Semester 1 Physics Review Questions (Part 1) Retzlaff1)

If the average human life span is 82 years estimate the number of times Earth will rotate on its axis during a human's lifetime

2)

Suppose that an object travels from one point in space to another. Make a comparison between the displacement and the distance traveled if it takes an irregular path.

3)

You drive 6.00 km at 50.0 km/h and then another 6.00 km at 90.0 km/h. Your average speed over the 12.0 km drive will be _________.

4)

The slope of a line connecting two points on a position versus time graph represents the objects _______.

5)

The slope of a tangent line at a given time on a position versus time graph represent the objects _________

6)

The slope of a tangent line at a given time value on a velocity versus time graph gives ________.

7)

Suppose that an object is moving with constant acceleration. Describe what that means regarding the objects velocity, speed, displacement, and distance.

8)

Suppose that a car traveling to the East (+x direction) begins to slow down as it approaches a traffic light. Make a statement concerning the direction of its acceleration.

9)

Suppose that a car traveling to the West (-x direction) begins to slow down as it approaches a traffic light. Make a statement concerning the direction of its acceleration.

10)

The area under the curve of a velocity versus time graph gives represents the objects_________

11)

A car traveling with velocity v is decelerated by a constant acceleration of magnitude a. It travels a distance x before coming to rest. If its initial velocity were doubled, the distance required to stop would ____________

12)

A stone is thrown straight up. When it reaches its highest point, describe the velocity and acceleration of the stone.

13)

Suppose a ball is thrown straight up, reaches a maximum height, then falls to its initial height. Make a statement about the direction of the velocity and acceleration as the ball is going up.

14)

Two athletes jump straight up. John has twice the initial speed of Harry. Compared to Harry, John stays airborne _________ times as long.

15)

Ignoring air resistance, two objects are dropped from a bridge, an interval of 1.0 s apart. During the time that both objects continue to fall, their separation increases/decreased/remains the same. (choose one , explain)

Figure 2-2

16)

Figure 2-2 represents the position of a particle as it travels along the x-axis. What is the average velocity of the particle between t = 0 s and t = 3 s?

17)

Figure 2-2 represents the position of a particle as it travels along the x-axis. What is the average velocity of the particle between t = 2 s and t = 4 s?

Figure 2-5 18)

Figure 2-5 shows the velocity-versus-time graph for a basketball player traveling up and down the court in a straight-line path. Find the displacement of the player for each of the segments A, B, C and D.

Figure 2-6

19)

Refer to Figure 2-6. If you start from the Bakery, travel to the Cafe, and then to the Art Gallery, what is the distance you have traveled?

Figure 2-7

20) Figure 2-7 represents the position of a particle as it travels along the x-axis. What is the magnitude of the average velocity of the particle between t = 1 s and t = 4 s

Figure 2-8

21) Figure 2-8 represents the position of a particle as it travels along the x-axis. At what value of t is the speed of the particle equal to zero?

22)

Figure 2-8 represents the position of a particle as it travels along the x-axis. How does the instantaneous speed of the particle when t = 2 s compare with its speed when t = 4 s?

Figure 2-9

23)

Figure 2-9 represents the velocity of a particle as it travels along the x-axis. What is the average acceleration of the particle between t = 1 second and t = 4 seconds?

Figure 2-10

24)

Figure 2-10 shows the velocity-versus-time graph for a basketball player traveling up and down the court in a straight-line path. Find the net displacement of the player for the 10 s shown on the graph.

25)

Figure 2-10 shows the velocity-versus-time graph for a basketball player traveling up and down the court in a straight-line path. Find the total distance run by the player in the 10 s shown in the graph.

26)

An airplane starts from rest and accelerates at 10.8 m/s2. What is its speed at the end of a 400. m-long runway?

27)

A car is moving with a speed of 32.0 m/s. The driver sees an accident ahead and slams on the brakes, giving the car a deceleration of 3.50 m/ . How far does the car travel after the driver put on the brakes before it comes to a stop?

