1

2007 Household Budget SurveyResults and Last Year GBS Review

National Bureau of Statistics

November 2008

2

Outline of presentation 2007 HBS Results

Next Step for 2007 HBS

Key achievement since last GBS Review

National Panel Survey

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Sample Designing

Sample Frame was drawn from 2002 Population and Housing Census (EAs), with new HH listing undertaken

Stratified households within EAs based on socio-economic information – low, middle and high income

10, 466 HH were analysed (97%) out of 10,752 HHs

4

Social Sector Indicators:- Demographic, Health and Education

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Demographic Indicators

The average number of household has declined from 4.9 persons per household in 2001 to 4.8 in 2007. (This implies that total fertility rate has also declined from 6.2 children per woman in 2002 to 5.8 in 2007 (THIM, 2007)

Continued rise in female-headed households across strata since 1991

Small increase in proportion of total population and HH heads over 65

6

Female-headed households

14

24

1718

21

28

2223

25

30

2325

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

DSM Other urban Rural Total

1991/92 2000/01 2006/07

7

Health

The 2000/01 and 2007 surveys collected information on whether individuals had been ill or injured in the past four weeks, type of illness, type of health provider that had been consulted, if any, and satisfaction with the source of care.

Similar proportions reporting illness in the last four weeks, and similar patterns by area (rural>other urban>Dar) between the two surveys (2002 and 2007)

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Health 69 percent of individuals in household consult

any provider four weeks before the survey. No change in proportions consulting any provider when sick or injured (69%), (2001 -2007) but:

Over 65 percent of individuals consulted Government facilities compared with 55 % in 2001. This implies increase in consultation at government facilities over a period of six years (2001 -2007).

Small increase in proportion satisfied with services in govt facilities, fewer reporting lack of drugs

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Consultation with govt providers

43

28

50

17

44 43 4537

729

8

47

11

23

10 28

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007

Dar es Salaam Other urban areas Rural areas Mainland Tanzania

Public dispensary or hospital* Public /community health centre

10

Education Compared with 2000/01:

Little change in overall adult literacy levels

Large increase in enrolment rates, both primary and secondary

Improvements in class attended for age of child (eg 30% (2007) of 9 year olds in school in St III, cf 13% (2001)

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Net enrolment ratios - primary, lower secondary

71

91

71

91

56

82

59

84

19

30

15

28

2

105

15

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007

Dar es Salaam Other urban areas Rural areas Mainland Tanzania

Primary NER Lower secondary NER

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Housing and household amenities Substantial improvements in use

of ‘permanent’ housing materials - in all areas (Dar/OU/rural)

7 % of households with no toilet facilities

Drinking water: apparent decline in piped water

13

House construction materials (%)

55

4335

21

3326

16

35

25

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1991/92 2000/01 2007

Metal roof Non-earth floor Durable walls

14

Drinking water supply (%) – Safe Water

9386

58

73 76

61

2528

23

3639

34

48

25

11 1216

1018 18

1016 18

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1991

/92

2000

/01

2007

1991

/92

2000

/01

2007

1991

/92

2000

/01

2007

1991

/92

2000

/01

2007

Dar es Salaam Other urban areas Rural areas Mainland Tanzania

Any piped water Any other protected source

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Ownership of selected consumer assetsDar Other Urb Rural Mainland Tanzania

  2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007

Radio / r. cassette

79.6 80.0 71.5 73.3 45.7 62.2 51.9 66.2

Telephone - any

9.863.7

2.943.3

0.214.3

1.225.0

Landline NA 2.8 NA 1.9 NA 0.6 NA 1.1

Cellphone NA 62.8 NA 42.5 NA 13.9 NA 24.5

Television 20.1 37.7 7.0 15.8 0.2 1.8 2.6 8.2

Computer* 1.4 3.2 1.5 0.5 1.4 0.1 1.4 0.5

Mosquito nets

79.6 92.0 66.3 84.1 27.9 61.3 37.1 68.9

Motor vehicle

5.9 4.4 2.2 2.2 0.7 0.3 1.3 1.1

Motor cycle 1.4 1.1 1.8 2.9 0.7 1.2 0.9 1.5

Bicycle 11.6 15.5 34.3 35.9 38.4 45.4 36.0 40.5

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Households’ main cooking energy

