Prepared By:Ala’a Ali Tayem Abed

Computed Tomography II

RAD 473

Lecture 7, 8

CHEST CT SCAN

Chest CT Is Used To:1. Examine Abnormalities found on conventional chest x-rays.2. Help diagnose the causes of clinical signs or symptoms of disease of the chest, such

as cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, or fever.3. Detect and evaluate the extent of tumors that arise in the chest, or tumors that have

spread there from other parts of the body.4. Assess whether tumors are responding to treatment.5. Evaluate injury to the chest, including the heart, blood vessels, lungs, ribs and spine.

Chest CT Can Demonstrate Various Lung Disorders, Such As:6. Lung cancer.7. Pneumonia.8. Tuberculosis.9. Emphysema.10.Bronchiectasis.11.Congenital Abnormalities.

A CT angiogram (CTA) may be performed to evaluate the blood vessels (arteries and veins) in the chest. This involves the rapid injection of an iodine-containing fluid (contrast material) into a vein while obtaining CT images.

Image Display Settings

Lung Window:o WW 1000 to 1500 HUo WL - 500 to - 700 HU

Mediastinum Window :o WW 350 to 500HUo WL 30 to 50HU

Chest CT Without Contrast• Patient Position: Supine and arms elevated above head.• Scout (Tomogram): From lung Apices to below diaphragm.• Breath Hold: Inspiration.• Slice Thickness: 7- 10 mm (3-5 mm for small lesions).• Soft tissue widow and Lung widow, Bone window if needed.

Chest CT With Contrast• Contrast: Omni 300, 120 ml.• Contrast Rate: 2.5 to 3.0 cc per sec. • Contrast delay: 50sec.

CT Angiogram Chest • PE, Aortic Dissection. • Slice Thickness: 2.5 – 3 mm. • Contrast: Omni 350, 120 - 150ml.• Contrast Rate: 4 – 5 cc per sec. • Contrast delay: : 10 – 18 seconds, or bolus tracking.

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CT Scan Injector

CT Chest 'High Resolution' Indications: Lung parenchyma only, lung diseases e.g. :-1. Bronchiectasis.2. Pulmonary Fibrosis.3. Emphysema. • Slice Thickness: 0.625 - 1.25 mm.• Lung windows only . • Contrast: None.

Pneumonia

Tuberculosis

Emphysema

Pulmonary Fibrosis

Pleural Effusion

Enhanced CT scan of the chest shows large, septated anterior mediastinal mass containing fat and bony elements.

This CT image of the chest shows a large malignant mass (purple) in one lung.

Masses

Axial CT scan in with malignant melanoma shows multiple round nodules and masses of varying sizes in both lungs, consistent with metastases. There are also small bilateral pleural effusions.

Lung Metastases

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Axial CT images show three fractures involving the sixth, seventh, and ninth ribs (arrows).

Fractures

Serial rib fractures which did not heal well (ribs 7-11 on the left side).

Fractures

Aortic Aneurysm

The CT scan will show the Aortic dissection.

Pulmonary Embolism

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