03 alcate 1660sm sys des

ALCATEL 1660 SM

ALCATEL 1660SMALCATEL 1660SMSYSTEM DESCRIPTIONSYSTEM DESCRIPTION

ALCATEL 1660SMALCATEL 1660SMSYSTEM DESCRIPTIONSYSTEM DESCRIPTION

T1-1

SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONSYSTEM DESCRIPTIONSYSTEM DESCRIPTIONSYSTEM DESCRIPTION

ALCATEL 1660 SM

SectionSection--I:I: ALCATEL 1660SM ALCATEL 1660SM -- 1660SM in MSN Family1660SM in MSN FamilySectionSection--II:II: ALCATEL 1660SM ALCATEL 1660SM --Introduction into the NetworkIntroduction into the NetworkSectionSection--III:III: ALCATEL 1660SM ALCATEL 1660SM --Subsystem descriptionSubsystem description

1660 1660 System Description System Description -- IndexIndex

1660 Operation & Maintenance - Index

T1-2

1660 1660 Subassemblies Description Subassemblies Description -- IndexIndex

Section ISection I : ALCATEL 1660SM LCATEL 1660SM --Boards descriptionBoards descriptionSection IISection II : Acronyms

ALCATEL 1660 SMUNION SDH Network Scheme

CW

TC

OA

YS

STM-16/4(

)

STM-1

STM-1

T1-3

LT

SS WG

SH

TS

)

STM-1STM-1

STM-1/4/16(UNION)

ALCATEL 1660 SM

STM-16, Eth, GbE, Packet Ring, ATMSTM-16, Eth, GbE, Packet Ring, ATM

STM-64, GbESTM-64, GbE

MetroMetro

Metro CoreMetro Core

1660 SM

1670 SM

Optical Multi-Service Nodes family

T1-4

STM-1/4, Eth, GbE, Packet Ring, ATMSTM-1/4, Eth, GbE, Packet Ring, ATM

STM-4, Eth, GbE, Packet Ring, ATMSTM-4, Eth, GbE, Packet Ring, ATMMetro AccessMetro Access

1650 SMC

Metro CPEMetro CPE

1640 FOX

1662 SMC

1642 EM

ALCATEL 1660 SMAlcatel 1660 SM

State-of-the-art technology integration

Upgrade to 10G (STM-64)Four-fold traffic capacity

More HW density

CWDM OADM plug-in8 wavelengths capacity

3

4

12

STM-64STM-64CWDMCWDM

Packet RingPacket Ring

T1-5

Alcatel 1660 SMAlcatel 1660 SM

8 wavelengths capacity

4 x Any plug-inSAN Extension, Transparent Services

ISA-Packet Ring plug-inCarrier-Class Metro Ethernet Services

EthernetFiber ChannelESCONFICON

D-Video

ALCATEL 1660 SM

System DescriptionSystem DescriptionSectionSection--II

ALCATEL 1660 SMALCATEL 1660 SM

T1-6

ALCATEL 1660 SMALCATEL 1660 SMin MSN Familyin MSN Family

ALCATEL 1660 SMALCATEL 1660SM in MSN Family

1.1. The new generation MSNs 1.2. 1660SM in the MSN family 1.2. System aspect: technology 1.3. System aspect: Update standards 1.4. Network aspects: Flexibility and Network 1.5. Network aspects: Migration toward MSN 1.6. Network Protection 1.7. 1660SM equipment configuration 1.8. 1660SM network configurations

T1-7

1.8. 1660SM network configurations 1.9. Ring interconnections 1.10. 1660SM in meshed networks 1.11. Management & Control 1.12. Management & Control 1.13. Common aspect : Port Units 1.14. Common aspect : Access Modules

ALCATEL 1660 SM

The New Generation SDH equipment includes the following Multi-Service Nodes(MSN) designed with common family concepts:

1660SM1660SM STM-1/4/16 Node and small DXC

1650SMC1650SMC STM-1/4 compact ADM or multi-terminal

1.1 The New Generation MSNs

T1-8

1640 FOX1640 FOX STM-1 compact ADM or terminal for SDH extension to customer premises

1642 EM1642 EM STM-1 compact ADM or terminal for SDH extension to customer premises

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.1 The New Generation MSNs

g Alcatel OPTINEX 1660 SM is a Synchronous Multi Service Node (MSN) used to implement a generic node in the SDH Network.

g It is the main element of OPTINEX transmission equipment family, which complies with the SDH standard defined in ITU-T Recommendation G.707/G.783.

g 1660 SM is compatible with other NEs of the Optinex family and with the installed SDH network.

T1-9

network.

g As MSN it can be configured either as a full ADM or as a Terminal Multiplexer for point-to-point or ring applications, at a line rate from 155(STM1) to 2500(STM16) Mb/s.

g A wide range of different ports, both SDH and PDH are provided since the first Release. Ports with ATM and IP capability will be provided in the next releases.

ALCATEL 1660 SM1.2. 1660SM in the MSN family

34/45 Mbit/s

STM-1

STM-4

2 Mbit/s

140 Mbit/s ALCATEL1660SM

96x96 STM-1 equivalent HO matrix

64x64 STM-1 equivalent LO matrix Interfaces

Network protection EPS

T1-10

34/45 Mbit/s STM-4

ATM/IP STM-16

EPS MSP 2F MS-SPRing on STM-16 ports SNCP (N and I) at all VC layers

4x4/8x8 STM-1 equivalent ATM switch

GbE / Fast Ethernet SAN Application

ALCATEL 1660 SM1.2. System aspects: Technology

Compliance to the most recent ITU-T recommendations and ETSI standards for SDH

equipment

Use of up-to-date technologies (ASICs, microprocessors, memories, ) Centralized control architecture

Distributed power supplies

T1-11

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.2. System aspects: Technology

All equipment in Optinex family are designed with the same concepts and with the same basic technology.

1660 SM is provided with an high capacity (96x96 STM1 ports96x96 STM1 ports) SDH Matrix, which cross-connects VCs, Au4 and TUs.

ATM cell matrix have been provided.

T1-12

1660 SM has the same capability of an SDH cross-connect and its features are limited by the available external accesses only.

Support GbE / Fast Ethernet Following G.7041, G.7024 Standard (GFP, LCAS, MPLS, RPR, L2 VPN)

ALCATEL 1660 SM1.3. System aspects: Updated standards

Applied standard ITU-T G703 electrical interfaces ITU-T G707 SDH frame and multiplexer structure ITU-T G957-G958 optical interface ITU-T G826 transmission quality ITU-T G813 synchronization ITU-T G783-G841 network protection architecture ITU-T G784-G774 system management functions

T1-13

ITU-T G784-G774 system management functions

New features: Concatenation AU4-C

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.3. System aspects: Updated standards

G.703 defines standards structure and bit rates.

