1 air quality information session indiana department of environmental management august 18, 2010

1

Air Quality Information Session

Indiana Department of Environmental Management

August 18, 2010

2

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)

3

Revised NAAQS

FormerStandard

CurrentStandard

Proposed Standard

DesignationsEffective

Nitrogen DioxideNO2 (ppb) 53

(annual basis)100

(hourly basis) N/A Feb 2012

Sulfur Dioxide SO2 (ppb) 140 (daily)

30 (annual)75

(hourly basis) N/A Jul 2012

Ozone O3 (ppm)

0.08 (8 hr avg)0.075

(8 hr avg)0.060 - 0.070

(8 hr avg) Aug 2011

Fine Particles PM2.5 (ug/m3) 65 (daily)

15 (annual)35 (daily)

15 (annual)30 - 33 (daily)

11 - 14 (annual) Dec 2013

Carbon MonoxideCO (ppm) N/A

9 (8 hour)35 (1 hour)

3-6 (8 hour)5-15 (1 hour) June 2011

LeadPb (ug/m3)

1.5 (calendar quarterly)

0.15 (rolling 3 mo avg) N/A Nov 2010

4

Anticipated NAAQS Implementation Milestones

NAAQS Promulgation

Date

DesignationsEffective

(approx. date)

110(a) SIPsDue

(3 yrs after promulgation)

Attainment Demonstration

Due

AttainmentDate

Fine Particles PM2.5 (2006)Sep 2006 Dec 2009 Sep 2009 Nov 2012

Nov 2014/2019

Lead (Pb) Oct 2008 2010/2011 Oct 2011 2012/2013Nov

2015/2016

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

(primary)Jan 2010 Feb 2012 Jan 2013 Aug 2013 Feb 2017

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) (primary) Jun 2010 Jul 2012 Jun 2013 Jan 2014 Jul 2017

Ozone (O3) Aug 2010 Aug 2011 Aug 2013 Dec 2013 Dec 2017

Carbon Monoxide (CO) May 2011 Jun 2013 May 2014 Dec 2014 May 2018

Fine Particles PM2.5 (2010)

Nov 2010 Dec 2013 Oct 2014 Dec 2016Dec

2018/2023

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) (secondary)

Mar 2012 Apr 2014 Mar 2015 Oct 2015 N/A

5

Lead Trends 1990-2009

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

µg

/m3 )

Central Southeast Northwest 1978 Lead Standard 2008 Lead Standard

6

October 15, 2008: U.S. EPA announced a new lead standard set

at 0.15 µg/m3 as a three month rolling

average.

Indiana’s ProposedNonattainment Area for Lead Based on

2007-2009 Monitoring Data

Allen

Jay

Lake

Knox

Vigo

White

Jasper

Cass

Clay

Laporte

Pike

Rush

Parke

Grant

Greene

Perry

Ripley

Clark

Noble

Gibson

Porter

Wells

Posey

Elkhart

Owen

Henry

Boone

Miami

Jackson

Putnam

Dubois

Shelby

Pulaski Fulton

Marion

Wayne

Clinton

Sullivan

Harrison

Benton Carroll

Daviess Martin

Orange

Kosciusko

Monroe

Morgan

Madison

Newton

Marshall

Warrick

Wabash

Warren

Brown

DeKalb

Franklin

Adams

Starke

Spencer

Decatur

Randolph

Lawrence

Whitley

FountainHamilton

Washington

St. Joseph

Tippecanoe

Tipton

Jennings

Delaware

Hendricks

Lagrange

Montgomery

Jefferson

Steuben

Howard

Johnson

Scott

Hancock

Crawford

DearbornBartholomew

Fayette Union

Floyd

Switzerland

Ohio

Ve

rmill

ion

Vander-burgh

Legend

Attainment/Unclassifiable

Attainment Based On Monitoring Data

DelawareCounty

0 5025 mi

0 5025 km

0 105 mi

0 105 km

µMapped By: B. Callahan, Office of Air Quality

Date: 06/16/2010

Non Orthophotography Data - Obtained from the State of Indiana GeographicalInformation Office Library and Office of Air Quality

Map Projection: UTM Zone 16 N Map Datum: NAD83Location of Indiana's Proposed Lead Nonattainment Area

7

New Lead Monitoring Requirements

• New source-oriented lead monitors at sources ≥ 1.0 tons per year actual emissions.– Four monitors in Indiana were added in

Delaware, Lake (2) and Porter counties. • Second round of designation recommendations

based on these new monitors are due to U.S. EPA in December 2010.

8

8-Hour CO Trends 1990-2009

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year

par

ts p

er m

illio

n

Northwest Northeast Central Southwest Current Standard

9

1-Hour CO Trends 1990-2009

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year

par

ts p

er m

illio

n

Northwest Northeast Central Southwest Current Standard

10

U.S. EPA scheduled to announced a revised CO standard in October 2010 likely within a range of

3-6 ppm.

CO Design Values Based on 2007-2009

Monitoring Data

Current 8-hour Standard at 9 ppm

Legend

CO Monitor less than 9 ppm

County Boundary

Date: 04/29/2010

Map Projection: UTM Zone 16 NMap Datum: NAD83

0 5025 mi

0 5025 km

Indpls - N. Illinois St.3.50 ppm

Evansville - Lloyd1.87 ppm

Indpls - E. 16th St.1.73 ppm

Indpls - Washington Park

Fort Wayne - Career Center2.47 ppm

East Chicago - Post Office2.93 ppm

Carbon Monoxide Monitors

Mapped By: B. Callahan, Office of Air Quality

Note: Washington Park monitor began monitoring on 1/10/2010

11

PM2.5 24-Hour Trends1999-2009

Annual monitoring for PM2.5 did not begin until 1999.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year

Northwest North NortheastCentral West Central SouthwestSoutheast 1997 PM 2.5 24-Hour Standard 2006 PM 2.5 24-Hour Standard

12

PM2.5 Annual Trends1999-2009

Annual monitoring for PM2.5 did not begin until 1999Note: The Hammond-Purdue monitor had an exceedance of the standard in 2009 but the three-year design value is still well below the standard.

