080626 ieee pes thailand handouts pages 1-10

8/3/2019 080626 IEEE PES Thailand Handouts Pages 1-10

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2 26.06.2008 Power Transmission DivisionE T PS

Benefits of Power Electronics Understanding HVDC and FACTS

Energy Sector

s

Power Transmission Division

Security & Sustainability of Supply

2 06-2008


IEEE PES Presentation Overview

1. Introduction

2. Global Trends on Power Markets

3. Security and Sustainability of Power Supply

4. Power Quality or Low-Cost Energy ?

5. Trends in AC & DC Transmission, EHV & UHV

6. Transmission Solutions with HVDC and FACTS

7. Basics of FACTS Flexible AC Transmission Systems

8. Basics of HVDC High-Voltage Direct Current

9. Voltage Source Converter for Transmission and Special Grids Basics & Applications

10. Power Electronics for Distribution & Industrial Systems

11. Efficiency of Power Supply


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1.

I ntroductionCO2 Reduction Green EnergyMegacities Security of Supply


Electrical Energy is the Backboneof our Society

today and in Future


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Example of China:

Its Development is breathtaking

Financial District Pudong, Shanghai


Conclusions of IPCC: CO2 Increase due to human

Influence is much higher than natural Fluctuation

Carbon Dioxide Variations in the Air400

350

300

250

200

0 100 200 300 400

Thousandsof Years ago

Wrm / W ei chsel R i / S aaleIce Age Mindel/ Elster

CO2Concentration(ppmv)

Sources: Siemens PTD TI / Wikipedia 2006; IPCC 2007

A crucial GlobalIssue: to achieveCO2 Reduction

The Industrial Revolution hascaused a dramatic Rise in CO2


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G

2.

on Power Marketslobal Trends


Increasing Demand for Power Generation from

3,620 GW in 2000 to 8,800 GW in 2030

Strong Environmental Constraints Limitation

on Power Plant Expansions

Natural Energy Resources far away from theLoad Centers

Severe Right-of-Way Constraints

The Situation on Electric Power Markets

A strong Issue in many Countries,

especially in Europe


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Power Generation: The Global Tendency

Increase in Power Generation Capacity

Installed Capacityin Gigawatt

21%

16%

20%6%

37%

1990

19%

13%

27%

7%

34%

2000

14%

7%

44%

9%

29%

2030

Western Europe

Eastern Europe / CIS

Asia / Pacific

Africa / Middle East

Americas

Regionally

2,835

3,620

8,800

12%17%15%

32%1%

23%

1990

10%

22%

14%

30%

2%22%

2000

8%

26%

5%

29%

14%

18%

2030

Nuclear

Gas

Oil

Coal

By Energy Sources

2,835

3,620

8,800

Hydro

RenewablesOther

Source: Siemens Energy, PG GS4 - 2008


Eco-friendly Power Generation, such as Wind Energy, is gaining

in Significance; however, fossil-based Applications keep on growing as

well

19,000

2006

35,000

2030

Oil

Coal

OtherRenewables

Hydro

Nuclear

Gas

Wind

Geothermal

52%

Biomass

32%

Wind

15%

Geothermal1%

Others

2.5% p.a.

Power Generation

in TWh

8%

50%

34%

Biomass

7%

Solar1%

Others

Source: Siemens Energy, PG GS4 - 2008

Renewables(excl. Hydro)

by 2006: 460 TWh

(2% of the total Amount)

Renewables(excl. Hydro)

by 2030: 2,700 TWh

(8% of the total Amount)


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Renewable Energy Resources at favorable

Locations

Transmission of large Power Blocks over long

Distances (Hydro, Wind * and Solar Energy)

Increased Power Exchange among the

Interconnected Systems

Extensions of Interconnected Systems

Development of Power Systems

13 26.06.2008 Power Transmission DivisionE T PSE T PS MT/Re

G G

H

G

G

G

G

Regenerative Energy Sources and

Dispersed Generation Impact on the whole T&D Grid Structure

04-2008Use of Dispersed Generation

Load Flow will be fuzzy

G

G

G

G

G

H

H

G


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Wind Power Generation during a Week of maximum Load

in the E.ON Grid Example of GermanySource: E.ON - 2003

Problems with Wind Power Generation

o Wind Generation varies strongly

o It can not follow the Load Requirements

AdditionalReserve Capacityis required

This will be a big Issue both in the German Grid Development and worldwide


The best Solution: Integration of HVDC

Transmission into a synchronous AC System

Share in installed wind energy of 12,223 MW

E. ON Netz: 48 %

Vattenfall Europe Transmission: 37 %RWE Net: 14 %

EnBW Transportnetze: 1 %

Source: E.ON - 2003

E. ON Netz: 48 %

Share in installed Wind Energy of 12,223 MW

Vattenfall Europe Transmission: 37 %

RWE Transportnetz Strom: 14 %

EnBW Transportnetze: 1 %

Benefits of this Solution:

o Load Sharing

o Generation Reserve Sharing

VattenfallEurope Transmission

Long-term: 30 - 50 GW

,223 MW

003

Installed Generation Capacity: 120 GW (2006)15151515

2006: 20 GW !

very fast


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and

Getting morePower out ofthe Grid

17 26.06.2008 Power Transmission DivisionE T PS17

Development of AC Transmission

Source: Siemens E D SE PTI - 2004

800 kV as realistic Standard

TheThe InitialInitial StatementStatement

However, some Countries ill

finally go 1 MV *

500 kV: up to 1,000 km **

800 kV: up to 1,500 km

1,000 kV: over 2,000 km

ReasonableLine Lengths:

**

*


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Development of DC Transmission:Worldwide installed Capacity

Sources: IEEE T&D Committee 2000 -Cigre WG B4-04 2003

Worldwide installed HVDC

Capacity: 55 GW in 2005

This is 1.4 % of the Worldwide

installed Generation Capacity

Additional48 GWare

expected from Chinaaloneby 2020 !


Network Configurations for Long-Distance

Transmission the AC and DC Options

HVDC Long-Distance Transmission

Long-Distance AC Transmission

AC Transmission through interconnected Power Systems

Subs. Subs.Subs.

Point-to-Point Connection


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System 1 System 2

a) AC Interconnection:

many Lines from the Beginning,for Stability Reasons

c) Hybrid AC/DC Interconnection:The flexible synchronous Solution

b) DC Interconnection:1 Link sufficient for stable

Interconnection

Benefits of Hybrid System Interconnections


Benefits of Hybrid System Interconnections

System stable

System instable

DC supports AC forStability

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