Learner Name Company Name_______________________

Assessor Name____________________________Date Submitted_______________________

Anderson Stockley Accredited Training Ltd

Diploma in Medical Administration – 5528

Unit 265 – Medical Terminology

Unit Aim:The aim of this unit is to provide the learner with the knowledge and understanding to enable them to work as a medical receptionist/administrator within a range of medical environments.

In addition to the task below your assessor and/or observer may ask you to complete a variety of further types of evidence including; questions and answers, reflective accounts, expert witness testimonies and personal statements.

Please ask your assessor how to refer to criteria numbers in the standards.

The whole workbook along with any observations and all supporting evidence should be submitted when your assessor is satisfied that the evidence meets the requirements in full.

When completing these tasks please use additional pages if necessary. Please ensure you keep copies of ALL your work.

Where prompted within this workbook, please refer to the Unit Overview document, to view the relevant Appendix.

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Task 1 – Medical Word Parts (Unit 265 L/O 1 Know the structure and meaning of medical word parts)

1a. In the table below, the meanings of the word parts have been scrambled. Identify the correct meaning and write it in to column 3 (1.1):

Brady againstHyper artery

Itis SlowCerebro Puncture / tappingArterio Part of BrainOnycho painHaemo brain

Anti tonguePenia pregnancy

Gravida bloodOsteo Above/high

Encephalo

Inflammation ofGlosso Scanty / deficientProcto nailDynia bone

Phylaxis allPhasia Lack of / decrease

Centesis speechPan Protection / prevention

Oligo Anus / rectum

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1b. In the table below, the medical terms in column 2 have been scrambled. Identify the correct medical term and write it in to column 3. (1.2):

Surgical removal of the womb

Gastrectomy

Inflammation of the joints Cholecystectomy

Inflammation of the lymph glands

Bradycardia

Difficulty breathing Arteriosclerosis

Surgical removal of the gallbladder Lymphangitis

Surgical removal of the stomach

Splenomegaly

Enlargement of the liverScant

production of urine

Enlargement of the spleenBone loss

/decrease in bone density

Narrowing of an artery Arthritis

Slow heart rate Dyspnoea

Osteopenia hysterectomy

Oliguria Hepatitis

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1c. Match the following terms with their correct meanings. Place the number of the word listed in column A in the box against the appropriate meaning found in column B (1.2 / 2.1).

A B

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Endocarditis

Clavicle

Tibia

Hypertrophy

Leucorrhoea

Amenorrhoea

Atrophy

Femur

Anuria

Humerus

Thrombus

Collar bone

Inflammation of the lining of the heart

Wastage of an organ

Blood clot

Lower leg bone

White discharge

Thigh bone

Absence of menstruation/ period

Absence of urine production

Upper arm bone

Enlargement of an organ with its own tissue

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1d. State the meaning of the following word parts. Write your answers in the spaces provided. (See appendix 1)

Erythro

Anti

Semi

Colpo

Dys-

Cyano-

Blast

Nephro-

Neuro-

Pyro-

Mega

Paedo

Trophy

Gravida

Cryo

Ptosis

Stasis

Jejuno

Penia

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Task 2 - Human Body Systems(Unit 265 L/O 2 Know the meaning of medical terminology relating to the human body)

The Human Skull (Cranium)

2a. Using the terms provided in the table below, label the skull diagram (2.1):

Nasal bone Mandible Maxilla Eye socketOccipital bone Parietal bone Temporal bone Frontal bone

The Spinal Column

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2b. Label the diagram using the following terms (2.1):

Thoracic Vertebrae

Spinous Process Axis (2nd cervical) Sacral vertebrae

Transverse process

Cervical vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae

Intervertebral disc

Atlas (1st

cervical)Coccyx Coccygeal

vertebraeSacrum

Intervertebral Foramen (for spinal nerve)

Body (centrum) of vertebra

The Human Skeleton2c. Label the diagram (2.1)

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Common Diseases of Bone and Joints

2d. Research the following terms and write a short description in the box provided, including common diagnostic tests (2.1).

