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PJ 9237.E7178 1972

Dictionary pl.,.the.Atnharic,lan3^a^^^^^

1 3 1924 026 888 481 -"

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This is an authorized facsimile of the original book, andwas produced in 1972 by microfilm-xerography by UniversityMicrofilms, A Xerox Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.

DICTIONARYOF THE

AMHARIC LANGUAGE.

IN TWO PARTS.

A*MHARIC AND ENGLISH,AND

ENGLISH AND AMHARIC.

BV THE

REV. CHARLES WILLIAM ISENBERG,MISSIONARY OF THE CH0RCH MISSIONARY POCIFTY

IN EAST AFRICA.

LONDON;PRINTED FOR

THE CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIET\',SALISBURY SQUARE.

I84L

12371

/

LONDON

:

RICHARD WATTS. CROWW COURT, TEMPLEBAK.

PREFACE.

The appearance of a new Dictionary of the Amharic Language needs no

apology. The only work of this kind hitherto published, is Ludolf's " Lexicon

Amharico-Latinum," Frankfort, 1698. That distingtdshed scholar, eminent for

his piety as well as for his learning, from a confused mass of materials produced

a " History of Abyssinia," which forms the basis of all that has been said by

subsequent writers on the affairs of that country. He also composed an

excellent Ethiopic Grammar and Lexicon. He subsequently availed himself of

the assistance of Abba Gregorius, a native of ]Mal:ana-Selasse, in Shoawho for

a short time resided with him at the Court of Duke Ernest, surnamed the

Pious, of Saxe Gothato prepare a Grammar and a Lexicon of the Amharic

Language. The object of this last \vork was, to prepare the way for the civil

and religious improvement of Abyssinia. Considering the scanty means which

he had for acquiring a knowledge of the Amharic Language*, it is surprising

how much Ludolf accomplished in his two Amharic works. It is Jiot sur-

prising that they are far inferior to his Ethiopic works, for which he had

ampler materials.

The Amharic Translation of the whole Bible, executed in Egypt by an

Abyssinian monk, Abu Rvmii, or as the author of this Dictionary received

his name from a personal acquaintance of his, Dabtera Matteos-Abi Ruhli,

a native of Godjam, which was revised and published by the British andForeign Bible Society, furnished a more valuable source for the study of the

Amharic Language.

* His Teacher was the before-mentioned monk, Abba Gregorius, who had no idea of any ^am-

matical rules of a langiiap:c ; and who possessed, as the only literary source for Ludolfs Lexicon, a

small Vocabulary of the most necessary words and expressions for daily intercourse, in Italian and

Amharic.

iv PR K FACE.

The want of a good Grammar and Dictionary, however, v,as deeply feltby the Missionaries of the Church Missionary Society, in their intercoursewitli the Abyssinians. Still the author of this work did not, during a threeyears' stay in Tigre, from 1835 to 1838, think of collecting materials for aDictionary; it being his conviction, that a longer residence in the country,

and the publication of the Bible Society's edition of the Arnharic Scriptures,which had not then taken place, would better qualify him, or any of hisbrethren, for the execution of such an important work. But when, after

the sudden and unexpected breaking-up of their Tigre Mission, he, witli

his fellow-labourer, the Rev. J. L. Krapf, left Eo;j'|)t, for Rhoa, in January 1839,fid the Red Sea, he was so impressed witli the necessity of collecting materialsfor a Dictionary, that he resolved to begin with this work while on their journey,and to employ upon it all the leisure hours which that long journey affordedhim. His plan was, while on the journey, to read the whole of vrhat, up tothat period, had been published of the Amharic Scrijituros ; i.e. the Pentateuch,the Psalms, and the New Testament, and to put down eveiy word contained inthem ; and, after their arrival in Shoa, to collect words from the Natives.

The nature of the journey, howeverbeing the first attempt of Europeansto enter Shoa by a road liitherto unknowndid not allow the Missionaries

to carry a large library Avith them ; nor were the great variety of circum-

stances and situations much suited for deep study, or for the quiet thoughtwhich such a work required. At sea, they had to encounter the unruly motions

of wind and water;on their journey by land, the heat of a scorching sun,various privations, constant bustles with uncivilised natives, and various

other unpleasant circumstances. AH, therefore, that the author could do,

wasafter having, by the assistance of a well-informed Abyssinian who accom-panied them, secured the true signification of each wordto write it down

in short notes in German, and to mark the Biblical passage where it occurs.

The same plan was followed during the author's stay in Shoa, from June toNovember 1839. When he came b i,ck to England, in order to ask theconsent of the Committee of the Church Missionary Society to his carrying

through the press this and several other Amharic works, D. Coates, Esq., the

Secretary, put into his hands an Amharic Vocabulary, composed by the

PREFACE. ^'

author's late fellow-labourer in the Tigre Mission, the Rev. C. H. Blumhardt

;

who had been removed, after the unfortunate breaking-up of that Mission,

to the Society's Station at Krishnaghur, in North India. Mr. Blumhardt had

begun that Vocabulary a. d. 1837, soon after his arrival at Adoa ; and, with

the greatest assiduity, continued in its composition ; and finished it at Malta,

from whence he sent it to London, in 1839, to the disposal of the Committee.

To the perusal of that Vocabulary the author owes several words which lie

himself had not collected : they are generally marked with the initials BI.In the same way, the author has marked those words vrhich he gathered

from Ludolfs Lexicon, Lud. ; and the Arabic words on Golius' authority, Gol.

On the author's arrival in London, he had the satisfaction to find that thewhole of the Amharic Old Testament had been printed *, and was favoured

with a copy of it by the British and Foreign Bible Society. This enabled

him to collect the remaining words of those Biblical Books which he hadnot seen previously. The most necessary thing, the collection, being thuscompleted, he was obliged, in order to fit the work for the press, to translatethe German into English, to give each word the various significations attachedto it, and to show its uses in conversation, by quoting instances, either from

the Scriptures or from common life. This was done, while the work went

through the press : for the authorwhose connexion with the Church Missio-

nary Society's Mission in Shoa obliged him to shorten his stay in Europeas much as possiblehad not time to finish the work, before the printingwas begun. To this circumstance, some defects are ascribable, which would

have been obviated, if proper time had been allowed for its completion, before

it was put to press. The author especially refers to the want of illustrativeinstances in the Second Part, and to the arrangement, in the First, of verbal

derivations : the latter of which would have been, in some instances, different,if he had been able to postpone the printing of the Dictionary, until theGrammar, in the composition of which he is now engaged, was finished :for the author has, in his present occupation with the Grammar, discoveredsome peculiarities in the verbs, of which he was not yet aware when the

* In Januan' last, (he-whole Bible left the press.

vi PREFACE.

