02 - the art of woodworking - cabinets and bookcases

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THEARTOFWOODWORKING

HOMEWORI$HOP



SAFETYIPS

Powerools. Wearappropriate afety ear: afetyglasses, face hield orextra rotectionan dhearing rotection.

f there sno custcollectionystem, ea r dustmask.Fo rexotrc oods uc has ebony, sea respi-rator;he sawdust ay ause n al lergicreaction.Wearworkgloves he nhan-dl ing oughumber.

o Drape he power ordof a portablepoweroo lover ou rshouldero keepit ou t of the way.

. Concent raten he ob;do not ush.Neverworkwhen ouare ired,stressed,or have een r ink ing lcohol r us ingmedicat ionshat nduce rows iness.

. Always eep ourworkarea leanand idy;c lut ter an ead o accidents,an dsawdust ndwood craps anbe afi e hazard.

. Keep ourhandswel laway romaturning lade r bi t .

o Do not us ea tool f anypart swornor damaged.

Handools

. Use heappropriateoot or he ob :do not ry o make tooldo somethingfo rwhich t wasnot ntended.

. Clamp ou rworkpieceo freebothhands oran operation.

o Cu taway romyourselfatherha ntoward ourbody.

. Do no t orce tool; f possible,ryremovinges s tock neachpass.

. Keep he edges f cuttingools harp

WORKSHOPUIDE

TURNINGNDCARVINGOOLS

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THEARTOFWOODWORKING

CABINETS

ANDBOOKCASES



CABINETS

THEARTOFWOODWORKING

AN{DBOOICNES

TIME.LIFE OOKSALEXANDRIA.IRGINIA

ST.REMYPRESSMONTREAL. EWYORK



PUBLISHERPR-ESIDENT

Series ditorSeries rt Director

SeniorEditors

Art Directors

Designers

Research ditorPictureEditor

WritersResearchssistant

Cont buting IIu rato s

AdministratorProductionManagerSystem oordinator

PhotographerProofreader

Indexer

KennethWinchesterPierreL6veill6

PierreHome-DouglasFrancine emieuxMarc Cassini Text)HeatherMills (Research)

NormandBoudreault,Luc Germain,Solange aberge

Jean-Guy oiron, Michel GiguEre,H6ldneDionTimMcRaeChristopher acksonAndrewJones,Rob LutesBryanQuinnGillesBeauchemin, ollandBergera,Michel Blais,Jean-Pierre ourgeois,RonaldDurepos,RobertPaquet,James h6rienNatalieWatanabeMichelleTirrbidefean-LucRoyRobertChartierIudith YelonChristineM. Iacobs

THECONSUTTANTS

fon Arno is a consultant,cabinetmakerand freelancewriter who lives n Tioy,Michigan. He alsconducts eminars n wood dentification ndearlyAmerican urniture design.

Kam Ghaffari s a freelance riter and editor.He hashis own businessn Rhode slanddesigning nd building one-of-a-kindand im-itedproduction urniture. Kam'sbackgroundalso ncludesworking professionallyn furniture reproductionand fine carpentry, ndstudyingwith furniture patriarchsWendellCastle fthe U.S.and FredBaierofEngland.

GilesMiller-Mead taught advanced abinet-

making at Montreal echnical chools or morethanten years.A nativeofNew Zealand, ehaworked asa restorer f antique urniture.

fosephTruini is SeniorEditor of HozeMechanixmagazine. formerShopand ToolsEditor of PopularMechanics, e hasworked ascabinetmaker,ome mprovementcontractorand carpenter.

Cabinets nd bookcasesp. cm.-(The Art of Woodworking)Includes ndex.ISBN0-8094-995-2 trade)

l. Cabinetwork-Amateurs' manuals.2. Bookcases-Amateurs'manuals.I. Time-LifeBooks. I. SeriesTTr97.C23684.1'6-dc20 93-20771

CIP

For nformationabout anyTime-Lifebook,please all l-800-621-7026, r write:Reader nformationTime-LifeCustomerServiceP.O. oxC-32068fuchmond,Virginia23261-2068

@1993 ime-LifeBooks nc.All rights reserved.No part of this book may be reproducednany orm or by anyelectronicor mechanicalmeans,ncluding nformation storage ndretrievaldevices r systems, ithout prior writ-ten permission rom thepublisher,except hatbriefpassages aybe quoted or reviews.First printing. Printed n U.S.A.Published imultaneouslyn Canada.

TIME-LIFE is a trademarkof TimeWarner ncU.S.A.

R 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

THE ARTOF WOODWORKING wasproducedbyST. REMYPRESS

Time-Life Books s a divisionof Time-Life nc.,a wholly ownedsubsidiary f

THE TIME INC. BOOK COMPANY

TIME-LIFEBOOKS

PresidentVice-President

Editor-in-ChiefDirectorof Editorial Resources

MarketingDirectorEditorialDirectorConsulting ditor

ProductionManager

Iohn D. HallNancyK. JonesThomasH. FlahertyEliseD. Ritter-Clough

ReginaHallLeeHassig

fohn R. SullivanMarleneZack



CONTENTS

t2T4T 6L92024

4042

444550525456

6062

646672

848688930004

6 INTRODUCTION

CABINETMAKING BASICSWoodmovementSelecting nd ordering umberLumber defectsPreparing tockCabinetmakingoinery

BOOKCASEAnatomy of a bookcase

Bookcase ccessoriesAdjustable helvingFixedshelvesEdge reatment or shelvesFace ramesBases nd feet

ARMOIREAnatomvof an armoire

Pilasters'CornicemoldingsDoors

BLANKET CHESTAnatomy of a blanketchestTopsBases ndfeetHardwareInlays

106 HIGHBOY108 Anatomy of a highboy

110 Assemblinghe upperchestLlz Cabriole egs116 Assemblinghe owerchest118 CockbeadingI20 DrawersL24 CrownmoldingsL28 Rosettes130 FinialsI34 Quartercolumns

136 Applied sculptures

I4O GLOSSARY

I42 INDEX

T44 ACKNO\{LEDGMENTS



INTRODUCTION

Nain Morcelandhis

LIBRARYI.]NIT

he ibrary unit shownhere,madeout of Hondurasmahogany, asoneof my

I first big commissions.t wasbuilt in the shop co-ownwith Frdddric oeven,

a fine cabinetmaker. ehadbuilt a ot of singlepiecesn thepast,but thiswasour

first opportunity o experiment ith theplanningandconstruction f a arge,nte-

gratedwall unit.Our first stepwas o takeaccurate easurementsf the oom hat heunit would

occupy. hishad o bedone erycarefidly,incewallsarenot always traight. hedif-

ference anbeasmuch as% nch. Sowe measuredetweenhewallsat the corners

of theroom andagaineveryew nches ut.Weonlywantedo cut our stockonce!

With measurementsn hand,wedesignedhepiecen theshop.Our clientwanted

a traditionalEnglish-libraryook,whichwaswhy we chose darkmahogany.he

French oorsalsocontributedo the classicalppearancefthe unit.

Themostcriticaldesign onsideration as o make ure hebookcasesould be

wellproportionedor thesize f the oom.The elationshipetweenheheight, epth

andwidth of the unit had o beright. Toprovideourselvesith avisual eferences

we cut and assembledhecomponentsf thestructure,we drewa full-scale lanof

the oomon he looroftheshop. hisenableds o keep rackofall hepiecesndposition hem n theirproper ocations swewentalong.

We usedmahogany-veneerediberboardor thebasic tructure nd oined he

pieces ith biscuits.Mostof theshelvesreadjustable;heysit onbrass helfsupports

whicharescrewednto sleevesn theside anels.Weadded olidmahoganybanding

twice he hickness f the shelfstock, o the front edges f the shelveso give hem

more igidity.The backpanels it n rabbets ut nto thebackedges f the unit.We

made hepaneled oorsout of solidmahoganysingmortise-and-tenonointswith

a ine ntegrated olding. hecornicemoldings made p of three eparateieces

of wood ndividually haped ndglued ogether eforebeingapplied o the unit.

We inished hebookcasesith a darkred mahogany tain ollowedby severaloats

of cellulose-basedacquer,henwipedon aglazing tain o accentuatehemolding

andgive hepiece naged ppearance,

Alain Morcel operates esRialisationsLoeven-Morcel,a

cabinetryshop n Montrdal, Qutbec,along with hispart-

ner,Fr,lddricLoeven.The shopspecializesn architectural

woodworkand reproductionsof antiquefurniture.



INTRODUCTION

abouthem.All containnelementf mystery,ustwaitingo beexplored.ho canresistpeningsmall oorwitha iny urned nob nd pinner,i liftinghe idof

adovetailedeepsakeox? skPandora.To hecabinetmaker,ase ieces reapleasure,swellasa challengeobuild.Thepossibleay'out ombinationsreendless:oors,drawers,helves,ull-out rays,dividers, igeonholes,ndoneof my favorite omponents,ecret bmpartmenls.Nothing hrillsa customermore han o be old hat heirnewacquisition,as hiddencompartment. nd nothingadds o the anticipationmore han o say t is up tothem o find t.

Woodworkerspecializingn individuallybuilt ieceshriveon variety.concentrateon caseshat arenot availableommercially,uchasa special-sizeieceo fit a specificspot,a l5-drawer ameraabinet, display aseor a watch oll-ction, r a inwarecupboardike heoneshown n thephotograph.t was nspired y a shaker riginalI saw t heRenwick allery f theSmithsoniannstitutionn 1973.Theupboard

is oneof themostversatile iecesbuild,equally uitablen a hallway,edroom, ath,kitchen, r living oom-anlnvhere paces at apremium.

Each iece make nvolveshe ntegiation f functionanddesign.he eal hallengecomesn thebuildingprocess.ood expandsuringsummer'sumidityandshrinksduringwinter's ryness. boardmoves crosstswidth,while ts ength emains ir-tuallyconstant. nyconstrainthat physicallyimits his movementlnvitesisaster.Moldings annot eglued crosscabinet ide;nsteadhey ideon dovetails.oorframes recut rom relativelyarrowquartersawnood o minimizemovement,hilethewidepanels re ree o float n their grooves. he rames etween rawersmusttelescopen andout of theirmortise-and-tenonoints o follow hemovement f thecase ides. acks,ikedoors, onsist f quartersawnrames nd loating anels, or-tisedand enonedo providestrength nd resist acking,Evenhe gapiabove ach

drawermustbe figuredpreciselyo keep hem rom swelling hut.when theelementsf design, ood,and oinerycome ogithercorrectly,hecase

will survive o hat uturegenerationsill becomentriguedenougho want o turntheknob,open hedoor,andsearchor thesecretompartment.

ChrisBecksvoortescribeshe

CHALLENGESFCABINETMAKING

ase ieces---<upboards,ureaus,ookcases,hests,ideboards,ndotherassort-edcabinets-are t bestmerely lorified oxes. et here ssomethingpecial

ChrisBecksvoort uildsfine urniture at his workshopin New Gloucester,Maine. He is shownherewithhis tinware cupboard n theMeetingHouseat the

Shaker ommunityof Sabbathday ake,Maine.



INTRODUCTION

l 1

MarioRodriguLeztalksboutbuildinghis

CORNERCUPBOARD

1 A f henmywifeand started ouse-huntingn thecountrywe ooked tnewcon-

V V temporary omes, ewhousesuilt n traditional tyles,ndol dhouses

Naturally, econsideredhingsike ayout, eating ystems,nddependablelumbing.

Butwewere tilldrawn o oldhouses.orme, herewas heknowledgehatan old

house as uiltbyhand-from thehand-dugoundationightup to thehand-splitshingleoof.Oldhouses ere uiltwithsheertren$h uided yexperiencendskill.

Weended pbuying noldhouse.

Walkinghrbugh ur place ousee urfaceshatundulate nd ipple rom hand

planeshaipasedoverhemnearly 00 ears go. here re hestnuteams ith shirn-

mering, ateted urfacesut by an adzeand hick,pine loorboards tudded

with hind-wrought ails.Nl thedoor-ways,antels, ndpaneling ere roduced ith

handplanesromchoiceHudsonValley ine.No flakeboardr finger-jointedase

moldine ere.I waited obuilda specialpieceor thedining oom.With tsmassiretoneireplace

it is heheart f thehouJe.n the 8th Centuryife evolvedroundhis oom. decided

to build hecorner upboardhownn thephotoandplacet oppositehe ireplace

It's ikely hatasimilar iece ccupiedhesame potmany ears go.I built hecupboardrom igermaple;muchof t wasmade sing ntique and ools.

I shapedhemoldingwithplanes ndscrapers,ome fwhich mademyself. hehard

mapie urfaceserJhand laned, ot sanded,ndup close oucansee.mallbits f

tearout-justas.you ould indoncupboardsrom he BthCentury.he nterior f

thecasesfairly traightforward,sideroma ewangles.t ismade fpineandoined

withdadoesnd ab6etoints ecuredith srnall utnails. mortised nd enonedhe

cabinetrames nd ined hesash ith oid,seededlass.even sed dark,less-refine

shellaco give hewoodawarmhoney olor. hen t was ubbedwith amlxtureof

pumice nldinseed ilto achievenantique-likeatin inish. made hecabinet s

it wouldhave een uilt200 ears go.When t was ompletedndplacedn thecorner

thecupboard nd heroom cameo life.Togetherhey ake ou back o the lBth

Centurv.t'saperfectmatch.Likeapainting, piece f furnitureneedsheproper ettingo createhe ightmood

andatmoiphere.ot only s heproper eriod nvironmentmportant,utso sscale

color, nd ighting. hese re onsiderationshatwillheightenhe mpact f hepiece

andcontributeolts success.wouldenjoymy cupboard lanted q'where utwithout

a doubt enjoyt ntoreinthe ining oomof my beautiful ldhorne.

MnrioRodriguezeochesoodworkingt WarwickCotuttryWorkjnps rt

Warwick,NewYork, ndat theFttshionnstitute fTechnologyn NewYork

City.He s also contributirtgditor f FineWoodworking tngctzine.



CABNETKG

BASICS

hereare wokindsof skillinvolvedn constructing

finecabinetr bookcase:uttingtogetherhebasic keletonf thepiece nd henembellishingt.

The inials nd osettesf theQueen nnehighboyeaturedon page106mustbe turnedwith care na atheand henartfullvcarved:he distinctivepilastersf anarmoirepage 0)require arefirlttentionopro-duce n he outer. utalthoughthese istinctive dornmentsmay aptureviewer'sttention,theyalso eflect truism:Noamount fdecorationill con-

cealhedefectsf apoorlybuiltstructure.hischapterooksndetail t hebasic kills ouwillneedo selecttock, reparet

Panels reoftenmadeof boards dge-gluedogether.

Thepieceshould roduce pattern hat s visually

interestingwhile hegrain of all theboardshould unin thesame irection. marked rianglewill help

yourearrangehe boards orrectlyf theyaremoved

beforelueup.

on a sketchpage 8)will helpyoupurchasehe ight umberforyourproject.

With your stock n hand,youcanbeginhestep-by-ste

processf buildinga carcaseThis egins ithpreparingtock(page 0)andgluinguppanels

Qage a).A variety f cornerjoinery ptions,ncludingand-cutdovetailsndplateorbis-cuit)oints, re resentedegin-ningon page 6.Nextcomesinstallingback anelpagel)

and inalglue-upndassemblyThe rame-and-panelethod

ofbuilding cabinetsdescribe

startingnpage 2.This ech-nique spopular otonly or tsappearance,utbecauset allowsfor woodmovement.n manyframe-and-panelabinets,herofessionally,nd hen assem-

ble t into a sturdy oundation or yourcabinetor bookcase.

The basics f cabinetmakingbegin ith an understanding

ofwood.Thesections n dealingwith woodmovementpage

14),orderingwo od, page16),andpreparing cutting istbased

panels reraised"-that

is, heyhave evels ut around heir

edges. ot only do thebevelsenda decorativeouch,but they

alsoallow he wood o expand ndcontractwhilepreservinghe

worKs ntegrity.Raising anelss shownstartingon page 6.

A skew hisel emoveslivers f wasterom the

dovetailsn a drawer ide.Cutting he oint by

hand spainstakingbut t impartsa traditional

and distinctiveook o a Diecef furniture.



WOODMOVEMENT

ood is a hygroscopic aterial,absorbingnd eleasing oisture

as he elative umidityof thesurround-ingair rises nd alls.And as hemois-

turecontent fa piece fwoodchanges,sodo its dimensions ndweight.Whenwood s assemblednto apiece f furni-ture, the changes an produceprob-lems-somegreat, ome mall. cabinetdoor hatshuts moothlyn Decembermay not close t all in lune;aperfectlysquare ookcasean iterally ull itselfapart t he ointsashumiditychangesthroughout the year.Knowing howmoistureaffectswood will help vouavoid hese roblems.

Thewater n wood s measuredsa percentagefits oven-dry, r water-freeweight. orexample,f a4O-poundpiece fwooddrops o 30pounds henoven-dried,he weightof the shedwater-10 pounds-divided by thewood's ry weight-30 pounds-is themoisture ontent f the originalpiece:in thiscase, 3percent.

Woodholdswaterboth asvapor-likemoisture alledreewatern its ell cav-itiesandasboundwatern thecellwalls.

Whenwood s cut and exposedo theair, t shedsts reewater irst. Whenallfreewater s expelled,he wood s saidto beat ts ibersaturationoint(FSP),

typically etween 3 and30 percentmoisture ontent. o hispoint here asbeen o changen thedimensionsf hepiece;t simplyweighsess. s wooddries urther,however, ater s shed romthe cellwalls,causinghem-and theboard-to shrink.

Undernormalcircumstances,oodnever egainsts freewater;a driedboard's el lcavities ill alwaysemainemptyof moisture. ut the amountofboundwater ontainedn thecellwallschanges ith shiftsn the humidity ntheair.At 100percentelative umid-ity,wood reachests FSP. t 0 percenthumidity,wood sdrained f all water,The elativemoisturen theatmospherenormally allsbetweenhese alues, ndthe moisture ontent f mostwoods

ranges etween and20percent. till,the fluctuation n relative umiditybetweenypicalNorth Americanwin-tersand summers ancause ubstan-

tialwoodmovement ver he courseof a year.

Youcancompensateor this n severalways.Usea humidifier n winterand adehumidifiern summer o keep heindoor evelof umidity sconstint s

possible. emembero makeallowfor woodmovementn theconstruof yourwork.Using rame-andjoineryfor example page 2)will

vide space or wood to expancontractwithoutaffectinghe ovcondition f thepiece. omewoodsto movemore hanothers; onslumberdealero find themostdimsionally table peciesor yourpro

Moistureontentbove 0% no hange)

Moisturdontent tFSP-26%nochange)

Moistureontentt 17% %" hrinkage)

Moistureontent t 13% %" hrinkage)

Moistureontent t 8o/o'1" hrinkage)

As hemoistureevel fa 2-by-10lain-sawnlank fsoftwoodumberdrops elowhe iber aturat ionointFSP),hewood hrinks.t 17per-cent,heboards% nchnarrowerhan t was t tsFSP;t loses nother% nch fwidth hen i ln-dr iedo8 percent.hr inkageependsart lyon hedensi tyf hewood;eneral ly,denserpecieshrinksnd wellsmorehan ighterne. apwoodlsoendso changensizemorequicklyhan eartwood.



CABINETMAKING BASICS

WOODHRINKAGE

Tangentialnd adial hrinkageWood oes ot hrink niformly;sshown

by hedotteded inesn he l lustrat ion

at r ight,angentialhrinkage-tangento

th egrowthings-isaboutwice sgreat

as adial hrinkage,hich ccurscross

the ings. h is i f ferenceausesoards

andpanelsowarp s hey hrink rswel l

with hangesn re lat iveumidi ty.t can

also auseointso oosenr ightenro m

excess ressure,sdiscussedelow.

Shrinkagelonghe ength f a boards

usual lynsignif icant .2-by-10lankhat

shr inks nch crosstswidthmightose

lesshanXe nch long n8-footength.

WOOD RAINND OINERY

0ptimizingrain irectionThe ocationf he angentiallanesfmating oardsi l l igni fcant lyf fectjo int 's trengthnd tabi l i ty.n he de-

alsituation-ashownn he l lustrationof a mortise-and-tenonointat eft-the

tangentiallanesf oined iecesreparal le l .h is nsureshat heboards

wi l lexperienceimi lar oodmovement

in he ame irect ions heirmoisture

contenthanges.r ient ingoardshisway elps revent oint rom omingloose;t also reventshemating oardsfrom plitt inghenhey well ithhigh-

er evels f moisture.

r<an4ential

plane

1 5



SELECTING ND ORDERING UMBER

V ou canbuy he umber or yourI woodworking roject rom several

sources, achwith itsown advantagesand drawbacks. he ocal umberyard

is often he mostconvenient upplier,but the selectionmaybe imited o con-structionwoods uc haspine,spruce,and other softwoods. hough youmay ind theoccasionalache f hard-woodat a umberyard, ou will prob-

ably have o venture farther afield,consultingwoodworkingmagazinesto find dealers ho soecializen thehardwoods sedn cabinetry. ricesorgoodhardwoodumbercanbehigh,but as s often he case,ouwill gener-

allygetwhat you pay or.Sometimesou canbuy ocallycut

lumber rom a smallsawmill, ut the

woodwill oftenneed o be seasonedand urfaced.erycledoards re row-ing npopularity,result f hescarci-ty of certainwoods nd hegrowing

sensef environmentalesponsibilityfeltbv manvwoodworkers.hetherremovedromanoldbarnorapiece ftimewornurniture, uchwoodmay erelativelynexpensivend,becausetoftenoriginatesromoldgrowthimber,it canbevisually ndstructurallyupe-rior o thesmall illets f youngerum-beravailableoday.

Beforerderingourwood, onsideryour equirementsarefullynd eferothe ollowingips ohelp ougetwhat

youneed t areasonableost..Species:sk or hespecificood

species,ot a broad amily ame. or

example, rderWestern ed cedasimply edar. obeabsolutelyure,the botanical ameof thewoodwant and ask or it.

.Quantity:Letyour supplier whether ou areordering n boardor lineal eet.A lineal oot referboard'sength, egardlessf its wand hickness.heboard oot sa msureof thevolumeof woodt t isusIy necessaryo refer o board eeorderinghardwoods, hich areoavailablen randomsizes nly.

.Size:Wood ssold n nominal athanactual izes.omakeallowancthe difference henordering urf

lumber.A nominal 2-bv-4 s actl '/ i '-by-31"The hickness f wooftenexpressedsafraction n qua

CATCUTATINGOARDEET

0rderingumber y heboardootTheboardoot sa unitof measurementommonlysed hendealing it hhardwoodumber. sshown elow,hestandardboardoot sequivalento a piece fwood inch hick, 2inches ide, nd12 nchesong. ocalculatehenumberfboardeet n a particulariece fwood,multiplyts hree -,iy6:[,::;#f,

dimensions,hendividehe esult y 44 if thedimensions difterent,ize oardgare l l n nches.rbv12 f one f hedimensionss n eet.

1-by-3= 2 board feet iThe ormula ora standard oard:I " x 12" 12" I44 = I (or1" 12" 1 ' 12= I)So f youhada 6{ooflong -by-4,ouwould alculateheboardeetas ollows: "x 4" x $'+ 12= 2 (or2 boardeet).Other xamolesre hownn he llustration,ememberhatboardeetare alculatedn hebasis f nominalatherhanactual imensions.

l-D!-O = + OOarATeeT ',

1-by-12=Bboardfeet

1"x 12" 12"= 1eLandardboard oot

2-by-4=5%boardfeet

2-W-6 = B board feet i,




of an nch.A 2-inch-thick oard, or

example,s expresseds%; urfacing ill

reducet to 1%nches.Wth unsurfaced

or greenwood, he nominaland actual

dimensionsre hesame.. Grade: The primary difference

between igh and ow grades f hard-

wood umber s appearanceather han

strength. ecausehe grade fa board

isdeterminedy heproportions f clear

wood it contains,argehigh-grade

boards re ar moreexpensivehan ow-

er-gradeoards.f you needonly small-

er high-gradeieces ou cancut them

out ofa lower-gradeoard,atgreat av-

ings.Consultyour ocaldealeror a chart

ofthe differentgrades vailable.

primarydifferenceetweenhe tw o

is the moisture ontent MC) of the

wood.Kiln-driedwoodhasamoisture

contentof about8 percent;t will not

drv anv urtherwhenused or indoorfuiniture.Air-driedwood hasan MC

of 12 o 15percent. hiswood soften

chosen y carvers,r by woodworkers

whoprefero dry their ownwood..Surfacing: urfacingeferso how

wood sprepared t the mill beforet

comeso the umberyard.Hardwood

lumber susually urfacedn bothfaces(S2S).fyouhave planer ndajointer,

buying rough umber and surfacing

it yourself il l prove ess xpensive.

THE TAGESFCABINETRODUCTION

Likemost asks,hebui ld ing

of a oiece f urnitureanbeaccomplishedost moothly

andeff c ient lyf you akea

methodicalpproach. ostprojectsnvolvehestepsist-

ed below;hey houldecar-

ried ut n hesequencehown,

startingt hedrawing oard

and nding ith f inal nspec-

t ion.Formaximumff ic iency,lay ut ouroolsn heshop

so hatyourwoodol lows

relat ivelyirect outeromrough tocko nalassembly.Considerationsordeterminngyour eeds ndorderingoo d

are iscussedt eftandonpage

18 .Stock reparationnd oin-

erybegin npage 0.

rDesignnd lan iece. List nd rdermaterials. Preparetock.Joint ne ace nd dge

. Planetherace

. Rip owidthrGrosscuto ength. Cutoints.Sand eforessembly.Assembleomponents.Finishan doMake nd nstall oors

anddrawers'APPIYinish.Giveinal nspection

. Seasoning:umber s soldeither

kiln-dried KD)or air-dried AD).The

t 7



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

CUTTINGISTS

Makingnd sing cuttingis tA cutt ingist ecordshe rnishedizesof umbereededora particulariece f

furni ture.f one snot ncludedi th heplans oupurchase,ouwillhaveo makeyour wn asedna sketchf hedesign.Usehe ormulahown npage 6 ototal henumberf boardee t oreachcomponentf heprolect;dd20 to 40percentdependingn hespecies)oaccountorwastenddefectsn hewood.Fo r hebookcasehown t right, hichtotalsoughly4boardeet, ou houldpurchase7 o 20 boardee t f% umberinaddi t iono heplywoodor heback fthecase. sshown elow,cutt ingistshouldnc ludehename f he ompo-nent,hequant i ty ,hedimensionsfeachpiece,nd hewood pecieselectedortheproject.or onvenience,ssignachpiece kev etteror ater eference,

CUTTINGlSTPiece

ATop

B Bottom

CSide

DFixedhelf

EAdjustablehelves

FBack

Qtv.

1

IaZ

1

1

Adjuotableehelf

Th .

1 u

1',

1 u

1 u

1 u

Y" '

w.10'

10'

10"

10'

10'

24',

L.

