World War I can only be described as a senseless war, it was unlike any war fought before or since.

On the Western Front each side dug trenches facing each other with a small stretch of 'no-man's land' and barbed wire between them.

For the most part of four years these armies hardly moved at all.

Trench Warfare

The Western Front

Trench Warfare

When men were ordered to go 'over the top', tens of thousands of lives could be lost over a couple of days, just to win a hill or a few kilometres of ground.

Mostly though they sat in the cold mud with the smell of death firing shots and mortars across to one another.

Trench Warfare

On both sides, those commanding were mostly incompetent men who had gained their positions because they had been born into the class that officers and politicians came from.

In many cases they had only minimal, if any, training for the roles they played

They had no idea of strategy or tactics

Trench Warfare

65 million men served in World War One. 8 million were killed and over 30 million were

wounded. Neither side could not cope with the number of

wounded.They had few doctors, nurses or other health

professionalsInsufficient personnel and resources to feed,

clothe, transport and care for soldiers

Trench Warfare - Conditions

The conditions in these trenches were horrific. Aside from the fear of bombardment, soldiers also had to contend with mud, flooding, lice, vermin,

and disease associated with living in such an unhealthy environment.

German Soldiers

Australian lighthorsemen, Anzac Cove, 1915. The man on the right is using a trench periscope to take a quick look at the Turkish lines while another sights a periscope rifle

Charles Bean – Australia’s Official WWI historian

Trench foot – a condition similar to frost bite. A result of standing for days in icy cold mud and water. Trench foot

could result in gangrene which could lead to amputation of feet and toes and even death.

Mustard gas attacks were common features of trench life and could blister the skin, cause blindness and lung disease. Phosgene caused a slow and painful death by choking or

drowning in fluids on the lungs