중저준위 방사성폐기물 관리방안(radwaste treatment system for vhtr)
Post on 30-Dec-2015
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DESCRIPTION
Low Level Radioactive Waste Treatment SystemTRANSCRIPT
이정창
㈜ KONES Corporation
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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리
Overview
중 저준위 방사성폐기물 처리계통은
Liquid Radwaste System (LRS)
Gaseous Radwaste System (GRS)
Solid Radwaste System (SRS)으로 구성됨
Radioactive Waste Radwaste
방사성물질 방출로 인한 총 소외선량이 ALARA에 적합하도록 설계
Holdup Tank 및 Sump를 제외하고는 Radioactive Waste Management
Building에 위치
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MHTGR PWR
10CFR20 Standards for
Protection Against Radiation
10CFR50 App. I Numerical
Guides for Design Objectives and
Limiting Conditions for Operation to
Meet the Criterion "As Low as is
Reasonably Achievable" for Radioactive
Material in Light-Water-Cooled Nuclear
Power Reactor Effluents
10CFR100 Reactor Site
Criteria
Liquid Radioactive Waste Processing
System for Light Water Reactor Plants,
ANSI/ANS-55.6, 1993.
Gaseous Radioactive Waste
Processing System for Light Water
Reactor Plants, ANSI/ANS-55.4, 1993.
Solid Radioactive Waste Processing
System for Light Water Reactor Plants,
ANSI/ANS-55.1, 1992.
Applicable Codes & Standards
초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리
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번호 고시번호 고시명
1 2011-7 방사선 안전관리 등의 기술기준에 관한 규칙
2 2012-49 방사성물질등의 포장 및 운반에 관한 규정
3 2012-53 중․저준위 방사성폐기물 인도 규정
4 2012-59 방사성폐기물의 자체처분에 관한 규정
5 2012-60 중·저준위 방사성폐기물 소각기준
6 2012-62 방사성폐기물 처리설비의 구조 및 설비에 관한 기술기준
7 2013-49 방사선방호 등에 관한 기준
8 규칙 3 원자로시설 등의 기술기준에 관한 규칙
9 지침 제12장 방사성폐기물 계통
초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리
국내 관련법
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Safety Class
Quality Class
Seismic Category
Electrical Class
LRS NNS T/S II/III Non-1E GRS NNS T/S II/III Non-1E SRS NNS T/S II/III Non-1E
System & Equipment Classification
초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리
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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리 및 저장
Liquid Radwaste System
Source: Potential Radioactive Contaminated Drains
Source에 따라 각 각의 Receiver Tank에 저장 (3 or 4 Tanks)
Receiver Tank는 충분한 용량을 가지며 Leakage를 수용하도록 Room배치
Flexible Design – Common Header
Filtering - Demineralizing
Components shall be Redundant – Reliability & On-line maintenance
Effluent Monitoring
Dilution and Release
Recycling
Chemical Waste는 중화후 고화처리
Reference P&ID
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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리
Gaseous Radwaste System Primary radioactive gaseous inputs to the GRS:
• Helium purification system off gas • Fuel handling system purge gas • Instrument purge gas • Effluents from the shutdown heat removal loop
Non-radioactive Gas – Treated by Reactor Building Ventilation System
If High Radiation Signal Diverted to Gas Waste Compressor
Low Level Gas Waste – Temporary Storage for Activity Decay –Release to
Reactor Building Ventilation System
High Level Gas Waste – Waste Surge Tank and/or Charcoal Adsorber for
Activity Decay (1 Year) –Release to Reactor Building Ventilation System
Reference P&ID
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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리
Solid Radwaste System
Wet Source : Spent Resin Slurry, High Conductivity Liquid Waste
Dry Source : High Temperature Filter, Spent Filter Cartridge, Compressible
Wastes (Rags, Paper, Clothing etc), HEPA and Charcoal Filtration Unit
Spent Reflector Blocks
Volume Reduction – Compactor
Airborne Contamination is minimized – Filtered Vent to Radwaste Building
HVAC System
Separate High Activity Level and Low Activity Level Drums
Area Radiation Monitoring
Reference P&ID
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Source SRS Annual Volume(m3/yr)
VHTR (600MW)
영광 5,6 (1000MW)
신월성1,2 (1000MW)
신울진 1,2 (1400MW)
Spent Filter 외 52 155.43 160.34 224.87
Discharge Volumes for the Solid Radwaste System
초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리
VHTR 52m3 중 30m3이 Spent Reflector Block Graphite (NGNP End-Products Study, General Atomics, 911106, Rev.0) 신월성1,2 연간 예상 발생량 160.34m3(801Drums)이나 실제 207
Drum(신고리1,2 2011년도)
Graphite Quantity in a HTR / VHTR GT-MHR VHTR
Fuel blocksweight (tons) 89 370
Lifespan (years) 3 3Replaceable reflectors blocks
weight (tons) 353 670Lifespan (years) 6 15
Permanent reflectors blocksweight (tons) 258 230
Lifespan (years) 60 60
Fuel Compactsweight (tons) 27 -
Lifespan (years) 3 -
Total (without compacts) after 60 yearsweight (tons) 5568 10310
GT-MHR data : NT DER/STR/Dir/2002/002VHTR data : pr? entation by FRAMATOME-ANP (Feb. 11th, 2003)
초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리
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Graphite Disposal Option 1. Conventional Burial Option
Land Disposal
Sea Dumping
Stabilization & Packaging
2. Preparative Treatment
Separation of Graphite from other Materials
Conditioning of Disposal
Preparative Treatment prior to Re-processing
3. Incineration
4. Chemical Decontamination
5. Mobilization of Isotopes by Heating & Grinding
초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리
초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 저장
6. Pyrolysis and Steam Reformation
7. Vitrification
8. Recycling and Reuse
9. Carbon-14 Isotope Separation Technique
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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 저장
Overview
Radioactive Waste management Building은
Liquid Radwaste System
Gaseous Radwaste System
Solid Radwaste System 기기들을 수용함
Seismic Category II, Quality Class T로 설계
Grade-founded, Reinforced Concrete and Steel Structure
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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 저장
Functions and Design Criteria
Spatially Accommodate and Arrange, Structurally Support the Radwaste
System & Components
Protects from Various Hazards both Internally and Externally Generated
Limit or Control the Spread of Contamination
Adequate Resistance to Fire and Limit Fire Propagation from one Cubicle to
Another
Resist any Credible Sabotage Threats
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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 저장
Arrangement
Reference Plant : Standard Modular HTGR (350MWt X 4 Unit)
Size : 35m long X 30.5m wide (cf. 영광5,6: 77m long X 29m wide)
Section : 3 Floors (cf. 영광5,6: 6 Floors)
15 US tone Bridge Crane is provided to handle Drums
High Activity Level Drums : Stored in a Shielded Area(10 Drums)
Low Activity Level Drums : Stored in the Shipping Area(65 Drums)
Storage Space is controlled by Drums and Reflector Blocks
Reference GA Drawings
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