Dictionary was printing. While, therefore, he aimed at the perfection ofHiis work, the anthor was obliged to submit to the necessity of rendering itas perfect as circumstances would allow.

Among the quotations from Scripture, there occur a few which are markedwith asterisks : these refer to such passages in the First Edition of the New-Testament or the Psalms Mhich have been altered in the Second or RevisedEdition, when the printing of the whole Bible was completed. The student isrequested to bear this in mind, if he should be disappointed in looking for the

quoted passages in the wrong edition. They are, however, of rare occurrence.

The tj'pographical execution of this work does honour to Mr. Watts, inevery respect. As also for the Amharic type, that had been previously cast byhim, under the directions of T. P. Piatt, Esq., while the latter was super-intending the printing of the Amharic Bible. It is the best type which has everbeen used in Ethiopic Literature ; and the Abyssinians, who saw it in thePentateuch and the Psalms, were much pleased with it.

The next object of this Dictionary is, to assist the Missionaries of theGospel appointed for, and labouring in those countries in which the AmharicLanguage is spoken, in preparing themselves for their work, and in carrpng it

on in Abyssinian Schools. It is, at the same time, intended to meet the

demands of an increasing interest among the Christian Public, in the Civiland Religious welfare of the Abyssinian Nation. Lastly, it is hoped that

this work may, in some measure, contribute to the advancement of the know-ledge of Semitic Languages in general ; and that it may become the means of

facilitating the study of other African Languages; of which some elements, the

author believes, have mixed with the Amharic ; and of others, into which the

Amharic enters to a greater or lesser extent.

The author begs to express his sincere thanks to the Committee of theChurch Missionary Society, for tlie assistance rendered to him in the prepa-ration of this and several other works for the use of the East-Africa Mission.

He would take this opportunity to sa;,, that the longer he is in connexion

with this Society, the more he finds reason to thank God for having placed

PREFACE.' '^'"

him in their servicethe more he honours, the more he loves them. May the

Spirit and the blessing of God, which has hitherto so abundantly been upon

them, and so signally crowned their labom-s at home and abroad in all parts

of the world, cont'nue with them, constantly increasing; enabling them to

overcome all their difficulties ; and faithfully to discharge their duties, to the

glory of God, and to the building up of His Church among the nations ! As

for the present distressing state of their fundswhich the author especially

regrets, because he fears it may prevent them from giving their East-African

Mission that succour which he could wish^lie trusts that He, whose is " both

the silver and gold," and who has commanded us to pray " the Lord of the

Harvest to send Labourers into His harvest," will inspire the members of the

Society with an abundant measure of love and zeal, so as to come forward

willingly with their substance, to assist the Committee to go on with renewed

vigour in their course.

In now taking leave cf this his humble offspring, the author commends it to

the indulgence of the Reader: and to the protection and blessing of the

Almighty, the promotion of whose glory is its final object. May He render ita means, to enable the Abyssinians, as well as their Teachers, to proclaim in

their tongue the wonderful works of God; and a channel for convejdng thesalutary influences of Evangelical Doctrine and of Christian Civilization, from

enlightened Europe, over benighted Abyssinia

!

C. W. ISENBERG.

London, Oct. 1841.

NOTICE TO THE BINDER. /

The Alp'iabetlcal Table is here to be inserted, immediately facing the Dictionary.

X1

NOMERICAl,

ouniiK

of Ihc

LETTEllS

1. Sli

2. E::

3. cii

4. u;:

5. iE:;

6. s;:

^.'Li\

8. ^;i

9. E;;

10. r.i

11.15;:

12. imi13. in;-

14. 101;

13. isu10. i%U

17. 1^::

13. Is;;

19. iy::

20.35:;

21. ssn

22. ^Bi;23. snis24. son

25. !ES:;

26. ss;"

27. SS;j28. ES;129. Se:;

30. mil

31. msn

32. iQl:;;

33. mnv-

OUDHRof tlio VOWllLS.

POWER of tlie VOWELS .

,

Ethiopic names of Vowkls

NAMES of Letters

Hoi

Lawi

Hd^t

MtVi

aaut

Re-es

Sit

Shat

K'-df

Tsh'ait

P'ait

Tsadai

Ts;,r'Pa

Aff

VOWEll of Letters

rt'~T~H

L

MD u S

Rto u~

u) IwT-

s

SH^

^forced with a

JV f ' pecuiifti' anion ^

of the prtlate

P 5 ) and throav.

\. ;'.

.S7itrr^. a, or a, a.v i?i cat

"lOli i Gcez {original)

U:A:

ha

la

ha

uo: ma

UJ: sa

^: ra

1*1: sa

II:

*:

sha

k'a

P ^ iuddcn explosionof breath from between

tbelipa.

Is , resembling

FIRST PART OF THE AMHARIC DICTIONARY.

AMHARIC AND ENGLISH.

Note. Tlie dash () generally stands instead of a wcrd ; (1) after Prefixes ; as, U : Vl

:

and others. (2) before Suffixes; as : (!>:: (3) by itself, ^vith the colon only, wheninstances are brought forvsard to illustrate the word in question; e.g. U-H-z all, every

flQy.; : "every man," '-all men," instead of (l(Ef- If-A-"

ABBREVIATIONS.

Elh Ethiopic. S Ar Arabic.

Amh Amharic. | Eur. .... European.Tigr. or T. . . Tigre language. I non occ. . . non occurrit, " does not occur."

Shoa Shoa dialect. {

The Parts of Speech, and several Grammatical expressions, are abbreviated, as in other Dictionaries.

