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Manas Nirukti - Etymology of Mind

qlri rilli ql: - EmxMUOM

Manas is the component which brings out the recited publicized knowledge from

Buddhi. qlri okrilli ql: - voSviqq No knowledge is with out Manas. Thus it is told that shq qlx l

Lu c xiiqlSrjl xMwh uii cUM vUU 1/18

Manas is Ateendriyam ( AilSrq) Psycho - means mind + logos is study, the word psychology represents the study

of mind.

Psychology is the study of the human mind based on mental characteristics etc. of

a person or group where the mental aspects of an activity, situation, etc. are

considered. It has many branches of study such as the profession (e.g., clinical

psychology), scholarly discipline (academic psychology), and science (research

psychology) concerned with the behavior of humans and animals, and related

mental and physiological processes.

Different branches of psychology

1. adlerian psychology2. analytical psychology3. animal psychology4. atomistic psychology5. behavioral psychology6. behavioristic psychology7. child psychology8. clinical psychology9. cognitive psychology

10. community psychology11. comparative psychology12. constitutional psychology13. counseling psychology14. criminal psychology15. depth psychology16. developmental psychology

17. dynamic psychology18. educational psychology19. environmental psychology20. existential psychology21. experimental psychology22. forensic psychology23. genetic psychology24. gestalt psychology25. health psychology

26. holistic psychology27. humanistic psychology28. individual psychology29. industrial psychology30. medical psychology31. objective psychology32. subjective psychology


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Manas Paryaya - Synonyms of Mind

Ayurvedic literature uses different synonyms for Manas. They are

1. qlx-that which thinks2. qlxq-that which thinks3. xiuq-that which existent4. cq-that which is instrumental to special knowledge 5. ci-that which is instrumental to special knowledge6. cix-that which is instrumental to special knowledge7. Wi-that which captures or grasps 8. WSrq-that which captures or grasps

Manas stana - Seat of Mind Head (Brain)

vUxjsuiUaiq xuSrmU ql: - pBetween Shira (Head) andTalu (Pallate) i.e. Mastishka (Brain in situ) referred as the seat of Manas by

Bhela.

Brain (Head) as seat is supported by

1. It is a Ashraya for the Indriya, Indriyavaha Srotas, Pranavaha Srotas,

2. It is a Marma

3. It is a seat for Pranavata (Cha.Chi.28, Su.Ni.1/13)

4. It is a seat for Tarpakakapha (A.San.20/4)

5. Its role is well established in Pakshaghata (Su.Ni.1/60-63)

6. Its role is well established in Madatyaya (Cha.Chi.23)

7. Its role is well established in Apatamntraka (Cha.Si.9/16-21)

8. Injury to Head cause Moha, Chestanasha, Gadgada, Swarahani

(Cha.si.9/10)

9. Injury to Seemanta Sandhi causes Unmada, Chittanasha, Bhaya,

Marana (Su.Sha.6/23)


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MR-04

Manas stana - Seat of Mind Hrudayam (Heart)

UxuiSqah xiuoSriql

xjlqcri

cUM cMix 24/35Hrudaya i.e. Heart (chest in situ) referred as the seat of Manas by

Charaka.

Hrudaya is supported as seat of Manas by

1. Chetana sthana as it is seat of Atma(Cha.Su.11/20)

2. Sarwa buddhi karana chitta sthana (Su.Sha.1/22)

3. Adhistana for Satwa, Raja and Tamas (Ahankara)4. Satwa sthana

5. Mano sthana

6. Buddhi sthana

7. Indriya sthana

8. Ojo sthana (Para Ojas)

9. Rasa sthana10. Vata sthana (Vyanavata) (A.San.Su. 20/4)

11. Pitta sthana (Sadhakapitta) (A.San.Su. 20/5)

12. Kapha sthana (Avalambakakapha) (A.San.Su. 20/6)

13. Pranayatana (Cha.Su.29/3)

14. Sira marma (Su.Sha.6/10)

15. Sadyah pranahara marma (Su.Sha.6/25)16. Pranavaha sroto moola (Cha.Vi.5/24)

17. Manovaha dhamani sthana (Cha.Vi.9/4 Chakra)


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MR-05

Mano Guna - Qualities of Mind

AhiuqjcMiu ah qlx: xqi cUM vUU 1/20

Anutwa (minuteness) and Ekatwa (unification) are the two qualities of theMind. The minuteness is identified by the many subject cognation from

different senses. Here the fact is Manas is so fast cognates with different

objects like Stapatrasuchi penetrates in many lotus leaves at once, but

practically at a microsecond to each one. This is because of the Vibhutwa,

Amurtatwa, Anutwa, Chalatwa, Chanchalatwa, Ekatwa qualities of Manas.

