Ovulation and corpus luteum lutelysis Ovulation (oogenesis) the process by which ovum is produced in the ovary. This process include the following

sequential stapes :-1- oogonium produced by mitotic proliferation of primordial germ cells2- until the final generation , oogonia enter prophase of the first meiotic division , at

this point they are primary oocytes 3- primary oocyte than surrounded by a flattened layer of follicular epithelium to form

primary follicles than the primary follicles proliferate and develop in to secondary oocyte at

the first polar body in the telophase (each contain half number of chromosome)

4- secondary oocyte enter the second meiotic division the division is activated after fertilization by sperms during which second

meiotic division is completed ootide and second polar body

Ovogenesis

Fetal period

Meiosis 1

Secondary oocyte + 1st polar body

Meiosis 2

Zygote + 2nd polar body

During the pro-estrus phase of the reproductive cycle the pre ovulation follicle develops it continue to increase in size eventually reaching a diameter up to 2-2.5 cm

The follicle ruptures from the area of attach of follicle to the germinal epithelium which called stigma-the member of stigma become very thin + convex appear on the ovary surface + become empty from blood vessels and this will tend to rupture of the follicle (antrum follicle)

And dis appear its content of follicle fluid in the abdominal cavity and releasing the unfertilized ovum still surrounded by cumulus cells

The ovum is collected by the fimbria of the oviduct and transport down the oviduct by the a combination of cilia action and muscular contraction of the oviduct wall

About one hour before ovulation the follicle forms an (apex) the point at which rupture eventually takes place

After ovulation there is a rapid collapse of the follicle wall and the follicle cavity will full with blood which lead to formation of corpus hemorrhagic which can palpate it after 24 hr from ovulation cow.

Meanwhile episodic release of LH in a low amplitude, high frequency pattern (intervals of one per hour or more ) resulting in higher plasma hormone concentration will have contributed to the development of the follicle and the maturation of the oocyte within it .

The pre-ovulation LH surge itself consists of the summation of very rapid pulses of LH secretion. The surge will :-1- Stimulate the process of ovulation 2- Initiates luteinization of the granulosa and the call cells of the follicle

The farm animal are divided according to the ovulation in to the following 1- Spontaneous ovulation :-include the animal except 2- Induced ovulation animal :- such as queen she camel , rabbit ferret

Factor effect on lutcolysis of C.L1- Pituitary effect :- by secretion of prolactin hormone which help in growth of C.L2- Uterus effect which include :-

A) Secretion of PGF2X which causes lucolysis of C.LB) Hysterectoruy lead to stony c.lC) Present of fetus lead to persist of CLD) Inflammation of uterus lead to persist CLE) Present of foreign body in the uterus lead to lutelysis of CLF) Washing of the uterus by salty or irritation solution help in lutolysis of C.L