06_u-net simulation principle and flow

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1111www.huawei.com Huawei confidential, 2007-06

Huawei GENEX SeriesHuawei GENEX Series


GENEX Overview

GENEX U-Net Features

How to Use U-Net to Plan a Network

Contents

http://www.huawei.com


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RNCRNC

GENEX UGENEX U--NetNetRadio Network Planning ToolRadio Network Planning Tool

Downlink Downlink + + UplinkUplink

GENEX ProbeGENEX ProbeGENEX Test MobileGENEX Test MobileGENEX AssistantGENEX AssistantTest & PostTest & Post--Process ToolsProcess Tools

GENEX NastarGENEX NastarNetwork Performance Analysis SystemNetwork Performance Analysis System

ØGENEX U-Net is a radio planning tool that fully supports the technologies of GSM,GPRS-EDGE, CDMA IS95, WCDMA/UMTS/HSDPA, CDMA 2000/1xRTT/1xEVDO, and TD-SCDMA wireless networks.

ØThe GENEX Probe, network optimization and drive test data collection system, is an air interface test tool for WCDMA/HSDPA/GSM/GPRS networks. ØGENEX Assistant is a professional wireless test data post-processing software system.

ØGENEX Nastar is a platform for monitoring and optimizing the performance of GSM/CDMA/WCDMA wireless networks

Huawei GENEX Family


Whole Flow Overview

Radio Network Planning ToolRadio Network Planning Tool

Air Interface Test Tool and PostAir Interface Test Tool and Post--Processing ToolProcessing Tool

Network Performance Analysis Network Performance Analysis ToolTool

Make full use of 2G resources

GENEX covers the network lifecycleGENEX covers the GENEX covers the network lifecyclenetwork lifecycle



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GENEX Overview



Contents


U-Net Overview

l A professional radio network design tool, supporting

GSM/TDMA, GPRS-EDGE, CDMAOne, W-CDMA/UMTS and

CDMA 2000/1x RTT/EVDO. It is specially designed for 3G.

l Support both single system configuration and Enterprise

server-based network configuration. The single system

configuration does not require connecting external database

and users still can share engineering data.

l With modern software structure as well as open and

extendable platform.



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Pre-planning module

Network dimensioning

U-Net Basic Module－required(including GSM network planning and prediction)

Measurements

module

Test Mobile data

CW test data

Propagation

model tuning

AFP Module

Automatic Frequency Planning

DT Module

2G DT data for coverage prediction

2G DT data for

propagation model tuning

MicroWave Module

Microwave management

& analysis

3G module

Prediction and

simulation for WCDMA & CDMA2000 /1xRTT /EV-

DO

Modules


Ø U-Net Work Station l PC Pentium3 processor or better

l more than 256 MB memory. 512 MB memory is suggested

l Windows NT 4.0 /Windows 2000 Professional /Windows XP/Windows 2003

Ø U-Net stand-alone version needs no external database

Ø Multi-user structure supports the following database management

system (Single user does not apply)l Microsoft Access 97/2000

l Microsoft SQL Server 7.0

l Oracle v 8.1.7 or higher

l Sybase Adaptive Server V 11.5

System Requirement



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Vector

Raster

DEM

l Database for World Coordinate System

(about 980 kinds)

l Support various map formats:

-- Raster data：BIL, TIF, BMP, MapInfo, ArcView,

ERDAS Imagine, MSI Planet...

-- Vector data

l Support various resolutions:

--1 meter precision at most

l Support various map types

--Digital Elevation Model (DEM)

--Clutter type data ( Type and Elevation)

--Three-dimensional architectural data (raster and vector data)

--Traffic data and Population-density data

--Satellite and navigation map

--Vector data

Powerful Geography Information System


Ø Advanced database structureq Flexible database structure, support

multi-user through standard RDBMS (MS Access, MS SQL Server V7, Oracle V8, Sybase)

q Security managementq Database consistencyq Database connection/disconnectionq Stand-alone/distributed/client-server

Multi-user Management

Server1 Server2 Server3

user 1 user 2 user 3 user 4 user 5 user 6 user 7

Workstation 2Workstation 3 Workstation 1Workstation 4

Server1Server2

Workstation 2Workstation 3 Workstation 1Workstation 4



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l Modern Propagation Calculation Engine:--Define propagation module on different levels:

sectors, sites, zones or layers.