G.707 define SDH frame and multiplexing.

G.957-958 defines functionality and characteristics of optical interfaces.

G.826 defines performance monitoring parameters.

G.813 defines timing characteristics of SETS (Synchronous Equipment Timing

T1-14

G.813 defines timing characteristics of SETS (Synchronous Equipment Timing Source).

G.783 defines the functional objects of an SDH NE. G.841 defines the protection structures.

G.784 and G.774 define the network management principles.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

1.4. Network aspects:Flexibility and Network Topologies

Network compatibility with current ADM family

Flexibility for use in all network topologies (linear, ring, and meshed networks)

Symmetric architecture; all STM-n ports are functionally equivalent

T1-15

Full cross-connect capabilities in all configurations

Termination of multiple SNCP rings (or MS-SPRINGs)

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.4. Network aspects:Flexibility and Network Topologies

1660 SM can be introduced into the SDH networks either with new generation equipment or with existing first generation equipment.

Full compatibility is assured for transported signal as well for management functions.

The Alcatel Network Release concept has to be applied for compatibility from the management point of view.

T1-16

management point of view.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

1.5. Network aspects:Migration toward MSN

Port

Aggr.Matrix

Trib. Trib.

Aggr.

ADM

T1-17

Matrix

Port

Port Port

MSN

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.5. Network aspects:Migration toward MSN

The first vision of SDH network was: Rings or interconnected rings

Now the history shows that the networks can be meshed

Then the NE functions migrates : from ADM (Add/ Drop Multiplexer)

T1-18

from ADM (Add/ Drop Multiplexer) to Node (Multi-Service Node)

ALCATEL 1660 SM1.6. Equipment and Network Protection

EPS (Equipment Protection Switching): EPS on each equipment parts (excluding Access Boards) EPS for Matrix is hitless if operated by Force command

Network Protection: 1+1 and 1:1 Linear MSP on all STM-n interfaces (single / dual ended) HO/LO SNCP/I and SNCP/N between any SDH interface (SNCP/I only)

T1-19

HO/LO SNCP/I and SNCP/N between any SDH interface (SNCP/I only) 2 fibers MS-SPRing at STM-16

D&C functions

ALCATEL 1660 SM

EPS:g Matrix 1+1 g PDH ports

g APS:g STM-N linear single-ended 1+1 APS (MSP)g SNCP/Ig Drop &Continue for Dual Ring Protection

Notes

1.6. Equipment and Network Protection

T1-20

Drop &Continue for Dual Ring Protection

g APS:g 2F MS-SPRING

+

ALCATEL 1660 SM

NEPDH PORTS

SDH PORT

SDH PORT (SPARE)

NE Side BSide ASDH PORT

SDH PORT(SPARE)

SDH PORT

SDH PORT(SPARE)

1-Terminal Multiplexer

2-Add/Drop Multiplexer

1.7. 1660SM equipment configuration

T1-21

PDH PORTS

SDH PORT(SPARE)(SPARE)

SDH,

NESDH PORT

SDH PORT(SPARE)

SDH PORT

SDH PORT(SPARE)

SDH PORT

3-STM-n HUB

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.7. 1660SM equipment configurations

Terminal multiplexer The NE is provided with an STM-1/STM-4/STM-16 station interface (optionally with 1+1 protection)

to be connected to a Digital Electronic Cross-Connect or to a higher hierarchy line system.

Add/Drop Multiplexer The NE can be programmed to drop (insert) signals from (into) the STM1/STM4/STM-16 stream. Part of the signal is passed-through between the line sides, defined A(W) and B(E)

T1-22

STM-N HUB The NE allows to cross-connect VCs of multiple STM-N streams, grooming them into STM16

streams, in HUB structures.

Mixed Configuration The NE allows to implement in the same node all the above configurations

ALCATEL 1660 SM

NE NEPDH PORTS PDH PORTS

SDH PORT SDH PORT

SDH PORTSPARE

SDH PORTSPARE

1-Point-to-Point Link:

1.8. 1660SM network configurations

T1-23

NE NENE NE

SPARE SPARE SPAREPDH PORTS

SDH PORT

SDH AND PDH

SDH PORT SDH PORT

PORTSSDH AND PDH

PORTS

PDH PORTS

2-Linear Drop-insert

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.8. 1660SM network configurations

The most important network topologies are: Point to Point Linear Ring and multi-ring topology Meshed topology

Point-to-point link

T1-24

Point-to-point link In this case the NE can be connected to another multiplexer through a Multiplex Section

Linear Drop-insert The NE can be configured to drop (insert) PDH and SDH ports from (into) the STM-1,

STM-4, STM-16 streams, by using the VC matrix.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

RING 1

SDH AND PDHPORTS

PORTS

STM-N STM-N

STM-N STM-N

SDH and PDHPORTS

SDH and PDHPORTS

NE

NENEPORTS

Each interconnecting node can have one single NE or

1.9. Ring interconnections

T1-25

RING 2

PORTS

STM-N STM-N

STM-NSTM-N

STM-N STM-N

SDH and PDHPORTS

SDH and PDHPORTS

SDH and PDHPORTS

NENE

NE

NE

PORTS

NE

can have one single NE or two NEs. In case of one sigle

NE the D&C CXC at TU level must be adopted.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.9. Ring interconnections

Ring structure

The drop-insert function allows to implement ring structures. The VC can be automatically rerouted if the optical link breaks down or one of the

equipment nodes fails.

Rings can be single ring or multiple (usually dual) rings. In case of dual rings, interconnection can be provided in two nodes, to improve

T1-26

In case of dual rings, interconnection can be provided in two nodes, to improve availability.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

RING

SDH AND PDHPORTS

PDH PORT

STM-N STM-N

STM-N STM-N

STM-1 STM-1

PDH PORT

PDH PORT

PDH PORT

NE

NE NENE NE

NE

1.10. 1660SM in meshed networks

T1-27

STM-N

RING

SDH AND PDHPORTS

PDH PORT

STM-N STM-N

STM-NSTM-N

STM-N

STM-N

PDH PORT

PDH PORT

SDH AND PDHPORTS

NE

NENENE

NE

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.10. 1660SM in meshed networks

Meshed Topology

1660SM can be used to implement a mixed network architecture, with meshed and ring

structure.

The general Meshed topology may be used either in backbone networks or in case of

collection of traffic from peripheral nodes and from customer premises sites.

T1-28

1+1 line protection (MSP) may be used to protect against line failures and, in some cases, against node failure, by using dual hub topology too.

For this type of network topologies, 1660SM MSN performs the same functions of a

digital cross connect system, including at same time SNCP protection. Differences with

4:3:1cross-connect must be taken into account mainly for matrix capacity and for access

capacity, in terms of ports number.

