συναρτήσεις στο excel
DESCRIPTION
συναρτήσεις στο excelTRANSCRIPT
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Excel
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:
Excel
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Excel ,
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Excel
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Financial () Logical () Text () Date & Time ( ) Lookup & Reference ( ) Math & Trig ( ) Statistical () Engineering () Database ( ) Cube () Information () User defined ( )
.
2.1 :
=, .
Insert Function ( ):
Insert Function
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26
(=),
, ,
.
, , , TRUE FALSE, , ,
#/ .
. ,
.
,
, .
Insert Function ( ) ,
, ,
,
( 2 ). ,
.
64 .
&
COMBIN. COMBIN
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27
. Function Arguments (
) .
(Number, Number_chosen),
(The number of combinations for a given number of items),
(Number_chosen is the number of items in each combination)
(6) (Formula result = 6)
COMBIN .
..
. Help on this function
( ).
2
.
, com
com,
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.
.
, .. Number, Number_chosen
( 2 ) ,
,
.
, ;
.
.
2.2 & .
.
1 :
1
ABS(number) .
COMBIN(number, number_chosen)
.
COMBIN,
number_chosen
number.
EXP(number) e
.
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29
(
)
.
FACT(number) .
1*2*3*...*.
GCD(number1, number2,)
number1, number2, .
(number) ,
LCM(number1, number2,)
number1, number2,
LN(number), LOG10(number) .
,
number .
LOG10(number)
.
RAND()
0 1,
.
,
.
RANDBETWEEN(bottom,top)
.
ROUND(number, number_digits) number
number_digits.
SQRT(number)
. ,
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number.
SUM(number1, number2,)
/
.
SUMIF(number1, number2,)
/ .
SUMPRODUCT(array1, array2,)
.
3 Excel.
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3
1 / 2
. A, B, C, D
wA, wB, wC, wD
rA, rB, rC, rD , :
p A A B B C C D Dr w r w r w r w r= + + +
SUMPRODUCT.
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32
2.2.1 , .
Excel.
:
CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER
.
.
MDETERM
.
.
{ }
CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER.
:
1: ( )
2: / .. TRANSPOSE
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,
3: /
4:
CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER
2
MDETERM(array)
TRANSPOSE(array)
MMULT(array1, array2) .
array1
array2.
MINVERSE(array)
.
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4
2 / 2
.
Excel .
:
1234273316643
321
32
321
=++=+=++
xxxxxxxx
:
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=
=
171
23421330
6643
3
2
1
xxx
BXA
(detA 0) :
BAXBXA == 1 =MMULT(MINVERSE(A37:C39),E37:E39) .
2.3
.
:
Data
Analysis ( ).
:
,
,
More
Functions ( ).
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36
2.3.1
/, , ,
.
3
(number1,number2,)
( )
(number1,number2,)
(
)
AVERAGE(number1,number2,)
MEDIAN(number1,number2,)
MODE(number1,number2,)
PERCENTILE(array,k) k ,
.
QUART(array,quart)
array. quart
0,1,2,3, 4
, 25%, 50%, 75%
.
STDEV(number1,number2,)
(
).
SKEW(number1,number2,) .
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KURT(number1,number2,) .
FREQUENCY(data_array, bins_array)
. ,
.
FREQUENCY :
1:
.
bins_array.
.
2: FREQUENCY
3:
(data_array)
(bins_array)
4:
CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER
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5
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1994 2007
( ) .
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
$/15.53 16.86 20.29 18.68 12.28 17.48 27.6 23.12 24.36 28.1 36.05 50.64 61.08 63.34
1994 2007.
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2.3.2
.
Excel
,
,
, .. , ,
, 2 , t Student, F .. 4
.
4
BINOMDIST(number_s,trials,proba
bility_s,cumulative)
,
CRITBINOM
(trials,probability_s,alpha)
,
.
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HYPGEOMDIST(sample_s,
number_sample,population_s,numbe
r_pop)
POISSON(x, mean, cumulative) Poisson
NORMDIST(x, mean, standard_dev,
cumulative), NORMSDIST(x)
NORMSINV(probability)
,
EXPONDIST(x, lambda,
cumulative)
CHIDIST(x,deg_freedom) 2
TDIST(x,deg_freedom, tails) t Student
FDIST(x, x,deg_freedom1,
x,deg_freedom2)
F
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6
2.3.3
. Excel
.
5
TEST(array, x, sigma) p z.
z
x,
(),
.
TTEST(array1, array2, tails, type)
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t Student. T array1,
array2 .
tails
(1 2
). ype
t : 1,
, 2, (
) , 3,
.
FTEST(array1, array2) F,
,
.