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Carpals

Clavicle

Cranium

Femur

Fibula

Humerus

Mandible

Metacarpals

Metatarsals

Patella

Pelvis

Phalanges

Phalanges

Radius

Ribs

Scapula

Spine

Sternum

Tarsals

Tibia

Ulna

Disease DescriptionOsteoporosis

Paget’s Disease of

bone

Rickets and Osteomalaci

a

Osteomyelitis

Developmental

Abnormalities of bone:

Achondroplasia

Tumours of bone

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Disease DescriptionInflammatory Arthritis

Gout

Connective Tissue

Disease

Carpal tunnel

syndrome

Developmental

Abnormalities of bone:

osteogenesis imperfecta

Osteoarthritis

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Blood and Cardiovascular System

The four main components of blood are shown in the diagram below:

Reference: Biology Mad, (2004). Components of blood, digital image. Available at: http://www.biologymad.com/

References

BBC Bitesize, (2017) Blood.Available at:

https://www.bbc.co.uk/education/guides/ztp9q6f/revision/2

Biology Mad, 2004. Blood and Circulation: http://www.biologymad.com/

NHS Blood and Transplant, (no date). Blood Plasma.Available at:

https://www.blood.co.uk/why-give-blood/how-blood-is-used/blood-components/plasma/

University of Rochester Medical Centre, (2017). What are platelets? https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?

ContentTypeID=160&ContentID=36

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2e. Complete the paragraphs using the words provided in the table above each section (2.1):

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)adaptations blood narrow biconcavehaemoglobin Transport flexible absorb

oxygen maximise protein absorption

Red blood cells have ________________ to enable them to _____________ oxygen for aerobic respiration. In order to do this, they must pass through ____________blood vessels, _________________ oxygen in the lungs, and release ________________ to respiring cells.

Structure they contain a red __________________, called haemoglobin, that combines with

oxygen they can contain more _________________________because they do not have a

nucleus they can fit through narrow ______________ vessels because they a very small

in size and are _____________ they _______________ their surface area by having a ________________ shape to

enable oxygen ________________

Reference: BBC Bitesize, (2017) Blood. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/education/guides/ztp9q6f/revision/2

Lymphocytes white different proteins destruction

recognise immune Phagocytes engulfedbacteria burst neutralise attach

The body’s __________________ system produces white blood cells to help fight infection. The body has different types of _________________ blood cells and approximately one quarter are lymphocytes which produce soluble ________________ called antibodies.

The body’s immune system can ______________ foreign antigens (pathogens – disease producing microorganisms). Antigens, such as ______________, are 12 | P a g e

substances found on the surface of cells. Different types of antibodies are produced, and they _____________ to _______________ antigens to ________________toxins produced by pathogens.

Other methods used for _________________ of pathogens includes:

causing bacteria to die by making them ___________ Assisting ________________ to locate the pathogen more easily by tagging it. Clumping pathogens together so that they can be _______________ more easily

by phagocytes.

Reference: BBC Bitesize, (2017) Blood. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/education/guides/ztp9q6f/revision/2

Phagocytesenclose blood phagocytosisingesting enzymes antibodiesimmune surrounding pathogens

The body’s __________________ system also produces white _________________ cells called phagocytes. They do not produce ___________________, but destroy ____________________________ through _______________________ them; this is called ____________________. Initially, the phagocyte will ____________________ the bacterial cell in a vacuole (a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid) after ________________________ it. The bacterial cell is destroyed by _____________________ that are secreted in to the vacuole.

Reference: BBC Bitesize, (2017) Blood. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/education/guides/ztp9q6f/revision/2

Thrombocytes / Platelets adhesion chemical rush sizesignals clots platelets spread

tentacles damaged form aggregation

To prevent bleeding, ___________ will _________ at the wound site to stop bleeding and aid healing. Tiny blood vessels called platelets, will pick up ___________ from _______________ blood vessels and then _________ to the site of the injury. Once there, _____________ occurs -they __________ across the damaged blood vessel and 13 | P a g e

stick to it using _____________. They call on other _____________, to increase the ___________ of the clot, using _____________ signals and this is called __________________.