--Support geo databases with various resolutions

--Path loss matrix with dual-resolution per transmitter

--Distributed calculation

l Integrated Propagation Modules:--SPM Standard Propagation Module

--Okumura-Hata and Cost-Hata

--ITU 526-5 and ITU 370-7 Propagation Module

--Longley-Rice and WLL Propagation Module

l Interfaces Open to Exterior Modules--Integrate exterior propagation modules via API

--Integrate the existing third party propagation modules

completely,

for example: Wavesight, Volcano, Winpro.

Propagation Model


l Import CW Measurement Data :--Import and display CW data

--Prediction /measurement comparison and statistics analysis

--Automatically correction of propagation modules

according to CW measurement.

l Import Measurement Data for Mobile Testing--Import, display and analyze testing mobile data.

--Replay on the map according to routes defined by users.

--Analyze and display paging events.

--Support generic ASCII and industry-specific standard

formats.

--Automatically correction of propagation modules

using mobile-testing drive test data.

Measurement Module



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Ø For each user

n Service

n Circuit / packet

n Active factor

n Nominal rate

n Traffic power

n Equipment

n Ec/Io threshold

n Mobility

Ø Traffic map

n Based on environment

n Based on live traffic data

n Based on traffic density

WCDMA Traffic model moduling

Traffic Model

User Density

Terminals MobilityServices

User Profile

Traffic Model


l Monte Carlo simulation

l Outputs

n reports

n statistics

n More than 100 kinds predictions

l For advanced analysis

n Parameters for each user in every

snapshot (UL load, DL load, rejection

reason, etc.)

Simulation



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Point Analysis

q Live Computation (without considering path loss matrix).

q Path Profile

Diffraction Diffraction LossLoss

Diffraction peak (different Diffraction peak (different propagation modules have propagation modules have

different peaks). different peaks).

the angle of the LOS read in the antenna

vertical pattern

LOSLOS

Estimated Estimated shadow shadow marginsmargins

Distance Distance between between

TxTx--Rx Rx Modules Modules

used used

Signal Level at Signal Level at the receiverthe receiver’’s s

endendStudied transmitters Studied transmitters

and repeatersand repeaters

10GHz 10GHz ellipseellipse

DTMDTM


Point Analysis

l Radio reception diagnosis for a given point

Choose an existing Choose an existing simulation and check its simulation and check its load conditions on UL load conditions on UL

and DL. and DL.

Definition of userDefinition of user--definable definable ““probeprobe””

receiverreceiver

Analysis of specific Analysis of specific carrier or all carriers carrier or all carriers

(Carriers are (Carriers are considered as sets considered as sets in site equipment).in site equipment).

Availability of Availability of traffic on UL traffic on UL

and DLand DLCells in mobile Cells in mobile active set active set (grey area)(grey area)

Cells outside Cells outside active set active set

(white area(white area))

Threshold for best server Threshold for best server that becomes part of active that becomes part of active set. (It varies with different set. (It varies with different

mobility types)mobility types)

Active set Active set threshold (best pilot threshold (best pilot quality quality -- active set active set

threshold)threshold)

Availability of Availability of PilotPilot



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GENEX Overview



Contents


Simulation Step by Step

Link budgetAnalysis

Setup networkDesign

Run PilotField

StrengthPrediction

PilotLevelOK?

TrafficForecast

Avail?

Run UMTSTraffic

simulation

Setup fixedLoad values

Make predictions(Services)

PerformanceRequirements

Fulfilled?

