declaration of sentiments, 1848 movement split, 1869 fifteenth amendment, 1870 minor v....
TRANSCRIPT
Womanhood & Citizenship: The American Woman
Suffrage Movement, 1869-1920
Declaration of Sentiments, 1848
Movement split, 1869
Fifteenth Amendment, 1870
Minor v. Happersett, 1874
Origins
Held first Women’s Rights Convention, 1848
“Brains” of the movement: inspirational writings and speeches
Increasingly radical views (The Woman’s Bible)
Dies in 1902
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
“Legs” of the movement
Living symbol of suffrage cause due to ceaseless travel
“Aunt Susan” to many
Dies in 1906
Susan B. Anthony
Legislation: Married Women’s Property Acts
Higher Education
WCTU founding, 1874; NACW, 1896
United in one organization/one cause, 1890
Women voting in 4 western states: Wyoming(1869); Utah(1870); Colorado(1893); Idaho(1896).
Successes
Challenges:
Other compelling issues drawing women away
Arduous state-by-state campaigns
New leaders needed
Woman Suffrage in 1900
Harriot Stanton Blatch
New Leaders
Alice Stone Blackwell
New Leaders
Carrie Chapman Catt, c. 1900 Anna Howard Shaw
"Nothing bigger can come to a human being than to love a great cause more than life itself."
Movement now international
British Pankhursts spur new assertiveness
4 more western states won 1910-2(WA, CA, KS, OR)
New generation of women unwilling to wait
Suffrage in the “Doldrums”?
The Pankhursts
Emmeline Pankhurst Christabel Pankhurst
The Pankhursts
The Pankhursts
Blatch steps forward
New Organizations
New Tactics
More British inspiration
Alice Paul
► Quaker from Moorestown NJ
► Early twenties ► Studying in Britain 1908-09
Back to America
► Alice Paul returns 1910
► How to use British experience for American suffrage?
► Approaches leaders of NAWSA in 1912
NAWSA Hesitance
Anna Howard Shaw, c. 1910
Suffrage parade of 1913
Womanhood & Citizenship:
► Generations
► Strategy
► Tactics
Suff ragists split
NAWSA TACTICS
Carrie Chapman Catt, c. 1915
NWP Tactics
Picketing begins
► First pickets outside White House in January 1917
► “Silent Sentinels” with banners
► More controversial after WWI declared in April
Arrests Begin
Arrests continue
Arrest & Prison
► Lucy Burns most often arrested
► Prominent women in jail drew attention
► Nearly 200 eventually imprisoned
Arrest & Prison
Alice Paul in Prison
► Long sentence drew criticism
► Daily articles about AP condition
► Mental examination
► Pickets continued
Release—Victory?
► All pickets released before Thanksgiving 1917
► New York state had won suffrage in meantime
► Wilson declares support for constitutional amendment January 1918; House passes.
► Senate passes June 1919
States Ratify
19th Amendment Ratified
August 26, 1920
Themes:
Women moving into public life esp. after 1870 Suffrage part of Progressive reforms Using publicity to get results Consumer society: creating posters, small goods to gain
support, advertise. What’s worth going to jail for?
Using Suffrage in classroom
Class activities
► Create posters, broadsides incorporating favorite images and persuasive techniques
► Examine posters, etc. for symbolic content and connect to suffrage
Suff rage Art
► Using suffrage songs to sing; create new; examine means of persuasion.
► Examine supporters/non-supporters of suffrage as a window on society pre-WWI.
►Use controversy over picketing to talk about meaning of patriotism.
Other activities
Questions?