6 th Grade Final Exam Study Guide

Name:_______________________________________________ Class/Block:_____ __ Date: ____________

A. Scientific Investigation skills: Notes pgs 19, 20, 21Use the following words: conclusion, hypothesis, problem, research, experiment, observation.

1. conclusion Refers back to the hypothesis and compares results. Describes what you learned and didn't learn. Tells whether your hypothesis was supported or not supported.

2. research Information gathered from books, the internet and other resources about the experiment.

3. hypothesis An educated prediction using the If I do ______ then _____ will happen.

4. problem The step that states a question about what you're going to experiment on.

5. observation The step that describes by using your 5 senses and recording what you see/measure in an organized way.

6. experiment A detailed list of materials and instructions on how to test your hypothesis.

Use the following words: conclusion, hypothesis, problem, research, experiment, observation.

7. conclusion The scientists writes, "Therefore I suggest that my hypothesis was supported because the salt water freezes at a lower temperature then the fresh.

8. problemA scientist wants to find out: Does sea water freezes at a lower temperature than fresh water?

9. experiment The scientist creates a list that includes, 2 beakers, 2 liters of water, 70 grams of table salt, refrigerator. Then the scientist does the following in the laboratory:

1. Fills 2 beakers each with 1 liter of fresh water2. Dissolves 35 grams of table salt in one of the beakers.3. Places both beakers in a refrigerator whose temperature is -1 C.4. Leave s the beaker in the refrigerator for 24 hours.

10. hypothesis My prediction is that if I put a beaker of freshwater and a beaker of saltwater in the freezer then the freshwater will freeze first.

11. research The scientist used information from prior experiments and from books on salt water and freshwater to gather information for his experiment.

12. observation After 24 hours in a freezer set at 32°F the scientist examines the both beakers and finds the fresh water to be frozen. The salt water is still liquid.

Label each example below with the correct measurements. Notes pgs 12, 13, & 14

9.3cm

12.8cm

10.1cm

45mL 77.3mL

190.3g

37.3g

B. Our Solar System: Notes pgs 24, 28, 29, & 30 & space missions foldable

Use the following words: gravity, comet, meteor, asteroid, rotation, revolution, year, day, tides, one, mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Space Shuttle

20. Meteor Chunks of metal or stone that orbit the sun freely, not in a group that fall through the Earth's atmosphere and burn up. The burning material is often called a "shooting star".

21. Comet Spheres of dusty ice that have a tail and orbit the sun freely. Their tails can be millions of miles long.

22. Gravity The force of attraction between objects. This causes the planets and other space objects to maintain their elliptical orbit around the sun.

23. Asteroids Space object made of rock, metal or a combination of the two. Most lie in a belt between Mars and Jupiter and can be quite large.

24. 1 year The amount of time it takes the Earth to revolve around the sun 1 time

25. Revolve To orbit or move around another object.

26. 1 day The amount of time it takes for the Earth to spin one time on its axis.

27. Rotate To spin on an axis

28. Tides The gravitational pull of the moon on the Earth’s oceans and other bodies of water.

29. 1 – the sun Number of stars in our solar system.

30. ApolloSpace program that flew astronauts to the moon to explore the moon. (1965-1972)

31. Mercury First space program to launch humans on rockets. (1940-1950’s)

32. Gemini Space program that practice traveling in space & docking rockets.

33. Shuttle Space program that used a reusable, plane like rocket. Use to carry large objects/conduct experiments.

Use notes page 2835. Label summer, fall, winter & spring

34. Label the picture day & night.

36. Label the moon phases. Use notes p28

Use notes p27

37. Write the 8 planets in order from the sun.

The Sun:

a) Mercury

b) Venus

c) Earth

d) Mars

e) Jupiter

f) Saturn

g) Uranus

h)Neptune

38. Which 4 planets are big, gassy, have many moons, & long years because of their distance from the sun?

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

39. Which 4 planets are smaller, rocky, few moons, and shorter years because they are closer to the sun?

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

C. Matter: Notes pgs 34, 35, 36 & 37 Vocabulary review: atoms, elements, subatomic particles, nucleus, shells

40. Subatomic particles are the 3 smaller pieces found inside an atom.

41. atins are the building block of matter/smallest part of matter.

42. elements are pure substances made of only one type of atom.

43. atoms the heavy center of the atom.

44. shells energy levels around the nucleus where electrons are moving.

Vocabulary review: proton, electron, neutron, L shell, M shell, K shell

45. K shell holds 2 electrons.

46. Neutron is the neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus.

47. proton is the positive subatomic particle found in the nucleus.