Luq ahiuci xiucs c ahuqi mi rax 3/1

Manas is Trigunatmakam, i.e. the Trigunas (Satwa, Rajas and Tamas) rides

on the Manas. Thus the Manas is three verities. At the disease manifestation

the Satwa (Kalyanamsha) doesnt gives raise any disease. Where in the

Rajas (Roshamsha) and Tamas (Mohamsha) are potent manifestations of the

mental attitudes or disease. Charaka defines it as uk Zs xxiu v Uex iqxqi i

Uexq xSwqZri Uwviui ijqvUU 4/36),iwi rhqm xuliUiqracNUUrl uvwprlrlr cUM vUU 1

Triguna (Satwa) Purusha (Psycho-attitudes) Satwika Rajasika Tamasika

1. Brahma

2. Rushi3. Indra4. Varuna5. Yama6. Kubera7. Gandharwa

1. Asura

2. Rakshasa3. Pishacha4. Sarpa5. Pretasatwa6. Shakunasatwa

1. Pashusatwa

2. Matsyasatwa3. Vanaspatyasatwa


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MR-06

Manas-Shareera Ashrayaashrayee Bhava

vUUqm xiuql ukri xiu c vUUq cUM vUU 1/36 -The statementgiven by Charaka expresses the associations of the Shareera to Satwa vice

versa. It means that the Shareera Dosha Vata, Pitta and Kapha mutual impacts

over the manasika Dosha Rajas and Tamas. The health definition includes the

mx ql: , and the disease with qlS:Z elMiui , and the managementwith xiuuer cMix , by controlling Emk .

Mano-karma (Functions of Mind)

cir ucrq c krr xMsmquc riMMqqlx: xuxrla: FW ucU ii: mUo: cUM vUU 1/36

Chintyam clr ri ql:lluwrai ciri

Vicharyam ucUq iiulhrq iSlah uYUhyam F iYr: - vxhxjmlq

Dhyeyam krrq ri LMah qlx puri -

clir xqi kiliiiul ls L

Samkalpam xMsm qlxri xqrM Msmri MiurIndriyabhigrha ClSrh ApaW; rkxu uwrlaW: AWii lrqlq Manonigraha Lu Alri riMci qlxxZS:ZccwSM ii xu Aj xMqThe other subjects of Manas are Sukha, Duhkha, Icha, Dwesha, Arishadwarga,

Chittabhumuka etc.


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MR-07Upanishat affirmed functions of Manas

xlql ul ml qk kMiUx: Mquv Ci xuhril m LUrmlwi 3/20

Yoga affirmed functions of Manas

mi qR umiqMa lqi c

Manasika Roga

There is a specified placement of Manasa Roga in Ayurveda.

Charaka contributed two chapters in Nidana as Unmada (Psychotic disorders)

and Apasmara (Psycho-Somatic disorders) apart from Mano Prakruti vikruti

(Psychotic personalities).

Manas and mano hetu are told either for Smanyaja or Nanatmaja vikara.

Shareerika (somatic) and Manasika (psychotic) Dosha Vyadhi

interrelationship is well established as Kama, Shoka and Bhaya aggravates

Vata and Kroodha and Shoka to Pitta. Achintana and Harsha cause Kaphavitiation.

Rajoguna makes Vata to aggravate and Tamo guna to Kapha.

Even though the manasika Vyadhi are of mano Dosha janya, Shodhana

Chikitsa is based on shareerika Dosha management only.

Charaka at Janapadodhwamsaneeya chapter states that the disease

development initiated with mano-vikara and manasa roga.

This statement is added with pvri i MircSirSlixMl vUUaUuqx vUUaUui q: Asxri xcr: - mUaW: - mUaW spSpaW: - ApSWSliucl AliucliMq mwrpbipr im vM caSr


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Concept of Impregnable mind in somatic pathology

Theo-physicalInvincible

Atma

MetaphysicalCognisable

Manas

Physical peaceableVisible

Panchamaha Bhuta, Kala, Dik

DRAVYA

KayamChetana Tatwa

1) AsatmedriyarthaSamyoga

2) Parinama3) Prajnaparadha

VyadhiDOSHA

VataPitta

Kapha

ShareeraManas

Indriya BuddhiStructural site of

Shiro Manas

PranetaManas

Niyanta ManasTo Jnanendriya

CognationPhysiological =Perception

Pathological = Defects (Unmada,Personalit abnormalities

Normal Manas Acts (Upanishat)samjnana associative

knowledge

Aajnana possessing

knowledge

Vijnana specifiedknowledge

Prajnana postulation

Medha intellect

Drusti - aspect

Dhruti decision

Mati opinion

Maneesha thought

Jooti thinkingSmruti recollection

Sankalpa assertion

Rutu thought of act

Aasu intrest in living

Kama desire

Vasham manao

nigraha/ indriyabhigraha

Praneta Manas toKarmendriya

Uro Manas(Hrudaya)Functional

site ofManas

Satwavajaya Chikitsa

Kevala Manasika Vyadhi- Unmada

Shareera -Manasika VyadhiApasmara

RajasTamas

Yukti VypashrayaChikitsa

ShodhanaShamana

(Aushadha,Ahara,Vihara)

Normal Manas Acts Chintyam, Vicharyam, Uhyam, Dhyeyam,

Samkalpam, Indriyabhigraham,

Mano nigraham

014ks manasa roga ksr

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