U : HA, is the first letter of the Abyssinian Al-phabet. Its name, as mentioned by Ludolph,is ITX- oi, (for*|'E: ^c. iLKA: the h letter,or letter in use for expressing the sound K) ;but the Abyssinians of the present day, whoseem to have lost the names of their letters,

call it UA-^SMJ: luiirrAtinA, or tlie nX inUAx:J'C0': in order to distinguish it from

iti:, which they call d>9"

Ih-.-.U-A^^I: ( 2 ) ZA.A'^: ...U-Ci^:

thy m., e.g. rL'"ftJ: "if>y house." (h) to verbs

:

e. g. OB^'U : " he has beaten f/iee." "XT H. 'fvfldt.C : ^XTW : " may God comfort thee /"ngUr: Jpi^J^C^: "may He (i.e. God)make Mee pass tlie uight well!" i.e. "goodnight!" (c) to prepositions ; e.g. tra^l'IliJ:^"'"l^y: "he (it) has come upon f/jee,"" to thee."

2. Afformative of vei*bs in the same person.

(q) pret ; e.g. f^^avy^}; "thou lias

Hd.'i'XiL-- U'ti:!t"J- ( 3 ) iri'-.'ins:-

" food for lying-in women." See Isa. iii. 20.

where the translatorhas used onlyArabic words.

^d.'i'X^' ^ 9'^een, and sometimes confoundedwith rtonj^*^: "light blue," "azure."

Ud,H ' s- wwf, made of straw) but more gene-rally of reeds.

UlT[Orq: s. hassXma, a certain carnivorous andshort-legged animal, resembling a pig in theformation of its head and the nature of itsskin. It is said to live chiefly on dead bodies,which it digs out from burial-grounds.

Urt"^ : Tigr. insect in general. Eth. "IH?i-nrh-O: fSn^: '^d.R'?a: HIJ^: h.X.W'ii^'P^:: "ichereas I am a sinner, T cannotfulfil the law of God;" (literally, /'that Ishould fulfil the law ofGod, will not be to me,"i.e. " is not in my power.")

Ul^: and m.^VL: nom. pr. India. Ar. ^ia

uYi.7r': ...tmn: ( 4 ) UHH: . . . ITJ^:

Heb. >lin. tn^Yl,: is also used for Kai--SuKij, the name of tlie Queen of the Etliio-pians (MERoii, or shendis ?), Acts viii. 27.

UYl,7" : Ar. f,jfJ- physician, instead of theAmh. HA: uo^JY/f"-

UYl.'t': s. ladness, sluggishness, idleness, sloth-

fulness. Eth. from UYlP:: to be idle.lI'Yl^: s. agitation, excitement, commotion, dis-

turbance ; trop. tumult, sedition., insurrection,

revolt. Der. from U(D'Vl : ^th. to agitate, &x.li^VfV' adj. lazy, idle, sluggish, slothful; s.

a lounger, idler, loiterer.

UYlYl: Vid. J^YlYl::UVi^: Eth. and Tigr. id. s. the itch, itching.Ar. Ki-.

IflljZ.: Eth. lazy, an idler. Amh. UYLT?':and ^Tri^::

'iCD'A^: s. (1) obelisk: (The Abyssinians be-lieve that the three sons of Noah dividedthemselves into the three ancient quarters

of the world ; and that each of them erected

an obelisk in his respective country; namely,

Shem in Asia, Japhet in Europe, and Chamin Africa ; that of the latter to be found at

Axum. Concerning the obelisk at Axum,

which is described best by Riippell, the

common people say that Satan made it,as it could not have been the work of man.)

(2) In books, the intermediate space between

two columns on a page, which runs down

from the top to the bottom.

U*Pil: n- pr- hawask, name of a river on the

southern and the eastern frontiers of Shoa

:

derived probably from Ufflrt: or thCDtl- in

Eth. to move; thei-efore, the mover, runner.

Vdp'fl^- the uncontracted form of U-Yl"!-:

q. V. Prov. XV. 6.

UHCTO'lf: Amos ix. 6. Ar. ii*^ a bundle of

wood; any collection of things bound up toge-

ther into one mass. Heb. iT^?^^-

tlH'fl : s. the small chain or thongon the bridle

of horses, mules, or asses, by which they are

guided.

tlHH: Lev. xxi. 20. Ar. ij]j=~ scurf. VHH:^An'"r: sj]}s~ ij j^" infected with scurf,""scurfy." Heb. r\ph'^ herpes, creeping scurvy.

tijp: twenty. Tig. and Eth. (ji^6.:: : K'iJ^: twenty-one. : IhA'Tf: the twenty-second.

UT^: (1) n. pr. of the first Abyss, letter : noi'.

(2) interj. O ! the some as the Greek voca-tive case. T.^': If^i "O Lord !

"

UJ^r'"r: and M^tr^iT't": s. faith, creed,religious persuasion, religion, fl : PKV-"strong," "established," "firm in faith.'''' fJ: P'hKA"^: and T^JEUA: LfjKOigr-^:weak in faith, of liltle faith. : TvSlQi'- thefaith or creed cf the Fathers ; which is thetitle of an Abyss, book, standard of theirdivinity, consisting in an extract from thewritings of Clem. Alex., Tlieophilus of An-tioch, John of Antioch, Dionys. of Antiocli,CvtHIus of Alex., Cluysostora, and others.TJie word is taken from the Syriac.

V^V: adj. the twentieth.Uy^rn't'fl: Rev. xxi. 21. vaKivBos, hyacinth

(a gem).IT^: belly, abdomen. P : 'i>^(^fri't': colic,

gripes. P -. a^fi'palif. diarrhaa. Eth.TriTlJ^: signifying viscus in general, appli-

cable to the heart as well as to the stomachand bowels. Tigr. Yl-flS ' andTl-fl^: ''/tfJEJ":: Tlie 2 radic. in the original Eth.,

which is a soft b, as the modern Greek /3, hasbeen exchanged for w ; which, throwing oft' itscharacter as a consonant altogether, becamean 0, and as such was joined to the /(, intowhich the k has been changed by aspiration.

Cf. Jl*^ and ^5^ which both signify the liver,as the largest of the viscera. And as tothe etymology of IT^: cf. avfQ; forfoinC" 44= f''*' the Eth. \U^: andothers. It is used also tropically, denoting

the innermost part of man or of .things;

e.g. YIQ: RITK: ?*A: (lit. word [or athing, something] is in my belly), i.e. I am

ITR'P*-- ... A: ( 5 ) A:

possessed with a secret. nT^J^C = ^K"-" ivilhin the earth, in the interior of the earth."

