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PERSUASIVE SPEECH UNITMON TUE WED THU FRI

04 05 06 07 08GrammarWatch Movies

GrammarWatch Movies

Topic SelectionBrainstorming

GrammarBrainstormingHW: Finish Brainstorm by 2/8

Check BrainstormsResearch Guidance & Note-Taking InstructionHW: Keep Researching!!!

11 12 13 14 15GrammarResearch DayHW: Continue Researching!!!

GRAMMAR QUIZ: Fragments, Run-Ons, Apostrophes, & Semicolons

MISS BUSH VISITS TO DISCUSS MENTAL HEALTH

GrammarResearch TimeHW: Finish Research by Tomorrow!!!

Check Research NotesBegin Writing Hand-Written Rough DraftHW: Handwritten RD Due 2/18

18 19 20 21 22Check Handwritten RDLesson: APA Reference Pages

APA Citation LessonBegin Typing Speech

GrammarContinue Typing Speech

GrammarFinish Typing SpeechHW: Typed Speech Due Tomorrow (2/22)

Typed Speech DueWork Day: Visual Aid & Notecards

25 26 27 28 01Work Day: Visual Aid & Notecards

GrammarSpeaking GuidanceHW: Begin practicing your speech alone & be sure you’ve finished your notecards by tomorrow

GrammarPractice alone w/ your notecards & visual aid

GrammarPractice with a partner

Practice with a group of 4

04 05 06 07 08

Give Speeches Give Speeches Give Speeches Give Speeches Give Speeches

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If you are not prepared to go when called, you will go the next day, at 75% credit.

Persuasive Speech (4-6 minutes)

Part One: Research

1. Check out the APPROVED TOPICS (p. 3) and highlight or circle the controversial topic you would like to research.

2. Begin to research. You must find at least three GOOD sources. Look for facts, quotes from experts, and statistics.

3. If a source has evidence you’d like to use, first do a WEB EVALUATION (pp. 5-9) to be sure it is reputable/legit.

4. If a source passes the Web Evaluation, you may then begin to take notes using the NOTES pages in this packet (pp. 10-12).

As you research, begin thinking about the position you want to take on the controversial issue.

You must argue for or against something.

Part Two: Brainstorming

1. On the BRAINSTORM page (p. 13), write down the controversial topic you researched; then identify your position.

2. Next, find a partner, and tell him or her a little bit about your research. Together, brainstorm counter arguments and how you could respond (fill out your brainstorm page).

3. Now, you must seriously think about the organization and delivery of your ideas; how will you structure your speech? Fill out the OUTLINE (pp. 14-15).

When you are speaking, you will have to tell the audience where the information came from, so use “signal phrases” to integrate your sources into what you are

saying (i.e. “According to so-and-so, divorce rates are slowly declining.”).

Part Three: Citation (use APA style)

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Use the WEB EVALUATIONS you did earlier (pp. 5-9) and pages 16-18 to help you type the References page.

If necessary, go back to the source to find important information.

We do the References page first because in order to use in-text parenthetical citations you must know the first item that appears in the Reference page entry for a

given source. (Is it an author’s name or the name of the source?)

Part Four: Type (use APA style)

Type up your speech; you must include a title page, an abstract, the research paper itself (with headers), and the References page.

Pages 19-21 walk you through APA formatting and citation rules.

Part Five: Practice

1. Practice giving an effective speech. Pay attention to vocal and physical delivery (Check out the SPEECH DELIVERY TIPS (p. 22))

2. Have a partner listen to your speech & fill in the EVALUATION FORM (p. 23).

OPTIONAL

You may make up to five 3x5 notecards. Front side only. Must be in pen.

You may also choose to create a PowerPoint to show relevant quotes and/or pictures. You must cite the photos/graphs/charts used on a Reference page.

There is a five-slide limit, not including the title slide and the References slide.

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APPROVED TOPICSEnergy Nuclear power Off-shore drilling Energy

independence Biofuels Fracking

Science Cloning Space exploration Is it okay to

genetically modify crops?

Should we fear A.I.?

Media Should people delete

their social media? Does violent and/or

sexual media (including video games, movies, and online content) harm young people?

Is gaming bad for young people?

Are teen role models worse now than they were in the past?

Environment / Animals Global climate

change Pollution Access to clean

water Animal testing Keeping animals in

zoos or aquariums Is hunting okay?