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

µg

/m3 )

Central Southwest Southeast Northwest Current Standard at 15 ug/m3 Potential Range of New PM2.5 Standard

13

March 15, 2010: U.S. EPA announced a potential revised annual

PM2.5 standard with a range of 11-14 µg/m3.

!

!

!

!

!

!

!!

!

!

!

!

!!!

! !

!

!! !

!

!

!

!

!

!!!

!

!

!

Allen

Jay

Lake

Knox

Vigo

White

Jasper

Cass

Clay

Laporte

Pike

Rush

Parke

Grant

Greene

Perry

Ripley

Clark

Noble

Gibson

Porter

Wells

Posey

Elkhart

Owen

Henry

Boone

Miami

Jackson

Putnam

Dubois

Shelby

Pulaski Fulton

Marion

Wayne

Clinton

Sullivan

Harrison

Benton Carroll

Daviess Martin

Orange

Kosciusko

Monroe

Morgan

Madison

Newton

Marshall

Warrick

Wabash

Warren

Brown

DeKalb

Franklin

Adams

Starke

Spencer

Decatur

Randolph

Lawrence

Whitley

Fountain Hamilton

Washington

St. Joseph

TippecanoeTipton

Jennings

Delaware

Hendricks

Lagrange

Montgomery

Jefferson

Steuben

Howard

Johnson

Scott

Huntington

Hancock

Crawford

DearbornBartholomew

FayetteUnion

Floyd

Switzerland

Ohio

Ver

mill

ion

Vander-burgh µ

Mapped By: A. Bukarica, Office of Air QualityDate: 06/15/2010


Map Projection: UTM Zone 16 N Map Datum: NAD83

0 5025 mi

0 5025 km

Evansville - U. of E.13.1

Lafayette - Greenbush St.11.8

Mechanicsburg11.7

Griffith12.0

Hammond - Clark HS12.3

Charlestown St. Park (2)12.1

Dale12.6

Jeffersonville - Walnut St.14.6

Evansville - Buena Vista13.1

Bloomington - Binford (1)10.6

Terre Haute - Devaney12.3

Kokomo12.0

Indpls - West 18th St.14.3

Indpls - E. Michigan St.13.8

Gary - Madison St.13.0

Fort Wayne - Beacon St.12.0

Jasper - Post Office13.2

New Albany13.1

Anderson - W. 5th St.12.3

Muncie - Central HS12.0

Elkhart - Prairie St.12.6

Evansville - Post Office12.9

Oakland City (2)11.2

Southwest Ag Center12.3

Terre Haute - Lafayette Ave.12.8

Hammond - Purdue13.8

Ogden Dunes12.0

East Chicago - Franklin Sch.12.6

S. Bend - Shields Dr.11.8

Michigan City - Marsh Elem.11.2

Indpls - Washington Park13.6

S. Bend - Nuner Sch.11.6

Notes:(1) - Site began operation in 2009.(2) - Site began operation in 2008.- Values posted are in units of ug/m3.- Based on 2007-2009 data.

