1

Design of Solenoid and iron yoke Design of Solenoid and iron yoke for GLDfor GLD

KEK Hiroshi Yamaoka Ken-ichi Tanaka

July 13, ‘05

2

Introduction

Yoke Design - Design against magnetic field - Design against forces - Assembly procedure - Cable path - Support for sub-detectors - Access plan to the sub-detector

Solenoid Design - Coil/superconductor design - Cryostat design - Coil support - Assembly/Installation - Thermal design - Cryogenics system

Cable

Earthquake

Self-weight

Mag. force

Solenoid Iron Yoke

BUniformity

H-Cal

EM Cal

TPC

Muon Tracker

VTX

Solenoid/Iron yoke Magnetic field: 3T

Mean radius: 4m

Uniformity(TPC): <2mm

3

Boundary conditionMagnetic Field Bc= 3 Tesla

Material: S10C(JIS) Carbon= 0.1wt%t=310MPae=205MPaallow=120MPa

Field Uniformity <2mm

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0100

101

102

103

104

105

106

H(A

/m)

B(T)

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.00

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Per

mea

bili

ty

B(T)

Permeability

These dimensions are fixed,Coil length, yoke dimensions are changed.

Belle

SolenoidZ2

R2

max

02

Zmmdz

Bz

Br

3T

4

R2.05m

R1.8m

R0.4m

R1.0m

0

2mm

1

8 layers

max

02

Zmmdz

Bz

Br*Air gap=10cm

<2mm

In the previous meeting(ACFA7 in Taipei),

Iron

2 layers coil + No correction Coil

Cryostat Inner radius 3.72mOuter radius 4.4mHalf length 5.25m

Coil Mean radius 4.0mHalf length 4.93m

3T4576 turns

741A/mm2

5338A81.0H1.8GJStored Energy

Central magnetic field

Nominal currentInductance

# of turns(2 layers)

Current density

4.2mm

30

mm

4.3mm

NbTi:Cu:Al= 1:0.9:15.6

Strand diameter: 1.23mm

Filament diameter: 20m

Jc in NbTi at 5T, 4.2K: > 2750A/mm2

Ic at 5T, 4.2K: > 20300A

(For ATLAS)

Ｓ uperconductor

5

Tesla Solenoid

24.5kA18.8kA

How in GLD solenoid?

Tesla Technical Design ReportPART IV

A Detector for TESLAMarch 2001

Editors: T.Benke, S.Bertolucci, R.D.Heuer, R.Settles

6

1001(%)max

min

B

BUnifCoil-L CoilL-M CoilL-C factor Bmin Bmax Bc Unif

3.83 3.33 0.5 1 2.787 3.038 2.9676 8.2623.83 3.33 0.5 2 2.976 3.109 3.0780 4.2783.83 3.33 0.5 2.5 2.972 3.042 3.0312 2.3013.83 3.33 0.5 2.8 2.955 3.014 2.9890 1.9583.83 3.33 0.5 2.9 2.977 3.036 3.0051 1.9433.83 3.33 0.5 3 2.977 3.036 2.9978 1.943

3.83 2.83 1 1.5 2.886 3.011 2.9838 4.1513.83 2.83 1 1.7 2.904 2.985 2.9719 2.7143.83 2.83 1 1.8 2.953 3.028 3.0096 2.4773.83 2.83 1 2 3.002 3.078 3.0351 2.4693.83 2.83 1 2.2 2.990 3.084 3.0118 3.0483.83 2.83 1 2.5 2.974 3.126 3.0142 4.862

Calculations

4.25m

Coil-L

Coil-M Coil-C

R4.

0m

Jcorr/Jmain

•To satisfy field homogeneity in TPC volume, this value must be at least less then 0.3%.

Hopeless...

72.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

Un

ifo

rmit

y(%

)io(m)

dr io ithck dz eyinra eyinr Coil-LCoilL-Main

CoilL-Corr Ratio Bmin Bmax Bc Unif

0.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.47 0.75 4.43 3.43 1 1.5 2.970 2.998 2.976 0.9340.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.47 0.75 4.43 3.43 1 1.3 2.993 3.040 3.031 1.5460.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.47 0.75 4.43 3.43 1 1.4 3.035 3.067 3.031 1.043

0.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.47 0.75 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.955 2.977 2.960 0.739

0.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.957 2.977 2.961 0.6720.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.83 0.6 2.0 2.980 3.018 2.989 1.2590.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 4.03 0.4 2.0 2.981 3.004 3.000 0.7660.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.98 0.45 2.0 3.001 3.022 3.015 0.695

0.6 3.4 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.997 3.013 3.001 0.5310.8 3.2 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.993 3.007 2.996 0.466

1 3 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.989 2.998 2.991 0.3001.2 2.8 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.998 3.004 3.000 0.2001.4 2.6 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.995 2.998 2.997 0.1001.6 2.4 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.992 2.999 2.998 0.2331.5 2.5 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.997 3.001 3.000 0.1331.3 2.7 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.998 3.002 2.999 0.133

1001(%)max

min

B

BUnif

Coil-L

Coil-M Coil-C

io

4.25m

R4.