ALCATEL 1660 SM1.11. Management & Control

Standard QB3 interface (G.774 infomodel) Infomodel Craft Terminal through RS-232 (38 Kbit/s) Remote Craft Terminal Support of Alcatel Q2/RQ2 Mediation Function Management of up to 32 DCC channels (with automatic re-routing) Complete network compatibility with existing equipment and TMN (IS-IS, NTP,

Dual OS)

T1-29

Dual OS) Interchangeable PCMCIA Flash Card for non-volatile data

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.11. Management & Control

1660 SM can be managed either locally or from the central OS (EML and RM).

Central OS can communicate with 1660 SM either through Qecc channels or through Q3 Ethernet interface.

Notes: IS to IS ( Intermediate System) is the algorithm adopted in OSI messaging for automatic rerouting of packet data units in the data communication network

T1-30

automatic rerouting of packet data units in the data communication network

NTP (Network Time Protocol) is the protocol used for NEs real time synchronization: the NE asks the real time clock to a Server.

PCMCIA is mounted inside the EQUICO board: it allows to save Equipment Configuration and Equipment Sw in not-Volatile memory, thus simply adapting the same Hw controller to different equipment.

ALCATEL 1660 SM1.12. Management & Control

Processing levels: Equipment Controller (EC):

1 processor for QB3 interface, Message Communication Function (MCF) and database management

SDH Matrix: 1 processor for Shelf Control (SC) 1 Performance Monitoring co-processor

No processors on Traffic Units (e.g. 63x2Mb/s Port card)

T1-31

EC SC

Co-Processor

ASICs

No processors on Traffic Units (e.g. 63x2Mb/s Port card)

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.12. Management & Control

Control features are implemented within the EQUICO and Matrix boards.

Two main levels of control are provided:

Equipment Controller (EC), including: MCF (Message Communication Function), for DCC routing

T1-32

VMMF (Virtual Machine Management Interface), to process the equipment data in order to present the infomodel to the management system

Shelf Controller (SC) with PMMF (Physical Machine Management Function), to control the real physical resources: this controller directly interfaces the ASICs.

EC+SC form the SEMF+MCF functional blocks specified in G.783 Rec.

ALCATEL 1660 SM1.13. Common aspects:Port Units

PORT UNITS:PORT UNITS: 63 x 2 Mbit/s

63 x 2 Mbit/s ISDN-PRA

3 x 34/45 Mbit/s switchable

4 x 140M/STM-1 switchable

4 x STM-1 electrical

T1-33


4 x STM-1 electrical / optical

1 x STM-4 optical

1 x STM-16 optical

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.13. Common aspects:Port Units

As part of the new OPTINEX family, 1660SM shares most plug-in units with 1650SMC

In this way, network upgrade capacity is improved and costs and spare management are optimized.

The main difference, compared with 1650SMC, is that SYNTH board is not used in

T1-34

The main difference, compared with 1650SMC, is that SYNTH board is not used in 1660SM: to get more flexibility it is substituted by Matrix+EQUICO boards

STM-1 electrical / optical interfaces are mounted on plug-in modules that allow flexible combination of electrical and optical (short or long haul) ports on the same unit

ALCATEL 1660 SM1.14. Common aspects:Access Modules

ACCESS MODULES:ACCESS MODULES: 21 x 2 Mbit/s

3 x 34 Mbit/s

3 x 45 Mbit/s


T1-35


2 x 140/STM-1 O/E adapter

High speed protection

2 x STM-1 electrical / optical

STM1 electrical /optical Module

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

1.14. Common aspects:Access Modules

Access Modules for PDH ports are separated from Port Modules.

Access Modules hold the physical connectors for: PDH ports, SDH ports, Management Interface (Q3 and Q2), External clock,

T1-36

External clock, Alarms and Housekeepings, Auxiliary channels Power supply

In this way a better scalability is obtained in configuring the equipment.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

System DescriptionSystem DescriptionSectionSection--IIII


T1-37

ALCATEL 1660 SMALCATEL 1660 SMIntroduction into the NetworkIntroduction into the Network

ALCATEL 1660 SM

OPERATIONSYSTEM

GATEWAYCRAFT

TERMINAL

OPERATIONSYSTEM

GATEWAY

LANBRIDGES

LANBRIDGES

1660SMGATEWAY

DCNLAN

LAN

QB3F F F1660SM 1660SM 1660SM

2.5. 1660SM in the Management System

T1-38

DCC

NE NE NEF

CRAFT TERMINAL

F

F

DCC DCC

DCN : DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORK

1660SM1660SM1660SM

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

2.5. 1660SM in the Management System

The management of the NE is performed by : Craft Terminal (CT). Operations System (OS) made up of one or more Workstation, whose function is widened to network

management. Further it permits the connection to the Telecommunications Management Network (TMN).

Craft Terminal interface is an EIA-RS232 type (F interface). It can be: local, connecting the Craft Terminal via the F interface.

T1-39

remote, from another SDH equipment or SDH gateway of the network where a Craft Terminal is connected (to the F interface), addressing the actual equipment. In this case the management information is transported by the optical network, using DCC bytes (Qecc link), or routed by a LAN. When Remote Craft Terminal option is used, a max of 32 equipments are manageable by means of one F interface.

Interface QB3 allows to establish connection with the OS; the management information can be transported by the optical network, using DCC bytes (Qecc protocol) or by a dedicated LAN network. It supports dual addressing to OS, allowing OS redundancy protection.

ALCATEL 1660 SM2.6. 1660SM connected to the OS

T1-40

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

2.6. 1660SM connected to the OS

Connection between NE and OS is performed in the following way: The EC Equipment Controller (physically within EQUICO unit) transfers messages

between QB3 and DCC. To forward TMN messages towards other NEs, the Equipment Controller uses the QECC

bus connected with the STM-1 ports. Messages are transmitted on D1:D12 bytes of STM (DCC). The connected NE extracts the

messages from these bytes and sends them to the Equipment Controller.

T1-41

messages from these bytes and sends them to the Equipment Controller. In the selected NE the Equipment Controller uses the MANAGEMENT BUS to exchange

data with the units.

Data are transferred towards the OS via the STM-1 DCC. In all the NE not involved in DCC termination, the Equipment Controller passes through the DCC between the two opposite STM-1 ports (STM-1 port A and STM-1 port B in the example).

