN for exceptions

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Assess. (Set) – FSCAssess. (Set) – FSC

►Survey-based programSurvey-based program catch per unit effort (CPUE) estimated using:catch per unit effort (CPUE) estimated using:

►hails/counts of catch at monitoring siteshails/counts of catch at monitoring sites►hails of effort (net hrs) at monitoring siteshails of effort (net hrs) at monitoring sites

effort estimated using:effort estimated using:►instantaneous effort (overflight(s))instantaneous effort (overflight(s))►effort profiles (fisher interviews)effort profiles (fisher interviews)

►above data is combined to estimate above data is combined to estimate catchcatch

►Collected by FVAFS, analysed by DFOCollected by FVAFS, analysed by DFO

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Validation and Confidence – Validation and Confidence – FSCFSC►some validation of active drift vessel some validation of active drift vessel

counts by Charter Patrol.counts by Charter Patrol.►While counts of catch are obtained While counts of catch are obtained

for some fishers, validation of catch for some fishers, validation of catch rates is not conducted for either rates is not conducted for either gear.gear.

►Precision estimates can be, but are Precision estimates can be, but are not currently, produced for set net not currently, produced for set net estimates.estimates.

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Gaps and Deficiencies – FSCGaps and Deficiencies – FSC

►Hail-based catch estimatesHail-based catch estimates►potential for missed fishers (drift)potential for missed fishers (drift)► interviews may not be representative interviews may not be representative

(set)(set)►validation of catch/effort informationvalidation of catch/effort information►Cheam First NationCheam First Nation

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Fishery Review - EOFishery Review - EO►First Nations signatory to a CFA can First Nations signatory to a CFA can

participate participate ►Gear types: Gear types:

drift netsdrift nets set netsset nets purse seinespurse seines beach seinesbeach seines

►Fishing occurs between the mouth Fishing occurs between the mouth and Sawmill Creek.and Sawmill Creek.

►Target sockeye, chum and pinkTarget sockeye, chum and pink

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Monitoring Plan - EOMonitoring Plan - EO

►catch from all LFA EO and catch from all LFA EO and demonstration fisheries is assessed via demonstration fisheries is assessed via a Mandatory Landing Program (MLP)a Mandatory Landing Program (MLP) Landing slips produced when fish are off-Landing slips produced when fish are off-

loaded.loaded.

►effort estimates:effort estimates: overflights (set net)overflights (set net) on-the-water vessel/crew counts (other)on-the-water vessel/crew counts (other)

►CPUE not estimatedCPUE not estimated

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Monitoring Plan – EO cont.Monitoring Plan – EO cont.

►additional measures to collect catch additional measures to collect catch and effort information during and effort information during selectiveselective EO or demonstration EO or demonstration fisheries:fisheries: 100% observer coverage100% observer coverage set-by-set catch information recordedset-by-set catch information recorded

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Monitoring Plan – EO cont.Monitoring Plan – EO cont.

►The MLPs are implemented by the The MLPs are implemented by the First Nations and FN monitoring First Nations and FN monitoring organisations in the area. i.e.organisations in the area. i.e. MusqueamMusqueam TsawwassenTsawwassen Chehalis/ScowlitzChehalis/Scowlitz Fraser Valley Aboriginal Fisheries Fraser Valley Aboriginal Fisheries

Society (FVAFS)Society (FVAFS) Yale First NationYale First Nation

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Validation and Confidence - Validation and Confidence - EOEO►Third party validation of catch Third party validation of catch

estimates is not conducted at the estimates is not conducted at the current time.current time.

►As this program is a MLP it is As this program is a MLP it is expected that all fishers are expected that all fishers are represented by the landing slips represented by the landing slips produced (complete census). As such produced (complete census). As such confidence estimates can not be confidence estimates can not be produced.produced.

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Gaps and Deficiencies - EOGaps and Deficiencies - EO

►A MLP is in place at all times when an A MLP is in place at all times when an EO fishery is occurring in the LFA, EO fishery is occurring in the LFA, should be 100% coverage.should be 100% coverage.