Legend

! PM2.5 Design Value Less Than 15.1 ug/m3

G PM2.5 Design Value Equal to or Greater Than 15.1 ug/m3

Attainment

Nonattainment

Redesignation Pending

PM2.5 Design Values Based on 2007-2009

Monitoring Data

Current Standard at 15 µg/m3

14




Monitoring Data

Potential Standard (Upper End) at

14 µg/m3

Allen

Jay

Lake

Knox

Vigo

White

Jasper

Cass

Clay

Laporte

Pike

Rush

Parke

Grant

Greene

Perry

Ripley

Clark

Noble

Gibson

Porter

Wells

Posey

Elkhart

Owen

Henry

Boone

Miami

Jackson

Putnam

Dubois

Shelby

Pulaski Fulton

Marion

Wayne

Clinton

Sullivan

Harrison

Benton Carroll

Daviess Martin

Orange

Kosciusko

Monroe

Morgan

Madison

Newton

Marshall

Warrick

Wabash

Warren

Brown

DeKalb

Franklin

Adams

Starke

Spencer

Decatur

Randolph

Lawrence

Whitley

Fountain Hamilton

Washington

St. Joseph

TippecanoeTipton

Jennings

Delaware

Hendricks

Lagrange

Montgomery

Jefferson

Steuben

Howard

Johnson

Scott

Huntington

Hancock

Crawford

DearbornBartholomew

FayetteUnion

Floyd

Switzerland

Ohio

Black

ford

Ve

rmill

ion

Vander-burgh




0 5025 mi

0 5025 km



Mechanicsburg11.7

Griffith12.0



Dale12.6





Kokomo12.0






New Albany13.1









Ogden Dunes12.0







Legend

PM2.5 Design Values Less Than 14.1 ug/m3

PM2.5 Design Values Equal to or Greater Than 14.1 ug/m3

Attainment

Below Upper End of Potential Standard

Above Upper End of Potential Standard

15




Monitoring Data

Potential Standard (Lower End) at

11 µg/m3

Allen

Jay

Lake

Knox

Vigo

White

Jasper

Cass

Clay

Laporte

Pike

Rush

Parke

Grant

Greene

Perry

Ripley

Clark

Noble

Gibson

Porter

Wells

Posey

Elkhart

Owen

Henry

Boone

Miami

Jackson

Putnam

Dubois

Shelby

Pulaski Fulton

Marion

Wayne

Clinton

Sullivan

Harrison

Benton Carroll

Daviess Martin

Orange

Kosciusko

Monroe

Morgan

Madison

Newton

Marshall

Warrick

Wabash

Warren

Brown

DeKalb

Franklin

Adams

Starke

Spencer

Decatur

Randolph

Lawrence

Whitley

Fountain Hamilton

Washington

St. Joseph

TippecanoeTipton

Jennings

Delaware

Hendricks

Lagrange

Montgomery

Jefferson

Steuben

Howard

Johnson

Scott

Huntington

Hancock

Crawford

DearbornBartholomew

FayetteUnion

Floyd

Switzerland

Ohio

Black

ford

Ve

rmill

ion

Vander-burgh




0 5025 mi

0 5025 km



Mechanicsburg11.7

Griffith12.0



Dale12.6





Kokomo12.0






New Albany13.1









Ogden Dunes12.0







Legend

PM2.5 Design Value Less Than 11.1 ug/m3

PM2.5 Design Value Equal to or Greater Than 11.1 ug/m3

Unclassifiable

Above Lower End of Potential Standard

Below Lower End of Potential Standard

16

Annual NO2 Trends 1990-2009

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

pp

m)

Central Southwest Southeast Northwest Current Standard

17

1-Hour NO2 Trends 1990-2009

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year

par

ts p

er m

illio

n

Northwest Central Southwest

Note: The new 1-hour NO2 standard set at 0.100 ppm was not established until 2010 and is not shown on this graph

18

Franklin Rd, Chicago NO2 Monitor DataOnly monitor in the country that is over the 1-hour NO2 standard.

0.050

0.060

0.070

0.080

0.090

0.100

0.110

0.120

2000-2002 2001-2003 2002-2004 2003-2005 2004-2006 2005-2007 2006-2008 2007-2009

17-031-0063 1-hour NO2 Standard

19

January 22, 2010:U.S. EPA announced a new NO2 standard set

at 100 ppb and retained the annual

NO2 standard set at 53 ppb.

NO2 Design Values Based on


!

!

!

!

!

Allen

Jay

Lake

Knox

Vigo

White

Jasper

Cass

Clay

Laporte

Pike

Rush

Parke

Grant

Greene

Perry

Ripley

Clark

Noble

Gibson

Porter

Wells

Posey

Elkhart

Owen

Henry

Boone

Miami

Jackson

Putnam

Dubois

Shelby

Pulaski Fulton

Marion

Wayne

Clinton

Sullivan

Harrison

Benton Carroll

Daviess Martin

Orange

Kosciusko

Monroe

Morgan

Madison

Newton

Marshall

Warrick

Wabash

Warren

Brown

DeKalb

Franklin

Adams

Starke

Spencer

Decatur

Randolph

Lawrence

Whitley

FountainHamilton

Washington

St. Joseph

Tippecanoe

Tipton

Jennings

Delaware

Hendricks

Lagrange

Montgomery

Jefferson

Steuben

Howard

Johnson

Scott

Hancock

Crawford

Bartholomew

Fayette Union

Floyd

Switzerland

Hun

tingt

on

Dearborn

Ve

rmill

ion

Ohio

Vander-burgh

Blackford

Mapped By: A. Bukarica, Office of Air Quality

Date: 06/18/2010



Legend

! NO2 Design Value Less Than 101 ppb.

G NO2 Design Value Equal to or Greater Than 101 ppb.

Attainment/Unclassifiable

µ0 25 5012.5 km

0 25 5012.5 mi

Gary - IITRI50

Indpls. - E. 16th St.44

S. Bend - Shields Dr.32

Evansville - Buena Vista35

ID# 18-063-0002 (1) (2)40

Notes:(1) - Site discontinued March in 2009.(2) - Source-oriented monitor.- Values posted are in units of parts per billion.- Based on 2007-2009 data.

20

New NO2 Monitoring Requirements

• Near-Road Monitors– Within 50 meters from edge of selected major

roads (based on annual average daily traffic).– Potential issues: road grades, noise barriers,

air flow, access to monitor.– Start operating January 1, 2013.

21

Indiana Counties Required to have

U.S. EPA NO2 Roadside Monitors

Allen

Jay

Lake

Knox

Vigo

White

Jasper

Cass

Clay

Laporte

Pike

Rush

Parke

Grant

Greene

Perry

Ripley

Clark

Noble

Gibson

Porter

Wells

Posey

Elkhart

Owen

Henry

Boone

Miami

Jackson

Putnam

Dubois

Shelby

Pulaski Fulton

Marion

Wayne

Clinton

Sullivan

Harrison

Benton Carroll

Daviess Martin

Orange

Kosciusko

Monroe

Morgan

Madison

Newton

Marshall

Warrick

Wabash

Warren

Brown

DeKalb

Franklin

Adams

Starke

Spencer

Decatur

Randolph

Lawrence

Whitley

FountainHamilton

Washington

St. Joseph

Tippecanoe

Tipton

Jennings

Delaware

Hendricks

Lagrange

Montgomery

Jefferson

Steuben

Howard

Johnson

Scott

Hancock

Crawford

Bartholomew

Fayette Union

Floyd

Switzerland

Ver

mill

ion

Ohio

Vander-burgh


Date: 06/16/2010



Legend

Counties w/o an NO2 Roadside Monitor

Counties with an NO2 Roadside Monitor

µ0 25 5012.5 km

0 25 5012.5 mi

22

8-Hour Ozone Trends 1990-2009

0.055

0.065

0.075

0.085

0.095

0.105

0.115

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

pp

m)

Central Southwest Southeast 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standard

2008 8-Hour Ozone Standard Proposed Standard at 0.060 ppm Proposed Standard at 0.065 ppm Proposed Standard at 0.070 ppm

23

March 12, 2008:U.S. EPA announced a

new 8-hour ozone standard set at 0.075 ppm.