ALCATEL 1660 SM

System DescriptionSystem DescriptionSectionSection--IIIIII


T1-42

ALCATEL 1660 SMALCATEL 1660 SMSubsystems DescriptionSubsystems Description

ALCATEL 1660 SMINDEX

3.1. 1660SM Sub-systems 3.2 Sub system & involved cards 3.3. 1660 SM Mechanical Sub-system 3.4. 1660SM layout: Access Area and Basic area 3.5. 1660SM layout: reserved slots 3.6. Payload Sub-system: general characteristics 3.6. Payload Sub-system: general characteristics 3.7 Payload Sub-system: External Accesses 3.8 Payload Sub-system: Cards Connections

T1-43

3.8 Payload Sub-system: Cards Connections 3.8. High Order Low Order connection for 1660SM 3.9. OH and DCC Sub-systems 3.10. Control and SW Sub-systems: general 3.11. Control and SW Sub-systems: Architecture 3.12. Control and SW Sub-systems 3.13. Synchronization Sub-system 3.17. Network Protection : SNCP

ALCATEL 1660 SMINDEX

3.14. Equipment protections 3.15. Equipment Protection : example 3.16. EPS: resume of characteristics 3.17. Network Protection : MSP 3.18 Network Protection : Drop & Continue 3.18. Drop & Continue with 1660SM 3.18. Drop & Continue: failure 3.18. Drop & Continue with 1660SM 3.19 Collapsed dual node ring interconnection

T1-44

3.19 Collapsed dual node ring interconnection 3.20 Collapsed single node ring interconnection 3.21. Network Protection : MS-SPRING 3.22. Network Protection:Squelch in MS-SPRING

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.1. 1660SM Sub-systems

1660SM Sub-systems

Mechanical Sub-system

Payload Sub-system

OH Sub-system

Control Sub-system

DCC Sub-system

SW Sub-system

T1-45

SW Sub-system

Synchronization Sub-system

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.1. 1660SM Sub-systems

SDH Equipment basic structure

A general SDH equipment can be abstracted in 7 main Sub-systems:

Mechanical Sub-system: Rack, Shelf, Boards, Connectors, Cabling;

Payload Sub-system: Hw and SW devoted to transfer payload from input to output ports,

T1-46

managing cross-connections and payload related alarms and performance parameters;

OH Sub-system: Hw and Sw devoted to manage clear and message channels (typically

users channels) embedded into SDH frame, at any level of hierarchy.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.1. 1660SM Sub-systems

Control Sub-system: Hw and Sw drivers devoted to manage the NE as an Agent of the

management system, allowing configuration, performance and alarms management.

DCC Sub-system: Hw and Sw devoted to DCN embedded DCC into SDH MSOH and

RSOH .

SW Sub-system: Application SW, as part of Control Subsystem, devoted to to manage the

T1-47

SW Sub-system: Application SW, as part of Control Subsystem, devoted to to manage the

NE as an Agent of the management system

Synchronization Sub-system: Hw and Sw devoted to recover Synchronization signal

from external network (SDH or PDH), in order to provide internal clock and optionally to

supply an external clock.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.2 Sub system & involved cards

T1-48

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.2 Notes: Sub system & involved cards

T1-49

ALCATEL 1660 SM

The access area:

slot 1-9, 13-21: access cards

slot 10: CONGI A

slot 11: SERVICE

slot 12: CONGI B

3.3. 1660 SM Mechanical Sub-system

T1-50

slot 12: CONGI B

The basic area:

slot 22: EQUICO slot 23, 40: Matrix

slot 24-39: High speed / Low Speedport

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.3. 1660 SM Mechanical Sub-system

Mechanical Sub-system: Rack, Shelf, Boards, Connectors, Cabling Three types of cards are used :

Access card: board containing the signal physical interfaces ( electrical connectors) Ports card: board that performs the SDH signal processing Module (electrical or optical) : special plug-in card ( of small dimensions ) inserted on

the front panel of some SDH port cards.

T1-51

EQUIPMENT view: 1660SM is composed of one shelf containing 21 slots in the access area and 19 slots in

the basic area. The two areas are located on different lines inside the shelf.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

CONGI A: Remote alarms, Station alarms,

Housekeeping, QB3 (10base2 and 10baseT), Q2/RQ2, Power A;

CONGI B: Remote alarms, Housekeeping,

Power B;

SERVICE: AUX and Synch interfaces;

3.4. 1660SM layout: Access Area and Basic areaE

Q

U

I

C

O

M

A

T

R

I

X

A

M

A

T

R

I

X

B

C

O

N

G

I

A

C

O

N

G

I

B

S

E

R

V

I

C

E

6

5

0

T1-52

MATRIX : 96x96 STM-1 Matrix&CRU, SC;

EQUICO : Equipment Controller (EC).

Traffic units except STM-16Traffic units except 2Mbit/sElectrical access modules2xSTM-1 Optical Access Module Electrical protection for High Speed interfaces

19

E

Q

U

I

C

O

M

A

T

R

I

X

A

M

A

T

R

I

X

B

STM-16STM-16

STM-16

STM-16

STM-16

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes3.4. 1660SM layout: Access Area and Basic area

Mechanical Sub-system Access Area:

21 slots : first 9 slots and last 9 slots are for Access Cards the 3 central slots are reserved for: CONGI-A, SERVICE and CONGI-B

CONGI= Control & General interface SERVICE has similar functions as SERGI in 1650SMC

Basic Area:

T1-53

Basic Area: 19 slots:

the first slot (#22) is reserved for EQUICO (Equipment Controller) second slot (#23) and last but one slot (#40) are reserved for Matrix (Main and Spare)

Notes: CONGI-A and CONGI-B are usually both equipped, to protect the battery connection: they are mainly

used for power supply and they hold the battery connectors (A and B) on the front panel ; CONGI-A holds the MAC Address of the NE; two bus terminations are plugged-in (fixed) near the slots 22 and 41

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Access AreaAccess Area

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L30

3.5. 1660SM layout: reserved slots

T1-54

Basic AreaBasic Area

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41

L20 L35 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L20 L35 L20

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes3.5. 1660SM layout: reserved slots

Mechanical Sub-system Enhanced HS port slots: these are slots 25-26, 28-29, 34-35 and 37-38

These are slots where STM16 boards can be plugged-in These slots are connected to the Matrix by means of 8xSTM1 equivalent links,

instead of normal 4xSTM1 equivalent link Enhanced slots are reserved either for STM16 ports or for other HS ports Each STM16 port board is connected with two enhanced slots toward the Matrix, in

order to get full connectivity of 16 AU4.

