중저준위 방사성폐기물 관리방안(radwaste treatment system for vhtr)

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Low Level Radioactive Waste Treatment System

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Page 1: 중저준위 방사성폐기물 관리방안(Radwaste Treatment System for VHTR)

이정창

㈜ KONES Corporation

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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리

Overview

중 저준위 방사성폐기물 처리계통은

Liquid Radwaste System (LRS)

Gaseous Radwaste System (GRS)

Solid Radwaste System (SRS)으로 구성됨

Radioactive Waste Radwaste

방사성물질 방출로 인한 총 소외선량이 ALARA에 적합하도록 설계

Holdup Tank 및 Sump를 제외하고는 Radioactive Waste Management

Building에 위치

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MHTGR PWR

10CFR20 Standards for

Protection Against Radiation

10CFR50 App. I Numerical

Guides for Design Objectives and

Limiting Conditions for Operation to

Meet the Criterion "As Low as is

Reasonably Achievable" for Radioactive

Material in Light-Water-Cooled Nuclear

Power Reactor Effluents

10CFR100 Reactor Site

Criteria

Liquid Radioactive Waste Processing

System for Light Water Reactor Plants,

ANSI/ANS-55.6, 1993.

Gaseous Radioactive Waste

Processing System for Light Water

Reactor Plants, ANSI/ANS-55.4, 1993.

Solid Radioactive Waste Processing

System for Light Water Reactor Plants,

ANSI/ANS-55.1, 1992.

Applicable Codes & Standards

초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리

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번호 고시번호 고시명

1 2011-7 방사선 안전관리 등의 기술기준에 관한 규칙

2 2012-49 방사성물질등의 포장 및 운반에 관한 규정

3 2012-53 중․저준위 방사성폐기물 인도 규정

4 2012-59 방사성폐기물의 자체처분에 관한 규정

5 2012-60 중·저준위 방사성폐기물 소각기준

6 2012-62 방사성폐기물 처리설비의 구조 및 설비에 관한 기술기준

7 2013-49 방사선방호 등에 관한 기준

8 규칙 3 원자로시설 등의 기술기준에 관한 규칙

9 지침 제12장 방사성폐기물 계통

초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리

국내 관련법

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Safety Class

Quality Class

Seismic Category

Electrical Class

LRS NNS T/S II/III Non-1E GRS NNS T/S II/III Non-1E SRS NNS T/S II/III Non-1E

System & Equipment Classification

초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리

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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리 및 저장

Liquid Radwaste System

Source: Potential Radioactive Contaminated Drains

Source에 따라 각 각의 Receiver Tank에 저장 (3 or 4 Tanks)

Receiver Tank는 충분한 용량을 가지며 Leakage를 수용하도록 Room배치

Flexible Design – Common Header

Filtering - Demineralizing

Components shall be Redundant – Reliability & On-line maintenance

Effluent Monitoring

Dilution and Release

Recycling

Chemical Waste는 중화후 고화처리

Reference P&ID

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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리

Gaseous Radwaste System Primary radioactive gaseous inputs to the GRS:

• Helium purification system off gas • Fuel handling system purge gas • Instrument purge gas • Effluents from the shutdown heat removal loop

Non-radioactive Gas – Treated by Reactor Building Ventilation System

If High Radiation Signal Diverted to Gas Waste Compressor

Low Level Gas Waste – Temporary Storage for Activity Decay –Release to

Reactor Building Ventilation System

High Level Gas Waste – Waste Surge Tank and/or Charcoal Adsorber for

Activity Decay (1 Year) –Release to Reactor Building Ventilation System

Reference P&ID

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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리

Solid Radwaste System

Wet Source : Spent Resin Slurry, High Conductivity Liquid Waste

Dry Source : High Temperature Filter, Spent Filter Cartridge, Compressible

Wastes (Rags, Paper, Clothing etc), HEPA and Charcoal Filtration Unit

Spent Reflector Blocks

Volume Reduction – Compactor

Airborne Contamination is minimized – Filtered Vent to Radwaste Building

HVAC System

Separate High Activity Level and Low Activity Level Drums

Area Radiation Monitoring

Reference P&ID

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Source SRS Annual Volume(m3/yr)

VHTR (600MW)

영광 5,6 (1000MW)

신월성1,2 (1000MW)

신울진 1,2 (1400MW)

Spent Filter 외 52 155.43 160.34 224.87

Discharge Volumes for the Solid Radwaste System

초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리

VHTR 52m3 중 30m3이 Spent Reflector Block Graphite (NGNP End-Products Study, General Atomics, 911106, Rev.0) 신월성1,2 연간 예상 발생량 160.34m3(801Drums)이나 실제 207

Drum(신고리1,2 2011년도)

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Graphite Quantity in a HTR / VHTR GT-MHR VHTR

Fuel blocksweight (tons) 89 370

Lifespan (years) 3 3Replaceable reflectors blocks

weight (tons) 353 670Lifespan (years) 6 15

Permanent reflectors blocksweight (tons) 258 230

Lifespan (years) 60 60

Fuel Compactsweight (tons) 27 -

Lifespan (years) 3 -

Total (without compacts) after 60 yearsweight (tons) 5568 10310

GT-MHR data : NT DER/STR/Dir/2002/002VHTR data : pr? entation by FRAMATOME-ANP (Feb. 11th, 2003)

초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리

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Graphite Disposal Option 1. Conventional Burial Option

Land Disposal

Sea Dumping

Stabilization & Packaging

2. Preparative Treatment

Separation of Graphite from other Materials

Conditioning of Disposal

Preparative Treatment prior to Re-processing

3. Incineration

4. Chemical Decontamination

5. Mobilization of Isotopes by Heating & Grinding

초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 처리

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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 저장

6. Pyrolysis and Steam Reformation

7. Vitrification

8. Recycling and Reuse

9. Carbon-14 Isotope Separation Technique

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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 저장

Overview

Radioactive Waste management Building은

Liquid Radwaste System

Gaseous Radwaste System

Solid Radwaste System 기기들을 수용함

Seismic Category II, Quality Class T로 설계

Grade-founded, Reinforced Concrete and Steel Structure

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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 저장

Functions and Design Criteria

Spatially Accommodate and Arrange, Structurally Support the Radwaste

System & Components

Protects from Various Hazards both Internally and Externally Generated

Limit or Control the Spread of Contamination

Adequate Resistance to Fire and Limit Fire Propagation from one Cubicle to

Another

Resist any Credible Sabotage Threats

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초고온가스로에서의 중저준위 방사성폐기물 저장

Arrangement

Reference Plant : Standard Modular HTGR (350MWt X 4 Unit)

Size : 35m long X 30.5m wide (cf. 영광5,6: 77m long X 29m wide)

Section : 3 Floors (cf. 영광5,6: 6 Floors)

15 US tone Bridge Crane is provided to handle Drums

High Activity Level Drums : Stored in a Shielded Area(10 Drums)

Low Activity Level Drums : Stored in the Shipping Area(65 Drums)

Storage Space is controlled by Drums and Reflector Blocks

Reference GA Drawings

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