►potential for missed fisherspotential for missed fishers►hail-based release estimates for drift hail-based release estimates for drift

and set net fisheriesand set net fisheries

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other sampling programsother sampling programs►Coded Wire Tag ProgramCoded Wire Tag Program►LGL Fishwheel projectLGL Fishwheel project

radio tagging projectradio tagging project tags encountered in fisheries are tags encountered in fisheries are

recorded and collectedrecorded and collected

►PSC Sampling (DNA and Scale)PSC Sampling (DNA and Scale) conducted by FVAFS monitors and DFO conducted by FVAFS monitors and DFO

staffstaff

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set net survey program set net survey program overviewoverview

► catch estimated for three river sections, catch estimated for three river sections, five sub-sectionsfive sub-sections Mission to HarrisonMission to Harrison Harrison to Hope Harrison to Hope

► Harrison to Laidlaw / Laidlaw to HopeHarrison to Laidlaw / Laidlaw to Hope

Hope to Sawmill Creek Hope to Sawmill Creek ► Hope to Yale / Yale to Sawmill CreekHope to Yale / Yale to Sawmill Creek

► the basics …the basics … total catch = total catch = average catch / net hr (CPUE)average catch / net hr (CPUE) * *

efforteffort

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►provides the catch rate in pieces provides the catch rate in pieces per net hourper net hour

►obtained from catch interviews obtained from catch interviews (~30% of nets)(~30% of nets)

Monitors record fish kept and released, Monitors record fish kept and released, number of nets and soak time whenever number of nets and soak time whenever gear is checkedgear is checked

data collected is used to determine the data collected is used to determine the average number of fish caught per net hour average number of fish caught per net hour (CPUE)(CPUE)

► i.e.: i.e.: 36 fish36 fish caught in caught in three netsthree nets over over six six hourshours= 36 fish / 3 nets = 12 fish / net in 6 hours36 fish / 3 nets = 12 fish / net in 6 hours= 2 fish / net2 fish / net•hr•hr

survey: catch per unit effort survey: catch per unit effort (CPUE)(CPUE)

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survey: effort – total net survey: effort – total net hourshourstwo pieces of information are needed to two pieces of information are needed to estimate the total net hours (effort) for a estimate the total net hours (effort) for a fishery. they are…fishery. they are…

1.1. total nets fishing at one point during the total nets fishing at one point during the fisheryfishery

instantaneous effort (overflight) instantaneous effort (overflight) countcount

2.2. proportion of nets fishing at the time of the proportion of nets fishing at the time of the instantaneous effort countinstantaneous effort count

effort profileseffort profiles

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survey: instantaneous effortsurvey: instantaneous effort

► provides a ‘snap-shot’ of the total fishing provides a ‘snap-shot’ of the total fishing effort at one point during the fisheryeffort at one point during the fishery

►obtained via helicopter overflightsobtained via helicopter overflights conducted a minimum of once per opening conducted a minimum of once per opening

covers the area from Mission to Sawmill covers the area from Mission to Sawmill CreekCreek

gives the number of active set nets at that gives the number of active set nets at that timetime

► Does not tell you how much fishing Does not tell you how much fishing occurs over 24-hoursoccurs over 24-hours

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0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22Time of day (0 = 12 midnight)

Pro

po

rtio

n n

ets

fis

hin

g

IfIf only overflight information...

survey: instantaneous effortsurvey: instantaneous effort

Under-estimates

effort

Over-estimates

effort

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survey: effort profilessurvey: effort profiles

►Proportion of gear fishing during Proportion of gear fishing during overflights (24-hr effort surveys)overflights (24-hr effort surveys) Data can be based on monitor observations or Data can be based on monitor observations or

reconstructed from catch interview datareconstructed from catch interview data tells you the average tells you the average proportionproportion of of

harvesters fishing at different times of dayharvesters fishing at different times of day

►Proportion of effort = the effort at Proportion of effort = the effort at the time of the overflight / the total the time of the overflight / the total effort for the openingeffort for the opening

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survey: effort profilessurvey: effort profiles

effort profile - LFA FSC set net fishery

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

29-Aug 16:00 29-Aug 22:00 30-Aug 4:00 30-Aug 10:00 30-Aug 16:00

date/time

ne

ts

effort profile - LFA FSC set net fishery

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

29-Aug 16:00 29-Aug 22:00 30-Aug 4:00 30-Aug 10:00 30-Aug 16:00

date/time

net

s

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

effort profile - LFA FSC set net fishery

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

29-Aug 16:00 29-Aug 22:00 30-Aug 4:00 30-Aug 10:00 30-Aug 16:00

date/time

net

s

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

proportion : 15 (nets) / 409 (total net hrs) = ~4%total effort : 21 (overflight) / 4% (proportion)

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survey: catch calculationssurvey: catch calculations

►so if total catch = so if total catch = CPUECPUE * * efforteffort,,►and and CPUECPUE = catch / net hr = catch / net hr

=36 SK / (3 nets * 6 hours) = 36 SK / (3 nets * 6 hours) = 2 SK / net 2 SK / net hrhr

►and and efforteffort = inst. effort / prop. of = inst. effort / prop. of effort effort =21 nets / (15 nets / 409 net hours) = 21 nets / (15 nets / 409 net hours) =

572 net hrs572 net hrs

►then total catch …then total catch …=22 SK / net hrSK / net hr * * 572 net hrs572 net hrs = = 1145 fish1145 fish