Reference: University of Rochester Medical Centre, (2017). What are platelets? https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=160&ContentID=36

Blood Plasma

largest Haemophilia

immunoglobulins

common coagulate

Plasma Retained Proteins Particular circulatory

transport factors viruses enzymes contain

Blood ___________is a straw-coloured liquid, which contains over 700 ______________ and other substances and carries platelets, red and white blood cells. It is the ____________ single component of blood plasma and makes up just over half of total blood volume.

Plasma products can be grouped into three main types; clotting or coagulation factors, albumin solutions, immunoglobulins.

Platelets work together with clotting _____________(proteins) to clot blood. If people do not have all of the clotting factors in their blood, their blood will not _______________ (name for the complex process of blood clotting). This can cause disorders such as _______________ and Von Willebrand disease.

The most _____________ protein in blood plasma is called ‘Albumin’. It helps to carry substances around the body and maintain the right amount of fluid in the body’s circulation. Good circulation is needed to _______________ vital hormones, cells and ___________ to different organs and tissues of the body. If it is not working properly, the _________________ system starts to break down, with serious consequences such as fluids being _________________ in the cells.

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Immunoglobulins are a type of antibodies which are produced by the body to fight against invading ____________ or bacteria. _____________________, can be termed as specific and non-specific.Specific immunoglobulins contain high levels of antibody to a ________________ illness whilst non-specific immunoglobulins ______________ a wide variety of antibodies.

Reference: NHS Blood and Transplant, (no date). Blood Plasma. Available at: https://www.blood.co.uk/why-give-blood/how-blood-is-used/blood-components/plasma/

Common blood Disorders2f. Research the following terms and write a short description in the box provided, including common diagnostic tests (2.1).

Disease DescriptionThrombocytopenia

Thrombocytosis

Iron deficiency anaemia

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Disease DescriptionChronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Cardiovascular System

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The heart is a muscular organ that takes in deoxygenated blood through the veins and delivers it to the lungs for oxygenation, before pumping it into the various arteries to provide oxygen and nutrients to body tissues. It has a 3-layered wall.

2g. Label the heart diagram using the terms provided in the table below (2.1):

1. Aorta2. Superior Vena Cava3. Inferior Vena Cava4. Right Atrium5. Left Atrium6. Right Ventricle7. Left Ventricle

8. Tricuspid Valve9. Mitral Valve10. Apex11. Right Pulmonary Artery12. Right Pulmonary Veins13. Left Pulmonary Artery14. Left Pulmonary Veins

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2h. Label the circulatory System Diagram using the following terms (2.1):

capillary bed of lungs where gas exchange occurs

Capillary bed of all body tissues where gas exchange occurs

Left atrium Left ventricle Vena carvae

Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein Systemic arteries Systemic veins Right atrium Right ventricle Aorta and branches

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Common Cardiac Disorders

2i. Research the following terms and write a short description in the box provided, including common diagnostic tests (2.1).

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Oxygen (O2) poor / Carbon dioxide (CO2) rich blood

CO2 poor / O2 rich blood

Disease

DescriptionAt

hero

scle

rosis

Myo

card

ial I

nfar

ctio

n

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Disease

DescriptionHe

art F

ailu

reAr

rhyt

hmia

s

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The Lymphatic System The lymphatic system works together with the cardiovascular system to transport excess fluids (blood and lymph fluid) away from body tissues. As the lymph fluid travels through the lymphatic system, it travels through lymph vessels and passes through many lymph nodes. The lymph nodes filter and clean the lymph.

The immune system also produces /matures immune cells, which protect the body from pathogens (disease producing micro-organisms).

In addition, the lymphatic system transports absorbed fat from the digestive system to the body cells.

2j. Label the lymphatic System Diagram using the following terms (2.1):

Cervical lymph nodes Spleen Axillary nodes Right thoracic duct

Tonsil Thymus gland Inguinal lymph node Cysterna chyli

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Lymphatic System Disorders

2k. Complete the missing words using the terms provided below (2.1):

disease trauma nodes bowelStructural Infection malformation formedtonsillitis radiotherapy cancer fever

Common lymphatic system problems include; disease, _______________ and damage to the system or its ___________.