23Yo'

23Yo'

4z',

23%'.

zL-k

42',

Material

ash

as h

asn

as h

asn

plywood

Boardeet

1 . 6

1 . 6

5 .8

1 . 6

3 .0



LUMBERDEFECTS

T umberdefects ay educe board's

L.i strength r workability r mar ts

appearance.r, n thehandsof a cre-

ativewoodworker, omedefectsmay n

factbecome isual ssets,ransformingan ordinary iecento a work of art.

DEFECTSNWOOD

Mostdefects,owever,re ndimin-ishedrouble. lthoughomemayresultfromdamageo hestandingree r helumber ut rom t, hegreatestumber

ofdefectsre roducedy rregularry-ingof hewood.

The chartbelow llustrates omeof

themostcommondefects nd details

theway n whichmostcanbe correct-

ed;with diligentuseof theband saw

even hemostseriouslyupped oards

canbesalvagedpage 1).

CHARACTERISTICS

Appearssa whorl ncircledysoundissue. ormedsgirth f ree ncreases,raduallynvelopingranch.ivebranchesntegrateith urroundingood,esultingn

tight nots; ead tubs annotntegrateith urroundingtissue,ormingead r oosenots.

Anaccumulationn hesurfacef heboard r n pocketswithinheboard. suallyevelopshe n ree as uf -fered n njury, xposureo ire, r nsect ttack.

REMEDIES

Tight nots anbecutoutorused,asappearanceictates;ead rloose notsmustbe emovedbefore orking ithstock.

Dono tuse tockf a qualityf in ishs equired,sgumwil lbleedhrough os tinishes.

Crook

ffilJ---------/Twist

.-'-t-ZY--t'--Split

€

Lengthwiseupturesrseparationsn hewood, sually Ca n ecutoff '

causedy apid rying. ay ompromisetrengthndappearancefboard.

Anend-to-endurve longhe ace, suallyausedyimpropertoragef lumber.ntroducesnternal tresses

in hewoodha tmaket diff iculto cut.

Anedge-to-edgeurve crosshe ace.Commonntangentiallyutstock, rboardsutcloseo hepith,

if one ace f a board as ess ontact ith heair hantheother.

End-to-endurve longheedge, ausedy ncorrectseasoningrcuttingheboard loseo hepithof a ree.Weakenshewood,makingt unsuitableorweight-bearingpplications.

Unevenr rregulararpinghen ne orners notalignedith heothers. esultsrom nevenrying r

a cross-grainatternhat s notparallelo heedge.

Similarochecks,ppeartngsseparationslonghegrovuthings. lso nown s ing heck r ing hank.Resultsrom mproperryingfwood r elling amage.

Flatten owed oards n hejointer,rcut nto horterieces,

thenuse he ointer.Cuppedoardsanbesalvagedon heband aw page1)orflattenedn he ointer.

Board anbesalvagedy ointing

and ipping asterom heedges.Crookedoardsemainnstable,andmay otstain r inishwell.

Boardanbe lattenedn ointer,

orcut nto horteroards.

Boardanbeused, utsplitmaymar heappearancef hewood,becomingore oticeablehenstainsapplied.

l 9



PREPARING TOCK

/l nce ouhave esignedproject nd\-rl purchasedhe umber, ou mustpreparehe stock,ointingandplaningit smoothandsquare,utting t to the

properdimensionsndsanding nysur-faceshat will be difficult o reachwhenthe work sassembled.

The proceduresou followdependon how he woodwassurfacedeforeyoubought t. For rough,unsurfacedIumber, irst smoothone aceon the

jointer, henoneedge, roducingwoadjoining urfaceshatareat 90o o eachother.Next,plane he other aceof the

board o make t parallel o the When he stocks quareandsmyouare eadyto ip it to widthandccut t to length.

ForS2Sumber,whichhasalrhadboth acesurfaced,ou needjoint oneedge crosshe ointer,

cut o width and engh.S4S tockall oursurfacesressed,anbe ripandcrosscutmmediately;nly surthatwill begluedogethermustbe oed.Before luingup anypart ofyproject, emembero sandanysurthatwillbehard o reach fter sse

A jointerproduces smooth,even

edgeon a hardwoodboard.For bes

results, eta cutting depthbetween

Vtaand t/einch.

SURFACINGUMBER

lointingboardSl idehe enceowardheguard,f necessary,o ensurethatnoportion f hecutter nives i l lbeexposeds heworkpieceassesverhem. ay heworkpieceace-downon he nfeedable few nchesrom heknives. ut t tsedge gainsthe ence,henplacewopush locksquarelyon ts ace, enteredetweenheedges.Use ush lockswithoffset andleso preventour andsromhi t t inghe

fence.) eedheboard lowlynd teadi lycrosshekni(above)pply ingownwardressuren heoutfeedidtheknives nd atera l ressuregainsthe ence.Whwork ing i th ong tock , r ing our e f thando hebaof heworkpiecehen our ight and assesheknivWhen ne ace sdone,o int heboard dge sshowntheohoto bove.




PlaningtockSet hecut t ingeptho %onch. tand

toone ide f heplanernduse oth

handso eed hestock arefu l lynto

themachine.ncehe eedmechanism

gr ipsheboard ndbeg inso pu l l t

acrosshecutterhead,upporthe rail-

ing nd o keept f a ton he ab le

hbove). henmoveo the outfeed

side f heplanero supporthework-

prece ithboth ands ntil t clearshe

outfeedoller. opreventhestockrom

warpingnuse, void laningnly neface;nstead,lanehe ame mount

of woodrom oth ides

)HO? TI?galvaging upped toakon he bandeawYou anoalvageupped oardo einqNhe and aw, adia l rm eaw, r tableeaw o riVVinqNhehockinNoarrowerboarde.f youareueinqhe bandeaw

as ehown ere,neNallou rwideet'b ladeanda rip ence.The arrow-er Nhewidlhof cuI,I'he laNt'erhereeultin boarde. el Nhe oardconvexhiqh) ideupon he Iableand,bul5inq heboardaqainetthe fence,eed t eteadily nbothe blade, inishhe paeewiNhpueh tick.Kemoveny emaininqhiqhopoteon he ointer.

llll

@illl tilllllil]lllljllllll ]llllllll llllll ll1lll llllll

2 l



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

DIMENSIONINGT(]CK

Rippingboardn he able awSet heblade eight bout% nch boveheworkpiece.osi-

tion he ip enceor hewidth f cut, hen us hhestockntotheblade, o ld ingt i rm ly gains the ence i th oure f thand nd eedingheboard it hbothhumbsabove).Iandsl ightlyoone ide f heworkpiecend traddlehe ence

with ouright and, akrngertainhat ei therands n wrthheblade. eep ushingheboard nti l heblade utthrought completely.okeep our ingersrom ominglothan inchesromheblade,se push ticko completpass.Caution:lade uard artiallyetractedorclarity.)

Crosscuttingtock

Wrthheworkpieceush gainsthemiter auge,l ignhecutt ing ark i ththeblade. osit ionhe ip ence el l wayfrom heend f hestocko preventhecut-of f ieceromamminggainsthebladend ickingackowardou.Hookthe humbs f both andsverhemitergaugeoholdhe tock rmly gainsthegaugend la ton he ab le ,hen eedtheboardnto hebladeright).Caution:Blade uard artiallyetractedorclarity.)




llllllllll lllllllllllljl]lll lllll lt ll lll lll Il llllt1HO?TI?Making repeatcuts with thelable ea wTocut,severalboarde o NheeamelenqNhnNhe ablesaw,

6crewa boardLolhe milerqauqeae an extene ion,nour inqNhat oneende>lvendseYondhesawblade. ueh 'hemiberqauqe'o

cut,intol'heendof the e>l1ension.Turnffthe

eaw ndmark 'he enqlhof cut on he erteneion.

Using belt ander

Clamp stop locko awork urfaceokeephestockrommoving.nstall

sandingelt nd rapehepowerord

over ou r houldero keept outof he

way.With hesandingirectionarallel

to hewood rain,urnon he ool nd

slowlyowert onto hesurfaceabove

Some oodworkersreferoset he ool

f aton heworkpieceeforetartingt.

Ineither ase, ovehemachinelong

th egrain ith ong, verlappingtrokes

unt i l hesurfaces smooth.oavold

gouginghesurface,eephesanderf atandalways oving;onot et he

machineausen one pot.

Al iqn woodblockwi|h'hemarkand clamp N n p. lace

ae-aolop block. o ineup oachcul, bulN' lheendof

vheworkpieceqainet' he lock ndmakeNh e ut'

SANDING

23



CABINETMAKINGOINERY

J. dardoineryechniquesommonto thebuilding f virtually nystyle fcgline1r bookcase.fyouare singol-

hissectionntroduces ome tan-

idumberoryourproject,ouwillmakeup hewide anelsor hecarcaser he

panel f a rame-and-panelssemblybygluing oardsogetherdge-to-edge,sshown elow. his echniquenablesyou o savemoney-wideboards reprohibitivelyxpensive-withoutacri-ficing trength;glued-upanels ustasstrong sasingle iece f umber.fyouareworkingwith plywood anels,hardwoodanding ill hideunsightlyedgespage 5).

Of hedozensfjoinery ptions,hethroughdovetailoint remainshebenchmarkf craftsmanship.heoint

The late, r biscuit,ointffirs a strongandsimplemethod f connectingar-case orners ith a minimumofset-up

time.Theslots recutwith a specialtoolknownasaplateoiner.Once lueisaddedo theslots,valbiscuitsf com-pressedeech re nserted.When hejoint isgluedand assembled,hebiscuitsswell, reating durable onnection.

canbecut ona variety fpowerools,but hehand-cuttingechniquehownstarting npage 6will give ou hedis-tinctiveookassociatedith ine urni-

ture.A plateoint,shown eginningnpage29, s a muchquicker ption.Althought lackshedovetail'ssthet-ic appeal,heplateoint is virtuallyasstrong nd sanexcellenthoicefyouareworkingwithp\nvood anels,which annot e oinedwithdovetails.Whicheverointyouchoose,ourcar-

case ill needa back.nstallation eareprovided npage 1.

Many ypes f cabinets,ncludinarmoireshownon page60, areb

around rame-and-panelssemrather hancrcrses.Twooineryoptfor buildingsucha cabinet represed: hemortise-and-tenonpage 3thecope-and-stickoint (page 5)panelsor a frame-and-panelabcan be raisedon either he table(page6) or router(page S).

GLUINGPA PANET

1

Applyingheglue

r Set wobar lamps na work urfacend ay heboardsn op.Adoasmclampss ou eedosupporthepiecest24- o 36-inchntervals.ropthe ramonnotchedood lockso keephemrom alling ver.Markheendgrain rientatofeach oard it h pencil,hen rrangehepiecesoenhanceheir ppearancesshownn hephoto npage 3.Tominimizearping,ake ureheend rain fadcentboardsunsn oppositeirections.nce ouhave satisfactoryrrangemealignhepiecesdgeto-edgendmark trianglen hestocko help ouassemblboardstglue p.Next, ut woprotectiveood ads t east s ong s heboarLeavinghe irstboardace own, tandheother iecesnedge it h healignmmarksacing wayrom ou . pply hinglue eado each oardabove),nen sa small, tiff-bristledrushospreadheadhesiveventv.




llltll lllllllll lllill ll lll llllillllllllillll lllllJlll

1HO?Tt?Addingedgemoldingto plywoodCoiceal he vie ib le dqee fplywood anelewilh eolid'woodmoldin7. oea I'ongue-and-grooveoint' o )oin hepieceo. UIa qroovenNolhe ed4eone-t'hird s Nhicka e N h e a n e l . Th e na wamatchi iq onyueon he edqe

of lhe hardwood oard hat'wi l lbe sed slhe edqemold-inq. lN s besl 'o make 'he

r) Tighteninghe lamps

L Setthe oardsace own,making

surehesides f he rianglelign. ight-

en hec lamps nderheboardsus t

enoughopresshem ogether.nstallthird lamp crosshe opof hestock,

centeringt betweenheothers.radual

tightenll heclampsabove)ntilhere

arenogaps etweenheboardsnd

a hinbead fglue queezesutof hejo ints. se Cclampo evel djacent

boardshatdonot ieperfectlyushwith

each ther. rotectingheboards itha

wood ad, enterheclamp n he otnt

nearheends nd ightent unt i l he

boardsre evel inset) ,hen emove

theclamp ndpad.Use putty nifeoremovesmuch f hesqueezed-ou

glue spossibleeforet dries. ncehe

adhesiveas ured,emoveheclamps

anduse patnt crapero removeny

gluehat emains.

lhe 7roove nd onLhe onque.gecurehe moldinqn7lacewilh

Nhree-waylampo.

25




HAND.CUTOVETAILS

'l 0utl ininghepinsI Markheoutsideace f each oard itha bigX, hen eta cutt ingaugeo he hicknessf hestock nd cribe inearoundheends f he our anelsomarkhe houlderf hepins nd ai ls . he anelshatwil l ormhe opand ottomfthecarcasei l lbe hepinboards.ecureach ne n urn na vise nduse dovetailquareo ouflinehepins n heends

of heboardn hesequencehownbove.you an lso seslidingevelto ar khepins; etanangle f :6 forsoftwoodor1 :8 orhardwood.)Therere o i rm uidel inesor iz ingand pac inghepins f a doveta i lo in t .ngenera l ,hepins

r) CuttinghepinsZ- Securehe rstpinboardna v isewrth tsoutsideace owardou.Us edovetai laivo cutalongheedges fthepins, orkingrom ne ide f hepanelo theother right). ome ood-

workersind t easiero cutal l he ef t-hand dgesirst , nd henmove n othe ight-handdges.or ach ut,alignthesaw lade it h hewasteide f hecuttingine ndus e mooth,ven trokes,takingareo keepheblade erpendic-ularo hepanel ndasyou ut o heshoulderines. epeatheprocedurettheoppositendof heboardndatbothends f heother inboard.

shouldenowiderhanhe a i ls ; venlypacedins t eone{hirdhe ize f hewasteect ionsroundhemwil lmforanat t rac t ive,t rongoint .Beg in i thhal f -p inst eedge,makingertainhat henarrowides f hepins retheoutsideace f hepanel. utl inehewasteectionsesthehalf-pinsndmarkhecenterf hepanel nd.Oufl inpinat hecenter ark,henmarkhe emainingins aboright),ndicatingll hewaste ections it hXs.Use comnationquareo extendhemarks owno heshoulderinebothaces syou o.

thoulder

1

Waate Center



CABINE,TMAKING ASICS

llll llj ]lllll lll l[ lll ]il lll lll llJll tjilll i[ tlil Il ll

9HO7Tt?Cuttin7awaywaolewith a aopingsawA copinq awworKea s w e l l s a ch ie e l

Q Chisel ingut hewaster-J Mostof thewastewoodbetweenhe

pins anbe emoved i tha coping aw,

asshownn heshop ip below,eaving

the nalpar ingora ch ise l . owever ,t

i s notmuchmore i f f cu l t o ch ise l ut

al l hewaste. hekey s o workpatient-

ly , emovinghin s l i vers f woodwith

each u t ,us i ng ch i se l ow i de rhan

the narrow id eof thewaste ection. et

thepinboard uts ide- facep ona work

sur facendclamp guide lock n op

with heedge l igned i th heshoulderl ine.Hold inghechise l evel -outgains

theguide lock ndperpendicu laro he

face f heworkpiece,t r i kehehandle

wi tha wooden al le to score %- inch-

deep ut (above,eft) .Then ut from he

endof the boardo shave ff a %-inch

layerof wasle above, rght).Continue

removinghewaste nt i l ouareabout

halfwayhroughhestock.Once ouhave

removedll hewastero monesideof

th eboard,urn t over,eposit ionheedge

of heguide lock i rect ly verheshoulder ine, nd emovehewasterom he

other ide.

for c lear ing wayNhebulkof the wast'ewoodbetweenNhepine.WiNh

Nhepaneleecuredupr i4h l na v iee, land fac inq he ouN-

s ide ace of NheVanel nd ol ide

th e saw blade nto t 'he kerl beeide

each pin, Kolale lh e frame wit 'houL

eNr ik ina heend of Lhe boardand cuNout '

ae muchwaet 'eao yoDcan whi lekeepinqhe

bladeaboul / ,a nchabove 'heshoulder ine.Cul

unNi lou each lheker t nLhe dqe f t 'he d lacentpin.Dse chieelo pareaway ny emaininqasLe.




()utl iningnd uttinghe ailsMark hou lderines n he a i lboardssvou idon he

p inboards,e tone f he ai lboardsuts ide- faceown na work ur facend lamp gu ide lock longheexposedshou lderine. hen, s ing handscrewnd lamps,xonepinboard nendagainstheguide lock i th tsouts ideaceawayrom he ai lboard, ake ureheedges re l i gned,then ut l inehe ai ls above,e f f ) . epeatheprocedure

on heoppos i t endo f h eboa r d n don heo the ra i lpanel ,hen emovehe lampsnd se combinationquare

to ex tendhe ines nto heends f heboards .ark l lwasteect ionsithXs.Use dovetai lawo cut he ai lssame ay ou ut hepins step ). For ome oodwoanglinghe board above,ight) atherhan hesawmaforeas ieru t t i ng .ne i ther ase , aw mooth lyndevea l ongh eedge f eac ha i l , t opp i ngt h es hou l deiOnce l l hesaw utshave een adenbothai lpan

removehewaste ith chisel ra copingaw.

f, Gluingp he arcaser.,l Dry-assemblehecarcaseeforelue p o ensurehejointsit properly.ressach ornerogetheryhand s aras t wi l lgo,henap hepiecesnto inal osit ionith hemallet, rotectinghewood itha scrap oard.f a oint stoo rght,markhespotwheret binds,hen isassemore

thecarcasendpare xcessood t hemark. nce ouare atisfiedit h he it, ake are f heotherequirementsof hecarcase,uc h s nstallingback anelpagej) orprepar inghesidesorshelvingrdrawers.or lue p,makeourwood ads s ong s hewidth f hepanelsndcutsmallriangularotchesn hepads o hey nly onractthe ai ls . pread hin, venayer fglue nal l he on-tactingurfaces,hen ssemblehecarcasend nstallwobar lampscrosshepinboards.ightenheclampslittle ta ime ntil small mountfglue queezesutofthe oints rghf).

?in board

X



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

ASSEMBLINGCARCASEITHPLATE()INTS

r) CuttingheslotsL m" setup hownbove i l la l lowou ocutal l he lotsor

one arcaseorner ithout ovinghepanels.eavingside

panel utside-faceown,et he oppieceutside-facepon

topof t .Of fsethe oppanel y he tockhickness,aking

surehematinglot ocat ionarksn he wopanelsre er-

fect ly l igned.lamphepiecesnp lacend e t suppor t

boardhesamehicknesss h estockn ront f hepanels.

Fol lowhemanufacturer'snstruct ionsor ett inghedepth f

1 Markinghe lotocations

I l d e n t i f yh eo u t s id ea ce f e a chpanel i th nX, henmarkocat ionines

for heslots neach f he our orners.Tostart, lace ne ide anel utside-fac

d o w n na w o rk u r f a cen dh o ld h e

toppanel ta 90' angleo t.Use pen-

c i l omarkines n head jo in ingane ls

abou|2nchesn rom ach orner; ake

a thirdmarkmidwaylongheedgeleft).

W id e ra n e l si l l e q u i r ed d i t i o n a li s -

cu i t s ; n g e n e ra l ,h e re h o u ldeo n e

b iscu i tve ry to 6 inches. epeathe

p r o c e d u r eo m a r k l o t o c a t i o n sn

the otherhree ornersf heca rcase

Add eferenceetterso help ou denti-fy hecorners.

cuton heplateoiner, esthe ool n h esupportoard,utt

its aceplategainstheen d f he oppanel,nd lignheguide

line n he aceplateitha slot ocation ark n hestock. he n

cuta slotat eachmark above,eft).Iocut hemating lotsn

the ide anel,utt he oiner 'sase late gainsthe oppan-

e land hen l ignhe enteru ide l inen h ep la te i th s lo t

location ark above,rght).

/ " : .

29



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

Gluingp he arcase

F i t he opan dbo t tom ane ls nthes idepane l nd henapp ly dhes ivei n hes lo ts nda long he pane l nds ,insert ingiscui ts syougo.Add heoth-er s ide panel r ight) . urning he car-case n end,us e wo barclampso press

the op and bottom anelsogether ndt ightenheclamps xact ly syouwould

when lu ing p a ca rcase i thdove ta i l

lotnIs page 8),Ihis ime using tandardwoodpads o protecthe stock.

QInsertinghebiscuits

r-,1 Once ll the slotshave ee n ut,f i t thepanels ndcuta backpanel fis partof yourdesign page 1) ,or m

ready or she lves r d rawers . heonesidepanel uts ide-faceown nwork urface ndspread lue n thesandalonghe panel urface,nsert

brscui ts syougo ( lef) . o preven

wooden afersromexpanding efothepane ls reassemb led .rocee

s tep asqu ick l y sposs ib le .



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

INSTALLINGBACK ANEL

r ) Squar inghecornels

L t lsea penci l nda st ra ightedgeo

m ar k qua r e o r ne r s t t he r ounded

ends f he abbets. s ing ' l - inchor

widerwood h ise l , t r i kehe oolwi th

a woodenmallel above).utting o the

deoth f he abbet . esure hechise l

beve laces he ns i de f heca r case .

' l Routingrabbetor hepanel

I Drv-assembleheoanelsnd et hecarcasena work ur-

facewith tsbackacing p;holdhepiecesogethersing

bar lamp i th uppor toards.nsta l l%- inchabbet ingi tw i th ba l l -bear ingi lo t nd d jus thedepth fcu t omake

a rabbetha tw i l lbe ' lonch eeperhanhe h icknessf he

back ane iouw i l lbe nsta l l ing .ta r t ingtone ornerf he

carcase,esthe outer'sase late n h esupportoard i th

thebit ust lear f heworkpiece.old inghe outerirmlyn

both ands,urn n he ool nd uidehebit ntohepanel.nce

thepilot earingeetshestock,ul l he outergainsthedirec-

t ion fbit otat ion,eepinghebase late at.When ou each

thecorner,urnoff he ool, eposit ionhesupportoard nd

cut abbetslongheedgesf he emain ingane lso l lowing

thesame rocedure/eft).

2 Instal l inghepanel

rJ Instal l inghepanel ur ing lueupof hecarcase i l lhe lp eep heassembly

square. uta piece f p lywoodo f i t snuglynto herabbets. lueup he carcase

and , t hesame i m e ,app l y th inbead f g l ue longhe abbe t sndon he on -

tact ing urfacesf he plywood.preadheglueevenly,et hepaneln posit ion,nd

use in ish ingai lsto ecuret at 4- to 6- inch ntervalsbove) , ou analso lueup

thecarcaseeparate ly ,et headhesivery,and hen nsta l lhepanel .

\\-

\

J I




FRAME.AND.PANEL(lNSTRUCTI()N

Frame-and-panelabinets ay arywidelyn heir etai ls,utal lshareev-

eral eatures:heassembliesre om-prised f rames aderom tiles ndrails, ndpanelshat it into roovesnthe rame. typicalront nd ide ec-tion sshown elow t right. oprovideaccesso he nside f hecabinet,hefront requentlyas frame utnopan-el.This ne eaturesmedianai lwithopeningsora door nda drawer.hetwomissingssembliesould esimi-lar o heside ssemblyhown;ach asa frame nda panel .n his ase,he

sides ould hare ti les i th he rontandback ssemblies,l lowinghe ai lsto it intobothheedgesnd aces fthest i les.

Bottomsre ypical ly t tachedothe rame y edger trips r et ntogroovesut n he nside dges f heframe. ops anbeattached ithwoodbuttonshat it in groovesn he rame,orwithmetalasteners,edgertrips, rpocket oles.

The womost ommonoints sedn

frame-and-panelonstructionre hemortise-and-tenonhownn he llustra-t ionand hecope-and-stick.hemor-tise-and-tenonrovidesrelativelyargegluing rea,makingt a very trongoint.

Two ariationsreemployedn he ypi-calcabinet: l indmortise-and-tenonsjoinmedianai ls nd t i les, hi lehehaunchedersions usedo i l l hegroovend, l iminatingheneedorstoppedrooves.he ope-and-sticksnotquite sstrong, utoffers naddi-

tional ecorativeouch. he outer itthatcuts hegroovesor hepanel lsocarves decorativeolding n heinside dges f he rame. tep-by-steptechniquesorproducingheseointsare hownn hissection:hemortise-and-tenonstartingnpage 3 and he

cope-and-sticknpage 5. Whateverthe oint , abinetmakerseneral lyui ld

framesrom tockhat sat east% nchthickand2 inches ide. argertockcan lso eusedosuit hedimensionsof a particularroject.

The anelshat i t nsidehe ramescanbemade ither fplywoodredge-glued oardspage 4).Toensurehata panel ill it snuglyn hegroovesfthe ai ls nd ti les, ut t i l lhave i t t leroomo move s hewood xoandsndcontracts,t ismade ubstant ial lyhin-

ner n heedgeshan n hemiddThe hape f such so-calledais

panelsachievedycutting wayhness t heedges.

There re everalays f makinraisedanel ,ependingn he iseffect oudesire. common ethshown eginningnpage 6, nvobevelingheedges f hepanel ittable aw r outer.

The tepsorgluing p ndividframe-and-panelssemblesandcanets re hown npage 9.

AI{ATOMYFA FRAME.AI{D.PANELABIT{ET

RailF ovideahorizontalaup-pori at top and bottomof cabinet

StileVerticalcompo-

nent of frami,e

PanelSolid woodpiecethat fits intoqroove-typically% nch deep-ininoideedqeaofframe; aan be flat

with edqeo abbet-ed or beveledonfour oifufn"raige"centerofthe panel




(lRTISE.AND.TEN()NOINTS

O Cuttinghe enon houldersZ m" shouldersorboth l ind ndhaunchedenonsanbe

cuton he able aw. or hebl indenons,eavehecut t ing

width nchangednd et heheight f hedado eadoabout

Y, nch.With he ail ush gainsthe enc e nd hemitergauge,eed heworkpiecenedgento heblades.urn he

railover nd epeat n heother ideof he enon abovd.

Cut heshou lderst heopposi tendo f he a i l hesame

1 Cuttinghe enon heeksn he ails

I For oth l ind ndhaunchedenons,tart y

ins ta l l i ngdado ead nyourab le aw hat s

slightly iderhan he ength f he enons-often3/oinch.Then ttach nauxiliaryence nd aisehe

bladesocuta clearanceotchn t.Set hewidth

of cutequalo he enonength nd hecut t ingheighto one-thirdhestockhtckness.eedhe

workpieceace-down,utt ingheend gainsthe

fence nd heedge gainsthemiter auge.urn

the ailover nd eoeathecuton heother ide(left).TesIhe enonna scrap iece fwood ith

a mort isehesame idth s hoseo becut n he

stiles page 4) ;adJustheheight f hedado ead

and epeathecuts, f necessary.ut he emaining

tenon heekseforeroceeding.

way. or hehaunchedenons,se hesame utt ing eight

and u tone hou lders or heb l indenons,hen os i t ion

the enceo eave haunch qualn width o hedepth f

thepanel rooven heother houlder. i th hestock n

edge, se he enc e nd hemiter augeo eed t intc he

bladesinsef) . epeato cut hehaunch n heother nd

of heboard.