Health Drug abuse/overdose How should we deal

with mental illness? Euthanasia Homelessness Poverty

Foreign Policy and the Military Military intervention

abroad Nuclear weapons Trade Assistance to foreign

countries Use of torture Women in combat National Defense

Budget

Law & Crime Police and

community relations Immigration policy Prisons / Solitary

confinement Drug policy / “War

on Drugs” Gun issues How to solve prison

overcrowding The death penalty

Family Issues Divorce Spanking Beauty pageants Should kids have

phones?

School Homework Sex education Start times How should we

educate special needs students: inclusion vs. pull-out vs. self-contained rooms

Balanced calendar Grade inflation Graduation rates Is college worth it?

Money and Work Taxes Campaign finance

reform The national debt College tuition Minimum wage Outsourcing Equal pay for

women Maternity and

paternity leave

What to Look for as You Research

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1. Try to learn more about the topic so that the stance you take is based in knowledge and so your thesis will be written from an educated position.

2. Consider possible arguments and counter arguments; try to find facts, statistics, and expert opinions you could use to support your stance and refute opposing views.

Google Tips Use single words or phrases. Do NOT write out sentences/questions.

o Ex: “gun control” laws Iowa Use quotation marks around phrases to make sure they are searched as a unit.

o Ex: “death penalty” “teen dating” Put the most important words FIRST (Google prioritizes based on word order).

o Ex: hybrid electric fuel vehicles Use at least three keywords to get the best results.

o Ex: interaction vitamins “prescription drugs”o Ex: anorexia "warning signs" “eating disorders”

Use minus signs (-) to eliminate common results you don’t want!o Ex: cowboys “wild west” –footballo Note: make sure you do not put a space after the minus sign

Use asterisks as wildcards! Google treats the * as a placeholder for one or more word(s).

o Ex: “Google * my life” o This tells Google to find pages containing a phrase that starts with

“Google” followed by one or more words, followed by “my life.” Phrases that fit the bill include “Google changed my life,” “Google runs my life,” and “Google is my life.”

o Ex: “You get * out front hottest *” o Google will return this: "You get the limo out front, hottest styles,

hottest colors,” from the Hannah Montana song.

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Web Evaluation #______

*If something is missing, you SKIP IT.Author(s).Last, F.

(Date Published). Title of sourcePrint? Book title. / Online? “Webpage/Article Name.”

Place of Publication:Print? City: Publisher.Online? Website or Container Name.

Volume (issue), pages. Online? Add this:Retrieved from https://www.homepageurl

Should we trust the author/publisher? The author’s name is visible, OR, if there is no author, the publisher is well known and respected.

(Note: The publisher’s name is usually at the bottom of the page by a copyright symbol; it may also appear on the company’s Wikipedia page or its “About” page.)

The author is an expert in the field. (Note: You might be able to check on this by reading author information at the bottom or top of an article, in the “About” section of the website, or through Wikipedia/Google.)

Is this website respectable? This website does not have too many ads, “click-bait” titles, or links that go to baloney like weight-loss

stuff, celebrity gossip, game apps, or dating tips/apps. This article is NOT a slide-show or “top-ten” style article (those are mindless clickbait!). This website looks professional and grown-up. This site is not bright/flashy/distracting, there is at least

as much text as picture/video, the writing does not contain stupid mistakes, and the language is serious and mature.

Is the article well-researched and not just opinion? Does the author cite his or her sources either through blue/underlined links that appear within the

source you read or in a sort of Works Cited at the bottom of the article/webpage? Does the article contain at least two of the following elements: facts, statistics, logical reasoning, and

expert opinions?

Do you trust this source? YES / NO

Look at the boxes you have checked off or left blank.If you are unsure whether to circle YES or NO, ask the instructor to look over the source.


*If something is missing, you SKIP IT.

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Author(s).Last, F.












expert opinions?




*If something is missing, you SKIP IT.Author(s).Last, F.


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expert opinions?



Extra Web EvaluationsSOURCE FOUR

CITATION INFO:

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DO YOU TRUST THE SOURCE? Why?

SOURCE FIVE

CITATION INFO:

DO YOU TRUST THE SOURCE? Why?

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NOTES (A)Source 1

Title of Article

Notes:

Source 2

Title of Article

Notes:

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NOTES (B)Source 3

Title of Article

Notes:

Source 4 (OPTIONAL)

Title of Article

Notes:

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NOTES (C)Source 5 (OPTIONAL)

Title of Article

Notes:

Source 6 (OPTIONAL)

Title of Article

Notes:

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BRAINSTORMINGTOPIC:

THESIS:

Write down three arguments that support your position.