Glandular ________, where lymph nodes become tender, _______________ (inflammation of the tonsils) and the inflammatory ___________ disorder, Crohn’s Disease are all examples of infection related disorders of the lymphatic system.

Those related to ____________ include; Hodgkin’s disease which is a type of ____________ of the lymphatic system.

Those related to ____________________ or destruction or damage to the lymphatic system or its nodes include primary lymphoedema, where the lymphatic system has not _____________ properly and secondary lymphoedema when the lymphatic system gets damaged.

Damage to the lymphatic system can be caused by ____________________ or surgery, ______________ damage to soft tissues or when the lymphatic system has some other cause of ________________ or functional impairment.

Respiratory System

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The respiratory system consists of three mains parts; the airway, lungs, and the muscles of respiration.

The function of the human respiratory system is to transport air into the lungs, promote gaseous exchange in the alveoli (to facilitate the diffusion of Oxygen in to the blood stream and removal of Carbon-dioxide from the blood stream) and removal of waste

2l. Label the respiratory diagram below (2.1)

2m. Research the following terms and write a short description in the box provided, including common diagnostic tests (2.1).

Disease

Description

Asth

ma

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Disease

DescriptionCh

roni

c Ob

stru

ctiv

e Pu

lmon

ary

Dise

ase

Pneu

mon

ia

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Disease

DescriptionLu

ng T

issue

Dise

ases

The Digestive System

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2n. Complete the crossword using the clues provided (2.1):

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1. 2. 3. 4.

5.

6. 7. 8. 9.

10.

11.

12.

13. 14.

15. 16.

17.

18.

Across1. Also known as the colon (5,9).8. the opening and cavity in the lower part of the human face, surrounded by the lips, through which food is taken10 across and 12 down: a sac below the liver which stores and releases bile into the small intestine (4,7).11. organs in the human body which secrete particular chemical substances for use in the body.13. A large organ which makes bile that neutralises stomach acid and stores vitamins A,D,E,K.14. The function of these is to mechanically break down food by ripping, cutting and crushing.15. The opening at the end of the alimentary canal through which solid waste matter leaves the body.17. A muscular organ in the mouth that manipulates food for mastication.18. A part of the body that is a passage that

Down2 down and 5 across: a very common condition where this becomes swollen, sore or infected (3, 7).3. The duodenum, jejunum and ileum form this part of the digestive system.4. Lower part of the large intestine where faeces is stored.6. Gland that excretes fluid in to the oral cavity7. a gland below the stomach which makes enzymes that help break down food.9. The tube that links the mouth to the stomach.13. This is a tube about 2 inches (5cm) long in adults. It sits above the windpipe (trachea) in the neck and in front of the oesophagus.16. A muscular bag which churns food and contains hydrochloric acid

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leads from the mouth and nose to the oesophagus and the larynx

2o. Label the diagram of the digestive system (2.1).

2p. Research the following terms and write a short description in the box provided, including common diagnostic tests (2.1).

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Disease DescriptionGa

stro

esop

hage

al

Reflu

x Di

seas

eCr

ohns

Dise

ase

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Disease Description

Acut

e Ch

olec

ystit

is

Dive

rticu

lar D

iseas

e /D

iver

ticul

itis

Urinary System

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The urinary system plays an active role in removing waste products (urea) and assists in balancing glucose, minerals and water levels in the blood. Blood from the heart travels down the aorta where it enters the kidney via the renal arteries.2q. Label the urinary system diagram using the terms provided (2.1).

Bladder Urethra Ureter Adrenal glandaorta kidney urethra Vena cava

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From the heart to the

heart

2r. Label the kidney diagram using the terms provided (2.1).

Structure DescriptionRenal Pelvis Basin-like area that collects urine from the nephrons, it

narrows into the upper end of the ureter.Cortex The outer region of the kidney which contains about one

million blood filtering nephrons.Medulla Inner region of the kidney contains 8-12 renal pyramids.

The pyramids empty into the calyx.Ureter Collects filtrate and urine from renal pelvis and takes it to

the bladder for urination.Renal artery Branches off the aorta bringing waste-filled blood into the

kidney for filtering in the nephrons; the renal artery is further subdivided into several branches inside the kidney. Each minute, the kidneys receive 20% of the blood pumped by the heart. Some arteries nourish the kidney cells themselves.