Allen

Jay

Lake

Knox

Vigo

White

Jasper

Cass

Clay

Laporte

Pike

Rush

Parke

Grant

Greene

Perry

Ripley

Clark

Noble

Gibson

Porter

Wells

Posey

Elkhart

Owen

Henry

Boone

Miami

Jackson

Putnam

Dubois

Shelby

Pulaski Fulton

Marion Wayne

Clinton

Sullivan

Harrison

Benton Carroll

Daviess Martin

Orange

Kosciusko

Monroe

Morgan

Madison

Marshall

Warrick

Wabash

Warren

Brown

DeKalb

Franklin

Adams

Starke

Spencer

Decatur

Randolph

Lawrence

Whitley

Fountain Hamilton

Washington

St. Joseph

Tippecanoe Tipton

Jennings

Delaware

Hendricks

Lagrange

Montgomery

Jefferson

Steuben

Howard

Johnson

Scott

Hancock

Crawford

DearbornBartholomew

FayetteUnion

Floyd

SwitzerlandOhio

Ve

rmill

ion

Legend

Values posted are in units of ppm.

Ozone Design Value Less Than 0.076 ppm.

Ozone Design Value Greater Than Or Equal To 0.076 ppm.

County With Ozone Design Value(s) Less 0.076 ppm or no data.

County With Ozone Design Value(s) Greater Than Or Equal To 0.076 ppm.

Mapped By:B. Callahan, OAQ Date: 06/14/2010

Sources: Non-Orthophotography Data Obtainedfrom the State of Indiana Geographical InformationOffice and Office of Air Quality.


0 5025 mi

0 5025 km

Indpls - Harding St.0.070

St. Philips0.072

Flora0.068

Fortville0.074

Potato Creek St. Park0.066

Whiting - HS0.070

Charlestown St. Park0.077

Gary - IITRI0.068

Dayville0.064

Leopold0.072


Brownstown0.070

Noblesville - 10th St.0.076

Sandcut0.066

Indpls - E. 16th St.0.070

Indpls - Ft. Harrison0.077


Leo0.069

Boonville0.072

New Albany0.073

Trafalgar0.073

Fairland0.075

Emporia0.069

Albany0.069

Roanoke0.066

Bristol0.070

Inglefield0.076

Lynnville0.069

Plummer0.074


Monrovia0.074

Avon0.072

Whitestown0.075

LaPorte - E. Lincolnway0.068

Valparaiso0.068

Ogden Dunes0.073

Hammond 141st St.0.070

S. Bend - Shield Dr.0.061

Michigan City - 4th St.0.066

Granger0.071

Based on 2007 - 2009 ozone data.

Washington Park0.067

Note: Indpls - Washington Park monitor based on 1-yr of data.

VanderburghCounty

Ozone Design Values Based on 2007-2009

Monitoring Data

Current Standard at 0.075 ppm

24

Allen

Jay

Lake

Knox

Vigo

White

Jasper

Cass

Clay

Laporte

Pike

Rush

Parke

Grant

Greene

Perry

Ripley

Clark

Noble

Gibson

Porter

Wells

Posey

Elkhart

Owen

Henry

Boone

Miami

Jackson

Putnam

Dubois

Shelby

Pulaski Fulton

Marion Wayne

Clinton

Sullivan

Harrison

Benton Carroll

Daviess Martin

Orange

Kosciusko

Monroe

Morgan

Madison

Marshall

Warrick

Wabash

Warren

Brown

DeKalb

Franklin

Adams

Starke

Spencer

Decatur

Randolph

Lawrence

Whitley

Fountain Hamilton

Washington

St. Joseph

Tippecanoe Tipton

Jennings

Delaware

Hendricks

Lagrange

Montgomery

Jefferson

Steuben

Howard

Johnson

Scott

Hancock

Crawford

DearbornBartholomew

FayetteUnion

Floyd

SwitzerlandOhio

Ver

mill

ion

Legend









0 5025 mi

0 5025 km


St. Philips0.072

Flora0.068

Fortville0.074


Whiting - HS0.070


Gary - IITRI0.068

Dayville0.064

Leopold0.072


Brownstown0.070


Sandcut0.066




Leo0.069

Boonville0.072

New Albany0.073

Trafalgar0.073

Fairland0.075

Emporia0.069

Albany0.069

Roanoke0.066

Bristol0.070

Inglefield0.076

Lynnville0.069

Plummer0.074


Monrovia0.074

Avon0.072

Whitestown0.075


Valparaiso0.068

Ogden Dunes0.073




Granger0.071




VanderburghCounty

January 6, 2010:U.S. EPA announced reconsideration of the

2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS

(Proposed range of 0.060-0.070 ppm).