48. L shell holds 8 electrons.

49. Electron is the negative subatomic particle found outside the nucleus.

50. M shell holds 18 electrons.

Vocabulary review: element symbol, atomic number, atomic mass, proton, electron, neutron, element symbol, atomic number, atomic mass, element name

51. Atomic mass number that tells the number of protons PLUS neutrons.

52. Element symbol letter(s) that chemically represent each element

53. Atomc number number that tells the number of protons and electrons

54. proton

55. neutron

56. electron

Atomic number

Element symbol

Element name

Atomic mass

D. Energy: Notes pgs 43, 45, 46, & 47 Use the following words: renewable, transformation, biomass, the sun, geothermal, solar, kinetic, potential, fossil fuels, chemical, wind, hydropower, non-renewable

1. potential_stored energy of position or structure

2. kinetic energy of motion or movement

3. fossil fuels Energy that was created from dead plants/animals that were under heat and pressure for millions of years. Coal, oil, gas was created into hydrocarbons that can be used as fuel.

4. The sun energy that comes directly from the sun.

5.Chemical energy that hasn't been used yet. Batteries, food, and wood are examples. Energy is release when bonds between atoms are broken.

6. Geothermal energy that comes from water heated by hot magma inside the Earth. Usually creates steam to turn a turbine.

7. Wind energy created from the uneven heating of the Earth's surface.

8.Biomass energy created from the burning of plant material, animal waste, trash and wood. Often a methane gas is released that can be used as a fuel.

9.Hydropower energy created by moving water. Usually involves dams on rivers.

10. Transformation how energy changes from one type of energy to another.

11. Renewable energy that can be recycle/reused again and again. Includes solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, and bio-mass energy.

12. Nonrewable energy that cannot be recycled or reused. The Earth will eventually run out of these fossil fuels.

13. The sun Source of all energy sources except geothermal & nuclear.

61. What are the 5 renewable energy sources? Wind, solar, geothermal, hydropower, biomass

62. What are the 4 non-renewable. Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) & nuclear

Use notes page 64 63. Write the energy transformation for the following object

Mechanical – electrical – heat/sound/mechanical

E. Heat in Our atmosphere: Notes pgs 73, 74, 76, & 77Write the correct word for each definition. Use: conduction, convection, radiation, convection currents

63. The process of warm air rising, cold air sinking in a repeated pattern.

64. heat transferred though a liquid or a gas

65. heat transferred directly from one solid to the next through direct contact.

66. heat transferred through electromagnetic waves

Write the correct word for each definition. Use: The Earth’s energy budget, wind,Greenhouse effect, The sun, greenhouse gases

67. Greenhouse effect The concept that certain gases trap heat in our atmosphere.

68. The sun This is responsible for powering the atmosphere, oceans, causing weather,69. providing heat, light, energy, and causing life processes.

70. Wind The unequal heating and cooling of land and water that causes air to move.

71. Earth’s energy budget The concept that energy in our atmosphere is balanced by being absorbed and reflected.

72. Greenhouse gases - methane, water vapor, carbon dioxide

F. Weather: Notes pgs82 73. Draw and explain cold air and warm air. Use the words: density, pressure, and temperature.

Notes pgs 84 & 85 74. Complete the sentence and label each of the clouds on the picture using the word bank: cumulus,

height, cirrocumulus, stratus, cumulonimbus, altostratus, shape, stratocumulus, altocumulus, and cirrus. Clouds are categorized by their __shape___and _____________height_______________.

Notes pg 8275. What are 3 factors that affect weather: humidity, temperature, & air

pressure___________________________________________________

76. Complete the chart below using the following words: air pressure, thermometer, barometer, and hygrometer, humidity and temperature.

Notes pg 83Weather factor Definition: Instrument used to

measure:Picture of instrument:

temperatue

The measure of heat in air or the atmosphere.

thermometer

Air pressure The amount of air pressing down on an

area.

barometer

humidityThe amount of water

vapor in the air.

hygrometer

Notes pgs 86

77. Complete the chart below. Use the following: cold front, low pressure, clear then steady rain, good weather, strong winds/severe thunderstorms, steady rain

HSymbol Symbol represents: Weather associated:

Warm frontWarm/steady rain

Cold front Stormy/colder

HHigh pressure

Clear weather

L Low pressure Bad weather

Notes pgs 68 & 69

Matching. Write the correct word for each definition. Use: condensation, troposphere, stratosphere, evaporation, precipitation, nitrogen/oxygen, temperature/pressure, less dense/colder

78. NITROGEN/oxygen The two main gases found in our atmosphere.

79. Evaporation_The changing of a liquid to a gas by adding heat.

80. Stratosphere Layer of the atmosphere that holds ozone.

81. Condensation The changing of a gas to a liquid by cooling.

82. Precipiation Rain, snow, freezing rain, hail, and sleet that are pulled by gravity to the ground.

83. Troposphere Layer of the atmosphere weather occurs in; closest to the ground.

84. Temperature & air pressure - Layers of the atmosphere are different because of these two factors.

85. Gets less/changes back & forth Description of air pressure and temperature change as you go up a mountain.

Directions: Use the Weather Map to answer the following questions.

Notes pg 86 & your daily weather log key.

14. What kind of weather does the H in the middle of the United States indicate?

Clear/good weather

15. What kind of front/weather is the east coast experiencing?

Cold front

16. In which direction is the cold front in California moving? East