T1-55

LS ports are the 2Mb/s ports (P63E1 board): max 6 LS port boards LS Accesses are the accesses for 2Mb/s: max 18 LS Access boards HS ports and HS Accesses correspond to 34, 45, 140, STM1 and STM4 ports

Slots marked as LS can be equipped with 2Mb/s Ports or with 2Mb/s Accesses only. Slots marked as LS-HS can be equipped either with LS boards or with HS boards. Spare board for LS port boards can be inserted into slot#32 only

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.5. 1660SM layout: reserved slots

Port Card Acronym Port Card Slot Access Card acronym Access Card SlotP3E3T3 24 A3E3 2P3E3T3 25 A3E3 3P3E3T3 26 A3E3 4P3E3T3 27 A3E3 5P3E3T3 28 A3E3 6P3E3T3 29 A3E3 7P3E3T3 30 A3E3 8P3E3T3 31 A3E3 9P3E3T3 32 A3E3 13P3E3T3 33 A3E3 14

Relation between P3E3T3 and A3E3(3x34Mb/s)

T1-56

P3E3T3 33 A3E3 14P3E3T3 34 A3E3 15P3E3T3 35 A3E3 16P3E3T3 36 A3E3 27P3E3T3 37 A3E3 18P3E3T3 38 A3E3 19P3E3T3 39 A3E3 20

Notes: there is exactly the same that you see the previous table between the following boards: P3E3T3 and A3T3 (3x45Mbt/s), P4S1N, P4E4N, and A2S1, P4ES1N(4xSTM-1 Electrical) and A4ES1

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.5. Notes

Port Card Acronym Port Card Slot Access Card acronym Access Card SlotA21E1 1

24 A21E1 2A21E1 3A21E1 4

27 A21E1 5A21E1 6A21E1 7

P63E1 30 A21E1 8

Relation between P63E1,P63E1N and A21E1

T1-57

P63E1 30 A21E1 8A21E1 9

32(spare) ------- -------A21E1 13

33 A21E1 14A21E1 15A21E1 16

36 A21E1 27A21E1 18A21E1 19

39 A21E1 20A21E1 21

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.6. Payload Sub-system: general characteristics

Payload architecturePayload architecture:

based on a centralized matrix with only connection function but capability of autonomously deciding protection switching based on the concept of in-band signaling;96x96 HPC 64x64 LPC

no functional difference between aggregate and tributary ports;

backpanel connections running at 622Mb/s (2x622 Mb/s for enhanced slots)

T1-58

backpanel connections running at 622Mb/s (2x622 Mb/s for enhanced slots)

up to 63 x 2 Mb/s and 4 x STM1 (electrical) single board.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.6. Payload Sub-system: general characteristics

1660SM architecture is based on a central VC-Matrix, which can cross-connect VC, AU4 and TU

All Ports are connected to the Matrix in the same way, without any difference between the port types.

LO and HO connections are always performed by the matrix: no direct connection between two ports is allowed

T1-59

between two ports is allowed

There is no constraint for the timeslot change for each cross-connection (e.g.: TU12#n of an SDH port can be cross-connected to TU12#m of another SDH port, with n and m generic)

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.7 Payload Sub-system: External Accesses

96x96 STM-1 equivalent HO matrix

64x64 STM-1 equivalent LO matrix Interfaces: Up to 64 STM-1 Up to 64 140Mbit/s Up to 16 STM-4 Up to 4 STM-16 Up to 378 2Mbit/s

T1-60

Up to 378 2Mbit/s Up to 48 34/45Mbit/s

Network protection MSP/MS-SPRing on STM-n ports(2F MS-SPRING) SNCP (N and I) at all VC layers

4x4/8x8 STM-1 equivalent ATM/IP switch

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.7 Payload Sub-system: External Accesses

External Accesses can be PDH or SDH interfaces, from 2Mb/s up to STM16

ATM and IP over SDH have been provided, using same interfaces or other suitable physical interfaces.

The Matrix has a capacity of 96 bi-directional STM1 ports, of which 64 ports can be structured.

T1-61

structured. Comparing with other MSNs:

Both 1650SMC and 1640FOX have a Matrix with 32 STM1 equivalent bi-directional ports;

How the capacity can be fulfilled: e.g. four STM16 ports have 4x16 STM1s; if they are all structured (up to VC3 or VC12) and cross-connected to each other, the LO capacity of the matrix (LPC) is saturated.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Legenda:

(2)

(1) 2 Mbit/s to 2 Mbit/s connections, 34Mbit/s to 34 Mbit/s connections,45 Mbit/s to 45 Mbit/s connections, 140 Mbit/s to 140 Mbit/s, 155 Mbit/s to 155 Mbit/s

STM-1 to STM-4/STM-16 connections

STM-4 to STM-4, STM-16 to STM-16.

Notes

3.8 Payload Sub-system: Cards Connections

T1-62

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

STM-1 to STM-4/STM-16 connections

140 Mbit/s to STM-1/STM-4/STM-16 connections

34 or 45 Mbit/s to STM-1/STM-4/STM-16 connections

2 Mbit/s to STM-1/STM-4/STM-16 connections

ALCATEL 1660 SM

See notes (1).(5) attachedMATRIX

(2)(3)

(4)(5)

(1) (1)MATRIX spare

STM-4 STM-16

3.8 Payload Sub-system: Cards Connections

T1-63

63x2 Mbit/s 34/45 Mbit/s 140 Mbit/s STM-1

MATRIX

(1) (1) (1) (1)

main

access card access card access card access card

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.8. High Order Low Order connection for 1660SM

The following table illustrates the connections for each unit:

T1-64

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.8. Notes

The connections can be realized at VC-12, VC-3, and VC-4 level using a not blocking matrix present on the MATRIX unit.

Several types of connections may be established, such as: Unidirectional Point to Point Unidirectional Point to Multipoint Bidirectional Point to Point

The maximum matrix cross connection capability can be 96 x 96 STM-1 equivalent port at VC-4 level or 64x64 STM-1 equivalent port at VC-12 / VC-3 level + 32x32

T1-65

port at VC-4 level or 64x64 STM-1 equivalent port at VC-12 / VC-3 level + 32x32 STM-1 equivalent port at VC-4 level.

AU4-4C and AU4-16C concatenated signals can also be cross connected between any STM-4 and STM-16 ports.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

G.A. G.A. G.A.

EQUICO

STM-N port STM-N port STM-N port

SERVICE

DCC/AUXEXTRACTION

DCC/AUXEXTRACTION

DCC/AUXEXTRACTION

DCC BUS A

QAUX

OH Matrix

3.9. OH and DCC Sub-systems

T1-66

DCC MANAGEMENT

EQUICO SERVICE

4 X G.703 64 Kbit/s

Order Wire ExtensionEngineering

INTERFACES

DCC A

2 x 2 Mbit/s G.7034 x V11

4 x RS232

OH Matrix

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes3.9. OH and DCC Sub-systems

Main features concerning with OH access are performed within SERVICE Card. The SERVICE card can be used as required:

to externally access the EOW interface to connect the external access point to the SOH and POH bytes of the units (termination) to allow SOH and POH bytes to pass through the various units.

The external access points of the SERVICE card are: one local operators set for speech connection, with the following types of connections:

between two stations (selective call) among three stations (multi-selective call)

T1-67

among three stations (multi-selective call) omnibus call

Engineering order wire extensions four V11 64kb/s data channels four RS232 64kb/s data channels four G.703 64 Kb/s data channels two 2 Mbit/s G.703 data channels

On the SERVICE units a not blocking matrix performs SOH and POH bytes cross connections The matrix cross connect the RS232, V11, and G.703 data channels.