Monitoring Data

Proposed Standard at 0.070 ppm

25

Allen

Jay

Lake

Knox

Vigo

White

Jasper

Cass

Clay

Laporte

Pike

Rush

Parke

Grant

Greene

Perry

Ripley

Clark

Noble

Gibson

Porter

Wells

Posey

Elkhart

Owen

Henry

Boone

Miami

Jackson

Putnam

Dubois

Shelby

Pulaski Fulton

Marion Wayne

Clinton

Sullivan

Harrison

Benton Carroll

Daviess Martin

Orange

Kosciusko

Monroe

Morgan

Madison

Marshall

Warrick

Wabash

Warren

Brown

DeKalb

Franklin

Adams

Starke

Spencer

Decatur

Randolph

Lawrence

Whitley

Fountain Hamilton

Washington

St. Joseph

Tippecanoe Tipton

Jennings

Delaware

Hendricks

Lagrange

Montgomery

Jefferson

Steuben

Howard

Johnson

Scott

Hancock

Crawford

DearbornBartholomew

FayetteUnion

Floyd

SwitzerlandOhio

Ve

rmill

ion

Legend









0 5025 mi

0 5025 km


St. Philips0.072

Flora0.068

Fortville0.074


Whiting - HS0.070


Gary - IITRI0.068

Dayville0.064

Leopold0.072


Brownstown0.070


Sandcut0.066




Leo0.069

Boonville0.072

New Albany0.073

Trafalgar0.073

Fairland0.075

Emporia0.069

Albany0.069

Roanoke0.066

Bristol0.070

Inglefield0.076

Lynnville0.069

Plummer0.074


Monrovia0.074

Avon0.072

Whitestown0.075


Valparaiso0.068

Ogden Dunes0.073




Granger0.071




VanderburghCounty

Ozone Design Values Based on






26

Allen

Jay

Lake

Knox

Vigo

White

Jasper

Cass

Clay

Laporte

Pike

Rush

Parke

Grant

Greene

Perry

Ripley

Clark

Noble

Gibson

Porter

Wells

Posey

Elkhart

Owen

Henry

Boone

Miami

Jackson

Putnam

Dubois

Shelby

Pulaski Fulton

Marion Wayne

Clinton

Sullivan

Harrison

Benton Carroll

Daviess Martin

Orange

Kosciusko

Monroe

Morgan

Madison

Marshall

Warrick

Wabash

Warren

Brown

DeKalb

Franklin

Adams

Starke

Spencer

Decatur

Randolph

Lawrence

Whitley

Fountain Hamilton

Washington

St. Joseph

Tippecanoe Tipton

Jennings

Delaware

Hendricks

Lagrange

Montgomery

Jefferson

Steuben

Howard

Johnson

Scott

Hancock

Crawford

DearbornBartholomew

FayetteUnion

Floyd

SwitzerlandOhio

Ve

rmill

ion




0 5025 mi

0 5025 km


St. Philips0.072

Flora0.068

Fortville0.074


Whiting - HS0.070


Gary - IITRI0.068

Dayville0.064

Leopold0.072


Brownstown0.070


Sandcut0.066




Leo0.069

Boonville0.072

New Albany0.073

Trafalgar0.073

Fairland0.075

Emporia0.069

Albany0.069

Roanoke0.066

Bristol0.070

Inglefield0.076

Lynnville0.069

Plummer0.074


Monrovia0.074

Avon0.072

Whitestown0.075


Valparaiso0.068

Ogden Dunes0.073




Granger0.071




VanderburghCounty

Legend




County With Ozone Design Value(s) Less 0.061 ppm.


County With Ozone Design Value(s) Less Than 0.061 ppm or no data.


Monitoring Data





27

Proposed Accelerated Implementation Timeline for Ozone

Deadline Milestone

August 31, 2010 Signature - Final Rule

January 2011 State designation recommendations due to U.S. EPA

August 2011 Final Designations will be effective no later than August 2011

December 2013 Attainment Demonstration SIPs due to U.S. EPA

2014-2031 Attainment Dates (depends on severity of problem)

U.S. EPA is planning to propose an implementation rule in Summer 2010 and issue a final rule as quickly as possible after the final ozone NAAQS is established.

28

Ozone Designation Classifications

•U.S. EPA has stated that all nonattainment areas for the 2010 ozone standard will be designated under Subpart 2.

•Moderate and above areas would require additional control measures such as RACT, I/M, ROP, etc.)

•Classification Option #1 “Percent-Above-Standard” method.•At 70 ppb Indiana could have18 marginal areas.•At 60 or 65 ppb Indiana could have 21 marginal areas and 6 moderate areas.

•Classification Option #2 “Ratio of Thresholds” method.•At 70 ppb Indiana could have 15 marginal areas and 4 moderate areas.•At 60 or 65 ppb Indiana could have 12 marginal areas and 15 moderate areas.

29

SO2 Annual Trends1990-2009

Note: The new 1-hour SO2 standard set at 0.075 ppm was not established until 2010 and is not shown on this graph.

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

pp

m)

Central Southwest Southeast

30

June 6, 2010: U.S. EPA announced

a new 1-hour SO2 standard set at

75 ppb.

SO2 Design Values Based on 2007-2009

Monitoring Data

Standard at 75 ppb

Allen

Jay

Lake

Knox

Vigo

White

Jasper

Cass

Clay

Laporte

Pike

RushParke

Grant

Greene

Perry

Ripley

Clark

Noble

Gibson

Porter

Wells

Posey

Elkhart

Owen

Henry

Boone

Miami

Jackson

Putnam

Dubois

Shelby

Pulaski Fulton

MarionWayne

Clinton

Sullivan

Harrison

Benton Carroll

Daviess Martin

Orange

Kosciusko

Monroe

Morgan

Madison

Newton

Marshall

Warrick

Wabash

Warren

Brown

DeKalb

Franklin

Adams

Starke

Spencer

Decatur

Randolph

Lawrence

Whitley

FountainHamilton

Washington

St. Joseph

TippecanoeTipton

Jennings

Delaware

Hendricks

Lagrange

Montgomery

Jefferson

Steuben

Howard

Johnson

Scott

Hancock

Crawford

Bartholomew

FayetteUnion

Floyd

Switzerland

Hun

tingt

on

Dearborn

Ve

rmill

ion

Ohio

Vander-burgh

Black

ford

Legend

Values posted are in units of ppb.SO2 Design Value(s) Less Than 76 ppb.

SO2 Design Value(s) Greater Than Or Equal To 76 ppb.

County With SO2 Design Value(s) Less Than 76 ppb Or No Data.

County With SO2 Design Value(s) Greater Than Or Equal To 76 ppb.