Neighbors planning&Scrambling code

allocation

RNP Input & Equipmentconfiguration

Neighborhood planning criteria

Scrambling code allocation criteria

Outputparameters

YESNO

YES

NO

YES

NO

Traffic model



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Network Modeling

Ø Geo data - digital map

Ø Propagation Model

Ø Network database


Digital Map

The 3D digital map used for planning includes the following 3 parts, and each part is kept in a folder.

HeightsDigital Terrain Model (DTM): stored in a binary format where each element of the data represents the height above sea level in meters for a square area. Directly participate in radio propagation model calculation.

ClutterDigital Land Use (DLU): stored in a binary format with each element of the data containing a code corresponding to a category of land usage for a square area, such as forest, lake, open area, industrial area, urban area, high-storey building area. It is used during calculating radio propagation path loss.

VectorLinear vector Model (LDM): linear vector data describes plane distribution and space relationship of linear clutters, including speedway, street and river.For Planet format map, Linear (2D) vector data is stored in ASCII DOS format and requires following types of input file - an index file, a menu file, and one or several vector data files.



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Digital Map

For high resolution digital map, there are another two kinds of maps which describe the building height.

Clutter HeightDigital Height Model (DHM): format is exactly the same as the DTM format except that the height values stored represent clutter height above ground level, that is, flat earth. Where clutter is open, values should be 0m.

3D Vector3D vector data describe the shapes of clutters but also their heights in great detail. 3D vector data is expected to contain at least building contours and heights but contours and heights are also recommended for other clutters (e.g. vegetation, water…).For Planet format map, 3D vector data is stored in ASCII DOS format and requires following types of input file – an index file, a menu file, and one or several couples of vector data files + vector 3D attributes files.


l Projection (Primary) Coordinate System:

It is a coordinate system of geographical database which

depends on the imported geographic file. (Usually, projection

system can be found in Projection file in DTM map directory).

l Display Coordinate System:

it is a coordinate system for display and data-input. All the

geographical coordinates are displayed and input according to

this system. If the projection coordinate system and the display

coordinate system do not match with each other, U-Net will

adjust them.

U-Net works with the following two coordinate systems at the same time:

Selecting Coordinate System



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Propagation Model

1 < d < 20 km> GSM 900

> GSM 1800> UMTS

> CDMA/CDMA2000(Automatic calibration

available)

- With diffraction weight- K1, ..., K6 (single formula)

- LOS or NLOS differentiation- Loss per clutter with clutter

weighting- Receiver clearance

- Terrain profile- Statistical clutter

- Effective antenna height150 - 2.000 MHzStandard Propagation

Model

1 < d < 20 km> GSM 1800

> UMTS

- With diffraction or not- Urban loss + correction

a(Hr)

- Terrain profile- Statistical clutter (at the

receiver)- 1 formula per clutter

- Reflection

1.500 - 2.000 MHzCost-Hata

1 < d < 20 km> GSM 900

> CDMA/ CDMA2000

- With diffraction or not- Urban loss + correction

a(Hr)

- Terrain profile- Statistical clutter (at the

receiver)- 1 formula per clutter

- Reflection

150 - 1.000 MHzOkumura-Hata

Fixed receivers> Microwave links

- Free space loss- Receiver height and clearance per clutter

- Terrain profile- Deterministic clutter

- Diffraction (3 knife-edge Deygout method)

30 - 10.000 MHzWLL

Fixed receivers- Terrain profile

- Diffraction (3 knife-edge Deygout method)

30 - 10.000 MHzITU 526-5 (theoretical)

- Long distances (d>10km)- Low frequencies

Percentage time while real field > calculated field- Terrain profile100 MHz – 400

MHzITU 370-7 Vienna 93

- Flat areas- Very low frequenciesCalibrationTerrain profile

Reflection300MHz-3000MHzLongley-Rice (theoretical)

Recommended useRequired settingsTake into accountFrequency bandModel


Standard Propagation Model (SPM）

L=K1 + K2log(d) + K3log(HTxeff) + K4×Diffraction loss + K5log(d)×log(HTxeff) + K6(HRxeff) + Kclutter×f(clutter)