The matrix also receives: DCC bi-directional link from EQUICO (DCC-A) and from STM-n port; AUX bi-directional link from STM-n ports.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.10. Control and SW Sub-systems: general

Control architecture: 2 level architecture (Equipment Controller and Shelf Controller), based on isolation of

processes in three groups:

line and network protections

EPS, configuration, alarm reporting, performance monitoring

management interfaces, info model, DCC routing

T1-68

Dedicated Co-Processors (PC): HW incorporation of features that were SW in the old generation (e.g.: performance monitoring, failure filtering, network protections)

Elimination of card controllers; at most three processors in the main shelf (with redundancy option)

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes3.10. Control and SW Sub-systems: general

Equipment Sw is supported by the following Hw: Equipment Controller (EC) is implemented by the EQUICO card. Shelf Controller (SC) is implemented as part of the MATRIX card. Peripheral Controller (PC) is a set of FPGA Co-processors, for specific functions

EC EC provides the HW/SW for the communication between NE and Management system (OS, Craft

Terminal, etc). SC

SC provides the resources to support the SW functions related to the control and management operation

T1-69

g1+1 Matrix + Timing EPS:The OMSN architecture merges on the same card the Matrix and Timing, as well asthe Shelf Controller driving this circuitry and the peripheral logic of each service/traffic card equipped in the shelf.Every failure condition blocking the availability of one of these centralized functions initiates the EPS switchalgorithm, which affects simultaneously the three parts.

gThe hardware and software implementation is based on a Matrix + Timing + Shelf Controller switchingmechanism intrinsically traffic hitless; the typical real case emulating this situation is the EPS switch

commanded by operator while there aren't pending failures on the active unit.

SC provides the resources to support the SW functions related to the control and management operation of the boards.

PC is part of Shelf Controller

ALCATEL 1660 SM

CONGI a

Rack LEDs Housekeeping Alarms

NOT SDH NE OS

Local Craft Terminal

QB

Remote and

RA

REMOTEOPERATION

SYSTEM

CONGI b

EXTERNALINTERFACE

EXTERNALINTERFACE

QMD QAUXRE/HK

QBRE/HK

SERVICE

EXTERNALINTERFACE

3.11. Control and SW Sub-systems

T1-70

MATRIX a MATRIX b

FCraft Terminal

EQUICO

ISSB

Management BUS

QECC

SDH units

PDH unitsSTM-1AccessModulesSERVICE

Management BUS

STM-1

EC

SC SC

FLASHCARD

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.11. Control and SW Sub-systems: Architecture

Equipment Controller (EQUICO board)Equipment Controller (EQUICO board) EC) performs all the SW functions related to control and management, like info-model

processing, event reporting and logging, equipment data base management, SW downloading, etc.

To support these activities, the EC uses a not- volatile RAM (Flash card), where MIB (Management Information Base) and SW Releases are stored.

T1-71

Shelf Controller (SC within the Matrix Board)Shelf Controller (SC within the Matrix Board) SC directly interfaces the ASICS on the boards implementing the SDH functions for data

collection (faults or alarm event detection, performance monitoring data) and configuration management.

As the SC is involved in critical activities ( for instance EPS ) , it is 1+1 protected SC is connected to HW-based Co-processors (PC), implemented by FPGA, e.g.: Protection

Co-Processor, Performance Monitoring Co-Processor etc.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.11. Control and SW Sub-systems: Architecture

Control SubControl Sub--system internal connectionssystem internal connections (Internal busses) For the controller sub-system the following Internal Busses are defined:

Management busManagement bus (including: Intra-Card Parallel Bus, Intra-Shelf Parallel Bus, Control Serial Bus) that allows: connection between SC and boards for configuration data provisioning remote inventory data acquisition data collection (alarms ) and commands handling (e.g.loops)

T1-72

data collection (alarms ) and commands handling (e.g.loops)

IntraIntra--shelf Serial Busshelf Serial Bus (ISSB) for communication between EC and SC Note:Blocks marked FUTURE EXTENSION are shown only to demonstrate the

equipment capability for up-grading.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.12. Control and SW Sub-systems

External interfaces toward Craft Terminal, OS and External interfaces toward Craft Terminal, OS and Mediation DeviceMediation Device

F interface: available from the EC for connection to a local Craft Terminal; electrical interface and connector are provided by EQUICO card. The standard implementation of the physical layer for the F interface consists of an RS-232 UART port accessible from the EQUICO card front panel.

T1-73

port accessible from the EQUICO card front panel.

QECC interface: TMN related communication interface based on Embedded Communication Channels (D bytes), used to implement the DCN network toward the OS.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.12. Control and SW Sub-systems

QAUX interface: additional TMN communication interface for message exchange between NE and Remote OS station based on the use of a 2 Mbit/s proprietary protocol (customized feature).

QMD interface: Q2/RQ2 Mediation device interface, to connect 1660SM with non-SDH NEs; both the master and slave modes are supported. RS-485 interface and connector are provided on the CONGI card.

QB2/3 interface: dedicated to OS connection. Both QB2 and QB3 options can be supported for

T1-74

QB2/3 interface: dedicated to OS connection. Both QB2 and QB3 options can be supported for the connection to a WAN or LAN respectively. QB2 protocol stack requires an RS-485 interface, while QB3 requires a 10 BASE 2 or a 10 BASE T interface. The Qx physical interfaces are provided by CONGI card.

RE / HK interface: parallel I/O signals for remote alarms and housekeeping I/O. The relevant electrical interfaces are placed on the two CONGI cards, and they are controlled by the EC through parallel I/O ports.

RA interface: commands toward the rack to light up the relevant lamps.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.13. Synchronization Sub-system

T1-75

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.13. Synchronization Sub-system

The general structure of SETS (Synchronous equipment Timing Source) is the following : the SDH Equipment clock accepts up to 6 synchronization inputs from a number of

sources:(INPUT) T1 is the clock derived from STM-N line signal; T2 is a signal 2 Mbit/s containing both data and clock information; T3 can be a 2 MHz or a 2 Mbit/s signal internal oscillator (source 0).

T1-76

internal oscillator (source 0). Automatic selection of one of these sources is achieved by selector B using quality (SSM

algorithm) or priority criteria. Also manual selection is possible. The SETS implemented in the Matrix card allows two external 2MHz/2Mb/s inputs

(T3/T6) and two 2MHz/2Mb/s outputs (T4/T5): connectors for T3 and T4 are on the front panel of Service card.


Notes

The working modes: locked holdover free running

are compliant to the ITU-T G.810, G.812 and G.813 Recommendations.

T1-77

A PLL is present that maintains locked the System clock to the one selected as a input in case the equipment works in the "locked" mode.


Notes

As the MATRIX is redundant, the synchronization function is redundant as well.

