document09

NXP SemiconductorsStand van zaken passieve RFID technologie

Henk Dannenberg

RFID Standards Architect

February 18, 2010

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Agenda

Introduction NXP Semiconductors

Overview HF & UHF Technology

Markets and Applications

Success Stories

Future developments

Question & Answer

NXP Product Portfolio

April 9, 2023RFID

Introduction / Henk Dannenberg

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Bruno Benevento, Field Application Engineer, NXP Semiconductors

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Introduction NXP Semiconductors

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NXP Semiconductors

Headquarters: Eindhoven, The Netherlands

Net sales: $5.4 billion in 2008

Established in 2006, 50+ years of experience in

semiconductors

NXP’s innovative High Performance Mixed Signal

technologies combined with application insight and

standard products provide engineers with the

versatility to excel in changing markets

Businesses units:

Automotive

High Performance Mixed Signal

Identification

Standard Products

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Identification - lead in focus areas

#1 in Public transportation MIFARETM ICs used in >70% transport infrastructure

#1 in contactless EMV banking solutions Supplied > 500 million banking cards in 35 countries

#1 in eGovernment solutions Supplying 85% of ePassports projects worldwide Shipped over 150 million secure ICs

#1 in Secure mobile transactions Co-inventor of Near Field Communication (NFC) NXP NFC ICs used in commercially available phones

and are used in over 150 trials worldwide

#1 in RFID tagging solutions Supplying >50% of HF tagging market Breakthrough in UHF Cost effectiveness

April 9, 2023RFID


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Overview HF & UHF Technology

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What is Radio Frequency IDentification?

UHF RFID

Antenna

UHF RFID

Antenna

UHF RFID labels are placed on the

outside of the boxes

RFID extends the functionality of barcodes, enabling simultaneous reading of many labels (without line of sight) and offering write operations to the RFID chip non-volatile memory

The tiny RFID chip on the label becomes powered up by the reader antenna electric field. Roll with RFID labels

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Electromagnetic RF spectrumElectric

Waves

Radio

Waves

Infra-red Visible

Light

Ultra-

Violet

X-Rays Gamma

Rays

Cosmic

Rays

9kHz 30kHz 300kHz 3000kHz 30MHz 300MHz 3000MHz 30GHz 300GHz 3000GHz

VLF LF MF HF VHF UHF SHF EHF Not

designated

Radio Spectrum

Electric

Waves

Radio

Waves

Infra-red Visible

Light

Ultra-

Violet

X-Rays Gamma

Rays

Cosmic

Rays

9kHz 30kHz 300kHz 3000kHz 30MHz 300MHz 3000MHz 30GHz 300GHz 3000GHz

VLF LF MF HF VHF UHF SHF EHF Not

designated

Radio Spectrum

VLF Very Low Frequency VHF Very High Frequency

LF Low Frequency UHF Ultra High Frequency

MF Medium Frequency SHF Super High Frequency

HF High Frequency EHF Extremely High Frequency

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Frequencies used for RFID systems

April 9, 2023RFID


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Markets & Applications

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Important Market Segments

Rental• library, DVD rental, containers, pallets• established market, continuous growth• excellent RF performance, standardisation (incl. data standards)

• e-Pedigree, anti-counterfeit protection, patient safety • emerging market, enormous growth opportunity• standardisation and legal regulations, compliance

Pharma

• item level SCM, customer convenience, anti-counterfeit• first roll-outs, continuous growth• standardisation and supply chain cooperation

Fashion

• item level SCM, smart shelf• early trial phase, continuous growth• standardisation, mandates, supply chain cooperating

Retail

• asset management, factory automation, etc..• fragmented market, projects, continuous growth• custom specific solutions

Industrial& Others

• device enabling and configuration, printer cartridge• fragmented market, projects, continuous growth• specific feature sets

CE & Media

Predom. HF

HF / UHF

Predom. UHF

Predom. UHF

Predom. HF

Predom. HF

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Success Stories

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HF success story: Pfizer

ICODE RFID tags on all Viagra® marketed in the United States

Why do they use RFID?

Counterfeiting problem

Life risks involved

Saving money (efficiency SCM)

Improving patient care

•www.worldpharmaceuticals.net/marketresources/012_sept07/WPF012_rfid.htm

http://www.pfizer.com/home/

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HF success stories

NXP HF platform is the industry standard for HF smart label solutions.

With over 500 million smart label ICs sold, ICODE is a proven and reliable technology which represents the largest installed base world-wide

Largest application is Libraries

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UHF success story: Container Centraalen Application: Product authentication

End Customer: Container Centraalen

Tag supplier: Confidex

Chip used: UCODE G2XM

Use case:– Encrypted unique information is stored in the UCODE G2XM, which

provides for a reliable check (with a handheld reader or through an RFID gate) if one receives genuine high-quality CC Containers. Only genuine CC Containers will be accepted at the CC depots and many other places.