Date: 07/27/2010



0 5025 mi

0 5025 km

ID# 18-109-1001 (1)110

ID# 18-163-1002 (1)28

ID# 18-045-0001 (1)158

Gary - IITRI64

ID# 18-173-0002 (1)84

Indpls. - Harding St. 92

New Albany152

ID# 18-177-0006 (1)93

ID# 18-051-0002 (1)97

ID# 18-027-0002 (1)124

ID# 18-125-0005 (1)190

ID# 18-167-1014 (1)137

ID# 18-127-0011 (1)65

ID# 18-073-0002 (1)66

ID# 18-091-0005 (1)26

Notes: - Based on 2007 - 2009 SO2 data.(1) - Source-oriented Monitor.

ID# 18-063-0002 (1)32

31

SO2 Implementation Timeline

Deadline Milestone

June 2010 U.S. EPA sets new primary SO2 standard

June 2011 States submit designation recommendations, based on available monitoring data and any modeling in advance of submitting their state implementation plans

June 2012 U.S. EPA issue initial designations

January 2013

New monitoring network operational

June 2013 State maintenance or infrastructure plans due to U.S. EPA

February 2014

State plans for basic requirements to implement the revised standards (including appropriate state regulations to carry out monitoring) due to U.S. EPA

August 2017 Attainment and unclassifiable area state implementation plans modeling attainment of the new standard due to U.S. EPA

August 2017 All areas attain the standard

32

SO2 Designations

U.S. EPA anticipates initially designating areas based on 2008-2010 monitoring data.

Designation Criteria

Nonattainment Monitoring data or modeling results shows a violation of the standard

Attainment Both monitoring data and modeling results showing no violation of the standard

Unclassifiable All other areas

33

SO2 SIP Development Process

• IDEM prefers a single SIP development process to meet all obligations since both maintenance SIP and attainment SIP require modeling and rulemaking.– Addresses all obligations.– Conserve resources.– Ensure timely SIP submittals.– Eliminate confusion associated with rulemaking for emission

limitations or controls.– Reduce the burden of additional monitoring.

34

SO2 Modeling Protocol

• Model Fountain and Warrick counties. These two counties currently monitor nonattainment, but should monitor attainment following the installation of Flue-Gas Desulfurization scrubbers (FGDs) at sources in those counties.

• Model those areas that currently show attainment through monitoring data (Lake, Porter, LaPorte, Jasper, Hendricks and Vanderburgh counties).

• Model those areas (Marion and Gibson counties) which show a downward trend in SO2 emissions, still monitor violations, but may reach attainment in the near future.

• Based on results from the above modeling, Indiana will prioritize the remaining sources greater than 100 tons per year and model starting with the largest source or cluster of sources.

• Areas that measure air quality above the standard and are not expected to attain in the near future will not be modeled until Indiana is ready to draft attainment SIPs.

35

Transport Rule

36

Proposed Clean Air Transport Rule

• Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) remains in place until the proposed transport rule is finalized.

• Affects power plants because their emission reductions are most cost-effective.

• Twenty-one states (including Indiana) will be controlled for precursors of both fine particles and ozone.

– Eight states will be controlled for fine particles only and 4 states will be controlled for ozone only.

• Separate requirements for annual SO2 reductions, NOx reductions, ozone-season NOx reductions, and also sets emissions budgets for each state.

• To meet the proposed rule, U.S. EPA anticipates power plants will operate already installed control equipment more frequently, use lower sulfur coal, or install pollution control equipment.

37


• By 2014 the benefits include 71% reduction from 2005 levels in SO2 and 52% reduction from 2005 levels in NOx emissions from power plants.

– 6.3 million tons of SO2 per year.

– 1.4 million tons of NOx per year.

• 300,000 tons of NOx during ozone season.

• SO2 emissions would be limited to 2.6 million tons per year (tpy).

• NOx emissions would be limited to 1.3 million tpy.

– Ozone season NOx emissions will be limited to 600,000 tpy.

• U.S. EPA estimates the annual benefits from the proposed rule range between $120-$290 billion in 2014.

• U.S. EPA estimates annual compliance costs to the power sector at $2.8 billion in 2014.

38


• U.S. EPA is proposing one approach and taking comment on two alternatives. All three approaches would cover the same states, set budgets for each state, and obtain the reductions from power plants.

– U.S. EPA’s preferred approach: allows interstate trading and limited interstate trading among power plants but assures that each state will meet its pollution control obligations.

– First alternative: trading is allowed only among power plants within a state.

– Second alternative: U.S. EPA specifies the allowable emission limit for each power plant and allows some averaging of emission rates.

39


• Proposal includes four separate control regions:– NOx reductions (2012).– Ozone-season NOx reductions (2012).– Annual SO2 reductions.

• Phase I (2012) and Phase II (2014).• Two control groups.

– Group 1: 2012 cap lowers in 2014.– Group 2: 2012 cap only.

• Indiana is in Group 1.– NOx annual and ozone season.– SO2 annual.

40

CAIR Phase 1 CAIR Phase 2 CATR CATR

2009-2014 2015 and Later 2012-2013** 2014 and Later**

NOx Ozone Season 45,952 39,773 49,987 49,987

NOx Annual 108,935 90,779 115,687 115,687

SO2 Annual 254,599* 178,219* 400,378 201,412

Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) Compared to Clean Air Transport Rule (CATR)

(Units in Tons)

SO2 budget is approximate. Budgets were to be 50% reduction of the Acid Rain budget for Phase 1 and 65% for Phase 2.

Excludes interstate trading and eliminates bank of credits.