4.42.0 2.4 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.9 0.40.4 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2

43.0

12.28.9

6.0

1.0 0.75.0

3.0

46.2

71.0

53.3 53.9

3.97.0

14.2

22.7

4.6

12.4

33.837.7

93.4 91.8

78.5

73.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007 2000/01 2007

Dar es Salaam Other urbanareas

Rural areas MainlandTanzania

Electricity Gas - industrial Paraffin/Kerosene* Charcoal Firewood

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Electricity-Percentage of Households with Electricity

10.01.6

58.9

1.3

29.7

1.7 2.0 1.60.6 0.7 0.50.9 2.5

25.9

50.8

12.1

0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.0

Ele

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Sol

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Ele

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Sol

arel

ectr

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Ele

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Sol

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Ele

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Sol

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ectr

icity

MainlandTanzania

Dar esSalaam

Other urban Rural

Strata

Per

cen

t

2000/01 2007

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Household productive activities Main activity of adults:

- decline in farming between 2001 and 2007

- rise employment and self-employment

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Household banking and finance Since 2000/01, modest increases in households

with at least one member: - having a bank account, (but large drop 91-01) - taking a bank loan , - participating in informal (and formal) savings groups

Overall levels still low and more concentrated in urban areas : This is a challenges that need to tackled by Financial Institutions

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Household banking and saving (% HHs with at least one member with…)

10.0

18.0

6.4

0.62.7

1.2 3.8

7.8

5.1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

1991/92 2000/01 2007

Bank account Bank loan last year Informal savings group

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Structure of Consumption

Across all strata, mean food expenditure per capita is higher in Dar es Salaam compared to other areas

In total, food expenditure per capita has increased from TShs. 6,137 in 2001 to TShs. 11,919 in 2007.

In all categories, total expenditure

per capita has increased from TShs. 9,972 in 2001 to TShs. 20,288

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Expenditure per capita

Dar es Salaam

Other urban areas Rural areas Total  

2000 2007 2000 2007200

0 2007 2000 2007

Food purchased

10,301

18,680

7,114

12,650

3,118 5,944

4,085

8,145

Food not purchased 368 526 876

1,717

2,375 4,612

2,051

3,775

Food total

10,668

19,206

7,989

14,367

5,492

10,556

6,137

11,919

Durables1,89

22,63

01,09

92,09

0 484 767 6501,14

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Medical 569 793 338 490 190 286 232 363

Education 9742,26

2 4311,05

9 138 248 227 552

Other non-Durables

7,006

13,567

4,253

8,217

2,146 4,368

2,718

5,782

Telecommunications 304

2,821 74 877 6 194 33 524

Total pc

21,183

41,279

14,131

27,100

8,452

16,418

9,972

20,288

Not adjusted for prices

Mean Expenditure per Capita by Category of Item (Nominal figures, 28 days, TZ Shillings)

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Structure of Consumption

Households in Dar es Salaam spend the lowest proportion on food (53 percent), while rural households have the highest food share (67 percent) .

The share of expenditure on food has declined modestly in all areas, particularly in Dar es Salaam and other urban areas,

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Shares per capitaDar es Salaam

Other urban Rural Total

2000

2007

2000

2007

2000

2007

2000

2007

Food purchased pc 53.1 51.6 53.4 49.4 35.5 33.3 39.0 37.6

Food not purchased pc 2.1 1.8 8.0 9.4 32.1 33.2 27.0 26.5

Durables pc 5.2 4.6 5.3 5.5 4.5 3.9 4.7 4.2

Other non-Durables pc 31.6 30.9 27.5 28.6 24.1 25.8 25.0 26.7

Medical pc 2.9 2.1 2.4 1.9 2.1 1.8 2.2 1.8

Education pc 4.1 3.7 3.1 2.9 1.7 1.4 2.0 1.8

Telecommunications pc 0.9 5.4 0.3 2.1 0.0 0.6 0.1 1.3

Of which, total food 55.2 53.3 61.4 58.9 67.5 66.5 66.0 64.1

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Poverty Line

Two poverty line are used to estimate poverty levels in Tanzania.