0m

dz

Added! Jcorr/Jmain

8

8 layers

Iron

7 layers

*Air gap=10cm

A’. Unif.<2mm, No correction Coil

B. Unif.<20mm, No correction Coil

2mm

18mm0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

Distance from center (m)

Un

ifo

rmit

y(m

m)

6 layers

A. Unif.<2mm, With correction Coil

-0.6mm

Coil length(Half)=4.43m Coil length(Half)=4.93m

Coil length(Half)=4.68m

9

Magnetic Field/Flux lines

Magnetic Field in the TPC

0 10 20 30 40 501E-4

1E-3

0.01

0.1

1

Mag

net

ic F

ield

(T)

Distance from center(m)

Leakage Field along the beam line

A. Unif.<2mm, With correction Coil, Air gap=10cm

Max. 2.998T

Min. 2.994T

10

Magnetic Field/Flux lines

Magnetic Field in the TPC

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

Distance from center (m)

Un

ifo

rmit

y (

mm

)

In case of Air gap=5cm + Corr. coil

- Half Coil length:

4.32m (5cm gap)

4.43m (10cm gap)

- Width of Iron Yoke

7.14m (5cm gap)

7.45m (10cm gap)

11

Stress/deformation of Iron Yoke

Earthquake

Self-weight

Mag. force

7700tons

0.3GxSelf-weight

18400tons

27

2

0

2

841042

3

2

S

BFZ

= 18400tons

ANSYS: 18342tons

Self-weightSeismic force

Magnetic force

Symmetry is NOT defined!

12

7700tons

0.8mm

Thickness= 5cm

Support positions

1.5mm

Results

Stress level is small enough.

0.3G

Seismic force

Against Self-weight

13

Fixed(Faces)

Fixed(Faces)

18400tons

End Yoke

4mm

55MPa<120MPa(a)

Results

14

2 layers coil + Correction Coil(4 layers)

4.2mm

30

mm

4.3mm

NbTi:Cu:Al= 1:0.9:15.6

Strand diameter: 1.23mm

Filament diameter: 20m

Jc in NbTi at 5T, 4.2K:

> 2750A/mm2

Ic at 5T, 4.2K: > 20300A

(Based on ATLAS coil)

Ｓ uperconductor

6.5mm

45

mm

2 layers4 layers

50cm t30mm

10cm 5cm(-0.55) - 0 (-0.3) - (+0.25)

Cryostat Inner radius 3.72m 3.72mOuter radius 4.4m 4.4mHalf length 4.75m 4.64m

Weight(tons) 191 186Coil Mean radius 4.0m 4.0m

Half length 4.43m 4.32mWeight(tons) 78 76

3T 3T2880 2812

741A/mm2 741A/mm2

7956A 8159A1.60GJ 1.56GJStored Energy

Central magnetic field

Nominal current

# of turns(2 layers)

Current density

2 layer+Correction CoilConfig.Air Gap

Uniformity(mm)

Solenoid magnet t40mm

t60mm

t100mm

Al support cylinder

150.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

- 40

- 20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Str

ess

(MP

a)

Distance from center (m)

Von Mises

Axial direction

Co

mp

ress

ion

Stress level in the coil (By K. Tanaka)

Development of High-strength Al

4.43m(Half)

R4.

0m

Support cylinder(t=30mm, Aluminum)

Conductor(h=45mm)

7mm 3mm

Deformation of the coil (By K.Tanaka)

Solenoid center

By Makida

Circum. direction

16

118MPa<140MPa

9mm

t=40mm(Outer vac. wall)

t=60mm(Inner vac. wall)t=100mm(End plate)

2000tons

Fixed Fixed

2000tons

x0.3G

Fixed Fixed

9mm

125MPa

Material: SUS304

Cryostat

17

2mm+No Corr 20mm+No corr10cm 5cm

(-0.55) - 0 (-0.3) - (+0.25) (+0.2) - (+2) (+4) - (+18)Barrel 5 layers 5 layers 5 layers 5 layers

Yoke End 6 layers 6 layers 8 layers 7 layersWidth(Half) 7.45m 7.14m 8.45m 7.7m

B.Yoke(tons) 7900 7600 9100 7950E.Yoke(tons) 2000x2 2000x2 2450x2 2250x2

Detector(tons) 3000 3000 3000 3000Total(tons) 14900 14600 17000 15450

Cryostat Inner radius 3.72m 3.72m 3.72m 3.72mOuter radius 4.4m 4.4m 4.4m 4.4mHalf length 4.75m 4.64m 5.25m 5.0m

