05 piotrowski
TRANSCRIPT
Early Modern European Peace Treaties OnlineThe LOD Remix
Dr.-Ing. Michael PiotrowskiLeibniz Institute for European History<[email protected]>
@true_mxp
Pisa, December 11, 2014
Background
Original Project
▶ “Europäische Friedensverträge der Vormoderne – online” (FVV-o)▶ 2005–2010 funded by the DFG▶ Documentation, digitization, and publication of 1,800 European
peace treaties from the period 1450–1789 (primarily negotiators’copies)
▶ FVV-o has collected manuscripts that are scattered over archives allover Europe (often hard to find)
▶ All facsimiles are annotated with basic metadata; some particularlyimportant treaties are also available as full-text critical editions
Ü Open-access database at http://ieg-friedensvertraege.de/
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 1/14
Original Project
▶ “Europäische Friedensverträge der Vormoderne – online” (FVV-o)▶ 2005–2010 funded by the DFG▶ Documentation, digitization, and publication of 1,800 European
peace treaties from the period 1450–1789 (primarily negotiators’copies)
▶ FVV-o has collected manuscripts that are scattered over archives allover Europe (often hard to find)
▶ All facsimiles are annotated with basic metadata; some particularlyimportant treaties are also available as full-text critical editions
Ü Open-access database at http://ieg-friedensvertraege.de/
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 1/14
Original Project
▶ “Europäische Friedensverträge der Vormoderne – online” (FVV-o)▶ 2005–2010 funded by the DFG▶ Documentation, digitization, and publication of 1,800 European
peace treaties from the period 1450–1789 (primarily negotiators’copies)
▶ FVV-o has collected manuscripts that are scattered over archives allover Europe (often hard to find)
▶ All facsimiles are annotated with basic metadata; some particularlyimportant treaties are also available as full-text critical editions
Ü Open-access database at http://ieg-friedensvertraege.de/
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 1/14
Original Project
▶ “Europäische Friedensverträge der Vormoderne – online” (FVV-o)▶ 2005–2010 funded by the DFG▶ Documentation, digitization, and publication of 1,800 European
peace treaties from the period 1450–1789 (primarily negotiators’copies)
▶ FVV-o has collected manuscripts that are scattered over archives allover Europe (often hard to find)
▶ All facsimiles are annotated with basic metadata; some particularlyimportant treaties are also available as full-text critical editions
Ü Open-access database at http://ieg-friedensvertraege.de/
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 1/14
Original Project
▶ “Europäische Friedensverträge der Vormoderne – online” (FVV-o)▶ 2005–2010 funded by the DFG▶ Documentation, digitization, and publication of 1,800 European
peace treaties from the period 1450–1789 (primarily negotiators’copies)
▶ FVV-o has collected manuscripts that are scattered over archives allover Europe (often hard to find)
▶ All facsimiles are annotated with basic metadata; some particularlyimportant treaties are also available as full-text critical editions
Ü Open-access database at http://ieg-friedensvertraege.de/
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 1/14
Original Project
▶ “Europäische Friedensverträge der Vormoderne – online” (FVV-o)▶ 2005–2010 funded by the DFG▶ Documentation, digitization, and publication of 1,800 European
peace treaties from the period 1450–1789 (primarily negotiators’copies)
▶ FVV-o has collected manuscripts that are scattered over archives allover Europe (often hard to find)
▶ All facsimiles are annotated with basic metadata; some particularlyimportant treaties are also available as full-text critical editions
Ü Open-access database at http://ieg-friedensvertraege.de/
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 1/14
Database Search Interface
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 2/14
Example
Figure: Provisional convention of subsidy between Great Britain, the StatesGeneral, and Austria, 1746-08-31Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 3/14
Peace Treaties
▶ Peace treaties are an important part of our European culturalheritage
▶ Essential for research into early modern peacekeeping anddiplomacy, but also for many other historical research questions
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 4/14
New Project
New Project
▶ Many potential connections from and to treaties:▶ Places▶ Partners (signatories)▶ Persons▶ Document types▶ Copies/prints▶ Related literature
▶ FVV-o is open access, but not machine-processable and reusable
Ü “The goal of the project funded by the DM2E Open HumanitiesAward is to publish the treaties metadata as Linked Open Data, andto evaluate the use of nanopublications as a representation formatfor humanities data.”
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 5/14
New Project
▶ Many potential connections from and to treaties:▶ Places▶ Partners (signatories)▶ Persons▶ Document types▶ Copies/prints▶ Related literature
▶ FVV-o is open access, but not machine-processable and reusable
Ü “The goal of the project funded by the DM2E Open HumanitiesAward is to publish the treaties metadata as Linked Open Data, andto evaluate the use of nanopublications as a representation formatfor humanities data.”
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 5/14
New Project
▶ Many potential connections from and to treaties:▶ Places▶ Partners (signatories)▶ Persons▶ Document types▶ Copies/prints▶ Related literature
▶ FVV-o is open access, but not machine-processable and reusable
Ü “The goal of the project funded by the DM2E Open HumanitiesAward is to publish the treaties metadata as Linked Open Data, andto evaluate the use of nanopublications as a representation formatfor humanities data.”
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 5/14
New Project
▶ Many potential connections from and to treaties:▶ Places▶ Partners (signatories)▶ Persons▶ Document types▶ Copies/prints▶ Related literature
▶ FVV-o is open access, but not machine-processable and reusable
Ü “The goal of the project funded by the DM2E Open HumanitiesAward is to publish the treaties metadata as Linked Open Data, andto evaluate the use of nanopublications as a representation formatfor humanities data.”