End customer benefit:– Easy to verify authenticity of the CC Containers– Simple and prompt counting – Overall quality of CC Container pool will improve – Easy to check whether orders are complete – Possibility for optimised order management

Link: www.cc-rfid.com/home.aspx

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Other UHF success stories

Application: Retail Cold Chain Management

Application: Product authentication

Application: Electronic Vehicle Identification

Application: Fashion

Application: Production Control

Links: www.upmrfid.com (succes stories)

April 9, 2023RFID


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Future Developments

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Electronic Article Surveillance

EAS– Use RFID for tracking with EAS gates– Provides not only knowledge that something passed the gate but

also which item has passed the gate -> Data needed for accurate replenishment in the store

EAS UHF Antennas

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Embedded tags

Use cases:– Product Identification– Production control– Product authentication– Product configuration– Service– Warranty– Maintenance records– End-of-Life management

Benefits:– Protect brand integrity– Improve product safety– Assure product quality– Reclaim lost revenue

(permit only sanctioned consumables in devices)

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Sensor Interface

RFID tag with Sensor interface – Full function sensor– Simple sensor– Optionally: Battery Assisted

RFID tag with Sensor interface – Temperature– Humidity– Pressure– Shock– Vibration– Optical– Infra-red– Liquid levels

Extension of 18000-6C standard!

Source: GRIFS project EU

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Cryptographic processorCryptographic processor

RFID tag with crypto processor – Controller– Crypto (co)processor

AES, ECC etc.– Memory

Design challenges– power consumption– data rate– chip area– security level

Applications– Product Authentication

Public key/Private key– Anti-Counterfeiting– Data protection– Privacy protection

UntraceabilityProtecting air-interface

– Secure Supply Chain– Etc.

Standardized in ISO/IEC 29167

Algorithm Sec-urity

Chip

area

Process @VDD

Imean @100kHz

Clock cycles

[bits] [GEs] [um @ VDD] [uA] per block

AES-128 [1] 128 3595 [email protected] 3.0 1016

XTEA [1] 128 2636 [email protected] 3.86 705

Present-80 [2] 80 1075 [email protected] 1.4 547

KATAN-64 [3] 80 1054 [email protected] 0.46 ~254

Grain [1] 80 3381 [email protected] 0.8 104

Trivium [1] 80 1294 [email protected] 2.75 128

Source: TU Graz

Analogfront-end

ControllerAES

moduleEEPROM

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Crypto processorCrypto processor

taginterrogator

Send key number

AUTHENTICATE

AESCRYPTO UNIT

AESCRYPTO UNIT

READ KEY

3DES enciphered key RndBGENERATE

8 byte Random RndB,Encipher with key

3DES enciphered key RndA’

Encipher chainVERIFY RndB’,Generate RndA’

Encipher with key

Mutual AuthenticationMutual Authentication

Decipher RndBWith same key

Generate RndB’GENERATE 8 byte RndA

Concat RndA RndB’3DES Decipher chain

3DES deciphered chain of RndA+RndB’

Decipher RndA’VERIFY RndA’

Assemble Session Key

Session Key is 1HRndA+1HRndB+ 2HRndA+2HRndB

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Data protection on RF-channelData protection on RF-channel

tag(Authenticated)