33




RoutinghemortisesClamp ll hestilesogetherace o ace, nds l igned,nd

use ne f heblind enonsut n step tooutlinehemortiseson hesti les. ocuteachmortise,ecurene t i le n a v ise.

Install commercialdgeuide

naplunge

outer,hen crewa wood xtensionnto heguide. it he outer it ha straightbit hesame idth s hemortisend et hecutt ing epth.Centerhebi toverhemortiseut l inendbutt heextensionagainsthestile.Grippinghe outerirmly,urn t onandplungethebi t into hestock right).Movehe ool romoneendof hemortiseo heother,making smany assessnecessaryocompletehecut o he equiredepth. epeato routheothermortises,hen quareheends f hecavities itha chisel.

Cuttinghegrooves

On he ails nd ti les f eachrmarkhe ocationf hegrooveshahold hepanel. eavehestraight ingbit n he outer , ounthe oola table, ndadjusthecutting eptaboutYznch. enterheedge f a s

on hebitandbutt he ence gaithestock. lamp featherboardo ttableo hold heworkpiecegainsfence nd eedhestock ithboth amakingureopresshestile lush gthe ence /eff). ompletehepassa push tick. ocu tgroovesn hesfaces, eephe encen hesametion,but eposi t ionhe eatherbonecessary.ext, ou an utand athepanelspage 6).




A COPE.AND.STICKABINET

r) Cuttinghegrooves

Z Replacehecoping itwitha pilotedticking it-also

known sa stile utter. oset hecutting epth, utt heend

of hecompletedai lagainsthebit ,and djusthebitunti l

oneof itsgroove-cuttingeeth s evelwith he ai l ongue(above,eft).Alignhe encewith heedge f hepilotbearing.

Usewo eatherboardsosecureheworkpieceuringhecut:

1 Cuttinghe onguesn he ailsI Begin onstructingcope-and-stickframe ycuttingonguesn heends f all

the ails.After hat, outgroovesor hepanelslonghe nside dges f he ramepieces;hegroovesn hestiles illaccom-modatehe ai l onguest hesameime.Tocut he ongues,nstall pilotedopingbit-the railcutter-inyour outer ndmount

the ool n a table. et hecutting epth y

buttingheen dof a railagainsthebi tan dadjustinghe outer'septh etti ng o hatthe opof heuppermostuttersslightlyaboveheworkpiece.ositionhe ence ar-

allel o hemiter augelotand n inewith

th eedge f hebitpilot.Fit hemiter augewithanextensionnd ay heoutsideaceof hestocklaton he able; eepheendsof heworkpiecendextensionutted gainsthe ence hroughoutach ut(left).

Clamp ne o he ou terable ppositehe bit andsecurehe

other n he nfeed ide f he ence.ln his llustration,he

secondeatherboardasbeen emovedorclarity,) ake ach

cutwith hestock utside-faceown, ressingheworkpiece

againsthe ence above,ight).Usea push tick o complete

thepass. epeathegrooveutonall he ails nd tiles.

Miter qaugeextension

i /- \

\//' - .-

Rail

Copin4bit

35




RAISINGPANEIWITH TABLEAW

r) Cuttingit h hegrain

1 Set hepanel nedge nd eed tin to heblade,hen urn hepane l verto cut he emainingdge nghf) . oguide locksneededor hese uts, uttake areo keephebacklush gainstthe ence. uttingntoheend rarn f hepanel rst-bevel inghe opandbottombeforehesides-helpseduceearout.

1 Cuttingheend rainI Test-f i the ai ls nd t i les ndmsure heopeningetweenhem.AdY, nch o each imens ion; ncheach anelidewil l i t nto hegrooin he rame. hen ut hepaneloson he able aw. odetermineheblangleor aisinghepanel ,raw %squaret hebottomorner,henmaa l ine rom he rontace f hepanthroughhe nsideornerf hesquto a point n hebottom dge% ncfrom hebackace inset). old hepelagainstnauxi l iaryoodence

adjustheblade ngle nt i l t al ignsthemarkedine. djustheheightf cut t ingdge nt i lheouts iderpofotooth xtendseyondhe ace f hepel , hen lamp guide locko hewpieceo r ide longhe opof he enFeedhepanelntoheblade,eepit lush gainsthe ence hi le ushforward ith heguide lock lef\.f ef i t hecutend n a groove.f lessh% nc h f hepanel ntershegroovethe ence i t t le losero heblade

make notherass. epeathecutatother nd f heoanel .




A JIGFOR UTTINGAISEDANETS

The igshown t r igh t i l lenab leyou o raise panel n he able aw

without avingo i l t hesaw lade.

Refero he llustrationorsuggest-

eddimensions.Screwhe ipalonghebottom

edge f heangledence,making

certaino positionhescrews here

theywi l lnotbestruck y heblade

whenhe ig sused. ea nheangled

fence gainstheauxi l iaryence t

thesame ngle s hecut t ingtne

markedn hepanelpage 6l (Use

a sliding evelo ransferheangle.)

Cut riangularupportso it between

the wo ences nd astenhem n

olace ithscrews.Tn rsehe ip set t on hesaw

tablewith heseam etweenhe ip

and heangledence verheblade;

checko besurehescrewsrewell

c lear f he able pening.osi t ionthe ip ence gainstheauxi l iaryfence,hen crewhe wo ogether.Turn n hesaw nd rank p heblade lowlynto he ig o cuta kerfthroughhe ip.Turn ff hesaw, eatthepaneln he igandadjustheblade eight nt i l heoutsideipofone ooth xtendseyondhe rontface f heoanel. ake est utona scrap oardhesamehicknessstheoanel.hen est- f i thecutendin agroove.epositionheblade rfence,f necessary.hen, lacehepaneln he igandmakehecuts,bevelingheen dgrainirst /eff).

An4ledfence

12" 30"

Auxrliaryfence

9" x 30"

LIP1 1 " x 3 0 "

N

37




MAKINGRAISEDANEL ITH ROUTER

1 Settingp he outerI Instal l panel-raisingit nyourout-er

andmounthe ool na able. oensurethat hecutt ing epths uniform,osi-tion he ence arallelo hemiter auges lot nd n inewi th hebi tp i lo t .Wi ththe outerurned ff,adjusthe ence yplacingscrap oard longhe ence ndacrosshebit.Thebit pilot houldurnasthe boardouchest (right). tartwitha %-inch-deeputso hat ouwil l eachyourinaldepthn woor more asses.

r) Raisinghepanel

L Lowerheguard ve rhebit and uon he outer .ominimizeearout,theendgrain f hepanel rst.Worcarefl ly; panel-raisingit sonethemore angerousouter i tsbeca

of he arge mount f stockhat t removes i theach ass. eephepanf laton he able uts ide- faceownf lush gainsthe ence syou eed tacrosshe biI (left).Repeathe cutat other ndandalong oth ides. urnthe outer nd est-ft one nd na fragroove.f thepanelies esshan% ndeepn hegroove,ncreasehecuttindepth l ight lyndmake notherasal laround.ont inuen hismannernthepanelitsproperly.



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

FRAME.AND-PANELABINET

1 Gluingpa singlessembly

I Test-assemblehe rame-and-panelabove,eft). l a

lo in t s oo igh t , isassemblehep iecesnd se ch ise l

to pare way ome ood. nce ouare at isf iedi th he it ,

sand ny ur faceshatw i l lbed i f f i cu l to reach henhe

f rame as een lued p,and preadlue na l l hecontact -

ing ur facesf he o in ts . onotapp ly ny dhes iven he

panel rooves;hepanelmust e ree o move i th inhe

frame. eassemblehe rame nd et t face o wn n wo

bar lamps,l ign inghebars i th he a i l s , okeephe

clamps om a l l ing ver , rophem p n notchedlocks .

Usrnglampinglockso pro tecthestock,igh tenach

clampn urnun t i l h inbead fg lue queezesuto f he

loinIsabove,ight).Checkhat hecornersreat 90oas

you o .Onceheadhesiveas r ied ,emoveny r ied lue

remain ingn hewood i th pa in t c raper ,nd andhe

outsideurfaces.

r) Gluingp he abinetZ- Test- ft hecabinet,d just ny l l - ft -

ting oints, nd an dhe nsideurfacesf

a l l hep ieces .pp ly lueo he o in ts-

excepthegrooveshatholdhepanels-

and ssemblehe abinet.hen, ith he

cabinetpr ight ,nsta l lour ar lamps

runningrom rontoback verhe ai ls,

using ood adso protecthestock.

Tightenheclamps venly/eft) nt i l

a hinbead fglue

queezesutof he

jo ints. heckhat hecabinetssquare

bymeasur inghed is tanceetween

diagonalorners;he womeasurement

shoulde he ame.f not,nsta l lnextra

bar lamp crosshe ongerf he wo

diagonals,ettingheclamp1awsn hose

alreadynplace. ightenhe lamp nti l

thed iagona lsre qua l . nceheg lue

has ured,emovehe lampsnd crape

awav nv r ied dhesive.

Notchedwood black



hethertis asimplelywoodstructurer a custom-made

wall unit craftedromfinehard-wood, bookcaseerveswo unc-tions at once: t is an efficient

storageystem,ccommodatingbooksandother tems hataccu-mulaten mosthomes, nda finepiece f furnituren its own ight,ashandsomes he reestandingunitat eft.

Thebasic ookcasellustratednpage 2can eadaptedo storeust

aboutanything,romboundvol-umesochina, rystal,oys,ecords,compact iscs, ndvideocassettes.

BOOKCASE,

A lengthof molding s shaped na router able.

Fixed o thebase r the op ofthecarcase,

moldingprovides classicouch o a bookcase.

size ndweight f the tems t isintendedo hold.Shelves,or exam-ple,must eongenougho do heirjob,but not so ong hat heywillsagn use.Shelvesanbe ixedn

place r adjustable.ach astsownadvantages.djustablehelving

Qage 5)permitsamore lexibleorganizationfabookcase'snteri-orspace,ut ixed helvespage 0)lendabookcasetructuraligidity.

Youhave onsiderablehoice fbuildingmaterials,oinerymeth-ods,and ornamentation henbuilding bookcase.hechaptethat ollows etailsheconstructionof abasic nit.Youmaywish oaddWith headdition f some pecial-

izedhardwarepage4),a imple ookcaseanbe ransformedinto ahomeenteitainmententerohouse elevisionndVCR, tereoomponentsndcomputerear. hisutilitarianversatilitymakeshebookcaseneof thewoodshop'sostpopular rojects.

Althoughheappearancef abookcaseay ary romone

unit o another,heprinciples f tsdesignemain onstant.Everybookcaseuststrike balanceetweentssize nd he

Becauseooks omen manyshapesnd sizes, ookcasesith

adjustablehelvesetain heirJlexibility ongafter heyare built.

Withall butoneof itsshelves ovable,hebookcaset left can

accommodatehe changing emands f agrowingcollection.

a acerameo strenghenhepiece ndsoftents ines page54).Molded asesnd eet page 6)can llow bookcaseo

harmonize ithotherpiecesf furniturehatwill surroundit. See age 9 or a simplemethod f stringing series fbookcasesogethernto awallunit.

Byputting our magination,kill,andpatienceo work,youwill beableoreaphe ewardsfbuilding inepiece fusefulurniture.

4 l



ANATOMYOF A BOOKCASE

|-\ espiteefinementsuch scrownIul and. asemolding,a face rameand urned eet,hebookcaset rightis basicallya carcase ith shelves.

Theprocedureor buildinga carcasecanbe oundbeginning npage24.Mostof theotherdetails f thebook-case,rom theshelveso the eet,arediscussedn thischapter. hecrownmoldingssimilaro the ype nstalledon hearmoire npage 6.

Design bookcaseo suit he temsit will store.Standardookshelves,orexample,reat east ncheseep nd9inches part;allowanadditional or 4inches f depthandheightoroversize

bools.Recordlbumseed13nchesnbothdepth ndheight. elevisions,ideorecorders,ndstereo quipmentmayrequire pto24inchesf depth.

Afteryouhavesettledon dimen-sions,decidewhich ypeof shelvingbestsuits ourneeds. hebookcasion thispageeatureshreeadjustable,or floating, helvesndone ixedshelf.Although he fixedshelfcannotbemovedncenstalled,t helpso snength-en hepiece nds essikelytosaghan

adjustablehelves.heoad heshelveswill haveobearshouldbeconsideredwhenchoosing aterialspage 3).Thethicker he umber, hestrongerheshelf.While -by-10pineor fir iseco-nomical,% hardwoodwill supportgreateroads.

Also ememberhata shelfweakensas t increasesn length.Shelveshataretoo,long renot ikelytobrealg ut heywill almostalwaysag.fyou areplan-ningabookcaseider han36 nches,considernsallingcleatsnderthemid-dleoftheshelvest heback r averti-calpartitionbetweenhem.

Foot

Qaoe



BOOKCASE

COMMONHETF ATERIATS

u/oHardwood Temperedhardboard

LJsedor heavier Conipooite, i7htwei7htshelf for

loadoand ahelf medium-to-heavyoadaand shelf

epaneup to epaneup to 36 inchea;eatures

4B inchba two layere of temperedhard-boardoandwichinqPiecee f 2-by-2 etock. Front edgecan berounded or decorativeeFfeot

ReinforcedoAhardwood %'inchplywoodL)aedor liqht-to-medium FormeAiumoadsand ahelf

loade.gpan for ahelveeein- ePane P o 32 inchee; p to

forced with 1-by-2 ipe can 42 incheo, f reinforcedwith

be up to 42 inches:without lipa.For enhanced PPear-

reinforcement,epan ahould ance, ront edqe ahouldbe

not exceed32 iiches concealedwith bandin4

AD'USTABIEHETFUPPORTS

Hidden adjuat'able euPPottWoodatripe with dowela hat fit in holea

drilled in eidepanele;etripe are concealedin blind rabbets routed in theunderside f the ahelf ?laetic

aupportowel

ffi--WWThreaded \fl,JS,

Adjuatable auppotteFlaced n drilled holea n aidea of bookcaEe;holedepth ia one-half he lenqthof aupport

r-_ri F-'s-$wr-1Pa))tc-an)-

WL*,*t.il-:j

e,eeve6uPPot-,Two- iecemetal-plateda uPPo t; sl eeveaare ineerfed nto holeadrilled n eidepan-eleand paddlee re elippednto aleeves

euppot+Two-piece djuetableeupport; threaded partis inaerted into holeadrilled n eidepaneloand6UPpOrt6 re qcrewed

in to hold up ohelf

at eachahelf ocation

to hold ehelvinqrnPEce

Zffi_'

ffiStandards and alipaTrack ehelvin4eyetem that featurea slotted verDi-cal etripo Lhat 6it in groovee outed in eidepanel;clipa ock nto alote at ahelf ocatione

( - . " . *



BOOKCASECCESSORIES

ff ooksarenot theonly tems om-I) monlystoredn a bookcase. it hthecommercialccessorieshown elow,youcaneasily rganizeecord lbums,

compact iscs, udio apes, ndvideo-cassettes.fyou intendyourbookcaseto house stereo ystem,elevision r

VCR,wireclipsandcord-hole lugs antame he angle f wiresandconnectorsthataccompanyhem.

Specialtytems ike runnerset you

slide helvesn andoutof thecarcase,providingeasy ccesso thecontents,whileswivel ttachmentsanbe nstalled

on a sliding helf r thebookcaseoa elevisionet,

Youcaneven lluminatehe nsiyourbookcase ith a cabinetigh

hideandprotecthecontents etintedglass r acrylic oors eldclby magneticatches.

Glaaa door hinge

)wivelinqhingeauaed or glaoadooroup to % nch hick;ocrewapreee eafetyplate aqainetqlaoeto hold t in place.

A SAMPLING)FSHETF ARDWARE

Cabinei lightUauallymountedout ofaight inaidecarcaoe;moaetehown a uaed o dieplav hi-na and qlaeewareaia iea-

Lureea 25-watt bulb

Wireclip9 elf- dheatve lipemount-ed inaidebookcaaeo holdwireaout of eiqht

Compact diac holderConaiateof two trackswith adheaivebacking ormounting o carcaee;modelahowncan holdupto 24 diace.)imilar hold-era for videocasaetteaandaudio tapea are available

f#*,ffite eniqly-in hole n book-

caae back;holdeand feedewireoout of carcaae

Magnetic door Iatch -a nd-plateUaedwithacrylicor 4laaad'ooraup o %a nch thick. Latch plateattachea to door and maqneticlatch ia mounted neidebook-case: atch holdoplate ma4netically,keepinq oor cloeed



ADJUSTABLEHELVING

I lthough djustablehelvesonotcontributeo the strength f a

heydogive t greaterlexi-ou o adapto changing

organizepacemosteffi-iently.t isunwiseomake bookcaseproviding t east ne ixed helf

or structuraligidity.Adjustablehelvesrecommonly

eld nplace ithwood, lastic,r met-al shelfsupportspage 3) hat it inholes rilledn thecarcaseides.hetrick s o make ertainhat he ows fholes reperfectlyligned. se com-mercial helf-drillingig (below)r ashop-madeig (page 6) o bore he

holes. ther ptionsnclude djustableshelf tandards,hicharemountedngroovesn theside anels,r shop-madecorner tripspage8).These redadoed

andattachedo the nterior orners fthebookcaseo holdup heshelving.

Madeof solidbrass,hesewo-piecehelf

supportsddan elegantouch o a book-

case. hesupports anbescrewednto

anyof the hreaded leeveslong he

side anels, ermitting heshelveso be

mounted t any heightn thebookcase.

THREADEDHELFUPPORTS

1 Drillingolesor he leeves

I Thismountingystemequireswoparallelows fholeso

bedrilledn heside anelsf hebookcase.he ommercialig

shown bovel lowsou o bore oles t 1- inchntervalsnd

ensuresha tcorrespondingoles ill beperfectlyligned. et

theside anelsnside-face-upna work urfacend lamphejig o heedgesfone anel;heholesanbeany istancerom

thepanel dges,utabout inchesn would ebest or hepanelshown. ityour lectricrillwith bit hesame iameter

as hesleevesnd nstall stop ollaro markhedrill ing epth

equalo hesleeveength. tartingt etther ndof one f hej ig 's ai ls, laceheappropriateushingn he irst o le f he

bushingarrier.Th e ushingeepshebitperfectlyquareo

theworkpiece.)oldinghedrilland arrier,orehehole. ore

a seriesfevenlypacedoles long oth ails. emovehe ig

and epeator heother ide anel,arefullyositioninghe ig

so hat heholes illbealignedith hosen he irstpanel.

45



BOOKCASE

r) Mountinghe leevesnd upportsl to instal lhreadedleevesi thoutdamaginghem, se s le eve-set t ing

punch. lacesleeven h eend f hepunch ndpusht rmlynto ne f heholesna s ide anelabove).nser tsleevento ach ole ou ri l led. nceyou avenstal ledl l he leeves,crewshel f upportsnto hesleevesteachshelf ocationinseil.

iluiI]lllllt iltjllllt illll lIj iltllllt ll ll1lt ll1HO?TI?A shop-madeahelt drilling igTheI-ehapediqehown erewillallowyou o borea rowof even-ly epaced olee s accu-ral,ely s a commercialig .Make he ig from1-by-Z bock,beinq areful o ecrewhe fence

and arm Noqelher Na pertecN 0"angle.Marka l ine own hecenlerotNhe rmandbore olee tr2- inch nler-valoalonq t,wiLhhe eamebil youwould /,-use or threaded leevee.ouse he iq ,clamp t to a eidepanel i th he fencelamQ iT.oa etaepanelwt ln tne rcnce )bu| Ied aqaineN i lher end of the panelandthe marked enNerl ineincheen rom to edge.FiN ourdrill bit wiLh stop collar, oreNhe olee,and repoeiLionhe i7 fo r eachnew ow.



BOOKCASE

HIDDEN HELF UPPORTS

r) Preparingnd nstallinghe helvesI to concealheshelf upports,ut

b l ind abbetsneach helf .Mark ut herabbetsyposit ioningheshelf n he

supportsnd ut l in ingheir ocationsntheundersidef heshelf. ut he ab-

bets sing router ttedwitha rabbeting

bitand quareheends i th chisel nda wooden allet. he abbetshould easdeep s he hicknessf heshelf up-ports. nce ll he abbetsave een ut,test-fitheshelfn he bookcaseright).

Use chiselo adjusthe abbets,f nec-essary,o ensure perfectit thatcom-pletelyideshesupports.

1 Makingnd nstallingI theshelf upportsUse ig o bore olesor heshelf up-

porls page 5). lfake wosupports ershelf. ach ne sa hinwood trip bout1 inch ongerhan hegap etweenherows f holes; akehestripwide noughtohold dowel t each nd. %-inchow-el sare arge noughoraverageoads.)Tohelp ouposit ionhedowelsn hesupports,nsert dowel enternto achof woparalleloles ndpresshestripagainsthepoints. se he ndentationsfrom hecenterssstart ingointsordr i l l ingheholes. akeheholesn he

shelf upportshesame epth s heholesn he ide anels.lue owelsntotheshelf upportsnd, nceheadhe-s ive as r ied ,nsta l lhem n he idepanelst heheighthat ouwant heshelf o resl left).

47



BOOKCASE

STANDARDSNDCTIPS

CORNERTRIPS

1 Makinghe ornertrips

I Dadoedornertriosnstalledn eachinsideornerllow ookcasehelveso beadjusted.ou anmakeour tr ipsroma s ingle - inch-wideoardhat s ongenoughoextendrom op o bottom f heinter ior.nstal ldado ead nyourablesaw nd et hewidth oualo he hick-ness f heshelf upportsouplan ouse.Determinehedesiredpacingf henotchesnd ut wodadoeshatdistanceapartna miter augextensionoard.Line p he eft-handado i th heblade

and crewheextensionoyour auge.0nedado hould eoffseto he ight;cuta 2-inch iece fshelf upporttockandpresst in io hat ado, heret wi l lserve san ndexingey.Buttone ndoftheworkpiecegainsthekey nd utyour irstdado. ut hesecondnd ubse-quent adoesymovinghepieceo heright nd ittinghe ast ado verhekey(r ight). henhedadoesre l lcut, iptheboardnto our - inchornertr ios.

Install inghe tandardsMetaltandardsnd l ips re monsimplestccessorieso nstal lormoingadjustablehelvesna bookcasslottedtandards,r racks, re asteto he nsideaces f he ide anel

shelf-supportl ips re nsertedn hesat hedesiredeight. atherhan oing heshelveso accommodatehesdards,ecesshe racksngroovesutheside anels.nstal l dado ladyourable aw nd u t woparallelroineach anel .he rooveshould ewide ndasdeep s hestandardsowidth fpanelhown,osition

hegr

about inchesn rom ach dge.Witpanelsnside-face-upna work urset hestandardsn hegroovesndthem nplace,r ivingcrewshrougpredrilledolesn he racksleft).Atclipso he tandardsteach helfoc

CIip

A^v



BOOKCASE

iltt l1llriltli llilll ll1lll ll llrllllll lll lltlll lll lll1HO? '?Jig for routinq evenlyopaceddadoestILachNheigehownh e re t o N h e b a se ?."'

VlaNe l your ..-rouler fo cui

----- -\i'-

l he dadoes n he

corner trripe f a ehelfeupVort yoNem.ThieNech'nique analeobe ueed o roul

r) Installinghe ornerttipsI and helf upportsPositionach tripna cornerf hebook-case, akingurehat hedadoesace

the nter ior,nd crewhestr ipso hesides t opandbottom, lace nextrafastenern hemiddle na al lbookcaseFor heshelf upports,easurehedis-tance etweenhe ront ndback f hebookcasendcut hesupportso f i t .

Make urehat hesuppor tsrewideenougho hold heshelvesroperly;est-f t hem o ensurehat hey t snuglynthedadoes/eft).

Preparinghe helvesAll our ornersfeach helfmust

benotchedo i t a roundhecornerstr ips. f termeasuringndmarking

each helfsecuret in a vise nd utout hecornersitha backsawbove),

a'doeeor fixeder,elreo.)iie tne baee----- -\--.from'/"-inchlywoodnd'thee?acerrom olid

----\12

wood. UN bit clearance ole hroughhe basean decrewI to the roufer.Make he widlh of Ihe o?acerg,quu,l,

--.-_-/

NoNhe iameter f the ot raiqhN iL ou willuseLo cul the dadoee.1crewhe opacer o Nhe oNlom f Lhe iq baeeeoNhe isf,ance e-tween l andNhe iI equaleNhe pacinq ouwanN eNweenhe dadoes.Cut, he firet,dadowilh he 6?acer idinq lonq 'heendof the work'

Viece. akeeubeequentuts wibhNhe Vacern 'heiuot'-cut' ado.

49



FIXEDSHELVES

f, ixedshelvesolster hestrucI ' integr i ty f a bookcase,ut they cannotbe movedonce heinstalled,you need to give ca

thought to their location.Youmount fixedshelves uite simpscrewinghem o cleatshatare asto thebackandside anels. ourbcasewill be strongerand more ative,however,f theshelvesreattato theside anels sing neof theery methods hownbelow.

Ifyou do not intend o addaframe oyourbookcase,emembsome f theseointswill concealhmaden thesidepanel or theshe

Cuning hroughdadoesn theside anelssoneof thequickest ays o oinafixedshelf o a bookcase.n thephotoabove,heside anels reclampedtogether ith theirendslush,allowingwoperfectly ligned adoeso becut at thesame ime.A straightedgeig guideshe outer hroughhecut.

JOINERYPTIONSORIXEDHELVING



BOOKCASE

MAKING HALF-SLIDINGOVETAIL

1 Preparinghe ide anels

I The alf -dovetai ladoesn heside anelsre outedn

two teps:i rstwith st ra ighti t ,and henwith dovetaili t .Install straightitof hedesirediameternyourouter. lamp

theside anelsdge-to-edgend nside-face-upo a work ur-

face;make ureheir nds re l i gned.lamp board gains

the tock t heend f he utt ingine opreventearout.lso

clamp nedge uide crosshepanels,ffsetoproperlyocate

theedge f he outer ase late nd hebit .Start ingtone

edge f hepanels,eed he outer crosshestock, ressing

th ebase late gainstheedge uidehroughouthecuI above

Completehedado ymakinghesecondutwith dovetail

bi I (inset),hift ingheedge uide wa yrom he irsicut by

one-halfhedovetai li tdiameter.

r' ) Preparinghe helfL fo creale at ing a l f -dovetai longuesn heends f he

shelves,eavehedovetaili t n he outerndmounthe ool

ina able. osi t ionhe enceora shallowut.Feedheshelf

onend nto hebit,keepingt lush gainsthe ence i thone

hand hi le ushingt forwardi th heother and /eff). est-

f i t hecutend n a half-dovetailado. dtusthe it , f neces-

sary, ymovinghe enceluinch wayrom hebi tandmaking

anotherass. eoeathecutat heother nd f heshelf .