Matt. xiii. 40. Tlie same with the Ar. ^Joi.

U^sjo: adj. (If^: belly, and -5-90 : signifyingfulness, lit. full of belly, ventrosus), voracious,

gluttonous, a glutton, one that can eat a large

tjuantify.

tIKC* "'"^i^' *^^^ 3d Abyssinian month, com-mencing in the middle of our November, andlasting to the middle of December.

yj^| : iiKDAG, in a book, the margin at the bot-tom of a page.

V^V' Arab. (Jsr*' Jerem. xvii. 1 1. Amh. "J"^

:

(^.\. jmrtridge. Heb. ^5^3.

in^: but more generally ?i.l^: Amh. Eth. pi.J'ltJ'l-C: Amh. ?ilC^: but seldom used.Deut. xix. 5. town, village, country, like the

Ar. ijjj.

tj'f.^: Ar. -=^ a violent uind, Jer. xxiii. 9.trft: Eur. hup.

\i&,t\- and ?vd.rt: v. a. to scrape, to rake toge-ther. Tigr. lJI.rt.::

U^^fl: s. one that scrapes, rakes together.

U-{.ri: Ar. ^'ii. ^I'KV^Ji:: bat.

A"A: LA, the second letter of the Abyss, alphabet.

It is called lawi, AIJ: (sc. (LRA:) the Iletter, or letter in use to express the / sound.

As to its poicer, it is, of course, a liquid orfluid letter, easily pronounced, and liable tochange. In the Amharic it is often exchangedfor its cognate P: (l)In verbal substantivesending in ai: as uj^; " painter," insteadof ufA.: ; ^^i " mighty," " able," instead ofiFA.:; n^: for HA.: "sayer;" "TDi^.E: for9Ui^/Y_: "resemblance," "kind," sort;"

t'*!>

njj: "receivir," for TI"1A.:; TYl^'^:"follower," for tYlJ-A.: &c. (2) In verbs;(a) in 2 pers. fem. forms, where 3 radic. beingA: is to assume tlie fem. /; e.g. "l"'i'n^Ari

:

for T'lTIA.^iAfi: "thou (fem.) receivest,"" wilt receive." T^^: and Top.: "be filled.

fill," imper, 2 pers. sing. fem. for 7"A.::

(h) in 1 pers. sing, of the constructive mood; e.g.

TtnB: -flK: T^^All": 9JPAU': forT'P'nA-.'nA.iTlnA.KAU-: ?"A.?iiAU-::As in tlie other Semitic languages. A: is

used as a particle, and prefixed to nouns, pro-

nouns, verbs, and adverbs. Its form, in such

cases, is determined by the initial of the wordto which it is prefixed. When prefixed tonouns, pronouns, and adverbs, it is A : if theword begins with a consonant; but if itbegins with an a, a, or e, the A:, assumingthat vowel, effects the elision of the letter

wliich was consonant to it ; e.g.ti tlQ^ : whereit remains as it is. In A1 " instead of A"?\ it has taken up the e without lieing affectedby it. But when prefixed to Y\.f\^ : it be-comes A: forA?*:; the A: is lengthened, theconsonant i\: ejected, and we haveAI'l"::So, also, A^'t': instead of A?\1T:, &e.When prefixed to verbs, it is thought vowel-less in itself (A

) ; so that, when meetingwith "i^: 1: and '^: it is an ^ :; whenmeeting with 'f\- it throws the tx: av^ay, andbecomes A : ; when preceding JE : it caststhe Ji : out, and becomes A. : ; when ,joining the ^: it becomes A.:, and the J?:remains. Infinitives are treated by it in thesame way as substantives. Before the firstpronoun singular and plural, it is usuallyA : sometimes A :: Instances: AJ^C"l: forAh^CT " A^'S'CT : JlffiG^: "give it to him." aWA^ which signifies both, " send to me," and" send/or me" (to somebody else). At: i(D^:"it belongs to me." Jl^.U-A^: "I havewritten to him," or "for {instead of, in favour/)him." ^Uil: (D'rt^A'l': "take this

AUJS;-: . A.A: ( fi ) /\.A: AtTOAyn:

Jo her." ?AU'lA*59": "it would not befor me," i.e. " I did not succeed in it."

AH^: ^niPA: "it is sufficient /or to-day." A0)-"I'C*f : Tfl^C: A=A:: "hegavehimmany things fcesWes the gold and the silver."

A.A: adj. other, different; e.g. TtCfi"- ?.P^A

?": AA: \(Sn: "it is not he, it is another."'>"IH?'vn(h.C: AAffl'T: HC: ?KOA^ : " God has given me another seed," Gen.iv. 25. Eth. and Tigr. VjA>::

A"A: pl- Eth. AAA'"r:: servant-mnn, maleservant. The female servant is called 'It^^K" ' '

A A.""l*: Eth. Tigr. and Amh. s. night. Hd,,:

:

"to-night." P : P^: "night-bird," esp."bat." Wn--A,-X' and aW^^'P:'.

"midnight," " half the night." cf. JjJ and iijiHeb. 7^'?. It is often used to express thetime of day-break and just before, but neverlate in the evening.

A'^'i: V. n. to be green, verdant, fresh, to growverdant, to flourish, trop. to prosper. Gen. xlix.

15: F'^4,: PAOtl^-: {'"1": "the land isverdant, flourishing." Zech. vii. 7 : i^vP*^"^Ay": If: A'F':!': '^ivf-. "when Jerusa-lem was yet (i^errfa?!

A9"A9": . . KflAfnJK: ( ' ) Af^R"- -A.*:

prosperous, flourhhing, i.q. PA""A"i!V*6i!'P* ' s- verdure, freshness, greenness, and

concr. greens, vegetables, adj. green, fresh, &c.

^yn/^oij: s. greenness, verdure, sappiness, flou-rishing state, prosperity, success. Deut. i. 25

:

" they took of its fruit, in order to show us^5U/\aq,Q)^'J : its greenness, or soppiness."Prov.xiv, 23: nfl^: U-A-: AT^An^: .^1jfA: "in every manner of -work, prosperityis to be found."