K1: Constant offset (dB)K2: Multiplying factor for log(d)d: Distance between the receiver and the transmitter (m)K3: Multiplying factor for log(HTxeff)HTxeff: Effective height of the transmitter antenna (m)K4: Multiplying factor for diffraction calculation. K4 has to be a positive numberDiffraction loss: Losses due to diffraction over an obstructed path (dB)K5: Multiplying factor for log(HTxeff)log(d)K6: Multiplying factor for HRxeffHRxeff: Mobile antenna height (m)Kclutter: Multiplying factor for f(clutter).f(clutter): Average of weighted losses due to clutter



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Network Database

SitesA site is a geographical point where one or several transmitters (multi-sector site or station) equipped with antennas with particular characteristics are located.


Network Database

CE (Channel Element) ConsumptionThe number of channel element required by a site depends on siteequipment, bearer type and link direction (UL or DL)

Example of CE Consumption (Huawei NodeB)

23PS64

810PS384

45PS144

45PS128

23CS64

11AMR 12.2

Nb CEs used (DL)Nb CEs used (UL) Bearer Name



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Network Database

Horizontal Pattern Vertical Pattern

Other Properties: Manufacturer, Gain (dBi), Beamwidth, Frequency

Antenna information


Network Database

TransmittersA transmitter is the source or generator of any signal on a transmission medium. A transmitter is a piece of equipment composed of some antennas located on a site.



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Transmitter Parameters

Average frequency (FDD) Average frequency (FDD) used by propagation modelused by propagation model

Carrier numberCarrier number

Spread bandwidthSpread bandwidth

Io calculation modeIo calculation mode•• Total noiseTotal noise•• Without pilotWithout pilot

Nt calculation modeNt calculation mode•• Total noiseTotal noise•• Without useful signalWithout useful signal

Default remaining orthogonality Default remaining orthogonality factor at the receiverfactor at the receiver

Maximal Ratio Combining in Maximal Ratio Combining in softer/soft softer/soft handoverhandover

Gain applied to the max Eb/NtGain applied to the max Eb/Nt on several links in SHOon several links in SHO


Transmitter Parameters

Downlink power value types Downlink power value types defined in defined in cell propertiescell properties

IoIo& & Nt calculation modeNt calculation mode•• Total noiseTotal noise•• Without pilotWithout pilot

Options related to the Options related to the compressed modecompressed mode

Default remaining orthogonality Default remaining orthogonality factor at the receiverfactor at the receiver

Options used for the soft handoff Options used for the soft handoff modeling on uplinkmodeling on uplink

Options related to Options related to HSDPAHSDPA



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CellsEach carrier on a transmitter defines a WCDMA cell; cell table gives the carrier characteristics on a transmitter.

Network Database


Transmitter Equipment Parameters

U-Net provides two ways to calculate transmission/reception losses:• Use losses of TMA and feeder to calculate• Directly set in Transmitters table



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Link budgetAnalysis

Setup networkDesign

Run PilotField

StrengthPrediction

PilotLevelOK?

TrafficForecast

Avail?

Run UMTSTraffic

simulation




Fulfilled?


allocation




Outputparameters

YESNO

YES

NO

YES

NO

Traffic model



Predictions

1. Predictions withoutsimulation(Independent of Traffic)

2. Predictions with simulations (Dependent on traffic)



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Predictions without Simulation

Coverage by transmitter:Display the best server coverage

Coverage by signal level: Display the signal level across the studied area

Overlapping zones:Display the signal level across the studied area


Coverage Prediction Parameters

Setting the following parameters:

• Signal level threshold value: defaulted as -

120dBm

• All Servers or Best Server: usually select Best

server so as to be convenient to observe the

coverage of the best cell.

• Signal level margin of the best cell: defaulted

as 0.

• Cell Edge Coverage Probability: if shadow

fading needs not taken into account, set 50%;

by default, shadow fading with 75%

probability has taken into account.

• Indoor Coverage: if checked, indoor loss set

for each clutter has taken into account.