5 l



EDGETREMMENTSFORSHELVES

E dg. treatmentsre tr ips f sol idI--i wood, eneer,r commercialand-ing appliedo thevisibleedges f ply-woodshelves;heyconcealhepanels'

plies, reatinghe llusion hat heshelv-ing s made f solidwood.Commercialedge anding s availabley the oll ina widevariety f wood ypes, olors,and widths.To nstall,simplycut offthe ength ouneed, et t in place, ndheat t with a householdron to melt

the adhesivehatbonds t to the eof theshelf.

Although ittlemorepainstto apply, hop-made oodstripso

several dvantagesverstore-bobanding. heyareoften ess ostlyyou can inishyour shelfedgesany avai lable ood species,uwhateverhicknessou desire. vetyof sol idwoodedge reatmeshownbelow.

If your shelves re made of solid wood,you can rout adecorative esign n their edges. orplywoodshelvesou

will need o attachwood stripsor veneer o cover heplies.

ASETECTIONFEDGEREATMENTS

V-groove Woodatrip

Molded wood atrip

Tongue-and-groove Reinforaededge



BOOKCASE

REINFORCINGSHELF

tlll llJltlltl ll11lrllllll llJl11lll iltlll lll lll lllllllllRabbetingheedge iece

A piece f hardwoodanbegluedo heedge f a shelfo strengthent.To out

the abbetn heedge iece,nstall %-inch traightit nyour outer ndmount

the ool n a table. et he enceorawidth fcuteoualo he hicknessf heshelf. osecureheworkpiecehrough-out hecut, crew featherboardo ash im nd lampheassemblyo hetab le . he h imwi l l a isehe eather-boardoapply ressureo hemiddle ftheworkpiece.lsonstalleatherboar

to he ence nboth ides f heb i t .(Forhesake f clarity,he eatherboar

on heoutfeedide f he ence as eenremovedn he l lust ra t ion . )onot

attempto rout he abbetnon€pass;

instead, ake seriesfpasses,ncreasing hedepth fcuteachime abovd.

Repeatn t i l he he l fi t s lushn herabbetinset). ou an ound rshape

theedge ieceoyourik ing.

9HO7 t?Springboard lampfor edgeglu ingFor hickedge rreal-menls,you iqh|need hreeor four clamVoto hold he piecenplacewhi le he lue r iee.

oinqle lampwill orhe ob ueN s well fyouueea oprinq-board.TomakeLhedevice, u t

a 4enLlecurve-'/o-inch-deepaLiLscenLer-along needge f a 2- inch-wideoardhe eamelen7th nd hickness s lhe panel. enNerhe Vanel nNoV f Nhe arclamp ndeet.Nheoncavedqe f lhe oVringboardgaineNNhedgematerial.Uoinq woodpad ,o?roLecthe otheredqeof lhe panel,Ni hten th e clamp unt l Ih e ep inqboard fl aLt ene againot th e edqe,

53



FACEFRAMES

|f ecauseheycompletelyoveIJ edgesf sidepanels,ace raaredeallyuitedorplywoodookconstruction.ade romacontra

wood,heycanalso rovide dectivedetail.Cutting ndassemblingframedemandsrecision;he omustbe ightand he rame quaris o fit properly ndprovide trenUseheassembledarcasesa referto measurehe ails nd tiles. aceraareeither luednplace r attachedbiscuitointsasshown elow.

Aface ramestrengthenscArcasewhilehidingpaneledges.t alsoprovidesambsfor doorhinges.

INSTALLINGFACERAME

1 Guttinglotsn heI carcasend ace rameMeasureour arcasend ut he wo ails

and ti les f he acerameo ength;lsocu tmedianailsocover ny ixed helves.The rame houldest lushwith heout-side f hecarcase.oin he ails nd tileswithdowels,iscuits,r mortise-and-tenonjoints,hen lue p he ace rame ssem-bly,ensuringhat t issquare. nceheadhesivesdry, andt andplacet on opof hebookcase.arkhe ocationsf hebiscuitoints n bothhecarcasend heface rame-typicallyvery to 6 inches.Set heplateoineror hebiscuit ou

areusing ndcut heslotsn hecarcase(right), ligningheguidelinen he aceplatewitheach enci lmark. hen utmating lotsn he rame.



BOOKCASE

Installinghe acerame

Apply lueo he lo tsn he ar -

case nd acerame nd longhemat-ingsurfaces.nserthebiscuitsn hecarcAqelots.hen et he ace rame

inplace bove). ork uicklyinceheg luewi l l auseheb iscu i t soexpand

almostmmediately.

ClampingheassemblyClamphe ace rame o thecarcase

about very 2 nches.oapply ressure

to hecenter f hemediana i l , sepiece f stock lampedo hecarcaset

either ndwith shimn hemiddle/efil.



BASES ND FEET

$.)"asemoldingsoften ddedo a bS-Jcaseo

"anchor"thepiece ndc

plementny rowrr roldingnstathe op.There re wobasicwayso b

a base. he irst s o rnaker rabmiteredrameof molded ieces

stock tandingnedgeseabcloframewrapsaround hebase fbookcaseikea skirtandhidesheeryat hebottomofthecarcase.heondn-rethodnvolvesuildine mitfraure f hor izontalnoldedtocprovides flat surfaceor attacturned eet page B).Bothrnetallow orwoodexpansionndcanbeadaptedo fit modular ookca

bookcasesoined ogether.asentoldingandJbetadd nfirishing touch o a bookcase. hennlding cnnberouted o rnatclt lrc crownrrrolditrg r thestn'roundingrint in the room.

INSTALLINGRABBETEDASEM()LDING

' lAssemblinghe rame

I The rame hown bovesmade rom hree ieces f moldedstock, back, nd ourcorner races. rabbetscutalongheins ide d g e f h e mo lded ieces ,o rm ing l ip h a t hebook-casewi l l s i t on.To make he basemolding,i rstpreparehreepieces f sol id tock nd outa decorat iveoldinsn heec lse

of each. hen nstal l straight i tandcuta rabbetn heops i te ace f each iece. u t hemoldingo length i thmiteboth ront orners,hencut a piece f stockor heback njo in t to hesides i thbiscui ts. lue he ront o thes idesscrew orner racesn place o securehe oint (above).

t ' :.,' ii

iI

-,'tr,liqp*

\,

'lq- .;,



BOOKCASE

lnstallinghebasemolding

Once ouhavein ishedssembl inghe

frame, ttachheunit o hebottom f he

bookcase.o einforcehe oint, crewwo

angle rackets idwaylonghe nsideframe f hebasemolding.preadlue n

the abbet n he rontpiece f he rame

and n he i rs t nch f he ide ieces.

(Th is i l lcause nywoodmovemento

takeplaceowardheback f hecarcase,preventrnghemiteroints t he ront rom

breaking.)hen et he ramenplace n

thebookcase,nd crewhebracketso

thebottom f hecarcase.

lnstallingbottomrace

lf your ookshelfeaturesobasemoldingnda f xed helfs ocatedearhebot-

to mof hepiecen place f a carcaseottom,ou an nstall bottom raceo

hide hespace elowheshelf above,eff).Simply ut hebraceosize ndglue

ornail t inplacerom heends nd he opof hebottomhelf. ou an lso uta

decorativeatternn he bracedottedines). basemoldingabove,enter) lued

orscrewedo he ront nd idesrom nsidehecarcasesanotherptton.oumight

also hooseoattach gee racketedleerabove,ight)' seepage97ormorenfor-

mationn heir onstruct ionnd nstal lat ion.)

BOTTOMRACES,ASE OLDINGS,ND EET

57



BOOKCASE

INSTATTINGBASEWITH EET

1 Turninghe eet

I Cutb lanksor he ee t rom heappropr ia teize tock. o urneachblank, eterminetscenter , ountheblock na aceplate,nd ttachhe ace-plateo he athe. ositionhe ool estin inewi th he enterf heblank ndascloseo hestock spossibleithouttouchingt, hen se round-endcraperto shapehe oot above).lways orkon he down"side f he pinninglocktopreventickback.eriodical lyhecktheprofleof he ootwitha pair f out-side alipersrnset).nce ouare atis-fiedwith tsprofi le,andhe ooton helathe it hprogressivelyiner andpaper.

llillfl ltllltll t]lllll ltl]l1]lllll ll]llj ltllt lllltl5HO?TI?Rout n6 deaorativedetailslf youare building bookcaee

' tl'

iy

";;

f#

;t11

iiti

Lhatfeaturee othbaseandcrownmoldinq,youAVcan uoe hese adorn-

or otrher etail in i]Nheeideeofrhefacelf r am ee , l ne ta l l l ipilobed ecoralive it liinyourrouIer.WiNhthe bi| clearof lhework, ull the t ool'e aeeVlahe qainsl he crownmoldinq. urnonNhe oulerandease he bit, nto he work,Continueuttinaunli l he baoeVlat ouchesNhemoldinq t lhe opposite nd-.



BOOKCASE

filtlll llllll jlllll ll lll lll llllll llllll ]llijlll lll lll1HO?TI?Anchorin1bookaasesto the wallOnce lackedwiLhbooks,maqazineo,ndof,h r iLeme, ookc eescanbedanqerouelyop-heavy.Larq , reeeI'and'ingbookcaeesrebeet '

anchoredo the wa l l ,preterablyo a eIud. l fyourbookcaees a l lenouqh,n angle racketonNopw.ill e nvi.sible.ryoucan ocate ne anqleb ackel un e neaI'h h ehiqheot,ixedshelfandecrewt,Nhrou4hhe ackpanel nd nto he wal l .

r) Installinghe ee t

L Once ouhaveurned l l he eet,

screwhem o hebottom f hebase

molding.nl ikehe erttcalase old ing

shownnpage 6, hebasellustratedtleft s horizontal,ithawide abbetout-

ed n he ace f each ieceha taccepts

thebottom f hebookcase;moldings

cuton he rame's uter dge page 6)

After ssemblinghebase, r i l la coun-

tersunkolehree-quartersf heway

throughhecenterfeachoot,hen ore

a pilot olehe est f heway hroughhe

wood. crewhe eet o hebase/eft).

ATTACHING()()KCASES(IGETHE

Usinghreadedonnectorsl f you re ui ld ing orehan ne ook-

case ra modulara l l n i t , ons ider

attachingdjacentookcasesogether

for tabi l i ty.quick nd f fc ient ayo

do he ob s o use hreadedonnector

to oinadjacentides above). ith hetwobookcaseside yside ndprop-

er ly l ignedith ach ther,ore hole

throughhe wo ide ane ls .nsta l l

threadedonnector;orstabi l i ty,se

four osix onnectorslonghe ength

of hes ide ane ls .f your ookcases

haveace rames,ou an nstal lnter-

mediatet i leso hide hegapbetween

the wobookcases.



he armoire came nto favor dur-ing the late 15thand early16th

Centurieso meethegrowingeedorstoragepace y Renaissanceurope'swealthy ndacquisitiveity dwellers.

Thearmoire rovided prightstorageof finegoods; efore, elongingsereusually ackedn large hests.

From hebeginning,hearmoirewasasprizedor tsdecorativettributessfor itspracticality. hepiecesessen-tiallya reestandingloseteaturing neor two doors, roviding paceo hangclothes,ndoccasionallyrawers ndshelvingo furnishadditional torage.Thedesigneachedpinnaclen thelate17thCenturywhenParisianabi-

netmaker ndrd-Charlesoulle ro-duced everalor hecourtoflouisXIV.Thoughhis pieces ereundeniablyBaroquen theirelaboraternamenta-tion, hey tillserve soosemodelsorthearmoiresf today.

InAmerica,he ermarmoires ofteninterchangedith itsEnglish quiva-lent,wardrobe.ywhateverame,he

ARMOIRE

This glass urio,or display, abinetwas

constructedn much hesamewayas

thearmoire n theacingpage,xcept

that hewooden helvesnd hesideand

doorpanelswere eplaced ith glass.

cupboardndadothes losettonenter-tainmententer.

Whateverts use, hemodern r-moire s usually uilt n the radition-al,or period, tyle. ike tsancestors

today'srmoire egins ith anupright,rectangularabinet,ypically 4 o 80inchesalland36 o48 nches ide. oruseasa wardrobe,hepiece hould edeep nougho house clothes ang-er-about 22 nches.

Thebasic abinet hown npage 0was ut ogether ith rame-and-panel oinery@age2)toachievecombi-nationof attractivenessndstrength.Dovetailspage 6) andplate oints(page9)areequallyturdy lternatives

Thischapterhows ow o add headornmentsf an armoireo a basiccabinet ilasterspage4), ornice ndbasemoldings page 6),and rame-and-panel oors page 2).Theele-ments f hearmoire re ighlightedntheanatomy npage 2.

Despitetselaborateppearance,hearmoires a reasonablerojector a

woodworkerf averagekills.Build hevarious iecesarefi.rllyand he esult ill beanattractive,ersatileiece f urniture.

Thearmoire t leftdisplays muted

Baroque esignypicalof manymod-

ernAmericanwardrob s.

piece asproveno bepopular n NorthAmerica incehelate18thCenturyandnow t servesseverythingroma ood

6 l



ANATOMYOFAN ARMOIRE,

Layered

cornice molding

Layered

cornice

moldinq(2aqe66)

/\ ,,'\ --','-' Top panel

FlywcoCor jr ;ccKett .aaf luslt tvt*ch

of c;ebinel,rnroociuLfomet.al aste(-1fltoaKaT l

\ _!Stile

YerTcair;eme

aomFa

ncIizonframe

aornPO

Pilaeter

l .2aqe6

Decorative base molrt.t.aclted t.h. aeffi. r

' o . \ ' l ' :

i:a?e. / inc.h bovr,' cloi :srrnotre .cprcvenT

rnq rcrr i:carinq any w0r'. tnst,alta rabberetlnt t l t i tnq (2aqe 56'1

to"t /

(2aqe 3' ;

Door /(2aqe 2)

/ f/ tt / \

Eott.om̂,,-/ aZ

Bottom panel

,.'ii. a t l t ,:l t.o f r :l tr e

wi r.it 1cr14er ,l.rtp:'

al ctat ,t: .et. inf.o

a 4i 'L)ar( ' ; t . t i . .n i . i ic

in:t,it: ::ti4t::' of tht

i:ctli,arr: r:|l:t

)Mutt ion /

t,'erficalmember f,hat,a.peral,e. fronl, tnto fwo

parts. pro',,tCtnqur'face fordoc r Lo o losea4atne tandfo r mcunLtn4 ock hardware

\..-



ANASSORTMENT)FARMOIREARDWARE

t ^ ^ l

*--l I r f^-=----------- ]l e : l

I N A I t - - - n f l - lr:1 l:' r1l l/ \| l:tl \a/l I I l \6/l l \6/l lL-Jl i \6-l l- : :

Double-ball atch9mall catch wiLh wo eprinq-loaded alleecrewed omullionor rail. Dallaonap n placeovera keepermount-ed to door; catch can ehter'keeperrom front or srdee.

ARMOIRE

Cloak-aaee ingeTivotson a pin,whichallowadoor to be ifLed off

Adjuatable leveleraUaedLo evel pieceoffurnrture;threaded bolt withplaatic baaeaecuredn threadedT nut

LaaehingeFull-len7th inqewith finialeat top and bottom;htnqe e bolted o cabrnetand mortiaed nto door

Rat-tail hingeFtvotaon pin wtLh ecorativeLailnatled o armoire: ike (clock- aeehin e,al lowedoor to be eaailyremoved

Straight cupboard loakEack-mounted oor lock wrthathrough bolt extendtngefLorriqht, ao required; eychambercentered n lockcase

Caeementbolt lockEolta exLend he fulllen7thof Lhedoorand are aecured nbrackete aetened tothe top and bottomratlaof Lhearmoire

o o

wrt

--*<_-E- 4 ^ \--\./

\

63



PILASTE,RS

Pilastersare narrow boardsfastenedto th efront stilesof an armoireand

Jluted with two or threeblind grooves

for decoration.

MAKINGNDNSTATLINGITASTERS

1 Cuttinghegrooves

I Cut hepi las teriecesos ize,ak ingnto ccounthewidth f he t i lesal lowingnoughpace etweenhedoor nd hepi lasteror hehingesou lause. hen,nstall core ox it nyourouter ndmounthe ool na able. djuscutt ingeightora semicircularove. arkhe ocat ionf hegroovesn heentheboard nd ddmarks n he ac endicat ingherehecutshouldtar t ndeAIignhe ront uttinginewith hebit, hen sehe eadingnd f hepieceo mareferenceine n heoutfeedence, epeatheprocedurei th heback utt ingandmake similareferenceine n he nfeedence. djusthe enceor he groove,hen nstal l featherboardn he able o hold hepi lasterirmly gathe ence. ound verhe opedge f he eatherboardo preventhestockrcatchinghent spivotedownnto he ut.Tomakehe uts, l ignhe eadinof hepi lasteri th he eferenceine n heoutfeedence nd owerheboardonto hebiI (above,opl.Hold heworkpiecelaton he able syoumakepass. henheback nd f hepiece l igns i th he eferenceine n he nfence, ivot hestock ff the able above,ottom). epeathecut on heotp i las ter ,hen d jus the enceo cu t he emain ingrooves.



ARMOIRE

llll lltlll ll1lll ill]l1illllllll lil]llllllll lll illlll lllgHO?TI?thaping pilaetero nthetable eaw

WilhLhehelpof a oimple hop-builliq,youcanuseNhe ove-cut't in4Nechniquehown n ?aqe69 ro ehapeVilaohere.or he iiq, cul a

wedqe-haped aeepiece l Nhe ppropriahen7le or he cove ou

neeA nd ecrew l t d two tencee: ' ow encealongone onqeideand

a hi4her neon he adlacenleide,lhen crewhe iq t' o he eaw rip

fence.IomakeNhe ule, l ineup 'hemiddle f the leadinq ndof a

IesI boardwithNhe lade ndadjueL he ip ence nt i l he anqled

r') Installinghepilasters

Z. Pi lastersanbesecuredith lue

alone, ut oraddedtrength,se ome

wel-concealedcrews.irst, etermne

the ocatronf hepi lastersn hest i le .

They re ypicallyenteredetweents

edges. ext, preadthin,even oat f

glue n hebackace f hepilaster,

etit inplace,nd lampt, using ood ads

toprotecthestock. rill i lot olesnto

thepi lasterrom nsidehe abinetnd

drive screwnto he opandbottom f

thepilasterabovd. epeatheprocess

to mounthesecondi laster.

4uidebuLIoaqainot he pilaet'er,lurnn 'heea wand eed he board

inlo the blade o shown; djuot 'h ecultinq heiqhluntilyoucreaNethe VVropriaNeroove.Markqrooveocalion inee ndfronN nd back ulLinq inesonNheworkpiece6youdid n oNeV

1onpaqe 4,then eaw heqrooveg. seexlremecarein owerinqndraie inqEhework-

?tec,eT,,

eacnenaof the

troove.

65



CORNICEMOLDINGS

Createdby the threeseparate outer

bits shown below, he three ayersofmolding that make up the typical cor-

nice at right appearas onesinglepiece

when heyare nstalled n an armoire.

Besides roviding a visualframework

for the armoire, he moldingserves

secondestheticfunction, leading the

eye nto the centerof thepieceand

keeping t focused here.

MAKING ORNICEOLDING

TAYERED(|RNICEOTDING

Covebit

1 RoutinghemoldingI Cut hree oardsongerndwideyouwillneedor he hreeayersfming above).nstall panel-raisiniyourouterndmounthe ool na aAl ignhebi tbear ingith he enceadjusthecutter eighto eave flanomorehan% nchhick n heedthestock bovehemolding. ounfeatherboardsn he ence nd ne ntableo securehestockhroughou

cuts.ln his l lustration,he eatheron heoutfeedence as een emoforclarity.)urn n he oo land eestock left). ocompletehepass,mto heoutfeedide f he able ndothestockhroughheendof hecut.Make everalasses,ncreasinghewof cu t% nch fstock t a ime.Formsecondoard it h hecove itandthird iece i th heRomangee i t



ARMOIRE

r) Miteringhemolding

L Wnen ouhavemadehe hreemold-

ing trips,ipeachowidththe irst,nner-

most iecehould e hewidestnd he

thirdhenarrowest).hen utstrips light-

ly ongerhan ouwil lneedor he ront

and ides f heworkoiece.heends f

themoldingtr ips remiteredt45' togoaroundhecornersndpilasters.heprocedureoreachayers h esame: old

the idemoldingnposit ion,tsback nd

f lush i th heback f he abinet. ark

the ront ornerf hecabinetn hestrip.(Forhesecondnd hird trips, arkhe

front orner f hepreviousayer f mold-

ing . )nadd i t ion ,arkhed i rect ione-quiredor hemiter ut.Tilt he able aw

bladeo 45"an d eed hestock singhe

miter auge/eff).Caution:lade uard

removedorclatity.) epeathecuton he

secondide iece.hen, ark nd ut

th eends f he ront ieces.

2 Installinghe irst ayer fmolding

r-J Eachayer f moldings astenedo

th earmoiren wo teps: he ongertrips

for heside nd ront reattachedirst ,

followedy hesmalleriecesroundhepilasters.pread hin ayer fglue n he

backace f he irst ide iece,he n et

it inplace gainsthearmoireith ts op

level ithorslightlybovehe opof hecabinet. se cut-off rad sshown npage 23 o he lp os i t ionhemold ing

whi le ou lamp nd crewt nplace t

either nd f hestr ip.f you re sing

carcaseatherhan rame-and-panelon -

structionobuildhearmoire,se sliding

dovetailoholdhe idemoldingsnplace(page27).Repeatheprocedureo attach

theother idemolding,henmounthef r an l n i oeo ( r i oh f l, , v , , (

P ' v v v

67



ARMOIRE

ApplyinghemoldingroundhepilastersOnce hesides ndmain rontpiece f he i rst ayer f

moldingre nstal led,he mall iecesroundhepi lastersmust e ut osize ndmountednplace.ourmall ieces

needo be i t ted roundach i laster; i ter l l hepiecesat45'at both nds. oldhemiterednd fa str ip f hef rstmoldinglush gainsthemrterednd f hemainrontpiece,henmarkhe ront ornerf hepi lastern heedgeof hemold ing. ake 45"mi ter u ta t h is o in t . hen ,holdhemoldingnplacend epeatheprocedureomarkand u t henex t iece. on t inuen h ismannern t i lhefour iecesre ut osurroundach i laster.ry-assemblethepieceso ensurenaccurateit , hen preadlue n hepiecesnd i t hem n place. ecurehe ront iece nthepi las teri th screw. sein ish ingai lsor he mal l -erpieces,r ivingheheadselowhe urfacei th nai l et

(r ight). he econdayer f moldingannow eattachedthesame ay s he irs1.

f, Clampingheoutsideayer fmoldingnplace. - ,1Srnceheouts ideayer f mold ingi l lbeent i re lyis ib lef rom he ront f hearmoi re,t should esecuredi th n lyg lue . sbefore ,pplyhes ides ndmajn ront iecei rs t ,then dd he mal l t r ips roundhepi las ters .hennsta l l -ing he ront iece,preadlue n t and l i gnts opedgewi th he opof h e i rs t wo ayersf mold ing.nsta l l threebar lampscrosshearmoi reo securehepiecen place,t r gh ten r nghe l am psr adua l l yn u r n n t i l h i n e a d f

glue queezesut rom he oint ; sewood adso protethestock above).f necessary,se ut-off radspage 2to ho ldhemold ingnpos i t ionhi le ou pplyhe lamRepeatheprocedureor he wo ide ieces.o in ishhmold ing,lue pand nsta l lhepiecesroundhepi lasClamphe mal lront i eces i thbar lamps.or he idse t hepiecesnp lace nd nsta l lonelamp crossnepi lastero securehemboth tonce.



ARMOIRE

1 Settinghewidth ndmarkingheguidelines

I Fashionornice old ingith hehelp f he ove-cutt ing

guide hownbove.he igwi l lenableou ocuta covemold-ing ,wh ich an hen e ippedn ha l f o producewo orn ice

moldings.oconstructhe1ig,astenwo18-inch-long-by-2s

to wo9-inch- long-by-2s ith arriageolts ndwing uts,

formingwo ets fparallelrms. djusthe igso hedistance

betweenhe nsidedgesf he wo ong rms qualswicehe

width f he ovedart fmoldingouwil l nsta l l .et hebladeheight t hedesiredepth f cut,Lay heguide crossheblade

and otatet unti lheblade,urnedyhand,ust oucheshe n-

side dgesf hearms.henun penci llonghe nsidedges

of he ong rmso race uidelinesn he ablensertabove).

r) Cuttinghecove

Z- Removehe suideand owerhe blade

benea t hhe ab i e .O u t l i nehe des i r ed

cove ro f i l e n he ead i ng ndof the

workpiece,henset he stock n he saw

table, l ign inghemarkedut l ine i th he

guidel inesn he able nser t . u t tgu ide

boards gainsthe edges f theworkpiece

andclamphemparal le lo heguidel ines

useboardsong nougho span he saw

table.Drawines incheso e i ther ide f

theblade n heguide oards,e l ineat ing

a dange r one ha tyou rhands hou l d

avo id . r ankheb l ade% nch bovehe

tab le . o m ake he rs tpass ,eed he

workpieceteadi lynto heblade i th our

le f t hand ,w h i l eho l d i nghew or kp i ece

aga i ns the ab l ew i thyou r igh thand

(/ef f ) . in ishhecut us ing pushblock.

Make s many assess necessary,a is-

ing heblade% nchat a t ime.For deep

cove,acka backup oardo the opof

theworkpreceo preventp l i t t ing. ora

smooth nish, a isehe b lade ery l ight-

ly or he astpass nd eed heworkpiece

slowlynto t .When hecut s completed

r ip he stock n hal f o fashionhe mold-

ing, hensand hepteces.

CUTTINGOLDING)NTHETABLEAW



ARMOIRE

MITERIGThis impleigwil la l lowou o mitertheends f moldingnyour adialarm awwith hebladen henormal90'crosscuttingosition.efero heillustrationorsuggestedimensions.

Tobui ldhe ig,bevelheends ftheguidest 45".Next, ut hebaseand ence nd crewhe wopiecestogether,eavingnoughf he enceextendingelowhebaseo sit n he

slot etweenhe ront uxi l iaryableand hespacer.hen, emovehesaw'sence ndpositionhebase fthe igon he awable, eat inghefencen he able lot . et hebladein he90'crosscutt ingosit ionndadjusthecutt ing eptho make%-inch-deeperf n hebase. ncethecut s made,emovehe igand

screw neof heguides dge-downon hebase ith tsbevelednd lush

againsthe ence nd tspointus ttouchinghekerf n hebase. osi-tion hebeveledndof hesecondguidelush longhekerfn hebase.Use carpenter'squareo ensuretheseconduidessquareo hefirstone,hen crewt in place.(Therehouldeenoughpace e-tweenhe woguidesor hestockyouwil lbecutt ing.)

Instal lhe igon he able. oldingthest r ip f mold ingi rmly gains toneof heguides,utt heendofthestock gainsthe ence. urn nthesaw ndpull he okehroughhecuI (left), ocut hematingmiter,securehesecondiece gainstheoppositeuide,henpul l hesawthroughhe ut.