The synchronization system guarantees the Hitless switch because the two MATRIX works in a Master-Slave mode. In order to maintain locked and in phase the two G.A. some signal are exchange on the SYNC BUS.

T1-78

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.14. Equipment Protection

Matrix Card : EPS protection 1+1 (not REVERTIVE)

LS Port Card: N+1 EPS protection (N=1...6).

Spare Board has to be plugged in the slot 32. The same access cards are shared between main and spare ports.

Only one protection scheme

T1-79

HS Port Card: N+1 EPS protection only for HS electrical ports (N=1....15 with max 8 protection

schemes). The constraints are the following: for the protecting port the corresponding access card has to be an HPROT access card

(without connectors) the protecting card has to be plugged at the left side of the protected port or ports (the

same rule has to be respected by the corresponding access cards). the main/spare ports have to be adjacent.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.14. Equipment protections

MATRIX Main in slot 23 Spare in slot 40

CONGI: slots 10 and 12 (protection for Battery input only)

T1-80

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.14. Equipment protections

The hardware failures causing automatic EPS protection switch can be grouped as : failures causing the internal equipment link loss as powering KO, Clock loss, card missing

(referred as LOS/LOF) failures causing traffic loss (the internal link is preserved) as for instance unlocked

oscillator, optical module defective, electrical interface defective and so on. failures not causing traffic loss nor internal link loss but causing loss of management as

ISPB failure or SPI failure.

T1-81

Moreover some failures can cause equipment malfunctioning ( as remote inventory fault, laser degrade, loss of DC/DC synchronism ).These hardware faults are signalled to the management system and do not provokes an automatic switch.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.15. Equipment Protection : example

T1-82

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.15. Equipment Protection : example

Low Speed (LS) port protection: 2 Mbit/s speed ports . LS ports are connected in a fixed way to the relevant access cards using point-to-point connections. To connect the 63x2 Mbit/s

streams, 3 access cards are needed.

Spare LS port board is connected with all the access cards using point-to-multipoint connections.

Only one protection group N+1 revertive can be created because the spare port card must be in a

fixed position : Slot 32

T1-83

fixed position : Slot 32

Switches to select between main and protection links are located on the access cards and managed by a

microprocessor. The switch is activated in case of failure.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.15. Equipment Protection : example

High Speed (HS) port protection: 34 Mbit/s , 45 Mbit/s , 140 Mbit/s and 155 Mbit/s electrical ports. Up to 16 HS Port Cards can be housed in the basic area. For electrical HS ports the corresponding

access cards have to be put in the access area with fixed relations

More than one protection group N+1 revertive can be created (max 8), depending on the equipment configuration. For each N + 1 protected group the revertive mode is supported while the 1+1 EPS can be only not revertive.

T1-84

can be only not revertive.

The spare card position can be assigned in a flexible way . The only constraint are the following : the access card corresponding to the spare card must be an HPROT card the HPROT card has to be plugged at the left side of the access card group the main/spare ports have to be adjacent. the protecting card has to be plugged at the left side of the protected group of ports the protecting/protected group of ports have to be of the same type (except 34 and 45Mb/s).

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.16. EPS: resume of characteristics

EPS protection is applicable to the PDH/SDH traffic cards with electrical interfaces. In the latter case the EPS is applied to the interface traffic card only; the access module cards are part of the line and unprotected. General characteristics of the EPS protection mode are:

Switching criteria: card-missing, card-fail

Switching time: max 50ms

T1-85

Switching time: max 50ms Operation mode:

1+1 EPS always non-revertive N+1 EPS always revertive w/ fixed WTR = 5 minutes

External commands to control the switch position: Manual, Force, Lockout, Clear

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.16. EPS: resume of characteristics

EPS for 2Mb/s ports, 34/45Mb/s, 140Mb/s Ports and STM1 Electrical Ports.

Equipment modularity and implementation peculiarities have been be case by case mentioned in the description of the individual EPS protection.

T1-86

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.17. Network Protection : MSP

Single endedSingle ended

Dual endedDual ended

T1-87

Dual endedDual ended

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.17. Network Protection : MSP

Notes In single ended mode the protection is accomplished by switching only the signal affected by the failure. In dual ended mode the protection is accomplished by switching both the affected and the unaffected signals.

MS linear trail Protection (1+1 linear APS) 1+1 linear APS (single ended/dual ended MSP): line protection for STM-N interfaces only. Switching criteria are : LOS, LOF, MS-AIS, Excessive BER, and, with software setting, Signal

Degrade. Note that each STM-1 electrical stream can be protected by an optical stream and vice versa. Switching signaling (in dual ended) is carried over the APS channel (K1 and K2 bytes), using the K-

T1-88

Switching signaling (in dual ended) is carried over the APS channel (K1 and K2 bytes), using the K-byte protocol.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.17. Network Protection : SNCP

BRIDGE

SWITCH

T1, T2 PASS-THROUGH

T2 PASS-THROUGH

T1 PASS-THROUGH

2

T1

T2

4

3

Side ASide B

Side ASide BSNCP/I or SNCP/N

T1-89

SWITCH T1 PASS-THROUGH

T1 PASS-THROUGH

T2 PASS-THROUGH

COUNTERCLOCKWISECLOCKWISE

T2

T1

1 5

Side B

Side A

Side B Side A

Side B

Side A

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.17. Network Protection : SNCP

SNCP (Sub-Network Connection Protection) Two types of SNCP are possible:

SNCP/I (Inherent monitoring) that switches on SSF criteria (AU-AIS and AU-LOP for HVC and TU-LOP/TU-AIS for LVC).

SNCP/N (Non-intrusive monitoring) where POH is monitored by the POM enable before the matrix. The switches criteria are SSF and one or more of ExBER, TIM, UNEQ, SD; in this case the same selection must be made on each N.E. of the ring. (SNCP/N is not available in current

T1-90

same selection must be made on each N.E. of the ring. (SNCP/N is not available in current Release).

Two operating modes can be selected for single VC SNCP:

revertive (the signal is switched back into the working channel, after recovery of the fault)-In the revertive operation the Wait time to restore (WTR) is fixed at 5 min.

not revertive

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.18 Network Protection : Drop & Continue

The Drop and Continue features simultaneously realizes the following on one node: unidirectional pass-through protected drop insertion in one direction

T1-91

The configurations achievable are: D/C-A INS-A D/C-B INS-A D/C-B INS-B D/C-A INS-B

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.18 Network Protection : Drop & Continue

Drop & Continue (dual node interworking) Drop and Continue (D&C) is a way of protecting a path crossing a number of sub-

networks, e.g., rings. The sub-networks should be connected through at least two nodes. The equipment is configured as DROP and CONTINUE at each interconnection node.

The subnetworks equipment implement the SNCP connection.