Food Poverty line: The household food consumption pattern is examined from the information recorded from the households for one calendar month. This examination takes into account the type, quantity and price of each food item consumed in the household. After establishing both the type and quantities of each food item consumed in the household, the caloric value is then determined. The WHO recommends a minimum of 2,200 kilo-calories per adult per day

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Poverty Line

2000/01 poverty line inflated using Fisher index

2000/01 2007Food 5,295 10,219Basic Needs 7,253 13,998

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Incidence of poverty - headcount

Year Dar Urban

Rural Total

Food 1991 13.6 15.0 23.1 21.6

2001 7.5 13.2 20.4 18.7

2007 6.7 12.9 18.4 16.5

Basic 1991 28.1 28.7 40.8 38.6

2001 17.6 25.8 38.7 35.7

2007 16.2 24.1 37.4 33.3

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Conclusion Substantial improvements in schooling, fewer

individuals in the households did not satisfied with availability of drugs in the Government facilities. Many individuals consulted Government facilities when they were sick or injured.

Shortage of water supplies and especially in Dar es Salaam and fewer number of households with no toilet facilities.

Improvements in housing materials and increase in the ownership of many consumer goods

The proportion of people living in poverty has decreased by 2.2 percentage points, (2001-2007)

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2007 HBS Next -Step Further analysis of 2007 HBS results will be

required: National Team of Analysts from WB, UDSM, OPM, NBS and REPOA will be involved in this task

Some issue such as rural-urban migration, limitation of headcount ratio for estimating poverty level, female headed households (increase in numbers) requires further analysis

Methodological issues of computing incidence of poverty

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HBS 2007, next steps HBS results will feed into:

Rebasing of GDP Preparation of quarterly GDP Updating of NCPI basket Prepare 2007HBS Popular Version – Swahili

These activities will start January 2009.

Deliverables Quarterly GDP expected April 2008 Updated CPI expected - June 2008 Rebased GDP expected – May 2008

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Key achievements since last annual review

2006/07 Integrated Labor Force Survey completed and released

2007 HIV/AIDS survey completed and released

2007 Census of Business establishments finalized

2007 HBS analyzed and released and posted to NBS Website –www.nbs.go.tz

National Panel Survey fielded TSMP strategy finalized

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Key achievements since last annual reviewTanzania Statistical Master Plan;Strategic plan is ready Vision is to have a well-integrated and efficient

national statistical system that produce quality statistics for decision makers in an objective, timely and cost-effective manner.

TSMP’s core activities include: Legal and institutional reform; Revision of

2002 Statistical Act Enhanced professionalism; capacity building

and incentive reform Adequate office space and transport

equipment

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Tanzania Statistical Master Plan (TSMP)

Enhanced service orientation; improved data access for general public

Improved economic statistics

Improved GIS; for census preparation and presentation of routine data

Coordinated National Statistical System, including strengthened routine data systems

Continue household survey program

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Tanzania Statistical Master Plan Strategic plan submitted to cabinet

by December 2008

Implementation plan is being finalized by December 2008

Funding from GoT and DPs DPs requested to support through

pooled fund. Pool will be fully functional next Fiscal

Year

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National Panel Survey (NPS) NBS committed to delivering the NPS last

Annual Review

Extensive survey covering consumption, poverty, shocks, agriculture, assets, health, education, nutrition, access to finance, employment & self-employment.

Modular approach allows to add and omit certain modules while maintaining comparability of the core

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National Panel Survey (NPS) Panel survey was fielded in October

Real time data entry in the field ensures data will be available for analysis by September 2009, in time for annual review

Interim data available May 2009

If round 1 is successful, NPS data will be available annually around September

Revision of questionnaire starts May 2009 for round 2 Suggestions are welcome for new modules

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Summary NBS will continue to support the results

orientation of MKUKUTA with quality data

Next year some updated and improved products will be released: Quarterly GDP Rebased National Accounts Updated CPI

Support NBS to realize its vision of a world class statistical institution in Africa by supporting TSMP implementation Join statistics pool

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END

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