ARMOIRE

ENTILOLDING

able awold ingsa c lass icrnamenta l

ons is t ingfsma l l ectangu larrdent i ls, i th pacesetween

t ismaderom hin tock,ypical-

ybetween and% nchh ick , nd slacedither irect lygainsthe abinet

o ld ingn op, rsand-

etweenwomoldingsinset) .

First ,ip hestocko hedesired idth.

hennstall dado ead swide s he

spaceouwant etweenhedent i ls,nd

adjustheblade eighto set he ength

of heblocks. crew nextensionoard

to hemrter auge,hen eedt into hedado eadocu ta notch. oveheexten-

siono he ight y h ewidth f heden-

t i l , hen uta secondotch. ake smal l

woodeney o t snuglyn henotches;

s l idet in to he i rs t o tch nt i l t p ro-

trudes bout inch. ut t heend f he

stock gainsthekey ndhold t f rmly

againsthemiter augeo cut he rst

dent i l . o r henext u t ,p lacehe i r s t

notch verheke yan d epeatheproce-

dure . ont inuen h ismannernt i lhe

length f moldings cuI right).

LEVELINGHE RMOIRE

Installingdjustableevelers

Tocompensateoranunevenloor,nstall

adjustableevelersn hebase fyour

armorre.hehardwareonsistsf a T nut

anda threadedodwitha plast icoot.

Insta l lhe evelersyboringolesor he

T nutsn hebottomf he eet.Drillhem

slightlyongerhan he hreadedods. ap

thenutsnto heholes i th mallet,hen

screwn he evelers/eff). djusthe eet

to evelhecabinet.



DOORS

he frame-and-paneloorsoarmoirearebuilt n much hes

wayas hesideassembliesf a fraand-panel abinet page32).How

there redifferences.oth he nsidoutside dgesf thestiles nd ailscamoldedor added ecoration.n ation, hemortise-and-tenonointusconnecthe rame iecesncorpormiteredmolding, hown n pagefinal differencenvolveshestockuto builddoors.Becauseheyswingdoorshavea tendencyo deformcounteracthis,doorsareoftenmfrom heavier tock.To avoidan exsively eavy ppearance,hebacko

door framecanbe rabbetedo alloportionof thedoor o remainnsidarmoirewhen t isclosed. he esulip along heoutside dge feachdrests n a verticalmullion dividinscabinet pening r on a falsemulTwhich sa stripofwoodattachedoedge fthe eft-hand oor.

Theglassoorshown npageessentiallyrame-and-paneloorwglassanels.heglassitsn rabbealonghe nside dgesf he rameisheldnplace ystrips f moldin

Thedoors f thearmoireabove armonize ith the rame-and-panel onstructionf thepiece.Their ip-rabbeted ount-ingpartly recesseshedoorsnto thecabinet,making hemappearhin and delicate espiteheirsturdy onstruction.

TWO OOR-MOUNTII{GETHODS

FIueh-mounted

_ l r

et

Lip-rabbeted



ARMOIRE

TW()D()()RNATOMIES

9Li le

Median

--.-'rait

GLASSOOR

9I;ile

\ Kabbet



ARMOIRE

MAKING FRAME-AND.PANEL()()R

' l Cuttinghe enonsI Make our rmoire'srame-and-paneloorsbycuttrngl indenonst heends fal l he ai ls,as hownere,nd hen hapinghe nsidedgesofa l l he rame omponents ,s l lus t ratednsteps through. F inal ly ,r i l lmor t isesn hestilessfep ) andprepareac hrameora pan-el (step ).Tocu t he enonsnyourable aw,instal l dado ead l ight ly iderhanhe enonlength.nstal l nauxi l iaryoodence nd otchit by aisinghedado eadnto t.Set hewidtho fcu tequa lo he enonengthnd djusthecutt ingeightoabout ne- thi rdhe hicknessof he tock. o ld inghe a i l lush gainsthemiter augend he ence,eed hestockace-

downnto heb ladeso cu tone enon heek .Turn heboard ver ndmakehesame utontheother ide. heckor t ina tes tmor t ise,then epeatheprocessn heother nd f heboard ndon heother ai ls bovd. o ut hetenonhoulders,et hecutt ingeighttaboutI tnch. hen, i th he ai l ace ush gainsthemiter augend heendbuttedgainsthe ence,feedheworkpiecento heblades.urnhe ai lover nd epeathecuton heolher ide right),

Cu t he est f he enon houldershesame av.



ARMOIRE

) Shapinghe ails nd tiles

to fashionntegratedold ingn he

insrde dges f hedoorrame, t your

outer ith piloted oldingitandmount

na able. lignhe ence ith hebearingn hebit, hen djusthecutting

deptho shapehebottom ortionf he

board. or ach ass,ee dhestockgood-face-downnto hebit,pressingt

f rml y ga insthe ence; d justhecut -

t ingheight ,f necessary.hapenlyhe

interiordgesf he ails nd tiles round

thedoor's er imeter.or medianai l ,

l ike heone t ight, hapeoth dges.

Q Preparinghe ailsorglue P

r.J The ornersf he enon houlders

must emiteredo mate roper lyi th

th estiles. emoveheauxiliaryencerom

the able awence nd nstal l crosscu

orcombinationlade. et hebladengle

to 45', make test ut n a scrap oard,

and heckhecutwi th combinat ionsquare.d justhe ence osit ionnd

blade eighto hat hecut sexactlys

wide nd eep s hewidth f heedge

molding.The ladeeeth houldus tpro-

trude eyondhe enon houlder.)omake

the uts, old hepiecelush gainsthe

miter augend he ence syou ee d t

edge-downnto heblade. epeathecuts

on heends feachmoldeddge f he

remainingails left).



ARMOIRE

Notchinghe tilesLeavehe able awblade neled t

45o,measurehewidth f eachai l , ndmark ine n hemoldeddge f hemat-ing t i le cor respondingis tanceromtheend.Cut nto hemoldeddge t hel ine,makingertainhat hecutwil lnotmar he a ce f hesti le. or t i lesmat-rngwithmedianai ls,ou eedo maketwo pposing5"cuts nd l ice wayhewaste etweenhem.Slice ff most fthestr ip f moldingetweenhe45"cutand ach nd f he ti lewith band aw(above).moothhecutedge singhetable aw. eavinghe ip encenplace,holdhe tilelush gainsthemiter augeand lidehestock ack nd orth crosstheblade right). epeatheprocessora l l he t i les .



ARMOIRE

1i Preparingheramesorpanels

\J Cut hepanel roovesn he rame dges ith our outer

and hree-winglo t t ingut ter . ry -assemb lehe a i ls nd

st i les feach oor nd lamphe rameace-downna work

tab le , s ing ood adso pro tecthestock. d justhe u t -

t ingdepth fyour outero cuta groove idwayetweenhe

bot tomf he rame nd heedge f hemold ing. i th i rm

gripon he outer,owerhebase late nto hesurfacend

suidehebit nto he tock ear ne ornerf he rame. nce

the b i t p i lo tbut tsagainstheedge f thestock, ont inuehe

cut in a clockwise irect ion above). epeathe processor he

o t he r ane l pen i ngs . ake r a i sed ane lo reach pen i ng

(page 6) andglueup he doorasyouwouldany rame-and-

panel ssembly.ou annow outa decorat iveold ing round

theouts ide dges f hedoors nda rabbet roundheirback

faces; esure o leave nough tockbetweenhe wo o instal l

i h p h i n o p c l n a o p 7 Q )\ F e b e ' ' / '

f , Cutt ing ort isesn hesti les

r-,f Useoneof the enons oucut in step

i asa guideo out l in inghemor t isesn

theedges f thest i les, o make he ob

easier , lamp l lhestr lesogetherace-

to - face i t h he i r nds l i gned .ns ta l l

mor t is ingt tachmentnyour r i l lpress

andclamp ne t i le o he ence, enter ing

themor t i seu t l i ne nde rhech i se l nd

b i t ,M akehedr i l l i ng ep th i nchmore

than he enon ength; ake cutat each

endof he mort ise efore or ing ut he

waste n between/eff).Repeathe proce-

dure o cut he remain ing or t ises.

77



ARMOIRE,

BUILDINGGLASS OOR

r ) Makinghemoldingnd

L gluinguphe door

Shapebothedges f a board page 6)

that s ong nougho producehe ength

o f mo ld ingouneed . h e n i p hemo ld -

ing rom hestock na table aw.Cut he

mo ld ingo eng th . i t e r ingheends t45' . Cutand t onepiece t a t ime. nce

t hemo ld ings ready , e ta d rop f c lea rg laz tngompoundveryew nchesopreventheglass rom att l ing. ay hemo ld ingn p lace nd , ta r t i ng inches

from he corners, orepi lotholes t 6-inch n te rva lsh roughhemo ld ing n drn to he rame. ac k own hemo ld ing

withbrads, sing piece f cardboardoprotecthe glass rom he hammer right).

' lCutting rabbeto hold tass

I Glass anelsie n abbetsathegroovesndareheld n p lace y h in

o f mo ld ing . lampheg lued-uprama work urface, s ing woodpad o

tectyour tock. hen nstal l %-inc

bet ing i t n a router ndset hedep

cut o hecombinedhicknessf he

and hemoldrng. old he ool rml

bothhands hi le est inghebase la

the rame ear ne orner,henguid

bi t nto he nside dge f hedoor.M

the router lockwise long he edgesieft)until he cut scompleted. qua

corners i tha ch ise l nda wooden(neareft).Make he cutsacrosshe g

f rs t o avoid pl i t t inghe rame.



ARMOIRE

HANGINGHED00RSNTHE RM0IRE:ACE INGES

1 Installinghehingesn hedoors

I The ype f hinge hown ere ttacheso hedoor itha

leaf teach nd; o l tsastenheassemblyo hearmoire.he

leaves ust emort isednto hedoor dge. egin ysecur-

ing hedoor dge-upn a vise. osi t ionhehinge n heedge

andmarkhe ocat ionf he eaves.teach u t l ine ,se

ch ise lo cu ta recessn hecheek f he abbetroundhe

back f hedoor qua ln deptho he eaf h ickness;top

the uta t he abbethou lder .heni t ane lect r icr i l lw i th

a w is t i tequa lnd iametero he h icknessf he eaf nd

bore series f overlappingoleso extendhe ecessesown

into heshoulderabove,ef f ) . er iodical lyest- f i the eaves

in hemort ises,app inghem nwith mal le t ;t op r i l l i ng

oncehehingeestslush n heedge f hedoorwith he

leavesn he i rmor t i ses .emoveheh inge om hedoor ,

lay hedoorla tona work ur facendposi t tonheh inge

on heedge,eavinghe eavesutsidehemort ises.ark

screw oles n hebackace f hedoor t i le ndbore

countersunko le teachmark. l ideheh ingeeavesack

into hemort ises,nddr ivehescrewso securehehinge

to thedoor above,ight).

r) InstallinghedoorL to mounthehinpe oltso hearmoire,et hepiecJontsback.Workingith helper,f necessaryhold hedoornposit ionndmark

thebolt ocatronsn he ront tile f

thearmoire.ore clearanceole t

eachmark.hen eposit ionhedoor

on hepiece,l ippingheboltsnto

theholesleft). ix hedoorn place

with henuts rovided.

79



ARMOIRE

HANGINGHED00RS:L0CK-GASEINcES

1 PositioninghehingesI Set hearmoiren tsback. or achdoor,ixstrips f maskingape crosshe

cornersf heopening.lacemall and-paperhims esidehepiecesf ape opreventhedoorrom nadvertentlyhift-ingasyouwork . et hedoorn place,center ingt overheopening. easurefromboth ideso make ertainhedoorisparal lelo hesti les. nce ou re at-isfedwi th heposi t ioning,arkhecor-ners f hedoor n he ape i th penci l .Next, utt hehingesgainstheedge fthedoor; se apemeasureo make urethat hey re qual lypacedromhe opandbottom f the door right).Holdingtheupper alf f hehingenplace,l ipoff hebottomal f nd hehinge inanduse penci lo markhescrew oles nthe dooredgebelow).

( ( t ( t t

Dottom half



ARMOIRE

r) Mountinghehingesn hedoorL Securetheoor dge-upna worK

surface.henbore i lot oles t eachmarkedoint. oldhe ophalf feach

hinge quareo hedoor dge nd crewit in place/eff).

HanginghedoorPlacehedoor ack n hearmoire

and eassemblehehinges.heckhat

thecornersf hedoor re l igned i th

themarksn hemaskingape. race

aroundhebottom f hehinges i thpenci l ,emovehedoor , i sassemble

thehinges,nd eposrt ionhebottomhalvesn hearmoire. arkhescrewholes n he abinet,ore ilot oles,ndscrewhebottom alfof each ingeo

thearmoirebelow). emoveheshims

and ape t r ips ,nser thep in n hebottom alf f hehinge,ndplacehe

door n hearmoire.

8 l



ARMOIRE

HANGINGHED00RS:RAT-TAII INGES

r) MountinghedoorZ. Posit ionhedoorn tsopeningn hearmoi rend ssembleheh inge,l id ingthe at{ai l in ntoheholen he eafFasten ingheh ingeo hearmoi resatwo-steppera t ion ,eg inn ingi th hebracket.racetsoutl inen h earmoire,removehebracketndoin. hen oreclearanceole or hebracketolt up-

p l ied i th heh ingehroughhecentero f heout l ine .hreadhebo l t n to hebracket ,l ip hebo l t n to hec learanceho le , nduse henut upp l iedo astenthebracketo hearmoire.hen l idehepin nto hebracket,heckinghat he at-ta i l ies la ton he ab ine t ;endhe a i lina vise,f necessary,o maket si t lat.Reassembleheh ingene na l ime nduse in ish ingai l o astenhe a t - ta i lto Ihearmoireright).

' lMountinghehinges n hedoor

I Measurehe distance etweenh

edge f he hingeeaf nd hescrew

in he ea ftheho les i l lbeh idden

the eaf s readyo be astenedo the

Make mortiseor eachhinge eafas

would or acehinges page 9).Wit

door dge-upn a vise, l ide he eaf

i tsmort ise. hen l ip he rat- ta i l in

its bracket ndset hebracket n he

edgewith he ail pointingowardhe

tomof hedoor.Holdinghe pi nandb

et n posi t ion,ap he eaf eepernt

door dge nt i l hehole n he eaf l

with he pi n (left).Measurerom he

of the eaf o mark tsscrew oles

door ndbore ountersunkoles.Dri

screwso f x he eaf o the door.



ARMOIRE

INSTALLINGL()CK

1Cutt inghekeyhole

I To mark he kevholeocat ion n he

door ,measurehe d is tance etweenhe

outs ide dge f the ock nd hecenter f

the key hamber n he ns ide f he ock.

(The ockbeingnsta l ledere s l lust rat -

ed on page 3.)Then ransferourmea-

suremento thedoor ,measur ingrom he

rabbet heek n he door's ack ace.Yo u

need o dr i l l woho l eso r he key : ne

for he shaf tanda nar rowerne or he

keybi t ,which s hest r ip f meta l e low

the forward nd of the shaf t ,Bore he

wider ole i rst ,us ing n elect r ic r i l l t -

t edw i tha tw i s tb i t s l i gh t l ya r ge rhan

the key haf t .fhenf t thedr i l lwi tha bi t

s l i gh t l ya r ge rhan he h i cknessf he

keybi t andbore second ole e lowhe

shafthole right);ocale he hole o suit

the key.Hold hedoor teady syoudr i l l

t he ho les . sea smal l l eo ra r i f f e r o

jo in he w o ho l es ndc r ea t e cav i t y

through hich he key i tseasi ly .

r) Mountinghe ock ndL makingtheoltmortise

Posit ionhe ock n heback f hedoor,

sl idinghekey hambern heholen he

door, nd it hekey nto he ock.With

thekey n p lace, o ld he ock teady

whileasteningt to hedoor /eff).Make

sure hat he ock ssquareo heedgeof hedoor syoudrivehescrews.o

locatehemortiseor hebolt, urn hekey o extendhebolt nduse penci l

to coatheend f heboltwith raphite

Retracthebolt nd losehedoor. xtend

thebolt gainstheedge f hemull ion

to markts ocationndusehedri l l nda ch ise lo cuta mor t i seenterednthepenci l a rk .f des i red,nsta l l n

escutcheonroundhekevhole.

B3



Abiscuitoinercuts slot n themitered nd

of the blanket hest'smoldedbase. hebases

rabbetedo accepthecarcase f thechest nd

the bracketeetare henscrewedo the base.

Blanket hestsreall relativelysimilar,eginning itha rectangularcarcasendahingedop.Dimen-sionsarybut asageneraluidelineconsider ength f40 o 45 nch-

es, widthof i8 to20 nches,ndaheight fabout 5 nches. hecar-cases made rompanels f edge-glued oards ndassembledithdovetailr frame-and-paneloin-

ery.The op eaturesoutedwoodstripshatare ttachedithslidingdovetailoints(page1 or amold-ingcanbe cut nto ts edgepage

92).To reventhe op romwarp-ing,andasa decorativeouch,wood

battensanbe astenedorstiffeningpage2).The op can

beattachedithapiano ingepage8)orbuttbngespage9).The echniquesor making asemolding ndbracketeet

forablankethestre iscussedtartingnpage3.Youmightchoosensteado nstall gee racketeet;hese ake ittingbaseorbookcasesndarmoiresswell. nstallinglanketoxhardwaresshown tartingnpage 00. hesetems rovidethe inaldecorativeouchandshould echosenarefullyocomplementheparticularesign fyourproject.

This raditionaldovetailedhest, ith itspatternedfeetand moldedopand bottom,s based n a designmport-

ed o Americarom eastern uropen the 18thCentury.

B CHE,ST

hechests oneof theearliesttypes f urniture, ithalong

utilitarianradition.During heMiddleAges, hestserved s heprimary eceptaclesf household

goods ndvaluables.heywerelsocalled ponoperform ouble utyasa seatinglace, t a imewhenchairs ere uxuryformost eople.

Althoughearlychest esignswereprimitive,medieval rtisansoftenadornedhemwithcarvedarches ndelaboratehivalric ndbattle cenes.uring heRenais-sance ndBaroque eriods,hepiece eganoassumeome ftheelementshatare tillusedoday,ncludingrame-and-panel

joinery,molded opsandbases,ndpatternedracketeet.Overheyears, ttractiveardware asadded,uch sbrasslocks, andles,ndescutcheons.

In ColonialAmerica,hechestwasusually laced t thefootof a bed o store lankets,uilts, nd inens-hencehename lanket hest. oday,hepieces usedo store very-thing rom oysandclothingo books.Many hestsre uiltwith drawersoradditionaltoraqe.



ANATOMYOF A BLANKTTCHE,ST

Batten(pa1e92) --

ToP

1p-tqe8)

Piano hin4e

(paqe 88)

?ix;:i-,=-..--

"t7

/Cheotlock -/ \(pale 1OO)

\i

Eacutaheon(paqe101)

P\__Flap etay

)creweC to tnaof cheel:aiCealid: can be adjuslto suiL wide ra

of l id wetqhLe

cloetn4epeede

fttlly open poeit

co l la r enaps inretdcap to ho

ltd oPen

/

' F lush hand lel n ; n e t t ] t 7 t\ r u l L

t v u t

Baee -----.'

( i ) . , 1E.C)

Dovetailed carcase(pa7e 26)

Bracket. foot.(tttqe 93.) ---\-_____

_,___-,/



BLANKET CHEST

Traditional blanket chestswere often ur-nishedwith oneor moredrawers o store

anythingfrom papersandpens o sewing

needles nd thread. The top and bottom

panels f rhedrawerassembly re mount-

ed n stoppedgrooves n thefront and

backpanelsof the chest,with a divider to

separatehe openingor the drawers.

ENVENTORYFBLANKETHESTARDWARE

Eutt hinge)ta nda d rectangular braoeor eLeelhin4eeet fluah wtthaurfaceof cheaL: in cannotbe removed o hingemuetbe unscrewedo rernoveop

DecorativeesautaheonaA aelectionof fittin4a ineLaltedon the front panelaroundkey-hole o preventdamageby key

Cheat ahainLtnk hainuaedae a lid eLay

ThreadedeacutcheonKey-ehaped fixtu re fitaonugly n elightlyoveretzedkevhol ,proiecti ael ahtlv

fim cf,'eei roni

ReaeesedhandleFeatureareceeefor finTera;handleetopoat 90"

Elanketaheat hinge Colonial hest handlea

TraditionalAmerican)trap-otyle cheethtn4ewith forqed finieh cheet handlea La ge cheot- lifti ng handlea

Handlewith 90" atop

for lrfttnq eavy heeta

for anLtque ppearance;

availablen 9- to 14-inchenqtha

Campai6n ahest cornerCorn'erittinqe ortqinallyueedfor protectronon cheote car'ried on mtlrtarycampaiqne,nowuged o decorate

Marquetry bandinglnlayetrip conaietin4 faeveral eneerg aaembledinto an attractive deaiqn

varioua cheat type6



TOPS

Sincemoldingstripsare as-tened round tsedges ithslidingdovetailsoaccommo-datewoodmovement,hechest opshownat leftdoesnot require attensokeept

flat, though wohavebeenaddedor decorative ffect.The id stayholds he opopenand allows t to close lowlyto avoiddamaginghepiece.

ATTACHINGHE OPWITH PIANOINGE

InstallinghehingeThe inge hou ld eequa lo ors l igh t -lyshorterhan he ength f hechest.Clamphe op o a work urfacesingwood adso protecthestock.Holdhehingen posit ion,l igninghecenter fthepinwith heback dge f he op,and

tracetsoutl ine. ext,nstal l straightbit na router nd et hecutting epthto he hicknessf hehingeeaf.Take

care djustinghedepth;f the abbetstoodeep t wi l lcausehehingeo bindwhenhe id sclosed.)l ignhebitoverthe nside dge f heoutline,hen astenanedge uide utted gainsthe outerbase late. outhe nside dge f herabbet,eepinghebase late ressed

againstheedge uide.Makeepeatuts,adjustingheedge uide achime, nti l

the abbets completed.hen, et heh ingen he abbetndmarkhe oca-tionof hescrew oles.f you re ddingmoldingpage 1)orbattenspage 2) ,dosonow. hen ore i lot oles t hemarks,ut hehinge ack n posit ion(right), nddrivehescrews. et he opon hechest, ith he reehingeeaf laton he opedge f heblankethest's ackpanel. arkhe ocationor hescrews,bore i lot oles,nddriven hescrews.



BLANKETCHEST

ATTACHINGHE ()PWITHBUTT INGES

r) Chiselingut hewaste

L ' l se a ch ise loscorehehinge u t l inend u t t o he

thicknessf hehinge.hen, oldinghe hisel evel p,pare

thewasterom hemortiseabovd. epeatheprocedureoclear

out he emaintngort ises.e arefulocut hemortiseso

deeperhan he hicknessf hehingeeavesopreventinding.

1 Tracinghe ingeutl ines

I Insteadfa piano inge,ou an se

two r hree utthingeso attachhe op o

theblankethest. he ingesremortised

into oth he opandback anel f he

chest .obegin,lamphe opgood-side

down na work urfacendplacehe rst

hingenposit ion ew nchesn rom ne

end, osit ioninghepin ust f f heback

edge f he op.Use penci lo racehe

outline f hehinge left).tAarkheoth-

erhingesn he op n he ame annerposit ioningne earheother nd nd nei n t h o e e n t e r i f n p e p c s : r, , ------ .

2 lnstallinghehinges

.J Set hehingesn heirmort isesn he op, ri l l i lot oles

and crewhem n placeabove).ext, et he opon hechest

markhe ocationor he orrespondinginge ort isesn he

topedge f heback anel,hen hiselhem ut ol lowtnghe

procedureescribednstep , Noway hechest n t sback n

a work urfacend et he opgood-faceown ehindt. Place

awood pacerl ightlyhickerhan he opunderheback f

th eblankethesto ine-uphe ree in geeavesith heirmor-

t ises. ore i lot olesnd crewhehingesnplace.



BLANKETCHEST

HINGEORTISIl{GIGA routersan dealool o cut mor-tises oryour lankethest's ut thinges,utdonot ry o do he ob

freehand. ig ike heone hownat rightwillguaranteeast,accurateresults.ouwillneedoequip ourrouter it ha straight itanda tem-plate uideo makehecuts.

Makehe emplateroma piece

of %-inch lywood ideenougho

supporthe outer. utlinehehingeleaf n he emplate,eing ureocompensateor he emplateuide

and he hicknessf he ence, hichis alsomaderom%-inch lywood.

Cu tout he emplate,henattachthe ence it hcountersunkcrews.

Touse he ig ,securehe opofthechest dge-upna vise.Markthehinge utl ine n heworkpieceandclamphe emplaten position,aligninghecutout ith heoutline

on heedge ndbuttinghe enceagainsthe nnerace f he op.Makethecut below),movinghe routerinsmall lockwiseirclesnti l hebottom f he ecessssmooth,hen

squarehecornersitha chisel.Whenyouareusinghe ig o cutmortisesin he opedge f heblankethest,besureo securehecarcaseo ore-vent t frommoving.



BLANKET CHEST

OLDINGO HE ()P

1 MakinghemoldingI lnstal l moldinpit na routernd

he ool na able. outhemold-ng rom tockhtckerhan he opso

whenhe id sshut hemold ing

overhangheside nd ront anelsThe tock houldlso ewider

nd ongerhan ouneed o hatYouan ipand rosscuthemoldingosize

later.) l ignhe ence i th hebearing

nd eedheboardnto hebit o carve

hedesignnone alf fanedge. ount

featherboardneither ide f hebit

osecurehepiece ur inghe ut . ln

he l lustrat ion,he ront eatherboardhas eenemovedorclari ty.) l ip he

piece ver nd out heother alf, reat-

inga mirror utof he trst right). hen

r ipand rosscuthemoldingo he tze

you eeo.

r' ) Installinghemolding

L You an ecurehemold ingo he

edge i th l idingovetai lsrglue lone.

ln his ase,he id emoldingsre ttached

with toppedl idrngovetatlsoal lowor

cross-grainoodmovement;he ront

mold ing,h ich i l l shr inknd wel l a r -

a l le lo he oppanel ,sa t tachedi th

glue.Make toppedovetailsn heends

of he op ;cutstoppedovetailnortises

in hesidemoldingssee age 27).After ou ave adehedovetai loints,

miterheends f hemoldingt45".Then

placehe opgood-faceponwood hims.

Spread hin ayer fglue n he ast wo

inchesf heslidingovetailnd hedove-

tai l lot,hen l idehemoldingnto osi-

tion.Next,ay ome aperowel n he op

to preventcratchesnd nstall ar lamps

withprotectiveood adso securehe

moldingn placeleft).