Weight(tons) 191 186 211 201Coil Mean radius 4.0m 4.0m 4.0m 4.0m

Half length 4.43m 4.32m 4.93m 4.63mWeight(tons) 78 76 82 77

3T 3T 3T 3T2880 2812 4586 turns 4306turns

741A/mm2 741A/mm2 741A/mm2 741A/mm2

7956A 8159A 5338A 5338A1.60GJ 1.56GJ 1.77GJ 1.67GJ

Uniformity(mm)

Stored Energy

Central magnetic field

Nominal current

# of turns(2 layers)

Current density

2mm+Corr. Coil10cm

Config.Air Gap

Conclusion

H-CalSolenoid

Main track

EM-CalIron Yoke

Moun

t=50mm

2 layers

Solenoid Magnet

2 layers4 layers

- 2 layers coil + 4 layers coil(L=500mm at both ends).- Same current density.-Power supply for the correction coil is not necessary.

50cm

18

Next step

Urgent! Assembly procedure Required space for detector hall

Solenoid Coil support Solenoid support Assembly/Installation, etc.

Iron Yoke Support structure for barrel/end yoke Easy/quick access device Construction procedure Design support structure for inner detector

Other items

19

20

SolenoidIron Yoke

B=3T

Coil/superconductor design - Optimize coil configuration 2 layers coil+ Al support cylinder + Correction coil? → Calculation: Magnetic force on the coil - Superconductor design Conductor size, Material(Al?, Cu?) → Calculation: Load line, Quench simulationCoil support system - Configuration(Rod?, triangle shape?, string?), size? → Calculation: De-centering/shifted force Self-weight, Thermal load Coil supports have to withstand these forces.Cryostat design - Calculate required wall thickness. Calorimeter is supported on the inner vacuum wall. - How support?Assembly/Installation - Assembling procedure. - How install/support the solenoid into the yoke.Cooling schemeThermal designCryogenics systemPower Supply

Task list for MagnetTask list for Magnet

Tesla

Correction coil

R4.

0m

21

Magnetic field calculation - Optimize iron yoke configuration Field uniformity<2mm +Correction coil Try to loose amount of ironSupport structure for iron yoke (barrel yoke/end yoke) How support the yoke against forces. Fixture, Bolts? Configuration, Size → Calculation: Self-weight, magnetic force, seismic force? The size of support → Minimize as possibleYoke assembling Size/Weight of one layer(plate) → Out of (Fabrication, transportation,crane?) limit. → Assembled from several piece of segments.Segment configuration with keeping stiffness as complete one structure has to be considered.Construction Make a construction procedure → Easy/quick construction with high assembling accuracy. Adjust way to the beam line/levelMaintenance procedures Design: Easy/quick access mechanism to the inner detector. Design support structure for inner detector

Cable

Earthquake

Self-weight

Mag. force

Solenoid

Barrel Yoke

BUniformity

Task list for Iron YokeTask list for Iron Yoke

Tesla

End Yoke

22

Priority

Magnetic field calculation

- Optimize iron yoke configuration 1

Field uniformity<2mm +Correction coil

Support structure for iron yoke (barrel yoke/end yoke)

Fixture, Bolts? Configuration, Size 1

How support the yoke against the following forces.

→ Calculation: Self-weight, magnetic force, seismic force? 1

Yoke assembling

Size/Weight of one layer(plate)

→ Out of (Fabrication, transportation,crane?) limit.

→ Assembled from several piece of segments. 2

Make an engineering drawing

- Rough 2

- Detail 3

Construction

Make a construction procedure

→ Easy/quick construction with high assembling accuracy. 3

Adjust way to the beam line/level 3

Maintenance procedures 3

Design: Easy/quick access mechanism to the inner detector. 2

Design support structure for inner detector 3

Estimation of required space for; 2

- Coil winding

- Cryogenic system

- Yoke assembling.

Required crane capacity 2

Task list for the Iron YokePriority

Coil/superconductor design

- Optimize coil configuration 1

2 layers coil+ Al support cylinder + Correction coil?

→ Calculation: Magnetic force on the coil 1

- Superconductor design

Conductor size, Material(Al?, Cu?) 1

→ Calculation: Load line, Quench simulation 2,3

Coil support system

- Configuration(Rod?, triangle shape?, string?), size? 3

- Calculation: De-centering/shifted force 2

Cryostat design

- Calculate required wall thickness. 1

Calorimeter is supported on the inner vacuum wall.

- Supprt structure 2

Make an engineering drawing

- Rough 2

- Detail 3

Assembly/Installation

- Assembling procedure. 2

- How install/support the magnet into iron yoke. 3

Cooling scheme 3

Thermal design 2

Cryogenics system 3

Power Supply 3

Task list for the solenoid magnet

23

Max. 8.5mm

208MPa>120MPa

Fixed(Edge)

Stress/deformation of End Yoke