41


Variability Limits on SO2 Annual Emissions for 2014 and Later for EGUs (tons)

Proposed Alternative

State SO2 Annual Emissions Budget 1-Year Limit 3-Year Average Limit 1-Year Limit 3-Year Average Limit

Indiana 201,412 20,141 11,629 20,141 11,629

Variability Limits on NOX Annual Emissions for 2014 and Later for EGUs (tons)


State NOX Annual Emissions Budget 1-Year Limit 3-Year Average Limit 1-Year Limit 3-Year Average Limit

Indiana 115,687 11,569 6,679 11,569 6,679

Variability Limits on NOX Ozone Emissions for 2014 and Later for EGUs (tons)


State NOX Ozone Season Emissions Budget 1-Year Limit 3-Year Average Limit 1-Year Limit 3-Year Average Limit

Indiana 49,987 4,999 2,886 4,999 2,886

42

Note: Additional control equipment assumed for Clifty Creek and Rockport units Only. Rockport and Wabash would be required to control units to meet the proposed 1-year and 3-year average caps for 2014.

SO2 Emissions 2007 Actual - 2014 Projected (tons/year)

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

Controls installed or committed 664,486 565,452 411,701 379,853 311,737

Add'l equipment installed,unsigned decrees effective

329,915 192,504

Transport Rule Caps 400,378 201,412

2007 2008 2009 2012 2014

43

Note: No new control equipment assumed for 2012 or 2014 (other than those within unsigned decrees). All units predicted to meet the 2014 1-year cap, but Rockport may have difficulty with the proposed 3-year average cap.

NOx Emissions 2007 Actual - 2014 Projected (tons/year)

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

Controls installed or committed 190,366 189,830 102,379 100,655 98,841

Add'l equipment installed, unsigneddecrees effective

99,669 95,802


2007 2008 2009 2012 2014

44

NOx Summer Emissions 2007 Actual - 2014 Projected (tons/year)

-

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

Summer NOx 27,125 30,317 25,175 25,175 25,175


2007 2008 2009 2012 2014

45

LADCO* (Round 5) 8-Hour Ozone Modeling Results for Indiana

2009 2012 2018

Monitor County Site

Average Design Value

Relative Reduction

Factor

Future Year

Design Value (ppm)

Relative Reduction

Factor

Future Year

Design Value (ppm)

Relative Reduction

Factor

Future Year

Design Value (ppm)

Ogden Dunes Porter 181270024 78.3 0.966 0.075 0.953 0.074 0.909 0.071

GrangerSt Joseph 181411007 79.3 0.938 0.074 0.908 0.072 0.825 0.065

Fort Wayne Allen 180030004 74.3 0.939 0.069 0.907 0.067 0.833 0.061

Flora Carroll 180150002 74.3 0.935 0.069 0.901 0.066 0.829 0.061

Fort Harrison Marion 180970050 78.7 0.955 0.075 0.931 0.073 0.879 0.069

Sandcut Vigo 181670024 74.0 0.964 0.071 0.947 0.070 0.869 0.064

Charlestown Clark 180190008 79.0 0.958 0.075 0.939 0.074 0.846 0.066

InglefieldVanderburgh 181630013 67.7 0.955 0.064 0.935 0.063 0.850 0.057

Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium

Highlighted Values are ≥ 0.065 ppm

46

LADCO (Round 5) PM2.5 Annual Modeling Results for Indiana

Monitor County Site

Average Design Value

2009Future Year

Design Value (ug/m3)

2012Future Year


2018Future Year


Hammond-Purdue Lake 180890024 13.9 12.8 12.6 12.5

Elkhart Elkhart 180390008 14.1 12.3 12.1 11.6

Fort Wayne Allen 180030004 13.7 11.8 11.6 11.1

Lafayette Tippecanoe 181570008 13.7 11.7 11.5 11.1

W 18th Street Marion 180970081 16.1 13.4 13.2 12.6

Terre Haute Vigo 180670018 14.0 11.7 11.6 11.2

Jeffersonville Clark 180190006 16.5 13.8 13.7 13.4

Jasper Dubois 180372001 15.2 12.4 12.2 11.8

Highlighted Values are ≥ 12.5 ug/m3

47

PM2.5 Redesignations

• Uncertainty associated with the implementation of CAIR has prevented approval of Indiana’s redesignation requests.– Lack of support for demonstration for continuation of

maintenance. – Areas pending include Central Indiana, Northwest Indiana

and Southwest Indiana. – Southeast Indiana and Lawrenceburg Township will be

submitted in Fall 2010.

• U.S. EPA intends to propose approval of the pending PM2.5 redesignations based on the proposed transport rule.

• Final approval would be issued following finalization of the transport rule in Spring 2011.

48

Schedule for Final Transport Rule

• Proposal signed on July 6, 2010.• Public comment period ends 60 days after

publication in the Federal Register.• Three public hearings will be held.• U.S. EPA will continue to work with states to address

comments and to implement the rule when final.• Final rule expected in late spring 2011.

49

Transport Rule II

• Transport Rule II will address new 2010 ozone standard and likely include ICI boilers.

• Transport Rule II will be the anchor to Indiana’s control programs for the new 2010 ozone standard.

50

Upcoming Regulations

Action Schedule

SO2 NAAQS Final June 2010

Transport Rule Proposed July 6, 2010, Final July 2011

Ozone NAAQS Reconsideration Final August 2010

Utility Boiler NSPS and MACT Proposed March 2011, Final November 2011

Transport Rule II (NOx) Propose Summer 2011, Final Summer 2012

PM2.5 NAAQS Propose Feb 2011, Final October 2011

51

Greenhouse Gases

52

Endangerment Finding

• Supreme Court – Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are air pollutants covered by the Clean Air Act.

• U.S. EPA must determine if GHGs emitted from new motor vehicles cause or contribute to air pollution or if science is too uncertain to make a reasoned decision.