BLANKETCHEST

R()UTINGOLDINGN THET()P

' lRoutingheedge

I Instead f at tachingeparatetr

molding,oucan outa decorat ivehin he op tsel f . ecurehe opgood

up on a work ur face r th t sedgejec t ing f f h esur face .ns ta l l p r l

round ing -overi t o r ano ther o ld in

in your outer,henset hecutt ing e

to mold he oppartof heedge. ur

the oolandguide he bi t nto hesto

movinghe oolagainsthe direct io

bi t rotat ion ndkeepinghepi lo tbea

buttedagainst he stock /eft).Once

top ha l fo f heedge s mo lded , i p

workpiecever nd out hebottomcal ledorbyyour esign.

r) AddingattensL Wnen oldingsattachedith l idingdovetai ls,t servesosti ffenhe op, l im-inatingheneedorbattens;oldinghatissimplyoutedn heedge f he opdoesnotofferhisadvantage.n his ase,opreventarpingrom hangingumiditylevels,astenwoor hree attenscrosstheundersrdef he op.Cut he tr ipsfwoodromhesame tock s he op,mak-ing hem boulY, nches ide nd inch-es horterhan hewidth f he op.Forvisualppeal,ound

ne nd feach at-ten n heband aw.Next , e t he opgood-faceown na work urfacendho ld he i rs t a t tenn p lace boutinchesrom ne nd f he op.Drrvehreescrewso astent inplaceright).Io allowthebattenoexpandnd ontract,nlargethe ounterboredolest heends f hewood tripsnto vals;hecentercrewsth eo n l y n e h a t h o u l ded r i ve nntight.) epeatheprocesso mountheother attens.



BASES ND FEET

TIrc tottottr tssurt l tls,.l 't lrc lorr-

kct clrcst on,si-sr-sl 'brackct. lbctt t tot t r t tct lv l r / r scrc tvso a rob-

Itctcd tasc rroldirtgltat srtpprtrts

t lrc cttrcasc.l tc trockct. lcclorc

joitrcdn,i th tt l . f blirtddttvctai ls.

MAKINGRACKETEET

1 Markinshe in oardt -

I The eet f heblankethest remade

f rom wo dent ica l oardsutwi tha dec-

orat ivecro l l at tern nd oined rthhal f -

b l i nd ove ta i l l o i n t s ,akehe o i ne r yu ts

f i rs t , hen aw ut hepat ternsndassem-

b l e hen i eces ones i n .u tb l ankso he

size f he eet , henmark hehal f -bl tnd

doveta i ls .nd icateheoutsrdeace f each

boa r d i t l r n X .T hen d l us t cu t t i ngpar r seo t he h i cknessf thes t ock nd

scr ibe l ineacrosshe ns ideaceof he

p inboa r do m ar k heshou l de rr ne . ex t ,

secu r eheboa r d nd - up n a v i se , e t

t h ec r r l l r n pa r p e o a h o u t n e - t h i r dn e

stock 'sh ickness,ndmark l ineacross

theendc l ose ro tsou t s i deace .U sea

d o v e t a i l s q u a r eo m a r k h ep i n s n h e

endof the board. or he s izeof board

show n , ha l f - p in t each dge nd wo

even l vna .ed i ns n he tween i l lm ake^ ^ f , + r - ^ ^ r i , , ^r r n t .I n d r c a t eh e> L r u i l B d i l u d L L r d L L r v c J L

waste ect ions i thXs, henusea combi -

nat ion quareo extendhe ines own he

ins ideace o heshoulderine /ef f ) . e-

pea them ar ks na l l hep inboa r ds .

93



BLANKETCHEST

r) Cuttinghepins

Z- Secure pinboardna visewioutsideace owardou,hen utdalongheedgesf hepinswitha do

saw,workingromoneedge f hebto heother. or ach ut,al ignhebladeus t o hewaste ide f heculines left).Use mooth,ven troketinuinghe utso he houlderineclampheboard utside-faceownwork urfacend se chisel ndmto pare wayhewaste ood: coreabout% nch eep longhe houldand hen haveffa thin ayer f wwith hechisel eld orizontal lynde l -up . epeatheprocedureocu

remaininginboards.

Q Guttinghe ailsr., l Seta cutt ing augeo he hicknessof hep ins,henmarkhe hou lderineonall he ai lboards.lacehe irst ai lboard utside-faceown n hework ur-face.Ho ld p inboard nd-downi thits nsideace l igned i th heshoulderl ine f he ai lboard, akingertainheedgesf heboardsre lush. utl inehetailswitha pencil,hen se rysquareoextendhe ines nto heend f heboard.Mark l l hewasteectionsithXs. hen

usea dovetailaw o cut helails right).Angl ingheboard,atherhan hesaw,makesoreasierutt ing.hen ecureheboard dge-upn hev ise nd u t hewasteesidehe wooutsideails.Removethewaste etweenhe ailswrth chiselus inghe ameechn iqueescr ibednstep . When ouhave hiseleduthalfthewaste,l ip hepiece nd nishhe ob

from heother ide.Repeatheprocess

tocut heotherai lboards.



BLANKETCHEST

Test-fittinghe oint

M ake templa te i t h hedes i r ed

pat ternor he eetand race heshape

on one aceof eachboard. hen, est - f i t

the half-bl ind ovetai loinl (r ight).

Marka n y p o t sh a tb i n dw i t ha p e n c i l n d

caref l l ypare omewoodaway t each

markunt i l he t i s sat is factory.

CUTTINGHEPATTERN

Usingheband aw

Cut he pat ternn eachof the eet ree-

handon he band aw. o keep he b lade

f romb i nd i ngn heker f t he i gh tpa r t

of the curve,makea ser ies f s t ra ight

re lease uts rom he edgeof the work-

p ieceo the markedine.Then, l ign he

bladeust o thewaste ide f thecut t ing

l ineand eed heworkoiecento heblade

wi thboth ands, ak ing ure e i ther and

is in l inewith he cutt ingedge left).

95



BLANKETCHEST

MAKING HEBASEMOLDING

r) Gluingp hebaseL Sawhemoldingieceso ength,utt ing i ters t bothends f he ront iece nd t one nd f hesrdes.he ronicornersf hebase re ssembledithmiteroints; utt oints

are ufficientor heback. he onnectionshould e einforcedwithwood iscuits,se plateoinerocutslots,hen preadgluen heslots,nsert iscuitsn he ront ndback ieces,

andpresshecornersogetherabove)nd lamphem.

'l Makinghebase ieces

I The our ieceshatmake p hbasemold ingre hapednd abbind iv idua l ly .o rk ingi th tockonthan ou eed,out ne dge f he and ide ieceshe ame ay ouwoshape ornice oldingpage 6).Nuse ourab le awo cu t abbetsnfourpieces.he abbetsre awnnpasses,i th heshouldersrst,ol loby hecheeks.djustheblade eigthe heeksi l lbewide noughosupthe hest i thouteach inghemoldcuts; ositionhe ence oone-thirdf

stockhicknessi l lbecutaway. sefeatherboardso supportheworkpattachhe able-mountedeatherba shim o hemidd lef heworkp ipressedga insthe ence. eed apiece n edge nto he blade left)uthe ra i l ingnd eacheshe ab le .moveo heother ide f he ab lepul l hestock astheblade.

Q Fasteninghe eet o hebaser-,1Workingna flatsurface,ositionhebase n he eethechest, akingure l l heouter dgesre lush. teacorner,oreour ountersunkoleshroughhebase ndthe ootandscrewhe wo ogetherabove).lacehechin he abbetsf hebase iece nd r ive crewsrom nneathhroughhebase nd ntohe hest.



BLANKETCHEST

A VARIATION:GEERACKETEET

MAKINGGEERACKETEET

1 Guttingheogee oveI Ogee racketeetarecreated uch

like he bracketee tshown npage 3,

butwithanS-shapedge e rofleshapedin heir utsideaces. ecausef heir

contouredurfaces,he wohalvesf eachfoot reoined it ha miter-and-splineoint

(page 8), atherhana half-blind ove-

tail.Theogee rofilescut n hree teps

on he able aw nd he outer. egin y

markingheprofilen heendof a piece f

stockong nougho make ll he eet.Set

upyourable aw o make cove ut n

the ace f heboard syouwouldor he

cornicemolding f an armoirepage 9).

Use push locko eed hestock,mak-

ingseveralhallowasseso cuta cove

of heappropriateepth right).Onceyouhavemadehecove ut,use routerit -

tedwitha rounding-overit o shapehe

cornerf heboardo hemarkedine.

It is easiero sand he

contouredurfacesf the

ogee racketeetbeforen-

stalling hemon thebase.

97



BLANKETCHEST

r) Finishingheogee rofile

L me ridee f waste etweenhecovecutand he ounding-overut ssl iced ffby he able aw. osetup hecut,hold

theworkpiecenedge n hesaw ableand djustheblade ngleoalignhecut-t ing dge i th hemarkedine n heboard nd.Butt he ip ence gainsthestock,ock t in place,nd et hebladeherghto slice wayhewaste. se hreefeatherboardsosupportheworkpieceur -ing hecut:Clampwo o he ence ndthirdo he able;his eatherboardhouldbemountedna shim o t willpresslos-er o hemiddle f hestock gainsthefence. eedheworkpieceit hboth ands

(right). nceheboard'srailing nd each-es he able,moveo heother ide f hetable ndoull he tock astheblade.

ASSEMBLINGGEE RACKETEET

1 Makinghebevel utsI Sinceheosee racketeetwil lbeassembledithmiter-and-spl ineoints,ach f heeightoot iecesi l lhave evelsonad jo in ingnds. i rs t , u ta l l hep iecesl igh t lyvers ize .Tocut hebevels,et our aw's lade ngleo45"and ttacha wood x tens iono hemi ter auge. arkhe ength f afoo tp iece nyour tock nd, o ld inghe la tedge f heboard ga instheextensron,l ignhemark i th heb lade.

Before ak inghecut , lamp s top locko heextentoenab leou o ine p he u ts o r he hree therdenpieces. old he latedge f heboard gainstheexteand heendagainstheblock syoumake ach ut (ab

Tobevelheends f he ourmatchingootpieces,oldcontoureddge f hestock gainstheextensionsyoumakehe u ts .



BLANKETCHEST

r) Guttinghespline rooves

1ne groovesor hesp l inesn he

bevelednds f he ootDiecesre ut

on he able aw.nstal l dado ead nd

adjustts hicknesso hatof hespl inesyouwilluse.Set heangle f hehead t

45oand hift he io enceo he eft-hand

side f heblades. oldingne oo tpiece

flat-face-downn hesaw able, utt he

beveledndagainsthecutting dges f

th edado ead ndadjusthe ence nd

blade eight oa %-inchroovei l lbe

located boul%nch rom he bottom f

th epiece. utt he ence gainstheend

of hestock nd ock t in place. eed

eachpiecewith he milergaugeleft),

pressingheendagainsthe encehroughout hecut.

Cuttinghepatternsndgluing p he eet

Once l l hespline roovesre ut,design

thescroll atternsn he lat aces f hepiecesnd ut hem uton heband aw(page 5).Sandhepiecesmooth,hen

cutsplinesromplywoodrsolidwoodofit nto hegrooves.he plineshould e

as ong s hegrooves;akeheirwidth

sl ightlyess han wice hecombined

depth f wogrooves.l f youuse ol id

woodor hespl ines,ut hem o hegrainuns crossheirwidth, atherha nlengthwise.)preaddhesiven hegrooves

an dglueup he ee t right),he nattach

them o the base syouwould tandard

bracketeet(page 6).

99



HARDWARE

A commonfeatureof traditional cam-paign chests, olid brassflush handles

add a touch ofclass o any blanketchest.

The handlesstop at a 90" angle o the

sidesof the chest, roviding a convenient

way to lift thepiece.

INSTATLINGLOCK

1 0utlininghe ock aceplateI Layhechest n ts ront anel ndpositionhe ock ace-downidwaybetweenhesides nd lushwith he opedge f hepanel. raceheoutlineof he aceplaleabove),hen xtendhe ines ntohe opedge f hepanel.

r) Routinghe ockmoftisel mis isone f he are nstanc

whichhe outersusedo make fhand ut.Care nd atiencere eqUse wood hiselo irst uta shamortiseor he aceplateip n heedge f he rontpanel. ext,nstastraightit nyour outer,et hecutdeptho he hicknessf he acepand uta mortisensidehemarkel ine. tart yguidinghe ool na clowise irectiono cut heoutsidedgthemortise;lear ut he emainingby eedinghe oolagainsthedirecof bit otation.sehechiselo souacornersnd areo he ine.Measudistanceetweenheedges f he aplate nd he ock ousingnd ranthemeasuremento hemortise.dthe outer'sutting eptho he hickof hehousingnd ut he nalmo(left).Use hechiselo squareny orTest-fithe ock n hecavity ndusechiselodeepenrwiden ny f hemtises,f necessary.



BLANKETCHEST

Q Cuttinghe eyhole

-J Set he ock n hemort isendmark

the ocationf hekeyhole.ut heopen-

in gasyouwouldoranarmoireock page

B3), r i l l ingne oleor hekey haft ndanotheror hekey i t .Use small le o

loin he woholesnght)

InstallingheescutcheonPosit ionheescutcheonn he ront

panel f hechest , l i gn ingtsopening

overhekeyhole.se str ip f masking

tapeo holdhehardwarenplace h i leyou tarthenai lsn hei r oles. opro-

tect our ngers hen rivingach ai l

f lush, rip henai l haft i th eedle-nopliers/eff).



BLANKETCHEST

f, Mountinghe ockr-f Oncehekeyholescut, ay hecon ts ront anel gain nd et he in tsmortise. arkhescrew olesn

panel,emovehe ock, ndbore iholes. et he ock nplace gain ndten t o hechest, rivinghescrew eflushwith he aceplate/effl.

Front panel

22

Installinghestrike late

Comple tehe ock nsta l la t ionymountinghestr ike lateo he opof

thechest. l ip hescrewshroughheirholesn heplate nd et heplate ntopof he ock. urn hekeyunti l helock ngagesi th hestr ike late,henadda str ip f maskingape o hold heplateirmlynplace. lowlylosehe opof thechest right) ntil ts undersidetoucheshescrews.ore pilothole teachmark eftby hescrewipsandattachhestrike lateo he op.



BLANKETCHEST

INSTALLINGLUSHANDLES

1 0utlininghehandles

I Lay hechest none ide ndPosi-

t iona handle utside-face-downidway

betweenhe ront ndback anelsnd

few ncheselowhe op .Traceheoutline

of he mountingplateight).

/) Mountinghehandles

L lnstall straight it in your outer,

set hecutt ing eptho he hicknessf

themountinglate, nd uta mortisen-

sidehemarkedutl inesyouwouldor

a lock page 00).Next,measurehed s-

tance etweenheedgesf hemounting

plate nd hebowl-shapedousingnd

transferhemeasuremento hemortise.

Adjusthe outer'sutt ing eptho he

thicknessf hehousingnd ut hedeep-

ermortise.est-fithehandlen hecavity

anduse wood hiselopare ny emain-

ingwaste oodrom hemortisesfareft).

Oncehemountinglate ests ushwith

theoutsideace f heside anel, ark

thescrew oles,emovehehandle,nd

bore pi lothole t eachmark. et he

handlen place gain nd astent o hechestneareff).Repeatheprocedureor

theother andle.



INLAYS

Contrrrcrcinlarding is at,nilaltle rr

a varietyoJ'desigrtso conrplenter fi

works rarrgirrgJi"ortt Welsh lresse

to n boardroonrnble.Here, t nddsa

decorntive ortclt o the top ofn blan-ket chest.nlay nurterinls tm be nrctal,

woodverteer,r solid urrdwood.

INSTATTINGNLAY

'l Routinghegroove

I Groovesor nlay recut wi tha routeri t tedwitha straightb i t hesamewidthas he nlay. f youare nstal l inghop-madern lay , e t hecu t t i ng ep th l i gh t l y ha l lowerhan he h ick -ness f the s t r ips ; he n layw i l l be sandedlush s fep ) .For ommerc ia land ing , h ich svery h in ,make hecu t t i ngdep th qua lo he n layh icknesso m in im izeand ing .u | inethegrooven he opw i tha penc i l ;t shou ld eequ id is tan tf rom heedges . ou t he our ides f hegroovend iv idua l l y ,gurdinghe oo lwithan L-shapeddge uide ndstopblocks.Tose tup hegu ides , l i gn heb i tw i th hecu t t i ngine ,mea-

sure hedistance etweenhe router ase late nd heedo f the op ,andcu t heedge u ide nds topb lockso thaw id th .Sc rew fence o eachp iece o t canbe pos i t i on

squareo h eedges f he op .For ach u t ,c lamp hegua longheedge ouwi l lbecu t t i ng nd as ten s topb lockeach nd .Ho ld rnghe rou te r ' s ase la te ga ins th e edgu ide n done top lock ,u rnon he oo landp lungehernto he stock. eed he bit (above) nt i l he base late otacts heother topblock,Once l l he cutsaremade, qut hecorners i tha ch ise



BLANKETCHEST

r) Settinghe nlayn hegroove

Cut he nlay o lengtho f t in he

groove,sing our able aw orshop-

madenlay, rawood htselorcommer-

cialbanding.or he ectangularrooveshown, ake 5" miter uts t heends

of he nlay ieces. utand est- ft one

piece t a t ime, hen pread itt le lue

on heundersidef he nlay nd nsertt

in heslot right),tappinghestripgently

with wooden al let. ommercialand-

ing houldeheld nplace ithmasking

tape nti lheadhesiveures.

Trimminghe nlay

Onceheglue as ried,andhe oP

to removeny xcessdhesivendbring

the nlay erfectlyushwith hesurface

of hewood. or hop-madenlay, se

be l t andert tedwi tha 120-gr i te l t .

Movehesanderorwardlong ne nlaypieceeft)andpull hesanderack he n

you eachheendof hestrip, verlappin

the irstpass yone-halfhewidth f he

belt. ontinuenti l he urfacesf he n-

lay nd he opare lush,henmove n o

theother trips. epeatheprocessitha

finer el t 150- r 18O-grit)o smoothhe

inlay nd hesurroundingurface.and

commercialandingyhand i th sand-

ingblock. e areful:ome odernand-

ing s esshan%onchhick.

l r ) l

105



HIGHBOY

quered abinetsmportedor theEndishnobilitv.Becausef ts size,

the"highboy-or high chestof

hehighboy riginatedn 17thI CenturyEurope ndwasn-

spired ythe ornateChineseac-

drawers-was onstructedn twosections: owerchesthat suP-porteda allerchestwith four ormore iers.The oP evelwas re-quentlydividednto threesmallerdrawersetsideby side.

fu theQueenAnnetyle volvedinto hemoreornilmentalndclas-

Themodemeproductionhownin thephotographnpage 06 is-playsmanytt'aditionallementsfthe18thCenturydesign:hegrace-frrlcabrioleegs,he scrolled edi-

mentor crownmolding,he lame-and-urninials,he lutedquarter

columns,ndheshell arving ndappliedmolding dorninghescal-loped pron n he ower hest.

This hapterwill howyou owtodesignndconstructhisclassicpiece f urniture,rombuildingtheiece f urniture,rombuildingtheupperchest page 10)o sawingandshaoinshecabrioleess Dase

sicalChippendaleryleduring he andshapinghecabrioleegspage112) ndthen ssemblinshe ow-futt.tp*ilf thersth Centu{ the To reventustromenteringtheabinet, 112) nd,thenassgmblinqhe ow-

tifihb"y found avorwith afflu- speciilframesreinstallednderneathhebot- er chestpage.116).ttentionsalso

.n?ro.i.ty in colonial itiesike nmdranerinthelowerchat.Thedustshield evotedo the inerdetails,ikeItritaaapiria, Boston,andNew isabasicrame-and-panelonstruction installingockbgl{ing roundhe

York.Towaing7 or8 eethigh, he scrsuedo the arcaseides. drawerspage 18),.outingrown

i.foringhigliboy*miaeaiyiuit- molding(page124), arving he

.a'to in€.t."g.nt, ofty ceilihgs f themanorhousesf the frnals2ag.el30),nd hapinghequartel.glp": (pagej4)t

time,andtsiumerousdraweiswere heperfect olutionor The-foiiowingwopagejllustratehehtghboy't pperand

rt"riititft.rttiJes neededor entertaining'.ighboysbecame ower hests.hemajor{eatryegf thepiece re dentified;

theha"llmark f fashionableiving rooirs aid ttreirprices refer othepagesndicatedofindout how o make ndnstall

rose ramatically.he rendhascontinued nabated.oday, each lement.

tft. ftigiib"yrpr6duced y he enownedhiladelphiaabi- -..Buildinghighboysa challenging.task,utwithcare nd

netm;kers fthe 1700s.. rrnong hemostsought-after diligenceyoucangleateapieceoffurniturewiththeg

piecesfantiqueurniture. timelessppealf ts200-year-oldncestors.

Thehighboyt eftexempffiesheharmonybetweentraightlinesndluidcurvesypi-calofQueennne-styleurniture.



UPPER HEST

ANATOMYOFA HIGHBOY

Crown molding

i lr : i r l . l , - / i j \

\

Roeette

// i l ) . ,1q.-2a')

/op rail(Y::.t;,1f̂i;t'1

aaa.., \

\

/'



HIGT{BOY

\ /

t /Bottom.rail

It,|3q.o t

I

IKnee block(Fqe 117. )

(

t\

Cabriole leq

1; ta4e 12)

LOWER HEST

Cockbeading(.pa4e 18)

thell carvinq(.paae137'1

I 0 9



ASSE,MBLINGHE,UPPE,RHE,ST

lic highbol,'s ppcrchc'st as u'crmajor onrponcnts:argc arcase

ancl n claborateirce ranre hat i ts

1,ithi1 t. As shorvn .,.1sl1r,l.te arcase

cor.rsistsf ir op ancl ottour,l'o siclepanels, ncl u'cl ack ancls cparatecl

br.astile-ol mr-rntilt.l'he

carcascor -luers re oincdn'ith hroLrghlovctail

ioints prrgc6J, nclhebacli.arressitin rabbetsr.rtror.rnclhe nside clgcs

of thecarcasencl .r.runtir.rprrgc1 .Thc

n.r-rntir.rsattacheclo the opandbot-tonrofthe carcase'i thnrortise-and-

teuonoints.

Thc raccl'rrnrc,horvnrrce-Lrpelorvauclacc-clou'nn page I 1, sbuilt ronr

a op rail, n'oL-shapccli'ontposts, ncl

C()NSTRUCTIONETAIL(FACE-UPIEW)

li,,-:ck,--....-_ r

cena i

r clrau,crl'anrebr cach icr of cil'arvcrs.T l le op r t i l s l t r t l ' . ' t lr ' . t66 . '1 t111. '

crorvnmolclingprrgc 24)nd rosettes(ptrgc 28), oth of 1'hicharcaclclel

latc'r . heback ace f the op rai l sqrooveclo accepthecarcaseop ,anclhas enon ut n each nd o flt n r.nor-

tisesn he u,o r-ont osts. hcLshapeol'the l'ontposts reateshespaccbr

thequarter-colunrnsprrge,34).he

firnt posts it n notchesLLtn thecar-

caseopaucl ottout.Thedrrrrver'supportingl'trnresrrc

assenrbledrom ai ls ncl t i lesoined

n'ithmortisr'-ancl-tenonsprryc16franrehasan rrclcleclovetailed(pagc 22). iranchorhe rames

cArcase,n'obracesrrc cren'eclo h

of cach neanclo thesiclc aneldrau'erl'aurcs rcnotchcd t hc to accou'uloclatehe ront postscrcrveclo henr.'l'heppernroser ranrc llpportshlecsmall rait f'eaturesu'ocliviclersncl hree er slicles.nce he rrcer-ameas

bLri l t ,t issimpl,vl ippednto hectrse.sccc/orr')uclhe scrervc'sicle fthecarcrscliroLrghhebra

'.. Faca

rrame

lll : ) f ! n --"------

--,--'

' -Carcaea



Toppancl

)

/

Stde

Panet

{I

l i l

I{

DcvetatleC

drawcr oltdc

HIGHBOY

FACERAME(FACE-DOWNIEW)

Dtvider /

t lratt 't 'rs lnt l it irt to lltc lt lrr c/ ic-sl-sl ' t l rc lr ighboy

s.rc11'( ' r lo t ltc sidt '' s; t o ' ' t r:d t rttrr '-s i i t t ' t raw c r b ott o ts t to c

s/lrfu'-sroiIt 'd o tItt '. l ) 'orrr t ' .

I t r t l

a' i

Drawer -,'frame

\

\ , , . , , , ,{.)r,)t::l

-



CABRIOLE EGS

SAWING)UT HEEGS

Foat block

A distinctiveeatureof Queen nnestyle, he tapering, uryedcabrioleeghas ongbeen onsideredchallenge

for cabinetmakers.ut itsgracefulinescanbecuteasily n theband awandsmoothed ith hand ools.

1 Designinghe egI Make templaterom piece f %-inchlywoodr hardboardut o hesamlength ndwidth syouregblanks.he esignhown bovet opwil lyieldattractive,table,ndwell-proportionedeg, utyou analterhepatterno syour rojectrcopyhedesign f anexistingeg hatappealsoyou.Begin rawthe egbyoutl ininghepost lock. akets ength qualo hewidth f he orail ha twillbeattachedo t,plusheheight f he ower hest'side anels.width f hepost lock hould eadequateo accepthe ail enon. ater,t wilnotchedpage 16)o accepthequarterolumnsf he owerhest. ext, kethepad nd he oe, hen he ront f he eg romhe oe o heankle sing frecurve; t tsnarrowestoint,hediameterf heankle hould eaboutwo-fifthestock idth.Move n o heknee, ketchinggentleurverom hepost loto he ront dge f he emplatebout to 3 inches elowheblock. henoin

kneeo heankle itha relativelytraightine.Completeheoutline t hebackthe eg, rom heankleo thebottom f hepostblock above).xperimentntilyhave satisfactoryesign.



HIGHBOY

) Transferringhedesign

egblanks

Cutout ourempla tena band aw,

hen andheedgeso hemarkedut-

l ine .Hold he empla tela tonone fthe nsideaces f he eg lank, aking

surehat heends f he emplatend

theb lank re l ignednd hat heback

of heoost locks ushwith he nside

edge f heblank. race longheedges

of he empla teoout l inehe eg. urn

theblank ver nd epeatheprocedure

on heothernsideace ight).At hispoint, ome oodworkersrefero prepare

the egs nd arlsor he oinery efore

cutt inghe eg. l t seasieroclamp nd

cuta mort isena rectangularegblank,forexample,han o carry ut hesameproceduresna legwi thpronounced

curves.)ther oodworkersut he eg

first nd hen o he oinery.

Cuttingne ace

Set he eeblank n heband aw

table ith ne f hemarkedutlinesac-

ingupand hebottomf he egpointing

awayrom ou. l igninghesaw ladejust o hewasteide f hemarkedine

fo r heback f he eg, eedhestocknt o

th eblade. urn ff hesaw bout alfway

throughhecutand emoveheworkpieceThen uta longhe ameine rom he

oppositend. oavordetachinghewastepiecero mheblank nd osinghemarked

outl inen headjacentace, tophe ut

about%nch rom he irstkerf, eaving

short ridge etweenhe wocuts.Retract

theworkpiece,hen utalonghe ine or

the rontof he eg left), gaineaving

bridgeso preventhewaste oodrom

fal l ing way.