• Carrier: select a specific carrier

or all carriers, when “All” be

selected, U-Net calculates the

best carrier for each

transmitter.



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Computation Zone

Usually, Computation Zone needs to be drawn before predictions.

Combine:

Delete:

Specially,• The computation zone may consist of several polygons. Draw a first polygon or select the existing zone on the map, then select the Combine tool of the Vector Edition bar and draw another polygon.• The computation zone may be holed. Draw a polygon or select the existing zone on the map, then select the Delete tool of the Vector Edition bar and delete the part you want to remove from the polygon.


Link budgetAnalysis

Setup networkDesign

Run PilotField

StrengthPrediction

PilotLevelOK?

TrafficForecast

Avail?

Run UMTSTraffic

simulation




Fulfilled?


allocation




Outputparameters

YESNO

YES

NO

YES

NO

Traffic model




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Traffic Modeling

Parameters setup order:

ØServices

ØMobility type

ØTerminals

ØUser profiles

ØEnvironments


Services

Service nameService name

Application Throughput Application Throughput (only used (only used with HSDPA)with HSDPA)

Circuit : DL and UL activity factors Circuit : DL and UL activity factors Packet : DL and UL packet efficiency Packet : DL and UL packet efficiency factorsfactors

Service priority (0 : lowest)Service priority (0 : lowest)

Soft Handoff optionSoft Handoff option

Type of serviceType of service

Body loss used in link budgetBody loss used in link budget

CarrierCarrier of serviceof service

HSDPA optionHSDPA option

DL and UL DL and UL average requested average requested rate rate

The R99 radio bearer required by the The R99 radio bearer required by the serviceservice

The R99 radio bearer The R99 radio bearer propertiesproperties



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Services

DDL and UL Eb/Nt targets per mobilityL and UL Eb/Nt targets per mobility

The R99 radio bearer The R99 radio bearer properties could be imported after Mobility Typesproperties could be imported after Mobility Types


l Name: eg. Static, TU3, TU50, etc.

l Ec/Io threshold: the minimum Ec/Io required from a transmitter to enter

the active set. In the U-Net, this value is verified for the best server.

l Values refer to WCDMA/UMTS specifications or commercial network

configuration

Mobility Types

Pilot quality threshold Pilot quality threshold (depending on speed) to (depending on speed) to define the define the minimum Ec/Io required

Mobility type nameMobility type name



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Terminals

Minimum and Minimum and maximum allowed maximum allowed power (UL) during power (UL) during power control power control simulationsimulation Gain and loss in terminalGain and loss in terminal

Noise figure used in Noise figure used in the DL load factor the DL load factor determinationdetermination

Active set size: Active set size: number of transmitters number of transmitters which can be connected which can be connected to a mobileto a mobile

DL rake factor used DL rake factor used for the signal for the signal recombination at recombination at the terminalthe terminal

Terminal nameTerminal name

The Rho factor (%) enables the The Rho factor (%) enables the UU--Net to take into account theNet to take into account theselfself--interference produced from interference produced from the terminalthe terminal

CCompressed mode optionompressed mode option


• Name: eg. Urban users, Suburban users; or based on user behaviors, such as Upper users, Lower users

etc.

User Profiles

User profile nameUser profile name

service service and and terminalterminal typetype

Usage frequency with different definitionUsage frequency with different definition

•• Circuit : average number of calls per hour, average duration ofCircuit : average number of calls per hour, average duration of a call in secondsa call in seconds

•• Packet : DL and UL packet efficiency factors (unsuccessful dataPacket : DL and UL packet efficiency factors (unsuccessful data retransmission)retransmission)



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Environments

List of user profiles with List of user profiles with associated mobility and associated mobility and densitydensity

Environment Environment type nametype name

Possible clutter weighting Possible clutter weighting in order to get an in order to get an accurate user distributionaccurate user distribution


Create Traffic Map

ØØ Map based on EnvironmentsMap based on Environments

• Each pixel of the map is assigned an environment class

• Traffic map is created based on combination of user

profile, user density and mobility

Purpose of traffic mapTransfer traffic modeling onto the digital map for UMTS simulations. Traffic

map makes traffic model become meaningful geographically.