/^tnj-'f : LEM.lT, s. a sort of table made of twistedreeds.. In Slioa, a sort of large bread-baskets

twisted of grass.

fiOti\: V. a. to beg, ask for, to pray, entreat, be-seech, request, desire. With accus. of the en-treated person and the desired object; e.g.JZlUiT: oaR-rfj^: >kA9nWAlf-:: "laskthis book of you." The person for whom isprayed, is constructed with A : e.g. A9^"JA"?: "ask" or "pray for me."'I-/\iJO^: pass, and med. to be asked, entreated,

and to answer prayer, to grant the desiredobject.

?flA""l: causat. "to cause another topray or to beg," &c.

/\tnj*5: (lamagn, French pronunciation of jm) s.beggar, one who asks, frays, begs, &c.

^ODf : s. beggary, request, entreaty, prayer,petition.

A7n^.: flA9"l" A71,^C" ^%^ '^^for ? for what reason or purpose ?

A9"^ : s. the hairy, untanned skin of animals ;hide.

AODj^: (Ar. jJj Heb. ^^7) to accustom,Jiabituafe oneself to, to become familiar with,

get used to, to learn, to study. ^fl^'SCD'T:

S^^: A'*^,K'W^- " ^o.ve you accustomedyourself to the Abyssinian language ? "

TAODje: id.J^flA*'^]^: caus. and trs., to accustom, habi-

tuate another to something, make acquaintedwith, familiar, used to. >,r't: ^UST: Y\tltiO^S/i-^: "my mother has acquaintedme with this habit."

giOt)^: s. habit, use, custom, fashion, manner.^oi;|-T: "fO):: "to break, off a habit."il^: A^J^I: Tt^Jj^: "he has learnedan evil habit." poooij^'}: A^iJ^: ?flTiDOP- "I'C has caused him to leave off hisAai.f< of swearing." ^Xl: Ao^J^: ^k^YlTA': 5n^.: iOM": "do not follow themanners of the country, for they are evil."

5^^K: h.'iO fttrQ^: "according to thefashion of the country."

A^^fD: V. a. (of knives, razors, &c.) to set,sharpen, on leather. For sharpening on astone, the term T\ti,(SL' is used.^i/\troni: to smack, make a clashing noisewith the tongue in eating (thought indis-pensable in Abyssinia).

/VOEJR: V. n. to be or to become leprous.A9" Jt: s. leprosy ; adj. leprous. Ex. iv. 6. Lev.

xiii. 14.

tiJfo^ffu : adj. leprous ; s. a leper.Art: v. a. to lick, lap. Eth. Afhrt:: Tigr. Ach

ll:: Ar. ^^^ inf. ao/^fj:

ATAI*: . Ail""!: ( 8 ) t^aii: . . , gi-fl:

Eth. A.S'T: and A.ir'a^^-f :: tk.^\'. '^Mf^: "the chief priests." A.*?: i^i^fl:"c/uV/" metropolitan" i.e. " Patriai-ch." poo'}If-"^: A.3'a>'T'"t': "the supreme counsel-lors of the kingdom."

A'PA'I': V. a. to besmear, bedaub, to overlay, toicasft out, to rinse. Gen. vi. 14 : nHfJ.'!*: A^A'Pfl)*: "besmear it with pitch." Ex. xxv.24: na)C^: -n^P: A'^Ag'1': "with goldonly overlay it:" xxxvii. 2: OR-^,: QIC'S'9": A'i*A'I*(D'" "he overlaid it with puregold." ^fl'^'l: .A^A^: "rinse the caul-dron."

'TA'J'A'I*: pass.to behesmeared, &c. Isa.ii.15:

PTA'I'A'I': '^TC: "the bedaubed v;a\\:''TA^'A*!': med. to wash oneself, Lev. xv. 5.^vflA'I'A^: caus. to cause another to be-

smear, bedaub, &c.

A'1*^A4*": V. a. and n. to yield (of a bow whenunbent), to give way, to stretch itself, to beunbent, to be loosed.

?iA4*A4*: act. to unbend, (a bow), to (jiveway, to distend itself.

/^|>^/^f{-.^: s. Tigr. a ceTtnin yramineous plant

.

/\|tra: V. a. to collect, gather, pick up, pick out* and briny together : of cattle, &c. to graze, to

feed. Gen. xli. 18 : ntD-;}: KC: ^A^o':%nC= "they were gathering (sc. into theirstomach, i.e. grazing) by the water-side."This term is used also for the cleansing ofgrain, as corn, wheat, &c., and other fruit.-j-^ j|OTJ : pass, to be collected, gathered, picked

up, picked out.

YifXtk'V^^'- caus. to have collected, to cause to

gather, &c. Ex. xxii. 5: 'SVdlP'i'F*- HJ*fiai}^,: "if he causes his cattle to pas-

ture," PA-AO^I: -nH-n: At'^fiA'P7D: "in order to (so as to) graze (on)

another man s property."

/^ jai]|^: s. the gatherer, collector. Jercm. \i. 9

:

' A3"^: "turn thy hand to the basket, as af\^atl: a)C^= "(;,a//iererof the fruit of theWarka," (which is similar to the sycamore)

:

Amos vii. 14.

A3""t: s. that which is gathered or collected,the collection.

A'I'f': mourning, lamentation, weeping, be-

wailing.

J^A'I'rt: to mourn, to lament, bewail, bemoan,

weep over: Gen. xxi. 16. xxiii. 2. &c.

JsflA'I'l'l: caus. to produce mourning, cause

lamentations, excite to mourning, &c. Lukevii. 32: J^flA'TflTfA^'-lh: "we have ex-

cited (by way of playing) to weeping for you,(i.e. we played in order that you shouldweep), 2\AA1"1^-1>"?"7" : and (but)you did not weep." Eccles. iii. 4.

^Iji^yti; glutton, and one that is fond of dain-ties (such as they are in Abyssinia), lover ofsweetmeats. One of the many titles by whichgluttons are distinguished in Abyssinia. See

ir^l^:: l*IAQ.:: l*nA:: lTi;}n: tll-B"I-n:: f'AfS^PA:: llA:: I*ie.'"l|>^ : " let me go."" Ex. iii. 19 : " but I knowthe king of Egypt," ^k^j^^AS'^^U-: -"Vth.P : Hi.EI': "that he will not dismiss you, soas to allow you to go." cf. pph " to strike,"

" to lick," and Ar. d "to strike."'t'A'l'^: pass, and rcfl. 1 Tim. v. U : tiQ.'V

Qy'l': ^Al'^A-f: "for they abandonthemselves to sensuality." Isa. Ixi. : AlMU^.^ijm: nu'OA'l'^: "and (sc. to preach)to the prisoners deliverance,''^ or concerning(their) being delivered. Jer. xxxi. 22 : AT^: PTA'l'I*n: AM'"- "thouwanfon (ordissolute) girl."