Write down counter arguments (this is just for the sake of argument – you do not need to believe the arguments).

Now, brainstorm ways to (politely) shut down the counter arguments in the middle column.

1.

2.

3.

1.

2.

3.

1.

2.

3.

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Hand-Written Rough DraftHook: Capture audience attention & make people believe your issue is relevant/important

Thesis: State your position clearly and succinctly

Body One: State your first argument. Include facts, reasoning, and expert opinions.

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Body Two: Transition. Then state your second argument. Include facts, reasoning, and expert opinions.

Body Three: Transition. Then state an argument from the other side and politely explain why it should be disregarded.

Conclusion: Restate thesis and then give a “Call to Action” – inspire and encourage the audience to do something about this issue!

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Making an APA References Page

Formatting Basics

In APA, title this page References (plain/normal font & centered at top of page). Do not put any extra space between the title and entries or between entries. As with MLA, alphabetize, double space, and use hanging indents.Author Names

APA uses the author’s first and middle initials and last name; and it always inverts author’s first and last names (not just the first one).

Multiple authors? Keep inverting their names, and use & instead of “and.” More than seven authors? List the first six, then an ellipsis, and then the final author.Date of Publication

APA includes the date of publication in parenthesis. If it is a specific date, spell out the month, and write it in this order: (2002, April 16). If it’s just a year, put the year: (2002).

Title of Source

In titles, APA only capitalizes the first letter of the first word, the first word after a colon or a dash, and proper nouns.

Use italics for full-length works and container names (books, movies, websites, journals).

In the reference page (but not in the paper or parenthetical citation), titles of short works appear in plain font, without quotation marks or other formatting.

Title of Container

If there is a container, like the title of the website, journal, database, or textbook the source exists within, its title of this container is italicized. Also, for this container title, go back to title case capitalization: capitalize all words besides conjunctions and short prepositions.

Volume and Issue Number

If there is a volume number, it is italicized. If there is a journal number, put it in parentheses.Page Range

For the second-to-last part of the entry, we include the page range, if that is available.

Location

Now, if the source was found online, we have one final element to add; give the url for the Web publication or site that hosted the source). Notice there’s no period after the url.

EXAMPLE

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Harlow, H. F. (1983). Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal articles. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55(1), 893-896. Retrieved from http://sks.sirs.com/webapp/issues-researcher

APA References Examples

BOOK BY ONE AUTHOR

Author, A. A. (year of publication). Title of book. City of publication: Publisher.

Calfee, R. C. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication.

Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

BOOK BY TWO OR MORE AUTHORS

Author, A. A. & Author, B. B. (year of publication). Title of book. City of

publication: Publisher.

Calfee, R. C. & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal

Publication. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Barnes, J., Nichols, E. H., Sun, C. R., Berry, A., & Harlow, T. (1993). Self-esteem

stability. Boston: New Wave Book Publishers.

BOOK WITH NO KNOWN AUTHOR

Institutional author (year of publication). Title of book. City of publication:

Publisher.

American Allergy Association (1998). Allergies in Children. New York: Random House.

A WORK IN AN ANTHOLOGY OR COLLECTION

Author, A. A. (year of publication). Title of chapter or article. In Editor (Ed.), Title

of Book (pages of chapter or article). City of publication: Publisher.

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Gladwell, M. (2007). What the dog saw. In D. F. Wallace (Ed.), Best American Essays

2007 (86-102). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

ARTICLE IN A SCHOLARLY JOURNAL

Author, A. A. (year of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, Volume Number

(Issue Number), Pages.

Harlow, H. F. (1983). Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal articles.

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55 (1), 893-896.

ARTICLE OR PAGE ON A WEBSITE

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (date of publication). Title of article or page. Website

Title. Retrieved from http://Web address

Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderland, L., &

Brizee, A. (2010, September 5). General format. Purdue Owl. Retrieved from

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/

ARTICLE OR WEBPAGE WITH NO AUTHOR

All 33 Chile miners freed in flawless rescue. (2010, October 13). MSNBC. Retrieved

from http://www.msnbc. msn.com/id/39625809/ns/world_news-

americas/

ARTICLE IN A PAPER NEWSPAPER or ONLINE NEWSPAPER

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of Newspaper,

page(s).

Stewart, K. (2006, August 21). No time for sleeping. The New York Times, B1.

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of Newspaper.

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Retrieved from http://Web address

Parker-Pope, T. (2008, December 6). Psychiatry handbook linked to drug industry.