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ØØ Map based on Transmitters and ServicesMap based on Transmitters and Services

• Based on Best Server Coverage Prediction

• Define throughput or user numbers per service for each transmitter

• Live traffic spread over the service area of each transmitter

Create Traffic Map


Link budgetAnalysis

Setup networkDesign

Run PilotField

StrengthPrediction

PilotLevelOK?

TrafficForecast

Avail?

Run UMTSTraffic

simulation




Fulfilled?


allocation




Outputparameters

YESNO

YES

NO

YES

NO

Traffic model




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Simulation Basis

Simulation is oriented to simulate the

running situation of networks under

the current network configuration so

as to facilitate decision-making

adjustment.

U-Net use Monte Carlo simulation to

generate user distributions (snapshots)

randomly. By iteration, U-Net get the

uplink/downlink cell loading, the

connection status and rejected reason

for each mobile. From a number of

snapshots,

U-Net is able to generate prediction

plots by using a non interfering mobile

(called “probe mobile” or “test mobile”)


Static Simulation

l Generate a certain quantity of network instantaneous state -

“Snapshot”.

q Here, some MSs or terminals are distributed based on a certain rule

(such as random even distribution) at each “Snapshot”.

l Acquire connection capability between terminals and networks by

incremental operation.

q Here, it is required to consider the possibility of multiple

connection failure (uplink/downlink traffic channel maximum

transmit power, unavailable channels, low Ec/Io and

uplink/downlink interference).

l Measure and analyze results of multiple “Snapshots” to have a overall

understanding of network performance.

Monte Carlo simulation is one type of static simulation.



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Monte Carlo Simulation

• The overlay measurement results of multiple Snapshots

should be consistent with traffic model.

500mErl

300mErl

1200mErl

1000mErl

50％

30％

120％

100％

X

X

X

X

XX

X

X

XX

X

X

XX

X

X

X

X

XX

X

X

X

XXX

X

X1

1

1

4

44

43

3

3

2

2 5

5

5

X

X


100%100% 100%100%20%20% 60%60%

0%0% 75%75% 40%40%60%60%

100%100% 100%100%20%20% 60%60%

0%0% 75%75% 40%40%60%60%

Monte Carlo Simulation

l The following takes coverage probability for an example to

further understand how Monte Carlo simulation is performed.

1st

snapshot2nd

snapshotmore snapshotSimulation result



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Simulation Parameters

Simulation NameSimulation Name

Number of simulations to Number of simulations to run for the current sessionrun for the current session

Simulation results contain:Simulation results contain:•• Only the Average Simulation and Only the Average Simulation and

StatisticsStatistics•• No Information About MobilesNo Information About Mobiles•• Standard Information About MobilesStandard Information About Mobiles•• Detailed Information About MobilesDetailed Information About Mobiles

Constraints to respect during simulation:Constraints to respect during simulation:•• maximum number of channel elementsmaximum number of channel elements•• maximum uplink cell load factor maximum uplink cell load factor •• maximum downlink cell loadmaximum downlink cell load•• OVSF codes availability OVSF codes availability


Simulation Parameters (cont.) & Results

TrafficTraffic•• Cartography selectionCartography selection•• Optional multiplicative factorOptional multiplicative factor

Convergence criteriaConvergence criteria•• Maximum number of iterationsMaximum number of iterations•• UL and DL convergence UL and DL convergence thresholdsthresholds

Simulation Parameters Simulation Results



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Rejection Reason

When constraints

above are

respected, the

network may be

saturated

The signal quality

is not sufficient

Main Reason

There are no more OVSF codes availableCode saturation

There are not enough power for cellsDL load saturation

There are not enough channel elements on siteChannel element

saturation

UL load saturation

The maximum uplink load factor is exceeded

(at admission or congestion)

Admission rejection

On the uplink, there is not enough power to transmitPmob > Pmob max

On the downlink, there is not enough reception on

traffic channelPtch > Ptch max

On the downlink, the pilot quality is not enough

(no cell in the user active set)Ec/Io pilot < Ec/Io min pilot

Sub ReasonStatus


Simulation Statistics

Request: Total users accessed into the network, uplink/downlink total volume required by the network, and details classification of each type of service.

