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Annotated Bibliography

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WHAT IS AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY? An annotated bibliography is a list of

citations to different written works (i.e., books, articles, and documents). Each citation is followed by a brief summary (usually about 150 words) that describes and evaluates the work (the annotation). The purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the findings of the work, relevance, accuracy, and quality of the source.

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Requirements Minimum of 25 citations

10 books (from a range of years) 10-15 journal articles Up to 5 unpublished reports

All citations must be academic/scholarly

Annotations must be critical

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What is an academic source? Look for the following clues to help

you decide if a source is academic or "scholarly":

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Clues written by experts: while

journalists are expert writers, scholarly articles are written by experts in a particular field like anthropology, literature, medicine, law, etc..  An author's credentials (PhD, MD, etc.) and affiliation (university, laboratory, hospital, etc.) should be listed. 

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Clues cites many sources: just linking

to other websites or suggesting further reading is not enough--the author must have supported their new research with other peoples' research.

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Clues "peer-reviewed" or "refereed": 

when an article is peer-reviewed or refereed it is reviewed by other experts in the field to make sure the research was done properly.  You might not be able to tell from an individual article if it has been peer-reviewed--in many databases you can use the “refine search” feature to help narrow your search to academic sources but you will still need to make sure the articles you select meet the other criteria above.

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ANNOTATIONS VS. ABSTRACTS

Abstracts are the purely descriptive summaries often found at the beginning of scholarly journal articles or in periodical indexes. Annotations are descriptive and critical; they expose the author's point of view, clarity and appropriateness of expression, and authority.

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What use is a annotated Bibliography?

Often in a graduate program you have to write a thesis or dissertation. The first stage of the process is choosing a research topic, then you must familiarize yourself with the literature on that subject so you can develop a research question and method of answering the question.

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The Importance of Working with Literature

Working with literature is an essential part of a research process that:

generates ideas helps form significant questions Provides a benchmark for comparing

results from other studies

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Purpose The following chart is one that I

show my graduate students to help them understand the research process. In this class you will focus only on the first two branches of flow chart.

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Working with literature

Working with Working with LiteratureLiterature

Working with Working with LiteratureLiterature

Find it!Find it!Find it!Find it! Manage it!Manage it!Manage it!Manage it! Use it!Use it!Use it!Use it! Review it!Review it!Review it!Review it!

Knowing the literature types

Knowing the literature types

Reading efficientlyReading efficiently Choosing your research topic

Choosing your research topic

Understanding the lit review’s purpose

Understanding the lit review’s purpose

Using available resources

Using available resources

Keeping track of references

Keeping track of references

Developing your question

Developing your question

Ensuring adequate coverage

Ensuring adequate coverage

Honing your search skills

Honing your search skills

Writing relevant annotations

Writing relevant annotations

Arguing your rationale

Arguing your rationale

Informing your work with theory

Informing your work with theory

Designing methodDesigning method

Writing purposefullyWriting purposefully

Working on style and tone

Working on style and tone

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Finding the literatureMake sure you find a broad range of literature. Don’t just look at www.jstor.org. They don’t have all the relevant journals. Use a variety of databases to find timely and relevant material.

For example:Social Science Citation Index Academic Search Premier

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Finding literature

Don’t go it alone!!When looking for literature be sure to call on the experts such as: librarians other researchers practitioners

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Mapping the literature

(in)Equality in the Judicial (in)Equality in the Judicial SystemSystem

(in)Equality in the Judicial (in)Equality in the Judicial SystemSystem

RaceRaceRaceRace GenderGenderGenderGender EconomicEconomicEconomicEconomic OtherOtherOtherOther

White v. non-whiteWhite v. non-white Threat perceptionThreat perception representationrepresentation AgeAge

Minority SpecificMinority Specific Judicial perceptionJudicial perception OccupationOccupation cultureculture

Minority v. Minority.Minority v. Minority.Access to resourcesAccess to resources

Status Status

Judicial electionsJudicial elections

Stages of the Process

Stages of the Process

sexualitysexuality

nationalitynationality

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Intersecting Areas of Literature

BODY PIERCING

▪

TEENAGERS

▪

RITES OF PASSAGE

▪

FOUCAULT

▪

▪ background literature

moderate relevance

high relevance

highest relevance

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Annotating SourcesAnnotating your sources provides you with a record of relevant literature. It should include:

the citation The problem and purpose of the study Brief information about the sample/population, etc. Key results critical commentary notes on relevance that remind you of the

significance, accuracy, and quality of the source Methodology (i.e., quantitative; qualitative)

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Strategies for doing an annotated bibliography

What technique will you use to assemble a sample of the relevant literature.

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Strategies for a Review of the LiteratureTechniques to assemble a sampling frame of the

literature1. nonsystematic browsing (snowball technique)2. systematic-catalogue/databases; journal indexes

Types of Samples1. complete inventory (beyond the scope of this class)2. representative review of the literature

- pertinent to the problem- bears directly on the problem- major articles (i.e., highly cited)- major and conflicting ideas, viewpoints, facts,

opinions- a balance of all of these things

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One more thing

I will also need a photocopy of the cover page of the books you are examining and the first page of the journal article.

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One more thing (really)

You also need a one page introduction that briefly describes the literature you found (i.e., patterns, contradictions, etc.).