CHTEST(actual_range,
expected_range)
.
2
.
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7
2.3.4 Excel
.
:
. Excel
.
6
INTERCEPT(known_y's,
known_x's)
y,
known_y's known_x's.
SLOPE(known_y's, known_x's)
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known_y's
known_x's.
RSQ(known_y's, known_x's)
.
PEARSON(array1, array2) Pearson
FORECAST(x, known_y's,
known_x's)
y
x ,
.
STEYX(known_y's, known_x's)
y x
.
8
LINEST(known_y's, known_x's, const,
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stats) .
:
Excel
LINEST.
61:J65 H61:H65 K61:K65
LINEST.
, Alpha ( ) Beta ( ),
[Beta (SE), Alpha (SE)], R2 (RSQ)
y (STEYX), F,
(N-K), (Regression SS)
(Residual SS).
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LINEST(known_y's, known_x's, const, stats)
,
5x2
CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER
LINEST(known_y's, known_x's, const, stats)
LOGEST(known_y's, known_x's, const, stats)
. ,
.
2.4
.
7
VLOOKUP(lookup_value,
table_array, col_index_num,
range_lookup)
.
VLOOKUP,
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.
LOOKUP(lookup_value,
table_array, col_index_num,
range_lookup)
.
HLOOKUP,
,
.
MATCH(lookup_value,
lookup_array, match_type)
,
.
LOOKUP
.
INDEX(array, row_num,
column_num)
,
.
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9
4 / 2
(.. 8,000 15%
).
=VLOOKUP(B7,A2:B5,2)
A2:B5 7 (=15,000 )
2. A2:B5
. range_lookup
TRUE
FALSE .
=MATCH(B10,B2:B5).
=INDEX(A2:B5,B11,B12).
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10
2.5
.
8
AND(logical1, logical2,...) TRUE ()
TRUE ()
IF(logical_test, value_if_true,
value_if_false)
,
TRUE (), ,
FALSE ().
IFERROR(value,value_if_error)
.
OR(logical1, logical2,...) TRUE
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FALSE FALSE
FALSE.
11
5 / 2
3 .
: ( ),
,
.
,
.
IF : =IF($B11
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2.6
Excel.
( ), (
), , ( )
.
2.6.1 ,
. To Excel
.
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9
PV(rate, nper, pmt, fv, type)
. Rate
. Nper
. Pmt
. Fv
.
Type 0 1
. 0
, 1
.
FV(rate, nper, pmt, fv, type) FV(rate, nper, pmt, pv, type)
,
. rate, nper
.type PV. Pv
.
pmt,
pv .
PV FV,
,
,
.
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4%
4 ,
4%/12 rate
4*12 nper.
PMT(rate, nper, pv, fv, type)
-
.
PV FV.
IPMT(rate, per, nper, pv, fv, type) .
, per,
(
1 nper).
PPMT(rate, per, nper, pv, fv, type) nper.
12
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6 / 2
1,000
3% ,
5 .
:
FV(3%,5,-1000) 5,309.14
7 / 2
1,000
. 1,2,3
4.
5 .
:
12
345
%)31(000,1%)31(000,1 %)31(000,1%)31(000,1%)31(000,1
+++++++++=
FV(rate, nper, pmt, pv,
type). .
0 30 type
FV D38 1
.
pv FV C18. type
.
8 / 2
10,000
7% .
6 .
PMT ( ),
IPMT (), PPMT (). rate
7%
7%/4. pv
.
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.
0, .
:
2,097.96
.
.
9 / 2
:
$10,000 10 8%
$50,000 18 .
6%.
:
PMT(8%/12, 10, 10000) -$1,037.03
PMT(8%/12, 10, 10000, 0, 1) -$1,030.16
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PMT(6%/12, 18*12, 0, 50000) -$129.08. ,
$129.08 6% 18
$50,000.
10 / 2
:
2000 2 10%
10 200000 10 8%:
:
PPMT(10%/12, 1, 24, 2000) -$75.62
PPMT(8%, 10, 10, 200000) -$27,598.05
2.6.2 Excel
.
.
.
SLN(cost, salvage, life)
(straight line depreciation).
(cost),
(salvage)
( ).
SYD(cost, salvage, life, per)
,
. per
life.
DDB(cost, salvage, life, period, factor)
-
.
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factor .
factor, 2.
10
SLN(cost, salvage, life)
(straight line depreciation).
(cost),
(salvage)
(
).
SYD(cost, salvage, life, per)
,
. per
life.
DDB(cost, salvage, life, period,
factor)
-
.
factor
.
factor,
2.
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13
11 / 2
100,000 10 .