1 1 3



HIGHBOY

Completinghe uts nd

severinghebridgesTurn verheblank o hat hemarkedout l inen tsad jacentides ac ing p.Cut longhemarkedines, eg inn ingwith hose longhe ront f he eg,hentheback above).hi s ime, ompletehecuts, ett inghewasteal laway. henro ta teheb lank nd u t hroughhebridgesef tduringour irstcuts right).

SHAPINGHE EGS

1 Forminghepad

I Use compassooutl inehecircularpad n hebottom f he eg. hen ecurethe eg na vise, i th hebottomnd ac-ingup,anduse backsawo cutawaythebu lk f hewasteur round ingheoutl ine. akewo eriesfcuts, tart ingwith our uts traightnto heend f heleg t hecorners ,hen awingroundtheendof he eg o severhecorners.

Next, ecurehe eg na bar lamp,ockthe lampna v ise , nduse pat te rn-maker'saspo roundhecornersf hepad . o n t i n u en t i l t h e ad sc i r cu l a r(r ight),otatinghe eg n heclamp snecessary.se file o smoothhepad.



HIGHBOY

r) Shapinghe oot

Z- Repositionheclampn he ise o

th e oot s i l ted own. oldinghepat-

ternmaker'sasp t anangle f approx-

imately5" o he eg, egin yshaping

thecontourrom hebottom phbove).

Rotatehe eg n heclamp sneces-

sary o hatyou anshapehe ootal ltheway round. moothhesurface

using double-cutla tbastardile, hen

f n ishhe obwi th andpaper ,s ingprogressivelyner-gritapers.

Shapingnd moothinghe nee

To nish hapinghecabrioleeg nd

to removenyblemishesef tby heband

saw lade,moothhesurfacef heknee

witha spokeshave,ol lowingitha raspand andpaper.oldinghespokeshav

withboth ands t hebottom fa curved

edge f he eg, ushhe ool lowly way

from ou, utting hinshavingleft).Make

a series f overlappingasses,orking

with hegrain nti l hesurfacessmooth

Turnhe eg n hebar lampo clean p

th eother dges. se he asp o smooth

an areahat hespokeshaveannoteach

Completehe obwith andpaper.

1 1 5



ASSEMBLINGHELOWERCHEST

nce hecabrioleess re omplet-ed and he cavitie-'sor tl-re luar-

tc r co lL r r t t r tsl re ou ted n l l repostblocks,he ou,er hest trn eglued p.

Thechestsholvn in thephoto u page107-is made p of four egs,rvo idepanels,rvoback anels,ottom ailsatthe front and back, 'Lndu,odrau,er

/ . ' */

,/Duet --'/ /'frame /

/I

DotLom ratl

fFrace /

/

I/

Drane'--- / /

raa rle

/'-t'

--}

/'

.'t IDoveLailed ---' /Crawer al tde

/

Diviaer-/

tsackpanel

9idepanel

QuarLer

theside anels.he egs regroovacceptl-re ntire hicknessf thebpanels nd abbetsn theside aThe ees lso batureortiseshat

nith tenor.rsut n thebottonr ailr,ith l-re pper hest,heback aneseparatedv a nr.urtin.Once he ochestsglued p,knee locks reioned ndattachedo he egspngc

Cockbeadingrroundhedralerstheshell arvirlg ndappliedmolon thebottont ail areaddeclatecompletehechest,hequarter olnare nmedand nstalledn the egnoesand, inall1,, molded l'ametachedo he opecleef heches

f}ame vill conceirlheseantvheupper hestsset n place.

Cabr

leq

-/

\ nee

PlOCK

frames. hebottomdrau,er}ante on-tains ustpanelsnd sdividedntosec-tions or three rau,ers.ike hedralerfiiulesof heupper hest,he op rante

featuresdovetailedralver lide.Thethree mail owerdr;ru,elslide vell vith-out theaid of a s1ide.)he iarres rrescrervedo braceshat rre ttachedo

MunL

(

\

\

' , , /

21

ao lumn



HIGHBOY

MAKINGNDM()UNTINGNEEL()CKS'l Oesigninghe nee locks

I The nee locks,hichoin he urves

of heegs ndbottomails, re esigned

an d utmuchike he eg shemselves.or

a emplate,lace precef stiff ardboard

in hecorneretweenhe eg nd djoin-

ing ai l nd raw contourine hat on-

nectshe wopieces.he ameemplate

canbeusedoral l heknee locks.rans-

fer he ine o a wood lankhat sas

thick s he eg, l ightly ider nd arger

than heareat must l l .Placeheblank

againsthe ai l nd eg o tsoutstdeace

is lushwith heouter ar t f he eg nd

draw secondine n heblank singhe

le gasa guide right). hegrain f the

block houldeparal lelo hat f he eg.

Sa w ut heblock n heband aw svoudid he egs page 13).

r) Mountinghe nee locksL Once ll heknee locksave een

cutand moothed,luehem pone t

a ime. pply hin ayer fadhesiveo

thecontactingurfaces,henhold he

piecesnplace ith clamp. se oodpadso protecthestock nddirect

clampingressureyshapinghem o

f t f ushagainsthe egs left).Driue

screwhroughheknee lock nd nto

the eg oraddedeinforcement.



COCKBEADING

Cockbeadings a roundedmoldingthat extends

beyond hefront of the highboyand framesthe drawer openings. t is set nto rabbetscut

along the nside edges f the openings.n addi-

tion to providing decoration,cockbeadingprotectsthe edgesof veneereddrawer fronts.

MAKINGND NSTALLINGOCKBEADING

1 PreparinghedrawerpeningsI Use routerittedwitha %-inchilot-ed abbetingit ocut he abbetsroundthedrawerpenings.et hedepth fcutat%inch,hen ttach squareiece f %-inch lear crylico he ool's ase late(inset). akehi sauxiliaryub-baseargeenougho keephe ool latand table

duringheoperation.et he hest n tsback na work urface.tart ingt hecorner f one rawerpening,est heroutern hechest ith hebi t us t learof heworkpiece.ri phe ool irmlywithboth andsnd urn t on, uidinghebitinto hewood. ncehepilotbearingbutts gainsthestock,eed he outertowardheadjacentorner,eepinghesub-basela l (right). ontinueroundtheopeningntil ou each our tartingpoint. ut abbetsroundheother raw-

eropeningshesame ay,hen quarethe ornersith chisel.



HIGHBOY

) Makinghe ockbeading

trttaienoughockbeadingrom -

inchlhicktocko it nal l he abbetsut

instep .The ockbeadingsbest haped

using oldinguttersn he able aw.Donotuse arrowtock;nstead,utpieces

hatare t east inches ide nd hen

rip he ockbeadingrom hem.)nstal ln

auxi l iaryoodence nd t hemolding

head ith uttersnyourable aw. aise

theheadnto hewoodenceonotcht.

Use featherboardo securehework-

piece;crewt to a shim o ha tpressure

wi l lbeappl iedga insthemidd lef he

workpiece.ake few estpassesith

scrao tockoset hewidth f cut.For he

firstpass,enterheboard dge ver cut-ter, he nbutt he ence gainsthe ace

of hestock. oldheboardlush gainst

the ence nd he able s ou eedt nto

thecuttersright). xperimentithdiffer-

ent u t t ing id ths nt i l heedge f he

stocksproperlyounded,hen hapeot h

edges f eachworkpiece.nce l lyour

stock as eenmil led,nstal l r ipblade

on he aw nd ut he ockbeadingrom

theboards,akingt wide noughopro-

trude y inch romhedrawerpenings

when luednto he abbets.

Q Mountinghe ockbeading

.J Cut he ockbeadingo ength, i ter-

ing heends ith he able aw ra back-

saw ndmiter ox.t iseasiestocutand

f t one iece ta ime,makingure ou

alignhemiterednds ith hecornersf

the abbets.pread l i t t le lue n he

contactingurfacesnd nsert ne trip t

a ime, ecuringhepiecesn place tth

springlamps t6-inchntervals/ef f , ) .



DRAWERS

MAKINGHEDRAWERS

Thehighboy's rawers xemplify lassic

cabinetmakingechniques.hecorners rejoinedwith through ovetailsnd heendgrain of the ail boardss thenhiddenwith afalse ront.A dovetailedunnerattachedo thebottomglidesalonga

mating lideastenedo the rame.

1 Cuttinghedovetailoints

I Sizehedrawerartso it theopeningsn hechestsrouthedovetails,uttinghepinsn he ront ndback ieand he ai lsn hesides. setofcommercialemplatetheone hownn hispage akeshe obsimplend nsaccurateesults.ttachhepinand ai l emplateso bacboardsol lowinghemanufacturer 'snstructions.ecureof hedrawerides nd-upna vise. lamphebackupoto he tock, akingurehere re alttai ls teithernd;templatendbackupoardhould e lush gainsthewopiece. rotectinghestock itha wood ad ,

ut ta stop loagainsthedraweride nd lampt to hesupportoarhe lp ou l ign ubsequentu ts . ns ta l lhedoveta i li tatemplateuide uppliedith he igand ut he ai ls,eedthe ool nand utof he emplatelotsabove).ut he eming a i lshesame ay. hen se ne f hecomple teboardso outl inehepins none rawerront r back.curehepinboardn hevise nd lamphepin emplatthestock, l ign inghe ig ingers i th hemarkedu i l iIns ta l lhe t ra igh ti tsupp l iedi th he igand out utwaste etweenhepins left).Repeatt heother ndandthe emainingronts ndbacks.



HIGHBOY

) Preparinghedrawers

bottomanels

Dry-ft theparts f each rawernd lamp

heuni t , l i gn inghebars f he lamps

with he ront nd ack ieces;ememberto protecthestock it hwood ads. hen

rout grooveor hebottom anel long

the nsidef hedrawer.i ta router i th

a hree-winglott ingutter ndmounthe

tool n a able. dlusthecutting eighto

leavehe hicknessf hedrawerunners

youwil lmakenstep belowhegroove.

Set hedraweright-sidepon he able

and, tart ingt hemiddle fone rawer

side,eed hestocknto hecutter. eep-

ing hep i lo t ear ingut ted ga insthe

worko iece,eed hedrawerlockwise(right). ontinueivotinghedrawern he

table ntil ou eturnoyour tartingoint.

Q Makinghedrawerunnersnd lides

rJ Mountinghedrawersn hehighboy

requireswoaddrt ionalomponentsor

each rawer: runner i tha dovetai led

grooven hedrawerottom nda match-

ing l ideor he rame. reparehe unner

f rst; t should eas ong s hedrawer

sides nd hesamehicknesss hegap

betweenhebottom anel nd hebottom

edge f hedrawer.ocut hegrooven he

runner,nstal ldovetai li t na routernd

mounthe ool na able. et he utt ing

depth tone-halfhe unner'shickness

Adjusthe enceocenterhegrooven

th e unner ndmakewopasseso rout t,

using push locko eed hestock /eff)

Makehematchtngl ide n h e able aw,

usingtock ne-halfs hick s he unner

Adjusthebladeo he ame ngle s he

sides f hegroove,he nmakewopasse

tocut he l ide, osi t ioninghe ip ence

on he eft-handide f hebladeo he

cuttingdg esangledwayrom he ence

Feedhestock sing push tick insef).

r2r



HIGHBOY

Gluingp hedrawersFor he bottompanelof eachdrawer, ut a pieceof %-

inchp lywoodo f i t t h eopen ing , dd ing hedep th f thegrooveso i ts ength ndwidth.Dry-f i t ndclamp hedraweragain, osi t ionhe unner crosshe bottom anel, ndmarkthe s ides f the runner ' s ove ta i l edroove n he d rawerback.Disassemblehedrawer ndusea chiselo extendhe

RInstal l inghedrawer l ides

r- ,1Once he adhesive asdr ied. l io

each rawer l i de n to ts unner n he

drawer ottom nd nstal l he drawernth e h ighboy . a rk he oca t ion f t he

sl ide n he rontandback f thedrawerframe,hen emovehedrawer. emove

t hes l ide ndcen te rt on he rame e-

tweenhea l ignment a rks . pp ly th in

layer f g lueon he contact ingurfaces

and ecurehes l ide n p lace i th lamps(right).Once heclamps av ebeen ight-

ened , c rewhes l ide o the ron t nd

back f he rame.

doveta i ledroovehroughhedrawerack.f youwishoinstall rawertopspage 23),preparehemnow. hen luup hedrawers ou id hechests,ddingome dhesivattachhe unnerso hedrawerottoms.otchedlamppads i l lensurehatpressureson ly pp l iedo he a i lboardsabove).



HIGHBOY

Ill1lt llllll lll lll llllll jll llllll lll llllltllllll lltll5HO?TI?Adjuotable \\drawerotop ITokeep drawerfrom beinq ulledriqhN ut, allach aoimVle No ?o trheframe.Defore luingupthe drawer,ul a \-inch-

aquarenot'chn he mid'dlbof the tu p edgeof the

Installinghe alseronts

Attach falseront oeach rawer

toconcealheendgrain f hedrawersides. et hedrawerace ponawork

surfacenddrivewobradsnto he

drawerront ,eavingheir eads ro-

truding. ake urehebrads renot

locatedherehedrawerullwillbe

instal led,hen nip ff heheadsnd

reinstallhedrawer.ut he alseront

to he ight ize,hen arefulyosit ion

it overhe drawerront above). nce

you re atisf iedith heplacement,

pressrmly;hepointednds f he

brads i l lpunchmpressionsnto heback f he alseront.Removehedraw-

eran d luehe alserontnplace,lign-

ing he mpressionsith hebrads.drawer ack.1aw he IoPfrom ecrap,makinqN onqer nd narrower han nch.Mount 'he

etropNo he boVt'om f Nhe rameor 7anelunderwhichNhe rawer

wl l 'el ide. ine Nupwibh he not'chn 'hedrawer ack.)crewNhe

otop n place,leavinqNhefaotenerooee nou7h o 'heeloVcanbe

rotafed,When ou nstall he drawer,urn Nheto? 60 haL Nheong

ed,aee parallelio he drawer ides.Once'heoI'op'?ao6eehrou7h

r,hE olch,NurnN90" eo t'e onqedge o ?arallelo Nhe ack'



CRO\ArI\TOLDINGS

Thecrown molding-or pediment-on each ideof the highboyfront is actuallybuilt upfront fourseparate ieces f wood. Thebrokenswan-neckfacemolding hat curves pwardsfrom thefront cor-ner to the rosette s ntadefrom two piecesof molding glued together.With the hetpof a templatecuton the band sow, he moldingpieces re shaped n apin router(page125).Themoldingson bothsides fthe highboy, alled he returns,also consist ftwo pieces lued ogether. heyare nstalledwith dovetailed lides hatfi t into matchinggroovesn the upperchest page 127).

ACOTTECTIONFCROWN ()TDINGTYLES

Triangularpediment Latticed brokenpediment

Erokenpediment 5arolled brokenpediment



HIGHBOY

()LDINGS

' lShapinghe irstpiece fmolding

I Fora temolate.race hecontours

f he uppe r a i lon to p i ece f %- inch

plywood.dda cut t ing ine o represent

e bottom dge f the rs tpiece f mold-

ing(inset),hensaw he emplaten two

longhe ine nddiscardhebot tom al f

Out l inehe emplaten hestock ouwi l l

use or hemolding ndcut t to size.Next,

screwhemolding lank top he emplate,

making ure he astenersi l l bec lear f

the outer i t . nsta l l p i lo ted anel - ra is-

ingbi tandmounthe outern a pin out -

ingat tachment .o l lowhemanufacturer 's

direct ionsorsett inghedepth f cut, hen

placehestar ter in n the ableon he

infeed ide f he bit .Asyou eed hemold-

ingblanknto he b i t ,bracehe emplate

againsthe pin (right), eepinghe mold-

ingblank gainsthe bi t 'sp i lo tbear ing.

Make ight uts , s ing smany assess

necessaryo reach our inaldepth.Repeat

th e process ith he emplateeversedo

shapehemold ingor heother ide f he

chest ront . hen hapehestdemold ings

using hesame etup nda st ra ightem-

plate f thesame hickness.

r ) Shapinghesecondiece fmold ing

L m" piece f mold inghat sgluedo

the rstone o bui ldup he acemold ing

is shaped y he sameprocess sed n

step . Unscrewhe irstp iece rom he

template,hendraw cut t ingine or hesecond i ece , f f se t t i nghe ineby he

width f he rsto iece lus% nch.Band

sawalong he mark left).Cul and shape

thesecond i ece f mo ld ing syoud id

the rst :Cut t to width, t tachhepiece

to he em p l a t e ,ndshapet on hep i n

rou t i ng t t achment - th i sime,us i ng

round-overi t .Oncehemold ing as een

shaped,nscrewt from he emplatend

saw t o na lw id th .

t25



HIGHBOY

QPreparinghe acemoldings

r-,f for nstallation

Glue heparts f the acemoldingog

andhold hem ecurelyi thclamps

the adhesiveas ured, ac hpiece fmolding ustbecut at oneend o m

thesidemolding ndat theother n

f t aroundhe rosette. or he sidem

ing-end,etupyour able aw ora cpound utbyangl inghebladeo 45

the mitergaugeo the angle orme

tween he straight dge f the mold

a n d h es ideo f the carcase hen h

mo ld ingshe ld n p lace . lamph e

mold ingo themi te r auge , ro tec

thestockwitha wood ad.Since he

of themoldingsstraight nd he bois curved,ouwi l l haveo feed hes

withwhatwould ormal lye he rai

end rs t .Ho ld hegauge n dmold

securely,ndpush he stock nto he c

keep ing ourhands e l lc lea r f th

blade left).Then bandsaw he wa(marked i thXs) .

INSTALIINGHECR()WN ()TDING

1 Installinghe acemoldingI Once l l hemold ingsave eenshapednd ut o ength,nstal lhequar-te rcolumnspage 34).Then lamphesidemold ingn p lace s ing ro tect ivewood ads. ext, ounthe acemoldingto he a i l syou id he a lseronts fthedrawerspage 23), sing radsoalignheslock right). hemiteredndofthe acemoldinghouldes tlush gainstt h e n d f h e i d em o l d i n g .l u e nd

c lamphe acemold ingo he a i l .



HIGHBOY

r) Preparingheupper hest

tor he idemolding

The idemoldingsattachedo hechest

wi th s l id ingoveta i lo in t o a l lowhe

carcaseo exoandnd ontractecauseofchangesn humid i tyi thout reaktng

themiteredoints n he ront orners,he

dovetai ledroovescut n hechest ide

witha router.nstal l dovetai li t , hen

attach commercialdge uideo he

tool's ase late nd crew wood xten-

sion o heguideenceo increasets

bearingurface.et hechest n tsside

andplacehe outer n op.Adjusthe

edge uide o hat hegrooveillbecut

lustbelowhecorneroint.With hebit

clear f hechest, tart t heback ndfeed hecutt ing dgesnto heside an-

el,pul l ingheedge uide xtensionlush

againsthe oppanel. ontinueowardhe

frontof hechest right), toppinghecut

a ittle asthehalfwayoint.

Q Installinghe idemolding

r-,1Toproducesl ideo matchhegrooven hechest,eavehedovetailit

in he outer, ounthe ool n a able,

and hapehesl iden wopasseslongtheedge fa board.hen ip hesl ide

from heboard. ositionhesidemolding

againsthechest ndmarkhesides f

thegrooven heback f hemolding.

Securehemoldingace-downna vise

and crewhesl ideo heback insei l ,

aligningt betweenhemarks. preadlu e

on hemiterednd f hemoldingnd n

the irst inchesf tsbackace,hen

slidet in placeleft)andlamp ecurely.

r27



ROSETTES

Turninghe osettes

Cut he osett e lankso f i t on heendof he acemoldings.t-

tacha blank o thecenter f a lathe aceplate,henmount hep la te n hemach ine . d jus the oo l es t o he op ac e f

thescraperyoui l luse s evel i th hecenterofheblank. he

rest hould eascloseo thewood spossible i thoutouching

rt .Switch n he athe.Holdinghe ip of a round-endcraper

Rosettesre an onnnterttalfeatw'ecotl1tltot1o rttartyftu'ninre styles.

Theycttrr nke rtany lnpesarrdbe

produced n variottswttys.The con

centriccircles .f he rosette t lefth lere r tnt(dorrn lot l re, rcnt i r rg

pattem thnt flowsseanilesslyf'orrt the

graceftl cLn'ves.f hecrown nnLlirg.

againsthe blank, ound ver he rosette 'suts ide dge,

thencut the concentr icings n i ts ace above). old h

scraper lade n he ool est o keep t steady. uton he

hand ideof heblank o preventhescraperromkicking

0nce he r ingshave een arved,emovehe ool estan

smoothhe aceof the blankwith ne-gr i t andpaperins

MAKINGHER()SETTES



HIGHBOY

M(lUNTINGHEROSETTES

r) Gluing p he osettes

Z. Positionach osetten urnon hechesi o hat tswood rain uns n he

same irections he acemolding.his

willcreatehe mpressionha t he woparts re ne ontinuousiece. arkhe

rosetteheret toucheshemolding,hen

applyome lueo hecontactingurfaces

ofboth ieces. se ne lampo securethe osetten place ndasecondright)

to keept from lidingorwardr back-

ward. rotecthestock ithwood ads.

1Preparinghe acemoldings

I for he osettes

Once oth osettesave eenurned, se

a gougeo shapehe oundednd f hemoldingso hat hecontactingurfacesfi t snuglyogether.et heupper hest

face-upna work urfacendhold hegouge pright syoupare way ood

from hemoldingleft) ntil t f ts ush

againsthe osette.



FINIALS

Traditionally sed o decoratehecor-nersoffurniture, iniak takea varietyof orms, nclu ingJlam and urn,acorn, ineapple,ndplume.The

finial abovencorporateswoshapes,a lame-and-urn n a lutedpommel

base. hisexamplesproducedfromthebottomup: First, he lutesof the

pommel regrooved n a router able(right),and hen heflameandurnare urnedon a lathe page3l). Final-Iy, he inished hape f the lamescarved yhand page 33).

SHAPINGHEPOMMEL

Cuttinghe lutesMake blankoreachinialthatssl ightlyargerhanhe inishedimensionthe opandbottom f hepommeln heblank nduseXs o ndicatehewasectionelowhepommel.sehedado eadna able awo reduceheblanthicknessetweenhe womarks. et hecutting epth t % nch. eedhebwith hemiter auge,utt ing wayhewaste i th verlappingassesneach(inseil. he lutes re utwitha core oxbit n a table-mountedouter. et heting epth I%inch. l ignhepommelverhebit or he irst et foutsideluand ock he ence gainstheblank. oensurehatal l he lutes i l lbe heslength,lamp stop locko he ence teach nd f heblank. urn n he oand owerheblank ntohebitwith ts rai l ingnd gainsthestop lock lotoyouand tsedge gainsthe ence. eedheblank ntil t contactsheotherblock. i f t heblank,hen otatet and epeatheprocessnti l ne etof outsflutess inished.eposit ionhe ence nceo rout hemiddlelutes nd gathesecondetof outsidelules bovd.



HIGHBOY

TURNINGHE LAME.AND.URN

1 Turninghe ylinderI Cutoff most f hewasteectione-

low hepommel,eavingcouple f nches

fora roundenon.Mountheblank na

lathe ndadjusthe ool est scloseo

theworkpiecespossibleithoutouching

it. Use roughing-outougeo roundhe

cornersf heblank bovehepommel.

Turn n he athe ndhold he io of hegouge gainsthe otatinglank. egin

wi th he ipof hegougei l ted p, hengradual lyaisehehandle nti l hebev-

e l underhe ip s ubb inggainsthe

stock nd hecutt ing dgessl icingnto

i t .Workrom he ight-handndof he

blankowardhepommel,eavingsquare

shoulderbovehepommelright). eep

the oolat hesame ngleo hework-piecehroughouthecut.Continuenti l

theblankscyl indricalnd mooth.

r) Shapinghe lame

L L"uu"the lankotating hile oumarkhebottom nds f

theurn nd he lame i th oenci l . se skew hiselocuta

notch eparatinghe lame nd rn, hen eginhapinghe lame

witha spindle ougeabove).heprocesss hesame s or he

cylindernstep , but nsteadf holdingtheool ta ixed ngle

to heblank,weept rom ideoside hi le ngl inghe ip o

cuta contour.ontinuenti l he lame as hedesiredhaoe.

ShapingheurnShapeheurnwith spindleougesyou id he lame.

Then se skew hiselo cuta notch efiningtheower nd

of heurn.Pressinghechiseli rmly gainsthe ool est, old

th eshort oint f he ip againstheblanko cut heV-shaped

notch;eephebevel n heback f hebladeubbinggains

th estocko help ontrolhecut (above).hen se heskew

chisel nd pindleougeoshape eadselowheurn.

1 3 1



HIGHBOY

Turninghe enon ndsmoothinghe inial

Use par t ingoo l o tu rna %- inch

roundenon elowhepommel,eav

thindisk f wood gainstheheadst

the athe. hen emovehe ool est

smoothhesurface f he nialwi ths

paper, s ing rogressivelyiner r i ts .

thepapero reach roundhe beads

intocreviceslefi l . Io f nish moothin

p iece , o ld hand fu l f wood hav

underhe o ta t ingin ia l nda l low

rubaga ins th eshav ings .omb ine

your k in i l s , heshav ingsi l l mp

smooth nish o hesurface. nce h

isdone,urnoffandunplughe athe

leaveheblankmounted n he ool .

CARVINGHE LAME

1 SketchinsheDatternI -

I Tohe lp ou arveh e lame.mark

pr id f - i nch ouaresn heen t i re u r -" * " '

face f the ame ect ion. hen raw n

four qua l l ypacedp i ra li nesrom h e

hnitnm o the onnf hesect iono del in-v L ' ' v L v P

eate hehol lowsouwi l lcarven step2:

the ines houldntersectpposi teor-

nersof eac.h otnre (ripht).



HIGHBOY

r) Caruinghe lameZ. Removehe in ia l rom he a the nd aw f f hewaste

d isk e lowhe enon. hen lamphe in ia lo a work ur face,

using himso hold t paral lelo hebenchtop.arvehehol-

lows etweenhegrid ineswith wogouges,tarttng itha

wide-bladeoolGbove,ef f ) .Work aral lelo hewood rain

asmuch spossib le ;o ta te nd e-c lamphe in ia l o hat

MOUNTINGHE INIALS

you an eachheentire urface, se narrowerougeo

carve sharplyefinedidge etweenach ol lowabove,

r ight) .Nork om hebottomo he opof he ame, ring-

ingeach idgeo a po in t . hen o l lowu t he opend o re-

moveheholeef tby he athe 'sa i l s tocknd moothhe

f ame i th andpaper .