28)

A car is traveling with a constant speed when the driver suddenly applies the brakes, giving the car a deceleration of 3.50 m/s2. If the car comes to a stop in a distance of 30.0 m, what was the car's original speed?

29)

An object is thrown upwards with a speed of 14 m/s. How high above the projection point does it reach?

30)

An object is thrown upwards with a speed of 14 .0 m/s. How long does it take it to reach its maximum height?

31)

An object is thrown up with a speed of 14 m/s. How high above the projection point is it after 0.50 s?

32)

Two objects are dropped from a bridge, an interval of 1.00 s apart. What is their separation 1.00 s after the second object is released?

33)

To determine the height of a bridge above the water, a person drops a stone and measures the time it takes for it to hit the water. If the time is 2.3 s, what is the height of the bridge?

34)

To determine the height of a bridge above the water, a person drops a stone and measures the time it takes for it to hit the water. If the height of the bridge is 41 m, how long will it take for the stone to hit the water?

Figure 2-26 35)

The golfer in Figure 2-26 sinks the ball in two putts, as shown. What is (a) the distancetraveled by the ball, and (b) the displacement of the ball?

36)

A tennis player moves back and forth along the baseline while waiting for her opponent to serve, producing the position-versus-time graph shown in Figure 2-30. (a) Without performing a calculation, indicate on which of the segments of the graph, A, B, or C, the player has the greatest speed. Calculate the player's speed for (b) segment A, (c) segment B, and (d) segment C, and show that your results verify your answers to part (a).

Figure 2-30

37)

A motorcycle moves according to the velocity-versus-time graph shown in Figure 2-31. Find the average acceleration of the motorcycle during each of the following segments of the motion: (a) A, (b) B, and (c) C.

2-31

38)

A person on horseback moves according to the velocity-versus-time graph shown in Figure 2-32. Find the displacement of the person for each of the following segments ofthe motion: (a) A, (b) B, and (c) C.

Figure 2-32

39)

As a train accelerates away from a station, it reaches a speed of 4.7 m/s in 5.0 s. If the train’s acceleration remains constant, what is its speed after an additional 6.0 s has elapsed?

40)

Coasting due west on your bicycle at 8.4 m/s, you encounter a sandy patch of road 7.2 m across. When you leave the sandy patch your speed has been reduced by 2.0 m/s to 6.4 m/s . (a) Assuming the sand causes a constant acceleration, what was the bicycle's acceleration in the sandy patch? Give both magnitude and direction. (b) How long did it take to cross the sandy patch? (c) Suppose you enter the sandy patch with a speed of only 5.4 m/s. Is your final speed in this case 3.4 m/s, more than 3.4 m/s, or less than 3.4 m/s? Explain.

41)

A model rocket rises with constant acceleration to a height of 3.2 m, at which point its speed is 26.0 m/s . (a) How much time does it take for the rocket to reach this height? (b) What was the magnitude of the rocket’s acceleration? (c) Find the height and speed of the rocket 0.10 s after launch.

42)

A car in stop-and-go traffic starts at rest, moves forward 13 m in 8.0 s, then comes to rest again. The velocity-versus-time plot for this car is given in Figure 2-33. What distance does the car cover in (a) the first 4.0 seconds of its motion and (b) the last 2.0 seconds of its motion? (c) What is the constant speed V that characterizes the middle portion of its motion?

Figure 2-33 43)

A model rocket blasts off and moves upward with an acceleration of 12 m/s2 until it reaches a height of 26 m, at which point its engine shuts off and it continues its flight in free fall. (a) What is the maximum height attained by the rocket? (b) What is the speed of the rocket just before it hits the ground? (c) What is the total duration of the rocket's flight?

44)

Which quantities that we have used this year in Physics is a scalar quantity?

45)

Which quantities that we have used this year in Physics is a vector quantity?

46)

Using direction and velocity, describe conditions in which a car would have a westward acceleration?

