diffusion: the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower...
TRANSCRIPT
Diffusion Diffusion:
• The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Due to random movement
The Rate of Diffusion is affected by 3 different factors:
1. Temperature
2. Concentration
3. Pressure
Osmosis Is the diffusion of
water through a semipermeable membrane
• Movement of water is from an area of low concentration (of solute) to and area of high concentration (of solute)
Hypertonic, Hypotonic, Isotonic
Hypertonic:• A solution with a high concentration of solute
Hypotonic:A solution with a low concentration of solutes
IsotonicA solution that has the same or equal strengths of
solutes in a solution
The Cell Watch Intro Video
• Answer the following questions What is a prokaryote? Where did modern plant/animal cells come from? What is a eukaryote?
http://www.dnatube.com/video/2318/Cell-Biology
The Cell
The Cell
The Discovery
The Cell Theory 1. All organisms are composed of one
or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit structure and organization of all organisms.
3. All cells come from preexisting cells.
The CellTHERE ARE 2 TYPES OF CELLS…
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/23414-cell-cell-characteristics-video.htm
Prokaryotic Cells Cells that DO NOT contain membrane
bound organelles (no nucleus)
Most bacteria and unicellular organisms
Eukaryotic Cells Cells containing membrane bound
organelles
Most of multicellular life fits into this category.• However some unicellular life as well
Amoebas, algae, etc
The Plasma Membrane The flexible boundary between the
cell and its environment
• Responsible for letting things in and out of the cell and maintaining homeostasis in the cell.
The Plasma Membrane
The Plasma Membrane Has Selective Permeability-
• The means it allows some molecules to pass through while others or kept out
Transport Proteins: specialized proteins that move molecules into and out of the cell
The Plasma Membrane The plasma membrane is composed
primarily of a phospholipid bilayer
• Phospholipids have a polar head (hydrophilic) and a nonpolar (hydrophobic) tail.
• Why?
The Plasma Membrane The Fluid Mosaic Model
The Cell Wall The cell wall: is a rigid structure that
is located outside of the plasma membrane that provides additional support and protection.
Found in Plant cells not Animal cells• Also in some bacteria, fungi and protists.
Cell Wall
Organelles Are specialized subunits within a cell
that have specific functions• Mini Organs is another way to think about it.
Remember Organelles are only in Eukaryotes
Membrane bound
Organelles Nucleus
Considered the “CONTROL CENTER” of the cell.
Site where DNA (genetic information) is stored as Chromatin
Organelles Nucleolus
• non-membrane bound structure composed of proteins and nucleic acids found within the nucleus
Ribosomes are made here
Ribosomes Ribosomes
• Sites of Protein Synthesis
• Not bound, can freely move to different partsof the cell.
Found in both eukaryoticand prokaryotic cells
Cytoplasm Cytoplasm
• The clear gelatinous fluid inside a cell
• Contains nutrients that allow for cell to grow and develop
Organelles Endoplasmic Reticulum (rough)
• Site of cellular chemical reactions Help finish protein synthesis
• Highly folded Allows for lots of work in a little space
E.R. (smooth)• Involved in lipid production and storage of lipids
Organelles Golgi Apparatus (complex):
• Protein Post Office of a cell
• Packages proteins into vesicles to be sent to appropriate destinations in the cell
Organelles Vacuole
• Membrane-bound compartments used for storage of materials
Lysosome• The garbage disposal of a cell• Uses digestive enzymes to get rid of
viruses, bacteria, and old parts of the cell.
Organelles Mitochondria
• The power plants of cells
• Transform energy for cell use in the form of ATP.
Chloroplast Capture energy from sunlight
and convert it into chemical energy (ATP) in a process called photosynthesis
Primarily in Plants
Has green chlorophyll (a pigment that captures sunlight)
Cytoskeleton Is the network of protein filaments
that help a cell maintain its shape
• Can also aid in cell movement
• Microtubules, microfilaments and centrioles are part of the cytoskeleton