The New York Times. Retrieved from http://well.blogs.nytimes.com

Formatting an APA Essay

Title Page Check your font and spacing settings: double-spaced, 0/0, and TNR 12 font.

Now, hit enter (or “return”) until your cursor is 4.5 inches down—look at the ruler to check (it’s around 11 hits). Then, press ctrl+e to center the cursor.

On line one, type the title of your paper (use title-case). On line two, type your name (with middle initial). On line three, type the name of your school, Davenport Assumption.

Header Space Click on “insert,” “header,” and then choose “Blank, Three Columns.” Now, click in

the left-hand column, then type out the TITLE of your paper in ALL CAPS.

Only now can you do this: click the right-hand column, go to “insert,” and click the choice that adds a page number (choose the one that says “current position” & then “plain”). To finish, delete the middle column.

Abstract Click after the name of your school, hit enter, and then hit ctrl+enter. Now you are on

a new page. This is where you will write the abstract. If the professor requires an abstract, it should have approximately 100-200 words.

Summarize the material presented in the paper, including conclusions or findings. Start by writing the word “Abstract” on the first line of this page (centered & plain font, with no quotation marks around it). Now, hit enter only once. Left-align your cursor (no tab/indent for this paragraph).

Write about what the research showed and what the paper concludes. This is meant to be a concise summary of the key points of your research. It should be only one single paragraph.

Headings

Go onto a new page (hit enter, then do ctrl+enter; this skips to the next page). On the top of this page (the third page), you must type the title of your paper again; it should be centered, in plain font, and written in normal title-case.

Now, unlike MLA, APA uses headings. Main headings state the main idea of the paragraph, they use title case, and they are centered and bold, still using size 12 TNR font. Sample headings may say something like these: Introduction, Animal Testing

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Practices, Problems with Animal Testing, Alternatives to Animal Testing, Conclusion.

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The Basics of APA In-text Citation

Basic In-Text Citation format:

o Author present: (Smith, 2008, p. 32).

o No author present: (“Discipline in Schools,” 2018).

Already said the author’s name in a signal phrase? Skip it then!

o According to Dr. James Smith, in an article from the Journal of Scientific Research, “blah blah blah” (2008, p. 32).

o According to Dr. James Smith (2008), in an article from the Journal of Scientific Research, “blah blah blah” (p. 32).

o According to an article published in The New York Times this month , blah blah blah (Jones, 2018, A1 ).

o “87% of do dee dos, blah blah,” in the words of psychologist Jon Ash, published in the Journal of Adolescent Psychology (2014, pp. 13).

o Donitsa and Zuzovsky (2017) pointed out that…

o As Horn (1999) noted, “blah blah blah.”

No pages? – Skip the pages then!

o Option 1: Interestingly, the recent article from the pages of the Journal of Scientific Research contains new information about the subject: “blah blah blah” (Smith, 2008).

o Option 2: According to Dr. James Smith (2008), in an article from the Journal of Scientific Research, “blah blah blah.”

Institutional author? – List the organization or agency as the author.

There’s no author AND no institutional author? Give the title of the article in place of the author’s name.

o Option 1: According to “Word Magic” (2008), an article from the Journal of Scientific Research, “blah blah blah.”

o Option 2: Interestingly, the recent article from the pages of the Journal of Scientific Research contains new information about the subject: “blah blah blah” (“Word Magic,” 2008).

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Examples of APA In-Text Citation

APA SHORT QUOTATIONSEx 1: According to Jones (1998), “students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time” (p. 199).

Ex 2: She stated, “students often had difficulty using APA style,” but she did not offer an explanation as to why (Jones, 1998, p. 199).

Ex 3: “[S]tudents often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time,” argued Jones (1998, p. 199).

APA LONG QUOTATIONSDirect quotations of 40+ words go in a block of text without quotation marks.

Start the quotation on a new line and tab once (an indent of only 0.5” from the left margin).

Keep it double-spaced. The parenthetical citation comes after the closing punctuation mark.

Blah blah blah. This is all filler stuff just to show what it looks like. Do do do. Also,

the well-known teaching manual made a second interesting point:

Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their

first time citing sources. This difficulty could be attributed to the fact that

many students failed to purchase a style manual or ask their teacher for help.

(Jones, 1998, p. 199)

Do dee do dee do and blah blah. More stuff in my paragraph goes here.