Gluinghe inialso he hest

For achinial , ore holento he o pof

the hest i th soade i t hesame iam-

eter s he enon n he inial . ocatehe

hole i rect l ybovehequar tero lumn(page 34). hi swillcreatehe mpressio

thathe olumnnd inial re singleiece

Spreadlue n h e enon nd hesides f

thehole,hen it the inial n placeleft)

U se c l a m po h o l d t n p o s i t i o nn t i l

theadhesiveures.

r33



QUARTERCOLUMNS

MAKINGNDNSTATTINGHEOUARTEROTUMNS

1 Makinghe olumnsI Cut blank everalnchesongerhanthe nishedength f hecolumns,ndwide nd hick noughor henumberfquarterolumnsou eed. ip heblankin toquar te rs ,o in t he ns ideur facesof hepieces,hen lue nd lamphembackogether ithnewspapern between(inset,op). hiswil lenableou o pull

thecolumnspart asily. ncehegluesdry,mountheblank na athe.Markwolines n heblankor he ength f hecolumn nd ndicatehewaste i thXs(inset, ottom). rive crewshroughhe

wasteectionso holdhequartersogeth-er .Adjust se tofoutsidealiperso hedesirediameterf hecolumn,hen urntheblanknto cylindersyou id or hefinials page3l). Periodicallyurnof fthe athe ndusehe alioersocheckhediameterf heblankright). nceouhavereducedheblanko hecorrectiameter,turn wobeads t each ndusing skewchisel nda fingernai louge.hen utthe lutesn heblank,ither yhand singagougerwith he outer nd igshown

onpage 35.

Flutedquarter columnsadd a strong

visualframework to thehighboy.

Separatingnd nstallingthe olumns

Once l l he lutes ave eenmacutawayhewaste n heendstheblank. hen se wood histo pry

heglued-upuarter

olumapart. oldingheblank prigha work urface,ork hechiselintoa seam n heendof hestoPushheblade eepernto hese(left)until heblank eparatehalf Pry hehalvesntoquartethenuse scrapero cleanhegl

andnewspaperrom heco lumTo nstal lhe olumnsn he hespreadome lueon heir nsidsurfacesndclamphem n pla



HIGHBOY

A ROUTER.LATHEIGFOR TUTINGqUARTEROTUMNS

With hebox-l ikeigshownelow,ou

can out lutesna quarterolumn

blank hilet smountedn he athe.

Cut heparts f he ig rom%-inchplywood,xceptor he op,whichs

maderom%-inchlear crylic.hej igshould e ong ndwide nough

io supporthe outer ndhigh nough

to holdhe ool ustabovehecolumn

blank henhe ig bottomests n

the athe ed.Oncehe op,bottom,

and ides reassembled,dd wo

verticalracesomakehe ig more

rigid.Resthe igon he athe ed.

Installdouble-bearingilotedlu f

ingbi t nyourouter,rilla bitclear-

ance olehroughhe ig op,and

screwhe ool's ase lateo he ig .

The outer hould epositionedo

thebitwi l l iealongsidehecolumn

blank henhe ig sused. ext, ar k

cuttinginesor he lutes n heblank,

thenmountheblank n he athe.

Besure ll ools reunpluggedur -

ing etup. djusthecutt ing epth

on he outer o hebit sal igned

with hecutt ingine t hemidpoint

of heblank. ighten handscrew

aroundhe athe rive hafto keep

it from ot ating. lamp top locks

to he athe ed o hatal l he luteswil lbe he ameength.

Touse he ig ,butt t againstne

stop lock,urnon he outer ndpush n heside f he ig o eed

thebit nto heblank.ncehepilots

are lush gainsthestock, lidehej igalonghe athe edunti l t con-

tacts heother top lock. eephepilots ressedgainsthestock

asyou out he lute. urn ff he

router,emovehehandscrewnd

rotateheblank yhand o al ign

thenext utt inginewith hebit,

and e insta l lhehandscrew.ut

the emaininglules below).

1 3 5



APPLIEDSCULPTURES

Scallop hells, tylized unburstsnd

fanswere opularcarvings pplied o

Queen nne,Georgian,nd Chippendale

furniture hroughouthe18thCentury.

Carved y hand,decorative otifs iketheoneat rightwere ommonlyfoundon theaprons f highboys. heywere

alsousedo adorn heknees f cabriolelegs ndthe rontsof central rawers.

A SAMPLINGFFAN ND HEttMOTIFS

QueenAnne ecallop ahell Re1ency lower LouiaXIVshell

ChippendaleeaallopshellueenAnne an Chippendaleehell



HIGHBOY

MAKINGNDAPPLYINGSCALLOPHELL

1 Sculptinghe hell urface

I Drawheshel l atternul l -sizena sheet fpaper,hen

transferou r esignoa hardwoodlank f hedesiredhickness.

Cut heedgesf heblank n h eband aw nd astent oa

backupoard. ecurehebackupoardo awork urface.tart

sculptinghesurfacef heshell sing flatgougeabove,eft),

workingn hedirectionf hewood rain. henransferhe

ve in inesrom our a t terno heb lank, nd se par t ing

chiselo etch he inesnto hewoodabove,ight). utfrom

thebottom f heblanko he op; o avoidearout,top ach

cutnearhe opand ompletet romheoppositeirection.

Roundinghe ays

Once l l heveins ave een ut ,use

th e latgougeo roundhecontoursf he

rays etweenhe ein ines. tart ymak-

rnghe urfacesfal l he ays onvexor

crowningutward).o nish arvinghepattern,arve concaveal leynto very

secondaywitha narrow-bladeouge(lefil.fhe urfacesf adjacentays hould

curvenopposi tei rect ions,l te rnat in

betweenonvexnd oncave.se part-

ing oo l oca rvehe einsn hewings

at he ower ides f heshel l photo,

page 36).Once ou re at isfedwith

theshapef he he l l , andhesur face

l ightly.hen etacht rom hebackup

boardnd luet in place n he ront f

the owerhest, sing radsohelp ocate

i t (page 23)and lampso hold t tnplace hi leheadhesiver ies.

t37



HIGHBOY

MAKINGNDMOUNTINGHE PPLIEDOLDING

r) Cuttingwayhe emainingasteL Onceouhaveinishedhapingneedge f hevolute,etachhemoldingfrom hewaste singheband aw. okeephebladerom indingn hekerf,make releaseut hroughhewaste,stoppingt hepatternine. hen awalonghe ine,eedingheworkpiecei thboth andsright).Make ure hatneitherhands n inewith heblade.

1 Shapinghe olutesn he outeraI The urved oldings,al led oluwhich ecorate

heaoron f he owchest, re hapedartiallyith he ouasshown t eft, ndpartiallyyhandinstep . Start ymaking cardbotemplatef hemolding,hen ransyour atterno a workpiecef hedesthickness.eave nough aste n hstock o feed t safely crosshe outable. utalong ne f hepatterninon heband aw, xposingne dgethemolding.oshapehisedge,nsa p i lo tedound-overi t na router

mounthe oo l n a tab le . a therhamakinghe u t reehand,lamp pipointo he ablen inewith hebit,ua braceo steadyt. Asyou eed hewopiecento hebit,bracehestock gathepivotpoint left).Make ure ouketheworkpiecelush gainsthebitpi l



HIGHBOY

Hand-shapinghe econddg e

backupoardo awork ur-

lamphemoldingo heboard.

ound verheseconddg e f hevolute

agouge,opyingheprofi leroducedy he routerbit in step (right). hape

heedge nti l tscontoursre mooth;

ryasmuch spossibleo cutwith he

emovehemoldingromheback-

up board nd an dhesurfaceightly.

Mountinghe olutes

Spread hin, venayer fglue

on hecontactingurfacesf he

moldingnd he hest. lamphe

vo l u t enp l a ce ,i n i n gt up l u sh

with heedge f hebottomai land

leavingsmall pace etweent

and hewing f hesca l lophe l l(\efl.Use woclampsoreach iece

ofmolding.

r39



GLOSSARY

A-B-CAir-driedlumber: Lumber that hasreachedts equilibrium moisturecontentby exposureo unheatedair.

Batten:A board fastened crosshegrain ofa flat surface uchasa chestlid to minimize warping.

Bevelcut A cut at an angle romface-to-face long he lengthorwidth of a workp.iece. eimiter cut.

Biscuit joinfi See late oint.

Board foot A unit of wood vol-ume measurement quivalent o apieceof wood

I inch thickand 12inchessquare.

Boundwater: Moisture present nthe cellwallsof wood. It remainsevenafterdrying; seereewater.

Cabriole leg:A styleof furniture leecharacterize?v rbundedcontoursdesigned o imilate the hind legof aleapinganimal.

CarcaseThe boxJike foundation

of apieceof furniture; made romsolidpanels.

Cockbeading:Narrow projectingmoldingsurrounding he nsideedgeof a draweropening.

Cope-and-stick oint: A method ofjoining stilesand rails n frame-and-panelconstruction.Tonguesn therailsmeshwith groovesn the stiles;a decorativemolding s cut alongthe nsideedgeof thE rame.

Cornice or crown molding:Molding attached o the top of apieceof furniture; typically mount-ed aboveeye eveland angledout-wardsat 45o.

Crosscut A cut madeacrosshegrain of a workpiece.

Cuttinglist A list of the dimen-sionsof the lumber

needed or aspecificproject.

D-E-FDado:A rectangular hannelcutinto a workpiece.

Dentil molding: A decorativedetailconsistingof a row of small,evenlyspaced arsor teeth;usuallyaddedto cornicemolding.

Doretail joint A method ofjoinery

using nterlockingpins and tails;the name derivesrom the distinc-tiveshape ut into the endsof thejoining boards.

Dowel center:A metal rylinderthat is nserted nto a dowelholetopinpoint a matchinghole n a mat-ing workpiece.

Drawer slide:A strip of wood or acommercialmetaldevice ixedto acarcaseo support a drawer.

Dust frame: A frame-and-panelassemblynstalledat the bottom ofapieceof furniture or between hedrawers o preventdustfrom entering.

Edgegluing:Bondingboards ogeth-er edge-to-edgeo form apanel.

Equilibrium moisture content:The moisturecontent hat woodeventually reacheswhen it isexposedo agiven evelofrelative

humidity and temperature.

Escutcheon:A decorativeittinginstalledaround a keyhole o prevent damageto he surroundingwood by the key.

Face rame A decorative rameattached o the front ofa carcasebasedbookcase, abinet,or armoalsoserveso stiffenthe structure

False ronfi A pieceof veneerorwood fixedto the front of a drawusually o concealts oinery.

Fiber saturation point A conditiin which wood cell cavitiesare reof all water while the cellwalls

remain fully saturated.

Finiat An ornament-usuallyturned and carved-projectirigfrom the uppercornersof a fuini-ture piecesuchasa highboy.

Frame-and-paneloinery: A methof assembling oorsand cabinetsidesusing ramesenclosingpan-els hat float m grooveso accommodateshrinkage ndswelling fthe wood.

Freewater: Moisture present n thcell cavitiesof wood,so calledbecauset is free o evaporate urthe drying process;ee-boundat

G-H-r-l-KHeadstoclcThe shaft attached othe motor of a athe;holdswork fspindle-turningn conjunctionwthe tailstockor for turning with afaceplate.See ailstock

Highboy: An elegant18thCenturstyleofdresser, onsisting fanupper and ower chest.



Keybit: The part of a key thatengageshe locking mechanism.

Kiln-dried lumber: Lumber that

hasbeendried with heat o a specif-ic moisture content.

Kneeblock A contouredpieceofwood used o ioin the curved inesof a cabriole169with the bottomchestof a dresser r chest.

L-M-NMarquetry: Decorative nlays ofveneer,metal, or othermaterials.

Median rail A horizontal member

between he upper and ower railsof a frame,dividing he openinginto two sections.

Miter cut A cut that anglesacrossthe faceof a workpiece.Seebevel ut.

Miter-and-spline joint A miteredjoint that is reinforcedwith a spline,or strip of wood,let into thepieces.

Moisture content The amount ofwatercontained n wood, expressed

asa percentage f the wood's oven-dried weight.

Molding: Decorativestrips ofwood used o embellishapieceoffurniture; see entil and cornicemoWing.Decoration may alsobecarvedon the edgeofthe piecewith a router.

Mortise-and-tenon oint A joinery

technique n which aprojectingtenon on one board fits into a cavity-the

mortise-in another.

Mullion: A verticalmemberbetweenthe outsidestilesof a frame:alsoknown asamuntin.

O-P-QPediment Archedor S-shapedmolding mounted on the upperrail of a dresser; lsoknown as

crown molding.

Pilaster:A decorative oard fixedalong he full length of the frontstilesof a cabinet.

Plate oint A method ofjoiningwood in which oval wafersof com-pressedwood fit into slotscut inmating boards.

Pommet Thebottom sectionof afinial; rectangular haped, ome-

times fluted.

Quarter column: A turned andsometimes luted column set nniches n the front cornersof high-boys and other pieces f 18thCentury furniture.

QueenAnne:A sryleof furniturethat emergedn the early18thCentury, character zed by gracefu,flowing lines.

R-SRabbet A step-likecut in the edgeor end of a board; usually orms partof a oint.

Radial shrinkage: Shrinkage hatoccursacross he growth rings aswood dries.

Raift The horizontal member of afr ame-and-panelassembly.

RaisedpaneLA pieceof wood with

bevelededges hat create he illusionthat the centralportion is "raised."

Relativehumidity: The ratio ofwater vaporpresentn the air com-pared o the amount the air wouldhold at its saturationpoint, usuallyexpressed sapercentageigure.

Release ut A preliminary incisionfrom the edgeof aworkpiece o aline about to be cut: enables bandsawor saber aw o cut tighter curves

by facilitating he removalof wastewood. Also known asa relief cut.

Rip cut: A cut following thegrain ofa workpiece-usually along ts length.

Rosette A circular ornament foundat the end of crown molding on hig-boys; ypically turned on the lathe.

Scallopshel} A decorative, arvedmotif found on the bottom apronsofhighboys and other piecesof 18th

Century furniture.

Seasoning: he process r techniqueof removing moisture from greenwood to improve ts workability.

Slidingdovetail joint A joinerymethod in which a dovetailedslideon onepiece its into a matchinggrooYe n the other.

Stile:The vertical member of aframe-and-panelassembly.

T-U-V-W-X-Y-ZTirilstock The adiustable haft on alathe;used n conjunctionwith theheadstock o hold work for spindleturning. Seeheadstock.

Tbngential shrinkage Woodshrinkage hat occurs angential othe growth rings.

Volute: An S-shaped croll carvingmountedon the bottom apron of

highboysand manyotherpiecesof furniture.



INDEX

Page eferencs n italics ndicatean llustrationof subiectmatter.Page eferencesn bdld indicatea Build It Yourselfproiect.

A-B-CApplied sculptures,36 137Armoires,60,61,62

Decorative eaturescornice moldings, 66-69dentil moldings, Zlpilasters,64-65shapingpilasterson the table

saw ShopTip), 65Doors,72-73

glass, 1,73,78hanging,72,79-82

Hardware. 63adjustable evelerc,63, 71clock-case inges,

63, 80-81lacehinges, 63, 79locks,63,83rat-tail hinges,63, 82

LeveIing,TlBand saws:

salvaging upped stock on the bandsaw ShopTip),21

Becksvoort, hris,8-9Belt sanders, 3Biscuit oints.See lateointsBlanket hests, 4-85,86

Bottomassembliesbasemoldings,85,96feet, 93-95,97-99

Decorative eaturesescutcheons,7,101inlays,87, 104-105

Hardware, SThandles, 7,100,103hinges, 7,88-89locks,8Z100-102

Topsinlays,104105moldings,9I-92pianohinges, 8

Board-footmeasurementlG 17Bookcases,G7, 40-41,42

Anchoring bookcaseso the wall(Shop

Tip), 59Basemoldings,56-57Bottom braces,57Connecting bookcasesogether,59Decorative eatures, 1,52,54,57

face rames, 54-55moldings,4Irouting decorativedetails,58

Feet,56, 7,58-59Hardware.43-44

threadedconnectors.59See lsoShelves

Build It Yourself:Radial arm saws

miter igs,70Routers

hinge mortising jigs,90

routerJathe igs for flutingquartercolumns,135

Tablesawsraised anel igs,37

Cabinetmaking,8, 3Projectplanning,7

Cabinets.SeeArmoires; Blanketchests;Highboys

Cabriole egs,112-115, 17Carcases:

Backpanels, IEdge-glued oards, 13Gluing up,28See lsoFrame-and-panel onstruc-

tion; foineryChests.SeeBlanketchests;HighboysChisels,fr ont endpaperClamps:

Springboardclamps or edgegluing(ShopTip), 53

Cockbeading, 18-119Cope-and-stickoints,35Cornercupboards,0- I -Cornicemoldings,66-69Crosscutting,22Crownmoldings,124- 27

Bookcases,42Curio cabinets, 1,73,78Cutting lists, 18

D-E-FDecorative echnioues:

Applied sculptu?es, 36- 37Face rames.54-55Finials,130-133Hardware

escutcheons,7,101Inlays,87, 104-105Pilasters. 465

shapingpilasterson the table saw(ShopTip), 65

Quartercolumns, 134,135Rosettes, 28-129

Routing decorative eatures(ShopTip), 58See lsoMoldings

Dentil moldings, ZlDisplaycabinets,61, 73, 78Doors:

Armoire* T2-73fiame-and-panelconstruction,

7i-78glass, 1,7j,78hanging,72,79-82

Dovetail oints:Blanketchests. 4Hand-cut,12,2G28

cutting awaywastewith a copsaw ShopTip),27

Shelves. 0-51Drawers,120-123

Adjustabledrawerstops(ShopTrp), 123

Blanketchests, 7See lsoHighboys

Drills:Shelf-drilling jigs,45, 46Shop-madeshelf-drilling igs

(ShopTip), 46Edge-gluedoards,13, 4-25Edgemoldings,52-5i

Adding edgemolding to plywoo(ShopTip),25

Springboardclamps or edgeglu(ShopTip), 53Escutcheons,7,101Face rames.54-55Feet:

Adj ustable eveler , 63- 7Bracket eet,93-95

ogeebracket feet,97-99Turned, 58-59SeealsoLegs

Finials,130-133Frame-and-panel onstruction, 32-

Carcase ssembly, 9Cope-and-stickoints,35Doors,73-77

glass,28Mortise-and-tenonoints,33-34Raised anels, 6,37, 38

G-H.IGluing:

Carcases. 8Edge-glued oards,24-25Springboardclamps or edgeglu

(ShopTip), 53Gotges,front endpaperHand-crafting:

Dovetail oints, 12,2G28Hardware:

Adjustable evelers, 3, 71Locks,63, 83,87, 100-102See lsoHinges;subheading

Hardwareunder types of cabiHighboys,106, 07, 108- 09

Decorative eaturesappliedsculptures, 36- 37cockbeading, 18- 19crown moldin gs,124-127finials,130-133quartercolumns, 134,135rosettes, 28-129volutes.138-139



Drawers,1 U 111, 120- 23adjustabledrawer stops Shop

Tip), 123Dust shields. 02Legs,112-115,17

Lower chest,109,116-117Upper chest, l0

Hinges:Hinge mortising jigs,90Tlpes of furniture

armoires, 3,79-82blanket chests, Z 88-89

Typesofhingesbutt hinges,82, 89clock-case inges, 3, 80- 1lacehinges, 63, 79piano hinges, 8rat-tail hinges,63,82

Inlays,87,104-105

I-K-tfigs:

CIampsspringboardclamps or edge

gluing(ShopTip), 53Drills

shelf-drilling igs, 45, 46shop-madeshelf-drilling igs

(ShopTip), 46Radial arm saws

miter igs,70Routers

jigs for routing evenlyspaceddadoes ShopTip), 49

router-lathe igs for fluting quartercolumns.135Table saws

cove-cutting igs, 69raised anel igs,37

loinery,24Cope-and-stickoints, 35Mortise-and-tenonoints,33-34Plate oints, 24, 29-30,85Wood g rain, 15See lsoDovetail oints

lointing,20Lathes:

Router-lathe igs for fluting quartercolumns,135

Tools, ront endpaperLegs:

Cabriole, 12-115,117SeealsoFeet

Locks:Armoires, 63, 83Blanketchests, Z 100-102

Loeven,Fr€d6ric,7

Lumber,16-17Defects, 9

salvaging upped stock on thebandsaw ShopTip),2l

Grades,backendpaper

Measurement, ackendpaper, G17cutting ists,18

Selection,6-17Shrinkage/swelling, 14- 15Surfacing/dre sing, 0-23SeealsoWood

M-N-OMoldings:

Cockbeading, 18- 19Cornicemoldings,66-68Crown moldings, 124-127Dentil moldings, ZIEdgemoldings, 52-53

adding edgemolding to plywood

(ShopTip),25springboardclamps or edge

gluing(ShopTip), 53Integralmoldings,92

Iigsradial arm sawmiter jigs,70table sawcove-cuttingguides,69

Volutes, 38-1i9Morcel, Nain,6-7Mortise-and-tenonoints:

Frame-and-panei onstruction,3i-i4

Ogeebracket eet,97-99

P-Q-RPanels:Edge-glued oards, 13,24-25Frame-and-panelonstruction,

32-39raised anels, 6,37,38

Pediments, 2, 124-127Pilasters, 4-65

shapingpilasterson the table saw(ShopTip), 65

Planing,2lPlate oints, 24, 29-30,85Plywood:

Edge reatments,52-53adding edgemolding to plywood

(Shop ip),25Projectplanning,17

Quartercolumns, 134,135Radialarm saws:

Miter jigs,70Raisedpanels 36, 37, 38Ripping,22Rodriguez,Mario, -10-1

Rosettes, 28- 29Routers:

Hinge mortising jigs,90Integral moldings, 92

|igs for routing evenlyspaced adoes

(ShopTip), 49Raisedpanels,38Router-lathe igs for fluting quarter

columns,135

S.T-U-VSafetyprecautions,front endp perSanding,23Sculpture.SeeDecorative echniquesShelves, 3

Adjastable, 45-49Edge reatments,52-53

adding edgemolding to plywood(ShopTip),25

springboardclamps or edge

gluing(ShopTip), 53Fixed,50-5IHardwarc,43,44

standardsand clips,43, 48threadedshelf supports, 43, 45-46

loinery, 50-51Supports, 3,45-51

jigs for routing evenlyspaceddadoes ShopTip), 49

shop-madeshelf-drilling igs(ShopTip), 46

ShopTips:Armoires,65Bookcases, 6, 49, 53,58

Cabinetmakingbasics,21, 23, 26, 27Highboys, 23Table saws. 2

Cornice moldings, 69Making repeatcutswith the table

saw ShopTip),23Raised anels, 6,37Shapingpilasterson the table saw

(ShopTip), 65Tools:

Safetyprecautions,front endp perTurning and carving ools,

front endpaperSee lsoDrills; Radial arm saws;

Routers: ablesaws

Volutes. 38-139

W.X-Y-ZWall units. SeeBookcasesWardrobes.SeeArmoiresWood:

Grain,15See lsoLumber

143



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Theeditorswish o thank he ollowing

CABINETMAKING BASICSAdjustable lampCo.,Chicago,L; Delta nternationalMachinery/Porterable,Guelph,Ont.;

FreudWestmore ools,Ltd.,Mississauga,nt.;GreatNeckSawMfrs. nc. (BuckBros.Division),Millbury,MA;LeeValleyToolsLtd.,Ottawa,Ont.;Sandvik aws ndToolsCo.,Scranton, A;Shopsmith,nc.,Montreal,Que.;

StanleyTools,Divisionof the StanleyWorks, New Britain,CT; Steiner-Lamello .G.Switzerland/Colonial awCo., Kingston,MA

AdjustableClamp Co., Chicago, r, o-..i..rur?3[:t:Etin.oln, NE; Black& Decker/EluPowerTools,Towson,MD; LesBoisM & M ltde.,St-Mathieu,Que.;Delta nternationalMachineryiPorter able,Guelph,Ont.;

FreudWestmore ools,Ltd.,Mississauga,nt.;Griset ndustries,nc.,Santa na,CA; LeeValleyToolsLtd.,Ottawa,Ont.; Sandvik aws ndToolsCo.,Scranton, A;Sears, oebuck nd Co.,Chicago,L; Shopsmith,nc.,

Montreal,Que.;Steiner-Lamello.G.Switzerland/ColonialawCo.,Kingston,MA; VeritasTools nc.,Ottawa,Ont./Ogdensburg, Y

ARMOIREAdjustable lampCo.,Chicago,L; Black& Decker/Elu owerTools,Towson,MD; Delta nternational

Machinery/PorterCable,Guelph,Ont.;Allan Flegg,Montreal,Que.;FreudWestmoreTools,Ltd.,Mississauga,nt.; GreatNeckSawMfrs. nc. (BuckBros.Division),Millbury,MA; LeeValleyToolsLtd.,

Ottawa,Ont.;Sears, oebuck nd Co.,Chicago,L; Shopsmith,nc.,Montreal,Que.;Stanley ools,Divisionof the StanleyWorks, New Britain, CT; VermontAmericanCorp., Lincolnton,NC and Louisville,KY

BI-ANKETCHESTAdjustable lampCo.,Chicago,L; AmericanTool Cos., incoln,NE; Black& Decker/Elu owerTools,Towson,MD; Delta nternationalMachinery/Porter able,Guelph,Ont.;FreudWestmore ools,Ltd.,

Mississauga,nt.; General oolsManufacturing o., nc.,NewYork,NY; GreatNeckSawMfrs. nc. (BuckBros.Division), Millbury, MA; Alain Morcel,LesRdalisations oeven-Morcel,Montreal,Que.;SandvikSaws nd

ToolsCo., Scranton,PA; Stanley ools,Divisionof the StanleyWorks,New Britain, CT; Steiner-Lamello .G.Switzerland/ColonialawCo.,'Kingston, A; VermontAmericanCorp.,Lincolnton,NC andLouisville, Y

HIGHBOYAdjustable lampCo.,Chicago,L; AmericanTool Cos., incoln,NE;Anglo-American nterprisesorp.,

Somerdale, J; Black& Decker/EluPowerTools,Towson,MD; Delta nternationalMachinerylPorterCable,Guelph,Ont.;FreudWestmore ools,Ltd.,Mississauga,nt.;GreatNeckSawMfrs. nc. (BuckBros.Division),Millbury, MA; Hitachi PowerToolsU.S.A.Ltd.,Norcross,GA; RobertLarsonCompany, nc.,SanFrancisco,CA;Alain Morcel,LesR6alisationsoeven-Morcel, ontreal,Que.;Shopsmith,nc.,Dayton,OH andMontreal,Que.;

RobertSorbyLtd.,Sheffield,U.K./BusyBeeMachineTools,Concord,Onl

The ollowingpersons lsoassistedn thepreparation f this book:

Lorraine Dor6,DominiqueGagn€,Graphor Consultation,GeneviiveMonette,Brian Parsons, .Gail Sowerby

FURNITURECREDITS

Cover LesR6alisations oeven-Morcel,Montr6al,Qudbec40 GilesMiller-Mead,Brome,Qu6bec

60,6l GilesMiller-Mead,Brome,Qu€bec nd ean-Frangoisrunelle, t-Bruno,Qu6bec84,106LesRdalisationsoeven-Morcel, ontrdal,Qudbec

PICTURECREDITS

Cover RobertChartier6,7 MarkTomalty8,9 Tom Stewart

10, l GraceHuang



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02 - the art of woodworking - cabinets and bookcases

Documents