J\A'l"J' : to yawn.

Ai'm : i-rj- A"1K = to joke.AA'ffn: to jest, joke, to scorn, mock cd,Nehem. iv. 5.

Afl: i.5-A9^: tepid, lukewarm. Rev. iii. 16.

A1 : s. quill of birds. Tigr. VlTt'^ ::A'll: s.il)heart,mind,sense,courage,ikc JPIJ^':

A'n: Anil: ( 9 ) AH-fl: . AVI:

A^fl: "unanimous" YlAA'fl: "heartily,"" earnestlyr vi\- PA.AtD': "heartless"" undecided," "unfeeling," " coward," "deject-ed." An : ^1: "sincere," Ps.vii. 10. ^-Xl:Y\t\^dJ}'',"to encourarje," Vs. xxxii. 8. AA-fl: Tn^: "*o speak to the heart," i.e."to encourage,'' 2 Cliron. xxx. 22. Afl-:

P1"KA: "he that has a scarcity of heart(who wants wisdom)," Prov. xi. 1 2.

(2) Tlie interior part, or centre of any thing,as of plants, &c.

(3) It is often confounded with stomach,the various disorders and ailments of whichare generally called PA'fl'- fh'"}?^: "dis-ease ofthe heart." Afl: J?oofA : "my heartgives me pain," an expression denoting a dis-ordered stomach, or general want of appetite,eostiveness, heartburning, gastritis, cardial-

gia, &c. Whilst in this sense I heard a largenumber of patients using this expression, Irecollect only one case, when a complainant,who was a married man, used it to intimatethat he was love-sick on account of the mis-conduct of his wife. cf. the Eth. A'fl : the

Heb. 17 and 117, and the Ar. C_J.A.n : Eth. according to Ludolf, the Greek \i/3a,

ace. of All/', ventus Africus, the south-v:est

wind.

All : s. thief. Exod. xxii. 2.AH : ?AH : s. n-omens drauers.An Aft: '^'- 3.. to singe, to scorch. Lev. ii. 14.A*!?": adj. courageous, brave, prudent, circum-

spect.

AH 90 : s- chamher-pot. A more decent expres-sion than nidi.KAU-: "Iput on theK'ware, and go."

?iAn iTl : trs. to dress, clothe another person.fAnri: pass, and refl. to be clothed, and to

clothe oneself.

A'flti-s. cloth, dress. Gen.iii. 21. Tigr. JlJ^T::Anil: s. clother, dresser. Matt. v. 22. ttl^^:AHH: "one that dresses in rags," Jerem.li.3.

AH'n : s. halter. Ar. (._Jj " breast-leather forthe horse or mule."

Ann.: and AHT : s- intellect, conscience. (It isto be observed, tliat abstract ideas like these

are very much confounded with each otherby the Abyssinians, nor do they attend tophilosophiciil distinctions.)

An-^: and AT""!': s. spark (of fire). Job xli.11. Isa. V. 24.

An-f: ?.?. Ain.:: Ps.x. 17.A.nrfl:: Mount Ze6a77on. P : H^: "cedar-

tree." g-H*:!^: : "Debra Libanos," name ofa convent in Shoa, where Tecla Haimanot issaid to have flourished. P : 'fl^i^'t':XaXKoKl^avov, a species of electrum more

precious than gold. Rev. i. 15.

Anf : s. a reasonable, understanding person.Prov. X. 17.

AHT: '"? Ann." Prov. vii. 4.Ann): V. a. to overlay, to deck, to line, to varnish,

to gild. Ex. XXV. 11: OS"4.: WC.^- A-flmfly*: "overlay it with pure gold." Isa.xxxviii. 21, it is used of the fig which wasIrjid upon Hezekiah's boil, as a plaster.Ezekiel xiii. 12: P:!-A : C^^O^ : PAn "1^y,i^.

" ^vhere is the loam, wherewith youhave daubed it?"

TAnm : pass, to be daubed, overlaid, plastered,lined. Ex, xxvi. 32.

?iriAnfn: caus. to order, to cause (anything) to be overlaid, lined, plastered,daubed.

A-UTi^: s. the lining, gilding, varnish, plaster,daubing. Lev. xvi. 15.

A.'t": s. i.f/. A.A.'I":: night, p : f>^^: "thebird of the night; " i.e. bat, Deut. xiv. 17.

A.'TI'T: adj. light-broun, comp. of f\/p: andfl: signifying a mixture of light and dark-ness, which is conceived to give that colour.

A'tT: Latin. Tlie Latin language.ATi

Ain: ... ACD'A-n: ( 10 ) ACDil: ...TATfflni;

Us measure.'" flH.^' AYI". "just so much,"" according to //lis ?7j easure." oiJ'f|/\'fj: fj^^1: ifly-: "he eats moderately.'"

AY* ' s. the thomj with which ridimj animals aretied and led, leash.

AYI: v. a. to send. Etli. A?iYl: from -which"DA?iVl: " angel," and aoA>iil^: "mes-sage," are derived. Tigr. A?iYL:: Ar.

i)Jl. Gen. viii. 1, 24, 40. Constructed with

(DS,' ^"'l A: "whereto," with the ace." whom," and with A : " for wlioni," " in fa-vour ofwhom;" e.(j. A^A.'}: >A^A*IAU-:(DS" TrTM*:: " I idll send a servant /or youto the king." 2 Chr. xxx. 1 : A>iA"

AO^T: . .. TA^P: ( 11 ) A: . A":

Afl>'T: s. change, suhstitulion, alteration, com-pensation, restitution, And the exchangedthing. Sec; i.q. AT^U.: q. v. Ex. xxix. 11 :P:i(n,7\^: AtD'T: iay-i":: "for it is arestitution for sin (sin-offering)." Luc. x\-iii.30: .el'tlAA: "Kl.^: AOXn-l: "buthe will receive its compensation.'''' Jer. xxii.11

: nTt5:A(l>'?': "in s!(to7u/;on insteadof his father."