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=SLN($C$2,$C$3,$B$19) C10:C19,
=SYD($C$2,$C$3,$C$4,B10) D10 D11:D19
=DDB($C$2,$C$3,$C$4,B10) E10
E11:E19.
. C22 (=SUM(C10:C19)), D22 (=SUM(D10:D19).
. 20 =C2-SUM(E10:E19).
2.6.3 :
(Net Present Value, NPV)
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(Internal Rate of Return, IRR).
.
11
NPV(rate, value1, value2, )
( )
( ).
value1
.
0.
NPV
.
XNPV(rate, values, dates)
IRR(values, guess)
. Values
( ),
.
. Guess
IRR.
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MIRR(values,
finance_rate,reinvest_rate)
.
MIRR
.
IRR(values, dates, guess)
.
NPV PV .
PV
. PV
NPV.
Excel
guess, IRR ,
0,00001. IRR
20 ,
#!. ,
guess IRR ( 10%).
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14
12 / 2
5
100 , .
.. , 4%
5 .
4%.
100 PV NPV.
. .
Excel
, NPV(rate, value1, value2, ...)
( ) ( ).
0.
.
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445.18 .
460 ,
.
:
, .
:
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13 / 2
.
$70,000
: $12,000, $15,000, $18,000, $21,000, $26,000 .
2, 4 5 ..
1 6 .
:
IRR(B1:B3,-10%) -44.35%
:
IRR(B1:B5) -2.12%
, :
IRR(B1:B6) 8.66%
14 / 2
145, 100
- 275 .
0% 40% 2.5%.
.
( )
r.
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.
IRR(values, guess), guess,
.
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15 / 2
5 .
$120,000 10%
. $39,000, $30,000, $21,000, $37,000,
$46,000 .
12% .
3 5 .
14%
.
:
MIRR(B1:B6, 10%, 12%) 12.61 %
:
MIRR(B1:B4, 10%, 12%) -4.80 %
14% :
MIRR(B1:B6, 10%, 14%) 13.48 %
2.7
. Excel
Formulas
Formula Auditing ( ).
.
Trace Precendents ( ),
D12.
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Trace Dependents ( ),
D5.
Remove
Arrows ( ) .
Show Formulas ( )
Error Checking ( )
. Evaluate Formula ( )
. Watch Window (
)
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.
.
:
,
, .
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1 / 2
50 .
.
21,111 9.43 20,191 7.68
19,970 8.50 20,892 5.85
19,450 6.85 20,375 9.73
22,193 9.70 18,646 7.83
19,698 6.75 21,924 8.50
21,434 8.40 23,644 8.90
20,706 6.43 21,572 6.85
23,325 9.53 19,188 5.10
20,936 6.75 22,540 9.03
20,818 8.23 20,719 6.55
18,673 7.43 19,324 5.80
21,043 5.40 22,626 5.88
20,279 7.10 23,164 6.75
20,410 6.33 24,302 9.73
20,543 6.98 23,419 6.30
21,189 9.53 24,898 8.38
19,629 5.45 24,394 7.78
20,847 5.63 25,061 9.30
20,930 8.60 23,941 5.65
20,655 7.60 26,332 5.58
23,456 9.45 23,650 6.48
19,484 5.08 23,471 5.48
18,951 5.38 23,701 6.83
23,241 9.73 24,891 7.40
20,424 6.65 24,560 6.65
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, , ,
,
.
1,000 ,
19,000 26,000 0.5
, 6 9.5.
.
2 / 2
.
2010-2024:
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
. . 8 8.6 9 9 9 7.2 7 5 5 5 3 2 2 2 2
:
2007 2008 2009 2010
. $ -20 -60 -120 -20
:
- 10%
- $2.5/
5% .
- .
- :
o . o $50,000,000 35%. o $50,000,000 50%.
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1 .
25%.
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1 / 2
.
2:51.
.
3:F13
. , , ,
, .
,
. 3:13
F3:F13.
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.
FREQUENCY
. FREQUENCY
, CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER.
:
= + +
.
SLOPE,
=SLOPE(A2:A51,B2:B51) 37.
315
.
2 / 2
. 2:9
.
.
D, E, F . G
. G5 =(1-
$B$2)*E5. B2
G6:G19
2. 5
3 6 =(1+$B$4)*H5.
7:19.
. $ 5 =H5*G5
6:19. J5 . $
=G5*$B$8-I5 J6:J19
.
6 . IF :
=IF(J5
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,
. ,
.., .
: ..
.. .. ..
2007 L2 =F2+J2-K2,
20025 2004
L3:L20.
22
=NPV(B9,L2:L20) $ 430 .
.
15%, 9 15%
$ 789 .
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