Results:Refused users and relevant causes, users successfully accessed, actual volume of the network, and details classification of each type of service.



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Link budgetAnalysis

Setup networkDesign

Run PilotField

StrengthPrediction

PilotLevelOK?

TrafficForecast

Avail?

Run UMTSTraffic

simulation




Fulfilled?


allocation




Outputparameters

YESNO

YES

NO

YES

NO

Traffic model



Predictions Based on Traffic

Pilot quality (Ec/Io):Displays the pilot quality across the studied area.

Pilot pollution:Displays pilot pollution statistics across the studied area.



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Service area (Eb/Nt) uplink:Displays areas where the traffic channel quality of probe mobile at transmitter (Eb/Nt) is sufficient for the transmitter to get a service. Uplink service area is limited by maximum terminal power.

Service area (Eb/Nt) downlink:Displays areas where there is one or more transmitter of which traffic channel quality at the receiver (Eb/Nt or combined Eb/Nt) is sufficient for the probe mobile to obtain a service.



Handoff Status:Display areas depending on the probe mobile handoff status.

Downlink Total Noise: Display areas where the DL total noise or the DL noise rise exceeds some user-defined levels.

Effective service area:Displays the intersection zone between uplink and downlink service areas. It is the area where a service is really available for the probe mobile.



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Link budgetAnalysis

Setup networkDesign

Run PilotField

StrengthPrediction

PilotLevelOK?

TrafficForecast

Avail?

Run UMTSTraffic

simulation




Fulfilled?


allocation




Outputparameters

YESNO

YES

NO

YES

NO

Traffic model


Neighbours Automatic Allocation

•Intra-frequency

•Inter-frequency

•Inter-RAT

Display neighbors on map



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•Force co-site cells as neighbors: force co-site cells to be taken into account.

•Force adjacent cells as neighbors: force adjacent cells to be neighbours.

•Force symmetry: force neighbor symmetry.

•Force exceptional pairs: force the constraints defined for exceptional pairs.

•Reset neighbors: start the automatic allocation from scratch.

• Coverage conditions: eg. Signal Level, Ec/Io, coverage probability etc.• % min covered area: minimum percentage between the overlapping zone and the studied cell coverage area.

Neighbours Automatic Allocation

•Max Number of Neighbors：usually 32.


PSC Automatic Allocation

Step1. Define Scrambling Code Format (Decimal or Hexadecimal)Step2. Create Domain-Group pairs

define the lowest and highest available PSC, separation interval, excluded and extra codes

Step3. Assign Domain to cellStep4. Automatic Allocation

Each cell and its neighbors not have Each cell and its neighbors not have the same codethe same code

Each cell and the neighbors of its Each cell and the neighbors of its neighbors not have the same code. neighbors not have the same code. In addition, all the neighbors (first In addition, all the neighbors (first and second) cannot have the same and second) cannot have the same code.code.

•• ClusteredClusteredChoose codes among a minimum Choose codes among a minimum number of clusters. Allocate all the number of clusters. Allocate all the codes of a same cluster.codes of a same cluster.

•• DistributedDistributedUse as many clusters as possible. Use as many clusters as possible. Allocate codes from different clusters.Allocate codes from different clusters.



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Scrambling Code Audit

• The algorithm will be quite helpful after manual

correction.

• Checking Allocation Criteria

q Neighbouring Relationship

q Exceptional Pair

q Reuse Distance

q Domain

• Checking Results in Reports

q Scrambling Code Check.txt




06_u-net simulation principle and flow

Documents

huawei confidential

unet overviewl

network optimization

network lifecyclegenex

network lifecyclenetwork

unet work station

radio planning tool

postair interface test