/Vq>C}>: s. the money-changer, banker. Markxi. 15.

ATcp.: s. the thing exchanged, substituted, thesubstitute, change. Lev. xxvii. 10.

AthA: adj. and verb, (from ADA: Eth. to behigh) high, exalted. In Amh. used only forthe Most High, God. Gen. xh^. 18.

AOAf: Eth. highness, loftiness, exaltation, su-premacy. Isa. xxxiii. 3.

AChJl : Eth. one that is sent, messenger, pi.AQ-'hl:: "J-fl^: AO'^1: "Acts of theAjyostles.'" Rad. AOYl: Eth. AVl : Amh.

AHfl: V. n. to be smooth, sleek, polished, soft.?\AHR: V. a. to smooth, to polisli, to sleek,

to soften, to chisel. Ex. xxxiv. 1 ; J^Afl flII : R'^^'fl: "polishing chisel," (imp.) Jobxxiii. 16: >i"JH.?i'nfii.C: Aai: ?iA"H-flTAr: "for God hath softened myheart"

ATI"!!: s. and adj. softness, smoothness, polish

;

soft, smooth, polished. : i\^d.'}: i-: " God has divided myenemies by my hand."

AK'^: s. Eth. birth, imtivity. n^A: A^''!':and merely AS-t-: "Christmas." PAgT:2\roT: "the year of the birth" {i.e. ofChrist), rad. ffiA^:

Aj^: s. child, either male or female, but chieflymale; for sometimes the female is distin-guished by the termination 'itoo, A^f: orA^"!::: It is applied to animals, and evento plants, as well as to men ; signifying in the

Air:. .AU."^: ( 12 ) i'X7^:.. Aflim:

former case, the young animal; in the latter,sprout, shoot, &c. They even go farther,calling copy the son or daughter of its pattern;e.g. PKA/t"- i^. "the copy of any writtenthing." As to men, it is appplied to themveiy long, often until they reach theirmiddle age. They will say of a man of forty,A^: i&- "he is a chihl" (young man);and of a woman of the same age, AJ^: T't* ""she is a child" (a young woman). Prtfl)':A^: "soH of man," "the son of man;"' andin opposition to HCJP: (slave),free-born,free.The same mode of speaking occurs alsowith the Abyssinians as with the Jews, ofcalling a person of such and sucli an age theson of so many years; e.g. Pfl'lj: ti.^J^''l':A^: iQh: "he is the son of sixty years,"i.e. "is sixty years old:" although they pre-fer Oj^"^a>: fl^: KOU'T: iOh:: rad.CDAK" Eth. (DA^:: Tigr. (DS,- Ar.jlj Heb. ih'^ Russian icitsh. Gr. vio^.

Lat fdius. Ital. figVw. Fr. fils. Engl. lad.Even in child., and the Germ, kind, a simi-larity to that Semitic root may be acknow-ledged.

tk^\^: s. childhood, young age, state of a child,sonship. Rom. viii. 15: PA^lfc'^: D'5

TAfnm: ihroA"^A: ( 13 ) fhODon: .. .d^Qi'V-

(a gun); to strain (the strings); &c. Rev. iv. 3:

PTA HIm 'I'fl '1" : " ^KC3A^: "we will make their land de-voted (to destruction)." Ar. Jy^ Heb. DIH.(2) weeds, tares.

^Cyo^; 2)rohibition, devotion, vow. Num.vi. 9.

th^Q: adj. & s. Eth. hot, and heat, kv.ji-.diO^: Eth. YxCyV- Amh. s. freedom, liberty,

independence, and, sensu malo, dereliction, state

of solitariness. Constructed withffl"!: andwith ?i(Dni:: : CD"!: "he became /ree,"Johnviii. 33. Ps. Ixxxviii. 4 : fhO'"!"- PD^U*: Yi- "I have become free," sc. frommen, &c.; i.e. deserted. : ?i(D"il: to

the.1. . d\H\: ( 14

Vid.

) AiWi: rhK.fl:makefree, set at liherly, liberate, deliver.

did.1: s. shoot of a vine. Vid. ?i"i:: Gen. xl.10. xlix. 11.

illrt't": s. lie, falsehood, untruth, deception,deceit. Ex. viii. 29: n : m^: to lie,io deceive; ihflf: ITJ: "it was found anuntruth." Alias, T^tl't-: q.v. Rad. thflQ):Eth.

(h1*]^: adj. Etli. false, lying, deceitful, untrue.plur. dirtuh-t"::

thTO" : V. a. to seal, to stamp ivith a seal ortype, to print, imprint, impress. Vid. J^ftTO:and -^TtTO:: .inf. aniH^-x-ijOi the sealing,printing, &c., the seal, print, press, the type.

A%'X^' 'iiid 'J:^mi: s. sealer, printer.rhi^9" : adj. & verb, sealed, stamped, pressed,

printed.

A%\ii\t\: V. n. to sneeze. Vid. KViUfl::fh"^^: s. sob, sobbing, hickup, hiccough. In

Shoa, flt;,^::

chTC.P: s. Eth. pl.fhTCy't":: apostle. P

:

t\&.: "Acts of the Apostles."' Eth. 'q-nQ:OiVCy^:: Rad. ch^O "to go about."

chCDrt: Eth. to move, to be sensible. At.Heb. lyin.

AiTfl: s. pi. fhT'^t": Eth. organs of sense, bywhichwe receive impressions upon our minds.Ar. Auu^, pi. ir-'}=^. Also a more decent

name than "flA^: for sexual organs. Gen.ix. 22.

thTh:n.pr. iiXwash. Vid. UTh"ch4'fl: s. the thong on the bridle, by which

horses, mules, &c. are guided. Vid. pfl't""rh'H'fl: s., pi. ^^rhH'fl: Eth. people, nation.

Gen. X. 5. Ar. i^^ agmen.

rhT-fnS^: adj. vulgar person, plebeian, heathen.

Act. iv. 13: ?i(D*: rojj^: pa^iyap'^:fiq)"^: "hriRin-. aiTna).P19: theyknew that they were people not knowing theScriptures (or books, i.e. uneducated) and of

thfe lower class of society."

rfiHl: generally hHi- v.n. to regret, mourn,be grieved, sorry, sad, dejected, to repent; to

U^

spare, to save,to withhold. vid.?\Hi" Ar.^^^.rhHT: and I'lH'J: fj.v. s. ajjliction, grief sorrow,

sadness, regret, repentance, mourning, pity. Ar.