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 5/14
Conversion
▶ Original database is MySQL with custom PHP front end▶ No documentation▶ “Creative” solutions, e.g., for multi-valued fields
‘partners‘ varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT ”’37,46,253’
▶ Much information is contained in unstructured “comment” fields
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 6/14
Conversion
▶ Original database is MySQL with custom PHP front end▶ No documentation▶ “Creative” solutions, e.g., for multi-valued fields
‘partners‘ varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT ”’37,46,253’
▶ Much information is contained in unstructured “comment” fields
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 6/14
Conversion
▶ Original database is MySQL with custom PHP front end▶ No documentation▶ “Creative” solutions, e.g., for multi-valued fields
‘partners‘ varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT ”’37,46,253’
▶ Much information is contained in unstructured “comment” fields
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 6/14
Current State
▶ Data has been converted to RDF (DM2E model)▶ 3 main classes:
▶ Treaties (dm2e:Manuscript)▶ Partners (edm:Agent)▶ Locations (edm:Place)
▶ Further properties:▶ dc:title for the treaty titles▶ dc:date for the treaty date▶ edm:happenedAt for linking to the location▶ rdfs:label for the names of partners and locations▶ skos:narrower and skos:broader for modeling the hierarchy of
partners▶ dc:contributor for linking partners to treaties
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 7/14
Current State
▶ Data has been converted to RDF (DM2E model)▶ 3 main classes:
▶ Treaties (dm2e:Manuscript)▶ Partners (edm:Agent)▶ Locations (edm:Place)
▶ Further properties:▶ dc:title for the treaty titles▶ dc:date for the treaty date▶ edm:happenedAt for linking to the location▶ rdfs:label for the names of partners and locations▶ skos:narrower and skos:broader for modeling the hierarchy of
partners▶ dc:contributor for linking partners to treaties
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 7/14
Current State
▶ Data has been converted to RDF (DM2E model)▶ 3 main classes:
▶ Treaties (dm2e:Manuscript)▶ Partners (edm:Agent)▶ Locations (edm:Place)
▶ Further properties:▶ dc:title for the treaty titles▶ dc:date for the treaty date▶ edm:happenedAt for linking to the location▶ rdfs:label for the names of partners and locations▶ skos:narrower and skos:broader for modeling the hierarchy of
partners▶ dc:contributor for linking partners to treaties
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 7/14
Current State
▶ Data has been converted to RDF (DM2E model)▶ 3 main classes:
▶ Treaties (dm2e:Manuscript)▶ Partners (edm:Agent)▶ Locations (edm:Place)
▶ Further properties:▶ dc:title for the treaty titles▶ dc:date for the treaty date▶ edm:happenedAt for linking to the location▶ rdfs:label for the names of partners and locations▶ skos:narrower and skos:broader for modeling the hierarchy of
partners▶ dc:contributor for linking partners to treaties
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 7/14
Current State
✔ Treaties (as “works” in the sense of FRBR)
✔ Places
✔ Partners (signatories)
✘ Persons
✔ Document types
✘ Copies/prints (“manifestations”)
✘ Related literature
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 8/14
Problems
▶ Identifying signatories is non-trivial▶ Data from comment fields (copies, prints, related literature) can’t
be extracted automatically▶ We don’t have the name of the signees (= negotiators)
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 9/14
Problems
▶ Identifying signatories is non-trivial▶ Data from comment fields (copies, prints, related literature) can’t
be extracted automatically▶ We don’t have the name of the signees (= negotiators)
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 9/14
Problems
▶ Identifying signatories is non-trivial▶ Data from comment fields (copies, prints, related literature) can’t
be extracted automatically▶ We don’t have the name of the signees (= negotiators)
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 9/14
A Pleasant Surprise
Project “Übersetzungsleistungen von Diplomatie und Medien imvormodernen Friedensprozess. Europa 1450–1789” (June 2009–May2012, BMBF)
▶ Documented all negotiators▶ Documented the languages used in the treaties
Ü We’re trying to obtain and integrate this data
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 10/14
A Pleasant Surprise
Project “Übersetzungsleistungen von Diplomatie und Medien imvormodernen Friedensprozess. Europa 1450–1789” (June 2009–May2012, BMBF)
▶ Documented all negotiators▶ Documented the languages used in the treaties
Ü We’re trying to obtain and integrate this data
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 10/14
A Pleasant Surprise
Project “Übersetzungsleistungen von Diplomatie und Medien imvormodernen Friedensprozess. Europa 1450–1789” (June 2009–May2012, BMBF)
▶ Documented all negotiators▶ Documented the languages used in the treaties
Ü We’re trying to obtain and integrate this data
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 10/14
A Pleasant Surprise
Project “Übersetzungsleistungen von Diplomatie und Medien imvormodernen Friedensprozess. Europa 1450–1789” (June 2009–May2012, BMBF)
▶ Documented all negotiators▶ Documented the languages used in the treaties
Ü We’re trying to obtain and integrate this data
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 10/14
To Do
▶ Complete linking (locations, powers)▶ Try to obtain, add, and link data on negotiators▶ Publish
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 11/14
Summary & Outlook
Summary
▶ Open Humanities Award has allowed us to take a valuable resourcefor the humanities …
▶ …and turn it into a valuable resource for the digital humanities▶ Work will continue beyond December 31: Important impetus for
further development as well as for related work on controlledvocabularies and authority files for historical research(ÚDARIAH-DE)
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 12/14
Thank You
▶ DM2E for the Open Humanities Award▶ Magnus Pfeffer & colleagues (HDM Stuttgart) for their hard work
Piotrowski 2014-12-11 Early Modern European Peace Treaties Online 13/14
Early Modern European Peace Treaties OnlineThe LOD Remix
Dr.-Ing. Michael PiotrowskiLeibniz Institute for European History<[email protected]>
@true_mxp
Pisa, December 11, 2014