Interrogator

COMMAND

ANSWER

ANSWER

Ciphered ANSWER

COMMAND

EncryptedRF-Communication

Ciphered COMMAND

+

+AES

CRYPTO UNIT

Co

mm

an

d&

Da

taP

roc

es

sin

g

Crypto Operands:Session key generated by

authentication process;based on random numbers

Co

mm

an

d&

Da

taP

roc

es

sin

g

+

+

AESCRYPTO UNIT

Crypto Operands:Session key generated by

authentication process;based on random numbers

Area of listening-in attack

RF channel Data EncryptionRF channel Data Encryption

April 9, 2023RFID


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Question & Answer

April 9, 2023RFID


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NXP RFID Product Portfolio

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NXP RFID Product Portfolio

ISO 18000-3HF EPC Class 1

ISO 18000-3HF EPC Class 1

13.56 MHz13.56 MHz

I•CODE SLII•CODE SLI-SI•CODE EPC G2I•CODE UID/OTPI•CODE SY

I•CODE SLII•CODE SLI-SI•CODE EPC G2I•CODE UID/OTPI•CODE SY

Ultralight, Ultralight CClassic 1K / 4KPlus, DESFire, DESFire EV1

Ultralight, Ultralight CClassic 1K / 4KPlus, DESFire, DESFire EV1

I•CODEI•CODE MIFAREMIFARE

I nte

rrog

ato r

I nte

rrog

ato r

Sm

a rt

Labe

l s,

Car

dsS

ma r

t La

bel s

, C

ards

InterfaceInterface

860 MHz – 2.4 GHz860 MHz – 2.4 GHz

UCODE EPC G2UCODE G2 XL/XMUCODE G2iL

UCODE EPC G2UCODE G2 XL/XMUCODE G2iL

UCODEUCODE

125 kHz125 kHz

HITAG 1 HITAG 2 HITAG S HITAG µ

HITAG 1 HITAG 2 HITAG S HITAG µ

Interrogator ICsInterrogator ICs

HITAGHITAG

I•CODEI•CODE MIFAREMIFARE UCODEUCODEHITAGHITAG

Interrogator ICsInterrogator ICs Interrogator ICs *Interrogator ICs *

ISO 18000-6UHF EPC Class 1 Gen2

ISO 18000-6UHF EPC Class 1 Gen2

ISO 11784/85ISO 14223

ISO 11784/85ISO 14223 ISO 14443ISO 14443

VicinityVicinity VicinityVicinity ProximityProximity Long RangeLong Range

LFLFLFLF HFHFHFHF UHFUHFUHFUHF

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HF Product Portfolio Overview

ICODE SLIICODE SLIICODE SLIICODE SLIICODE SLI-SICODE SLI-SICODE SLI-S HCICODE SLI-S HCICODE SLI-SY***ICODE SLI-SY***

ICODE SLI-SICODE SLI-SICODE SLI-S HCICODE SLI-S HCICODE SLI-SY***ICODE SLI-SY***

MemoryMemory 1024 Bit2048 Bit

RF InterfaceRF Interface ISO 15693 ISO 18000

ISO 15693, 18000 HF EPC

SecuritySecurity

• UID (8byte)

• Block write protection

• UID (8byte)

• Block writeprotection

• 32 bit R/W PWD protection

Special Special FeaturesFeatures

EAS, AFI

• EAS, AFI, EPC, • Destroy • Privacy• 40 yr data ret.****

PackagingPackaging•Sawn Wafer •FCP, FCS•MOA2 Module

•Sawn Wafer •FCP, FCS•MOA2 Module

Anti-Anti-collisioncollision

60 tag/sISO: 60 tag/sEPC: 200 tag/s

ICODE UID-OTPICODE UID-OTPICODE UID-OTPICODE UID-OTP

192 Bit

HF EPC C1

• UID (5byte)• OTP

Destroy

Sawn Wafer

200 tag/s

ICODE SLI-LICODE SLI-L ICODE SLI-L HCICODE SLI-L HC

ICODE SLI-LICODE SLI-L ICODE SLI-L HCICODE SLI-L HC

256* Bit

ISO 15693 ISO 18000

• UID (8byte)

• Block writeprotection

• EAS PWDprotection

• EAS, AFI,• Destroy • Privacy• LR - CMD

•Sawn Wafer •FCP, FCS•MOA2 Module

60 tag/s

* User memory; ** Password protected

ICODE EPC G2ICODE EPC G2(No / Std / HC)(No / Std / HC)

ICODE EPC G2ICODE EPC G2(No / Std / HC)(No / Std / HC)

0 / 512 Bit *

HF EPC G2

• Unique TID (8byte)• Kill, Access PWD

240 Bit EPCBlock Permalock

UMI, EAS, Read Protect

•Sawn Wafer•FCS

Up to 700 tag/s

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UHF Product Portfolio Overview

-

128 bit

• 32 bit access• 32 bit kill

64 bitIncl. 32 bit serial #

EPCglobal 1.2.0

• EAS Alarm• Read Protect•Block write

• Sawn Wafer• FCS2 Strap• SOT1122

16 blocks á2 Byte

UCODE G2iL UCODE G2iL

• Sawn Wafer• TSSOP8

-512 bit

240 bit240 bit


64 bit Incl. 32 bit serial #


EPCglobal 1.0.9EPCglobal 1.1.0

EPCglobal 1.0.9EPCglobal 1.1.0

EPCglobal 1.0.9


• EAS Alarm• Read Protect• Calibrate

• Sawn Wafer• FCS Strap• TSSOP8

• Sawn Wafer• FCS Strap• TSSOP8

• EAS Alarm• Read Protect• Calibrate

23 blocks á2 Byte

216 byte

-

-

64 bit UID

• 18000-4• 18000-6B• ANSI NCITS (3,4)

• Block write / lock

64 blocks á 4 Byte

55 blocks á2 Byte

224 bit

96 bit



• Sawn Wafer• FCP Strap• TSSOP8

• EAS Alarm• Block lock

32 blocks á 2 Byte

UCODE G2XM UCODE G2XM UCODE G2XL UCODE G2XL UCODE EPC Gen2

UCODE EPC Gen2 UCODE HSL UCODE HSL

UserMemory

EPC

Password

TID

Standard

Custom Commands

Delivery Option

Block size

Mario

Steiner, Pro

duct Mgr. UCOD

E

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document09

Business

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low frequency vhf

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hf rental library