47)

A soccer player carries the ball for a distance of 40.0 m in the direction 42.0° west of south. Find the westward component of the ball's displacement.

Figure 3-5

48)

Refer to Figure 3-5. The components of the sum of these vectors are ______

49)

A skateboarder rolls from rest down an inclined ramp that is 15.0 m long and inclined above the horizontal at an angle of θ20.0. When she reaches the bottom of the ramp 3.00 s later her speed is 10.0 m/s . Show that the average acceleration of the skateboarder is g sinθ, where g 9.81 m /s2.

50)

For projectile motion launched at an angle, the horizontal component of a projectile's velocity __________.

51)

For general projectile motion, which statement is true when the projectile is at the highest point of its trajectory? A) The horizontal and vertical components of its velocity are zero.

B) Its velocity and acceleration are both zero. C) Its velocity is perpendicular to the acceleration. D) The horizontal component of its velocity is zero. E) Its acceleration is zero

52)

For a projectile launched horizontally, describe what happens to the vertical component of a projectile's velocity with no air resistance.

53)

A pilot drops a bomb from a plane flying horizontally at a constant speed. Neglecting air resistance, where will the horizontal location of the plane be when the bomb hits the ground? (relative to the bomb)

54)

A rock is thrown at 60° above the horizontal with a velocity of 40m/s. It reaches its highest point and starts falling down. What is the velocity of the rock at the highest point of its trajectory?

55)

A student kicks a soccer ball in a high arc toward the opponent's goal. Neglecting air resistance, describe the velocity and acceleration on its way up in its trajectory.

56)

A projectile is launched with an initial velocity of 80 m/s at an angle of 30° above the horizontal. Neglecting air resistance, what is the horizontal component of the projectile's acceleration?

57)

A bullet is fired from ground level with a speed of 150 m/s at an angle 30.0° above the horizontal at a location where g = 10.0 m/s2. What is the horizontal component of its velocity when it is at the highest point of its trajectory?

58)

A bullet is fired from ground level with a speed of 150 m/s at an angle 30.0° above the horizontal at a location where g = 10.0 m/ . What is the vertical component of its velocity when it is at the highest point of its trajectory?

59)

Mary and Debra stand on a snow-covered roof. They both throw snowballs with the same initial speed, but in different directions. Mary throws her snowball downward, at 30° below the horizontal; Debra throws her snowball upward, at 30°. When the snowballs reach the ground below, which one hits first and which one is faster at contact?

60)

An ant travels straight north at 0.03 m/s for 2.5 s, then straight west at 0.04m/s for 3.0s, then travels 30° west of south at 0.02m/s for 10.s. What is the magnitude and direction of the ant’s resultant displacement.

61)

The horizontal and vertical components of the initial velocity of a football are 16 m/s and 20 m/s respectively. How long does it take for the football to rise to the highest point of its trajectory?

62)

A bullet is fired with a certain velocity at an angle θ above the horizontal at a location where g = 10.0 m/s2. The initial x and y components of its velocity are 86.6 m/s and 50.0 m/s respectively. At what angle is the bullet fired above the horizontal?

63)

A bullet is fired from ground level with a certain velocity at an angle θ above the horizontal at a location where g = 10.0 m/s2. The initial x and y components of its velocity are 86.6 m/s and 50.0 m/s respectively. How long does it take before the bullet hits the ground, neglect air resistance?

64)

A ball rolls over the edge of a table with a horizontal velocity v m/s. The height of the table is 1.6 m and the horizontal range of the ball from the base of the table is 20 m. What is the magnitude and direction of the ball's acceleration right before it touches the ground, neglecting air resistance?

65)

A ball is thrown horizontally with an initial velocity of 40 m/s from a height of 10. m. How long will it take for the ball to touch the ground, neglecting air resistance?

66)

A ball rolls over the edge of a building with a horizontal velocity 3.20 m/s. The horizontal range of the ball from the base of the table is 20.0 m. How tall is the building, neglecting air resistance?