1

2

Cryosurgery

Mohadese hashemiDr. Razjouyan

2008

3

Introduction

Cryosurgery is a technique forfreezing and killing abnormal cells.

• is used to treat some kinds of cancer and some precancerous or noncancerous conditions

• can be used both inside the body and on the skin.

4

5

What is cryosurgery?

Cryosurgery (also called cryotherapy or cryoablation ) is the use of extreme cold produced by liquid nitrogen (or argon gas) to destroy abnormal tissue.

6

Brief history

The first cryogens were liquid air and compressed carbon dioxide snow. Liquid nitrogen became available in the 1940s and currently is the most widely used cryogen.

7

Brief history

this method is being supplanted by liquid nitrogen spray techniques is easy to use, and similar techniques can be employed to manage benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions.

8

Mechanism of Action

liquid nitrogen or argon gas is circulated through a hollow instrument.

The doctor uses ultrasound or MRI to guide the cryoprobe.

A ball of ice crystals forms around the probe, freezing nearby cells.

9

GENERAL ADVANTAGE OF CRYOSURGERY

ريزي • خون ميزان كاهششده • نابود بافت ميزان تنظيمدرد • كاهش

10

Cryosurgery is an alternative to SUEGERY for :

• Breast• Prostate • Early-stage skin cancers • Precancerous conditions of the cervix• liver cancer• Colon• Retinoblastoma• tumors of the bone• Parkinson• مرواريد آب ترميم و شده جدا ي سبكيه ترميم

11

پاركينسون

هاي كاربرد اولين ازسرما با جراحي

استفاده با لرزش توقفاز بخشي انهدام از

تاالموسي دهه در بار اولين براي

توسط 60 ميالديشد انجام كوپلر اروين

12

can be used to treat men who have early-stage prostate cancer that is confined to the prostate gland.

Long-term outcomes are not knownis not used to treat prostate cancer that has spread outside the gland

prostate cancer

13

prostate cancer

14

side effects

These side effects may occur more often in men who have had radiation to the prostate :

• lack of control over urine flow• Many men become important• In some cases, the surgery has

caused injury to the rectum

15

The tumor and a half inch margin of normal liver are frozen to -190°C for 15 minutes, which is lethal to all tissues. The area is thawed for 10 minutes and then re-frozen to -190°C for another 15 minutes.

primary liver cancer

16

Side effect

Cryosurgery in the liver may cause damage to the bile ducts and/or major blood veseels, which can lead to hemorrhage (heavy bleeding) or infection.

17

skin cancer

Cryosurgery has been used to treat skin lesions for approximately 100 years.

Benign skin lesions that are suitable for freezing include actinic keratosis, solar lentigo, seborrheic keratosis, viral wart, molluscum contagiosum, and Dermatofibroma.

18

Advantages

• Cryosurgery requires little time and fits easily into the physician's office schedule

• low risk of infection• Short recovery times• Minimal wound care suture removal• cryosurgery requires no expensive

supplies orinjectable anesthesia. • treat AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma when

the skin lesions are small and localized

19

Disadvantage

• Scarring

• loss of sensation

• loss of pigmentation

• loss of hair in the treated area

20

New advantages

• Simple pencil type grip for• easy use. • Very accurate application.  • Freezes to -89ºC and to a depth of

3mm. • Interchangeable ‘contact’ heads for

special applications including GUM, Podiatry & Dermatology.

• Avoids all of the storage and transport problems associated with traditional cryotherapy

21

New advantages• Once a cylinder has been attached CryoAlfa can be kept in a drawer without degradation of the

N20 contents for approximately 3 months.

• Can be easily transported for use in home visits.

• The level of cold generated can be adjusted by the rate at which the button is depressed.

22

Cervical cryosurgery

• Cervical cryosurgery or cryotherapy is a gynecological treatment that freezes a section of the cervix.

• Is also used for the treatment of cervicitis or inflammation of the cervix

23

Cervical cryosurgery

• Cryosurgery is not a treatment for cervical cancer.

24

tumors of the bone

• destruction of nearby bone tissue →fractures

25