T1-92

1660SM allows to implement D&C by using one single NE at each interconnecting node as D&C cross-connection can also be implemented at TUn level: this is a very important feature in inter-connecting rings.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.18 Drop & Continue with 1660SM

Drop and Continue is a way of protecting a

path crossing a number of sub-networks,

rings.

The sub-networks should be connected through

at least two nodes (so realizing two independent connections).

INSA

A B A B

INSB

D/CA INSA D/CB INS B

15

3 4

2DC A IN A DC B IN B

T1-93

A

A B A B

INSA INS

B

D/CB INSBD/CA INSA

7 98

6 10

DC A IN A DC B IN B

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.18. Drop & Continue: failure

1

2 5

3 4

T1-94

6 107 9

8

Drop & Continue1st failure

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.18. Drop & Continue: failure

1

2 5

3 4

T1-95

6 107 9

8

Drop & Continue2nd failure

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.18. Drop & Continue with 1660SM

Drop & Continue connection (D&C CxC) This cross-connection mode is used in dual protected SNCP ring configurations, when

two rings are interconnected either in at one single node or at two network nodes. The slide shows the functional scheme of D&C CXC at TU level.

There are many different ways to implement the D&C CXC: with two NEs at each node, with one single NE at each Node, with two interconnecting Nodes or with one single interconnecting node

Notes

T1-96

interconnecting node

1660 SM allows to interconnect two SDH rings by using one single NE at each interconnecting node, because the Line ports can independently operate from each other.

Drop&Continue protected connection must be implemented twice at each interconnecting NE, at TU level.

Normal SNCP is used at termination nodes.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.19 Collapsed dual node ring interconnection

Respect to the configuration Drop and Continue, "Collapsed dual node interconnection" allows a Hardwarereduction, since an OMSN contains several ports and a path signal can be connected in protected mode, from a generic port to another one, on the same

T1-97

generic port to another one, on the same equipment.

The sub-networks' equipment implement the SNCP connection.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.19Collapsed dual node ring interconnection

This architecture affords protection against multiple failures (evenly distributed one per sub-network) tolerated without traffic loss (node failure or single cable cut).

Notes

T1-98

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.20 Collapsed single node ring interconnection

Respect to the configuration " Drop and

Continue", "Collapsed single node

interconnection" allows the best

Hardware reduction; as a matter of

T1-99

fact four nodes are collapsed in one

node.

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.20 Collapsed single node ring interconnection

The disadvantage of this configuration it's that you create a single point of failure

Notes

T1-100

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.21. Network Protection : MS-SPRING

The MSMS--SPRING protection is an alternative with respect to SNCPSPRING protection is an alternative with respect to SNCP. While MS-SPRING allows to share for different connections, in different spans, the same AU4 that can be

inserted and extracted in each span, on the contrary the SNCP connection engages the same

AU4 on both sides for the whole link.

The bandwidth of a 2F MS-SPRING is divided into two halves of equal capacity called

T1-101

respectively working (AU4# 1 to AU4# 8) and protection capacity (AU4#9 to AU4# 16).

The AU4# 1 is protected by AU4#9 up to AU4#8 that is protected by the AU4#16. The

working capacity is used to carry the high priority traffic, while the protection capacity

can be used for low priority traffic that is lost in case of failure (in this Release the low priority connection are not managed).

ALCATEL 1660 SM3.21. Network Protection : MS-SPRING

The MS- SPRING algorithm starts as a consequence of the following Section alarms: LOS, LOF, MS AIS, EXBER (B2), SIGNAL DEGRADE (B2)

T1-102

ALCATEL 1660 SM

WORKING CHANNELS

PROTECTION CHANNELS

BRIDGE

PROTECTEDSIGNAL

2

3

BRIDGEside A

SWITCHside A SWITCH

side B BRIDGEside B

B A B A

BA

1

3.21. Network Protection : MS-SPRING

T1-103

SWITCH

(*) All protecting AU4 are put in Pass-through in the 5th and 6th NEsPROTECTED

SIGNAL

5 4(*) (*)

A

BABA

B

6

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes

3.19. Network Protection : MS-SPRING

MS-SPRING principle The following MS-SPRING (Multiplex Section- Shared Protected Ring) type is

supported in the current Release: 2 fiber MS-SPRING at STM-16 (VC4 level), compliant to the ITU-T Rec. G.841.

In case of fibre break the APS for 2F MS-SPRING uses a synchronized sequence of bridge and switch operations that modify the internal connections of the two NEs adjacent to the failure and permits the high priority traffic to be restored.

T1-104

NEs adjacent to the failure and permits the high priority traffic to be restored.

Only the NEs adjacent to the failure are interested to the switch and bridge functions while for all other NEs the final configuration is a pass through of all protection (low priority) AU4s. Note: the max number of NEs in a ring with MS-Spring is 16, due to the limitation of

K1.K2 protocol.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

3.22. Network Protection:Squelch in MS-SPRING

PORT 3

B

B

1 2 3

AU4 #1

BRIDGEside A

SWITCHside A

PORT 1 PORT 2

AAU4 #1

PORT 4

BAU4 #1

AAU4 #1

SWITCHside B

BRIDGEside B

AIS ONAIS ON

(SF/SD) (SF/SD)A

T1-105

Working Channels

Protection Channels

6

5 4

AIS ONAU4 # 9

PASS-THROUGH

AIS ONAU4 # 9

PASS-THROUGH

AIS ONAU4 # 9

PASS-THROUGH

AIS ONAU4# 9

AIS ONAU4 # 9

A

BABA

B

Isolated Node

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes


The Squelching function is activated when a node that carries Drop/Insert streams, remains isolated because of a double failure, in order to avoid that the low priority traffic goes toward a wrong destination.

In case of double failure, to avoid misconnection on the AU4 involved in MS-SPRING protection, an AIS signal will be inserted on Low Priority streams transmitted from the nodes

T1-106

adjacent to the isolated one.

ALCATEL 1660 SM

Notes


Description of the example: Before Node 2 isolation because of the double failure , the following connections were active using the

AU4#1

Stream between Port 3 and Port 1

Stream between Port 2 and Port 4

After a second failure, the Nodes adjacent to the isolated Node 2 send AIS on the Low Priority traffic (AU4#9) by means of the Squelching function thus avoiding the misconnection between Port 3 and Port 4.

T1-107

Port 4.

If the Squelch function were not active, the MS-SPRING algorithm would activate the Bridge and Switch functions on the nodes adjacent to Node 2 thus misconnecting Port 3 and Port 4 using AU4#9 as protection. Thanks to squelching function, the nodes adjacent to isolated Node 2 send AIS on Low Priority AU4#9 avoiding misconnection between Port 3 and Port 4.

After the failure has been removed, a similar reverse sequence of operations on the NEs adjacent to the recovered span will be activated. The reverse procedure can start after a step programmable WTR.

03 alcate 1660sm sys des

Documents