• U.S. EPA issued two findings:– Endangerment Finding.– Cause or Contribute Finding.

• Findings do not impose requirements, but provide a trigger for other regulatory actions.

53

• Final rule published October 30, 2009 (74 FR 56260).• Requires reporting of annual GHG emissions directly to U.S. EPA.• Does not require control of GHG emissions.• Third party verification of emissions data not required.• U.S. EPA estimates around 10,000 facilities are affected:

– 25 source categories.– 5 types of suppliers of fuel and industrial GHGs.– Motor vehicle and engine manufacturers (except light duty sector).

• Emission reporting thresholds of 25,000 metric tons or more of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) per year for most sources.

• Facilities and suppliers to begin collecting data on January 1, 2010.• First emissions report due on March 1, 2011.

GHG Mandatory Reporting Rule

54

• Requires motor vehicle and engine manufacturers to begin reporting carbon dioxide for model year 2011 and other GHGs in subsequent model years.

• Facilities subject to the Acid Rain Program required to continue submitting quarterly reports, in addition to providing annual GHG reports.

• Federal rule does not preempt states from regulating or requiring reporting of GHGs.

• No state delegation.• IDEM can access verified emissions data from U.S. EPA.• Sources no longer required to report if they fall below specific emission

thresholds.

GHG Mandatory Reporting Rule (continued)

55

• Final rule published on June 3, 2010 (75 FR 31514).

• Sets thresholds for GHG emissions under PSD and Title V for new and existing industrial facilities.

– “Tailors” the PSD and Title V requirements to limit number of facilities required to obtain PSD and Title V permits for GHGs.

• Close to 70% of GHG emissions from stationary sources nationally will be subject to this rule (e.g. power plants, refineries, cement production).

– Establishes tiered schedule:

• Largest sources with the most CAA permitting experience first.

• Adds large sources of GHGs not previously covered for other pollutants.

– Emissions from small farms, restaurants, and all but very large commercial facilities not covered at this time.

Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) and Title V GHG Tailoring Rule

56

• Existing CAA permitting program emissions thresholds of 100 and 250 tons per year (tpy) not feasible for GHGs as they are emitted in much higher volumes.

• Existing thresholds would take effect automatically for GHGs on January 2, 2011 without the tailoring rule resulting in a dramatic increase in number of required PSD and Title V permits.

Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) and Title V GHG Tailoring Rule (continued)

57

• Covered Pollutants:– Carbon Dioxide– Methane– Nitrous Oxide– Hydrofluorocarbons– Perfluorocarbons– Sulfur Hexafluroride

• Carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) used to address differences in global warming potentials for each GHG.


58

• Implementation:– January 2, 2011 – June 30, 2011:

• Only applies to new construction or modification projects currently subject to the PSD or Title V permitting programs.

• Increase of net GHG emissions by at least 75,000 tpy CO2e, requires BACT for GHG emissions.

• No sources become subject solely due to GHG emissions.


59

• Implementation:– July 1, 2011 – June 30, 2013

• Applies to new construction projects that emit GHG emissions of at least 100,000 tpy CO2e even if not subject to PSD for another pollutant.

• Modifications at existing facilities that increase GHG emissions by at least 75,000 tpy CO2e even if no other pollutant significantly increases.

• Sources emitting at least 100,000 tpy CO2e subject to Title V.

• Nationally, about 550 new Title V sources due to GHGs (mostly large solid waste landfills, coal mines, oil and gas production, and large industrial sources) and about 900 additional PSD permit actions from increases in GHG emissions.


60

• Implementation:– January 2011 – July 1, 2012

• U.S. EPA plans to initiate another rulemaking on additional steps for phasing in GHG permitting and streamlining future GHG permitting.

• No permits for sources with less than 50,000 tpy CO2e emissions until at least April 30, 2016.

• U.S. EPA will complete study on remaining GHG permitting burdens if applied to small sources by April 30, 2015.

• U.S. EPA working on additional information and guidance in 2010.


61

• U.S. EPA is delaying final action on issuing limited approvals for SIP-approved PSD and Title V programs until it better understands how states plan to implement tailoring rule.

• U.S. EPA requested states submit information by August 2, 2010, to address the following:– Will State apply the meaning of term “subject to regulation” for both

PSD and Title V?– If yes, will State use regulatory or legislative process?– If revising statutes or rules, what is estimated schedule?

• Indiana submitted information on July 23, 2010.– Intend to implement GHG tailoring approach through interpretation

of the meaning of “subject to regulation.”

State Implementation Plan Considerations

62

• Indiana’s PSD and Title V rules must be revised for consistency with GHG applicability thresholds and definitions in final federal rule.– Current permitting thresholds are 100 and 250 tons.– Any GHG emissions increase is significant under current rules and

subject to more stringent permitting requirements• Expedited rulemaking to address federal tailoring approach.

– Section 8 Notice published – mid-August 2010.– 30-day comment period end date – mid-September 2010.– Final rule adopted – November 2010.– Rule effective date – March 2011.– Emergency rule as interim measure may be considered.

Tailoring Indiana’s Rules

63

• Conducting detailed analysis of permitting rules to determine if additional revisions and clarifications are necessary.– Emissions Reporting requirements in 326 IAC 2-6.– Permitting Fees for GHGs.– Permit Applicability issues.

• Rulemaking to address outcomes from a refined evaluation will be initiated in early 2011.

Tailoring Indiana’s Rules (continued)

64

Office of Air Quality Contact Information

Scott Deloney

Branch Chief

[email protected]

(317) 233-5694

Christine Pedersen

Section Chief

[email protected]

(317) 233-5684

Sarah Raymond

Senior Environmental Manager

[email protected]

(317) 232-8449

mailto:[email protected]



1 air quality information session indiana department of environmental management august 18, 2010

Documents