Renal Vein Removes the filtered blood from the kidneys to the inferior vena cava.

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2s. Research the following terms and write a short description in the box provided, including common diagnostic tests (2.1).

Disease

Description

Chro

nic

Kidn

ey D

iseas

e Py

elon

ephr

itis

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Disease

DescriptionNe

phro

loth

iasis

(kid

ney

ston

es)

Inte

rstit

ial C

ystit

is

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Male and Female Reproductive System /Obstetrics

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6.

7. 8.

9. 10.

11. 12. 13. 14.

15. 16. 17. 18.

19.

20. 21. 22.

23.

24. 25. 26.

27. 28.

29. 30. 31.

32.

33.

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Down

1. These produce and store sperm and are also the body's main source of male hormones, such as testosterone.2. The opening of the cervix4. The passage leading from the uterus to the vulva 5. The term used to describe when the mucus plug dislodges from the cervix in pregnancy.7. The developing organism from the 4th

day after fertilisation to the end of the 8th week.9. A walnut-sized secretory organ located between the bladder and the penis.10. The duct by which urine is conveyed out of the body from the bladder.12. The lower, narrow part of the uterus (womb) that joins to the top of the vagina.13. The female organ where offspring gestate before birth.16. A surgical cut made at the opening of the vagina during childbirth, to aid a difficult delivery and prevent rupture of tissues.17. There are said to be 3 of these during labour.18. A flexible structure containing blood vessels which attaches a human foetus to the placenta during gestation.20. This term is defined as the number of births that a woman has had after 20 weeks gestation.21. Insufficient intake of iron is a common cause of this condition in pregnancy.23. The outer part of the female genitals.24. An unborn human - more than eight weeks after conception.25. The primary sexual organ that males use to inseminate females during copulation.26. A type of anaesthesia commonly given for pain relief in childbirth and in some types of surgery.27. the emergence of a baby from the body of its mother; the start of life as a

Across

3. The female reproductive organs (pair) in which ova or eggs are produced.6. A duct behind the testis, along which sperm passes to the vas deferens.8 and 22. A term for Entonox, a colourless, odourless gas made up of half oxygen and half nitrous oxide that is used for pain relief in childbirth. _______ and _______ (3,3).9. The area between the anus and the scrotum or vulva.11. A thin external sac of skin that is divided into two compartments; each compartment contains one of the two testes.14. The regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the inner lining of the uterus through the vagina.15. A surgical instrument, that resembles a pair of tongs, which can be used to assist the delivery of a baby as an alternative to the ventouse (vacuum extraction) method.19. A brand name for the drug sildenafil - used to enhance male potency.20. An organ in the uterus of pregnant woman, nourishing and maintaining the foetus through the umbilical cord.24. a pair of tubes along which eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus.27. Either of the pair of mammary glands.28. The acronym for the medical term for ‘breaking the waters’ to induce labour.29. These regular ultrasound tests are standard in pregnancy.30. This type of birth is one that occurs before the start of the 37th week of pregnancy.32. This term describes the total number of confirmed pregnancies that a woman has had, regardless of the outcome.33. This is the beginning of the first part of labour. It is a period of time that will not necessarily be continuous and is unique to each individual woman.

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physically separate being.31. Female reproductive cell which, after fertilisation, is capable of developing into a new member of the same species.

Task 3 – Medical Specialties(Unit 265 L/O 3 Know the meaning of medical terminology relating to the medical

specialties)

3a. Define the meaning of the following medical specialties: (See appendix 3) (3.1)

Radiology

Obstetrics

Neurology

Venereology

Paediatrics

Endocrinology

Cytology

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Cardiology

Task 4 - Human Body Systems(Unit 265 L/O 4 Know the meaning of pharmaceutical abbreviations)

4a. State the meaning of the following abbreviations - Latin meanings are not required (4.1) (See list in appendix 4):

REP

ON

STAT

IV

NSAID

TTA

QDS

PPI

TDS

POM

MCG

BD

AC

PCP

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Rx

Well done. You have completed the workbook.

Keep revising!

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