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Rocks: Mineral MixturesChapter 4

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CRCT Preparation

Chapter 4 CRCT Preparation

1. Igneous rock forms when

A magma cools and hardens.

B minerals crystallize out of water.

C heat and pressure change the composition and texture of a rock.

D natural cement binds rock fragments together.

1. Igneous rock forms when

A magma cools and hardens.

B minerals crystallize out of water.

C heat and pressure change the composition and texture of a rock.

D natural cement binds rock fragments together.

Use the diagram to answer question 2.

2. Which of the following processes occurs at point C on the diagram of the rock cycle?

A deposition

B uplift

C heat and pressure

D melting and cooling

Use the diagram to answer question 2.

2. Which of the following processes occurs at point C on the diagram of the rock cycle?

A deposition

B uplift

C heat and pressure

D melting and cooling

3. Volcanic activity on Earth’s surface most likely results in the formation of which of the following types of rock?

A intrusive igneous rock

B extrusive igneous rock

C clastic sedimentary rock

D chemical sedimentary rock

3. Volcanic activity on Earth’s surface most likely results in the formation of which of the following types of rock?

A intrusive igneous rock

B extrusive igneous rock

C clastic sedimentary rock

D chemical sedimentary rock

4. How does clastic sedimentary rock form?

A Rock fragments are cemented together by a mineral such as calcite or quartz.

B Dissolved minerals crystallize out of solution in water to form solid minerals.

C Heat and pressure turn partially decomposed plant material into rock.

D Skeletons of sea animals that collected on the ocean floor are cemented together.

4. How does clastic sedimentary rock form?

A Rock fragments are cemented together by a mineral such as calcite or quartz.

B Dissolved minerals crystallize out of solution in water to form solid minerals.

C Heat and pressure turn partially decomposed plant material into rock.

D Skeletons of sea animals that collected on the ocean floor are cemented together.

5. Stratification occurs as the result of which of the following processes?

A the cooling and solidification of magma

B the partial or complete melting of rock

C the deformation of rock by heat and pressure

D the deposition of sediments in a body of water

5. Stratification occurs as the result of which of the following processes?

A the cooling and solidification of magma

B the partial or complete melting of rock

C the deformation of rock by heat and pressure

D the deposition of sediments in a body of water

Use the table to answer question 6.

6. Which of the four rock samples in the table most likely formed in the process of regional metamorphism?

A Sample A

B Sample B

C Sample C

D Sample D

Use the table to answer question 6.

6. Which of the four rock samples in the table most likely formed in the process of regional metamorphism?

A Sample A

B Sample B

C Sample C

D Sample D

7. Buried rock is exposed at Earth’s surface by the combination of which two processes?

A weathering and deposition

B uplift and erosion

C erosion and deposition

D deposition and uplift

7. Buried rock is exposed at Earth’s surface by the combination of which two processes?

A weathering and deposition

B uplift and erosion

C erosion and deposition

D deposition and uplift

8. Which of the following processes forms sediment?

A deposition

B weathering

C erosion

D compaction and cementation

8. Which of the following processes forms sediment?

A deposition

B weathering

C erosion

D compaction and cementation

9. Rock in which the composition and texture of the rock have been changed by heat and pressure is called

A felsic rock.

B mafic rock.

C igneous rock.

D metamorphic rock.

9. Rock in which the composition and texture of the rock have been changed by heat and pressure is called

A felsic rock.

B mafic rock.

C igneous rock.

D metamorphic rock.

10. Kaolin is a white claystone that is composed of kaolinite and other minerals. Over 8 million tons of kaolin are mined in Georgia each year. Kaolin is used as a coating on glossy paper. It is also used in the production of ceramics, paints, plastics, and rubber. What type of rock is kaolin? How is kaolin rock formed?

10. Answer - Full-credit answers should include the following points:

• Kaolin is a clastic sedimentary rock.

• Kaolin is formed when kaolinite and other mineral particles become cemented together.

• The particles in kaolin were cemented together by a mineral such as calcite or quartz.

11. Tim is studying the geology of Georgia. He discovers that the Lexington Oglesby Blue Granite Belt lies beneath Elberton County in Georgia. This deposit contains Elberton granite, also called “Georgia Gray” because of its color. The stone consists of coarse light gray and dark gray grains. Elberton granite can be seen all over the United States, in buildings, monuments, and gravestones. What was the process that formed Elberton granite? What can you infer about the properties of this stone from its uses?

11. Answer - Full-credit answers should include the following points:

• Elberton granite is an igneous rock, which formed when melted magma cooled.

• It was most likely formed by an intrusion of magma, which cooled slowly below Earth’s surface to create the coarse-grained rock.

• Because the rock is used for buildings and monuments, it must be strong and durable outdoors.

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