{ gettysburg address gettysburg address by erica hsieh, david, rice ethan bumpers, and zoe...
TRANSCRIPT
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Gettysburg Address
By Erica Hsieh, David, Rice Ethan Bumpers, and Zoe Goldberger
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Battle of Gettysburg
•July 1, 1863•Three days long•Army of North Virginia under the Confederate General Robert E. Lee•Army of Potomac under the command of Union Maj. Gen. George G. Meade and General Reynolds, who died in battle
The Battle of Gettysburg Repulse of Longstreet's Assault, by James Walker, oil on canvas
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
GettysburgAntietam
Vicksburg
North
4,708 killed 12,693 wounded
5,830 captured or missing23,231 total amount casualties
The Battle of Gettysburg
Robert E. Lee
George G. Meade
South 3,155 killed 14,531 wounded 5,369 captured or missing 23,055 total casualties
Casualties
Robert F. Reynolds
Reynolds and Meade were
about 10th in a long line of
Union generals, and all had been
fired.
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
The Battlefields
•July 3rd, 1863•Infantry assault called Pickett's Charge.•Lee ordered Pickett’s Charge on General Meade and Union forces at Cemetery Hill, forced Confederates to charge uphill into open gunfire, a suicide mission, killing 40% of the Confederates
Cemetery Hill
Timothy H. O’Sullivan, 1863•Dead Confederates without shoes, because the survivors
needed them•Their pockets are turned inside out: survivors did not stop at shoes
A Harvest of Death
“A battle has been often the subject of elaborate description; but it can be described in one simple word, devilish! and the distorted dead recall the ancient legends of men torn in pieces by the savage wantonness of fiends”-Alexander Gardner, caption for photo in
Gardner’s Photographic Sketchbook of the War, published 1865-1866
Siege of Vicksburg• May 11-June
4• Union victory• By the time of
the Address, Vicksburg, too, had be won: more support for Lincoln
A Turning Point: Battle and Speech• Union had been losing battles, and their
only “victory”, at Antietam, was a stalemate. Gettysburg was their first big victory.
• Most presidential speeches are boring, and long. The Gettysburg Address is short, eloquent, poetic, and graceful.
• The speech told the public why America was special, and worth fighting for.
Gettysburg Address
Themes• New birth of Freedom
• War is about slavery
• Union must be saved (Nationalism)
• Valor of all who fought
• War must be won
Effect• “All men are created equal” became
rallying cry for the last three years of the
war
• Last line is the definition of Democracy we
use today
• Turned tide of popular sentiment against
the south even further
• Made even more Union troops angry
because they thought they were fighting
for the Union not slavery
New birth of freedom• The Gettysburg Address made the war
ABOUT slavery.
• “New Birth of Freedom” turned the Civil
War into a labor that would end with
another chance to follow through with the
idea that “all men are created equal.”
Equal Rights• The Gettysburg address states that the union is
fighting for a sense of equality between men.
• Throughout history equality has been extended to include more groups of people.
Rich white men
All white men
All men, re
gardless of color
Men and women
• This famous phrase marks Lincoln’s theme of
democracy due to its themes of letting the
people rule the government that rules them.
• Theme running through American history even
years prior to the Gettysburg Address. For
example, in the Massachusetts senator Daniel
Webster’s debate with South Carolina Senator
Haynes, in 1830
“…of the people, by the people, for the people…”
Daniel Webster, Massachusetts Senator, who, by popular opinion, might have become President, said, in 1830, that government and the source of its power is:
“…that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from this earth”
NOT A NEW IDEA
"the people's constitution, the people's government; made for the people, made by the people, and answerable to the people”
GOVERNMENT
1) What military tactic did Lee employ that killed 40% of his men?
a) Fence Chargec) Lattice Warfare
b) Pickett’s Charge
d) Lickety Fudge
MINI-QUIZWARNING!!!
2) Which of the following statements is wrong?
a) The Gettysburg Address defined Democracy as nobody had before
c) Lee led the Confederates and Meade the Union at the battle of Gettysburg
b)Lincoln used “Four score and seven years” instead of “87” because is sounded better
d) The battle ended just before the Fourth of July
MINI-QUIZWARNING!!!
MINI-QUIZWARNING!!!
2) SHOUT IT OUT: which generals were at the Battle of Gettysburg?
Le
eReynolds
GrantU
lyss
es
Robert
ReynoldsMorrisonW
infi
eld
Sco
tt
Johnston
Twiggs
Robert E. LeeGeorge G. Meade
Robert F. Reynolds
Any questions?
And now for the Harkness…