QUOTING SOMEONE/SOMETHING QUOTED IN/BY THE SOURCETo talk about a work discussed within another work (a citation within a citation), cite ONLY the source you read in the References page, and then discuss the source like this in-text:

Foucault (as cited in Spivak, 1992) defines this as...

In the example above, Foucault = original / Spivak = secondary source (the one you were looking at)

PS: Don’t forget to say “quote” and “end quote,” aloud, when you are citing a

direct quote (something you took word-for-word) during a speech!

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Speech Delivery TipsSpeed: Most people speed up when they are nervous. Before you go, relax by taking deep breaths and imagining yourself doing a great job. When practicing alone, your time should be 1 minute greater than the goal. You will

speed up a little. The more you practice, the less nervous you will be. Pause to take a breath when you

need to!Filler Words: (Common fillers include um/uh, like, so, anyway, and you know.) We often use filler words when we are nervous; more practice will help you avoid

some of this. In everyday life, we often use fillers in an effort to ensure no one jumps in, takes

over, or interrupts us; you can try practicing avoiding these words by them with a simple pause or a breath instead.

Volume If you’re soft-spoken, it’s okay, but you must speak with energy and passion so your

voice will carry. On the flip side, no one likes to be shouted at. Pick a normal volume, and just project

your voice. Your throat will feel strained if you are yelling; if your throat hurts, try projecting by speaking/breathing from the chest/diaphragm (rather than from the head).

Clarity If there are words in your speech you have trouble pronouncing, practice saying them

correctly. You can also spell them out phonetically on your notecards! Don’t mumble or slur words; imagine you are pushing words out of your mouth, and

slow down.Eye Contact: Do not just read off your notes the whole time! Notes are not for you to read off your entire speech! They are there to help you

remember what’s next and to help you get facts, quotations, and verbal citations exactly correct.

Find a few friendly faces in the crowd, and make eye contact with them. If you really can’t do eye contact, try looking at people’s hair (or mouths), or look right above their heads.

Body Language: Nervous vs. Confident Nervous Actions: Pacing, swaying, slouching, crossing your arms over your chest or

stomach, putting your hand in your pocket, playing with clothing or hair, messing with your notecards.

Confident Actions: have a firm stance, only do a few steps one way or the other when you are transitioning in your speech, and make appropriate hand gestures.

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Practice Evaluation

Speaker: ______________________ Evaluator: ______________________

In a group of at least three people, read your speech aloud. You are Partner C… the reader. Partner A will fill out this evaluation for you (so, he or she is writing in YOUR packet). Partner B will hold up fingers for every minute that passes.

Check Mark = Good / X-Mark = Needs Work Comments

Speed:

did not talk too fast or rush

Filler Words:

did not say um or like more than just a couple of times

Volume:

was loud enough, but not weirdly loud

Clarity:

spoke clearly and pronounced words correctly

Eye Contact:

looked up more than he/she looked at his/her notes

Body Language:

body language is confident, not nervous

Preparedness:

did not pause more than once because he/she got lost

Time: ____________________________ (5-7 Minutes? Y / N )

A Message from Mrs. Lamp:

It is normal to be somewhat nervous about giving a speech! However, it is so important to your growth that you leave your comfort zone, and it is so important that you practice courage and resilience now, in a supportive place like a school. This is how you gain the confidence to face future challenges and obstacles on your own.

Speech Rubric

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Speaker: _________________ Topic: __________________________________Checkmark = YES X-mark = NEEDS WORK

Introduction captures attentionshows audience the issue is relevant or importantstates position on topic clearly and succinctly

1

Topic Sentences clear main ideas 1

Evidence powerful factslogical reasoningexpert opinions

3

Counter Argument states an argument from the other sidepolitely explains why that argument should be disregarded

1

Conclusion restates position strongly and clearlyinspires audience to do/think what he/she wantstells them what they can or should do now

1

Transitions uses transition words/phrases when moving on to a new pointuses transitions between different pieces of evidence

1

Verbal Citation tells listeners the source of each fact, statistic, or quote

cites aloud from at least three different sources

2

Vocal Delivery speaks clearly / pronunciation is correctvolume is appropriate & voice is not monotonousneither rushed nor haltingavoids both filler words & long pauses

4

Physical Delivery confident eye contact & does not stare at notecards too muchdoes not sway or pacemaintains good posture / does not slouch or lean on furnituredoes not fidget or play with clothing, hair, or notecards

4

TIME Speech must last 4-6 minutes without stalling 2Had to restart 2 or more times (-2)

Under 4 minutes or over 6 minutes (-2)

TOTAL: /20

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