Gen. xlii. 38.

Eth. to live. Ar. r^"- Pleb. nipT.V. n.tnPCD- " i:jiu. (o iive. yir. ^^-?ihPQ): v.a. to vivify, quicken, animate, give

life, cure. Not used in Amliaric.

ihJPO)': adj. living, fern. h\SGi^'^- pl- rh^P1:: Heb. ^H Ar. l/^. In Eth. andTigr. it signifies also healthy, vigorous, verygood.

rli,pa)'"r: s. life. Gen. i. 30. .Heb. n^Il Ar.

Ui. PHAA7": A^Jiffl'T: eternal life.di.K: v.a. Eth. YlPK" Tigr. Yl.!?:: logo.

Gen. ii. 1 4. di,K = V on/ft ""lA U- : " I will go,

and come back." d,J^l>: "I am gone " (in-stead of " / will go," >i(h.KAlh:). an ex-pression always used by visitors on the pointto leave, declaring their intention to go, ifyou allow it. A civility. VnlnnC^fn^: I'l: fh.KtI: (D^: tVli^'i: I'.^C'SAtl : " ill how many days' journey do youarrive from Ankober to London?" JPil:OJi-Yl^: dn,^: ^lAffi'^'T": "I do not remember of ever having gone by that road."?id,.^: (1) cans, to cause to go, to lead,

to guide, make go. Lev. xxvi. 13: ITf'f:oo^^^: J\fh.^iU': "on a straightway have I led you."(2) to thresh, i.e. to make the corn go outfrom the ears. 1 Cor. ix. 9. Isa. xxviii. 23.

?ifldi.K : caus. to cause to go, to make go, tolead, to take; e.g. ^tl: ooilj^: (DR: i\n"!: JPfldi.^*IA: "this road will takethee to Abyssinia."

jlfi_g"qa:s. a house built of stone and clay, witha fat roof. The mere flat roof also is some-times so called.

AS*'.: Vid. J\K

All: an::

G.' ^SSi-' "^^^^ ^^h' book," i.e. Bible.fhj^ ^'"l": "the Epistles of the Apostles."

( 15

pi,

) ?::oijyoo'AW:

Ar. J^ Heb. pnAl:s. Eth. pl.Ai3:J'ri^f|: "iAiA: A^AfL: PHT: 'Jl-M*: "Eras Sah-hela Selasse, the king of Shoa."

rhOf!: to wash. Alias KKD : q-v. Num. viii.21.

th^'i- s. an infant, a sucking child, meton. ayoung person, pi. fhgf't*: Gen. xxxi. 28.Rad. rfiO^: Eth. to nourish, educate, train,especially to suckle.

rTi^lTc"!": s. state or age of a sucking child,

infancy, childhood. Yl : j^'P'C: fiomchildhood, from birth or infancy, from themother s womb.

A6.dl"f: Rom. i. 26. i.q. 0^^.^^: ^^.d.^-and "K^C"- - shame, disgrace, ignominy, in-famy, pudenda, bashfulness, shyness.

" on::

OD:: MA, the fourth letter of the Abyss, alphabetIts name is ^L\i om]^:, probably for i^l*^:the M letter. Before other labials, as inother languages, it is used sometimes in thesixth fomi, instead of the liquid 1:; e.g. (J)9nC= instead of CDlfiC: ^^e seat. (J)1^

trnv^njoy:. .

.uq/y:

( 16 ) o^f\z... ?f|aijA:nouncenhh wilhont aspiration, a low voice.Vid. Golius s. v. Job iv. 1 2.

OOAA: .fo^Arirt: ( 17 ) ?\flw"Art:-- ""A+:

""AA:T'^JAA: fo entreat, beseech. Rom. i. 9.Ps. xlv. 12.

qD/\/v: a. oblong. 'JP/\f\: 5.fl: "oblongliead." Lud.

ODArh*!*: s- is used Act. xx.l5. for anchor; andch. xxvii. 28. for sounding-lead. Eth. anchor.

9DA9"A: s.footman. 1 Kings i. 5. -OOArt: V. a. to repeat, to return, bring back, to

turn back, to convert, to reply, to answer, to re-

compense, restore, retaliate; e.g. PCDlll^lf-l-T: ooAfllhAtl: "what I have taken,I have given back {returned) to thee.'" 1 Peteriii-9: fiVl^V": VltJ.: /'n-^ooAB'h

:

"neither return evil for evil." Mai. iv. 6:

"he shall return {convert) the heart of tliefathers to tlie children," Jer. xxxi. 18 : otjAfV\ : " convert (or turn) thou ?ne." ft.t'^A("jog/YU, : "and I shall be converted." In theGospel, the expression, "Jesus answered andsaid unto him,'''' is always properly rendered,

piVfl: craAriA-l-: J^AT":: Isa. Ixv. 24:^^K

tnAhln: ...7nAVl-t': ( 18 ) 2\o"AY1T: ..o^AS::

e.g. " Is there any thing to be had ? " Answer,OOA-t-: MALTo! "Oh plenty!"'

JO^J^Vl: and seldom od/\V1 : s. angel Eth.

pi. "A'?tl-t':: Ar. cJlo' Heb. "^kVp.Gen. xxiii. 6 ; xlviii. 16, &c. It is used onlyfor angels ; and when for human or othermessengers, it is figuratively or metony-mically, as Gen. xxiii. 6. Rad. A?vYl: Kth.1 Cor. iv. 9. vi. 3.

006i7f\'r\'\"- s. fern, letter, message, ministry,

office, service. y.U-y-: oo^y^Yl^:-1-^^ti:(DR: (^^^^n.T:) "may this letter reach"(its reader). The usual address with thename of person and place to which the letteris directed, written inside before the begin-ning, and outside on tlie back. 2 Cor. iii. 3

:

P5lCfl--h: ovgi^Yi^'z . . . ^A: 'Pti'P*:P't*'H

oqAK: tro/\frj: ( 19 ) 9D^T: . . .avavfitl:

nYlQt^' t"7AK- "^'^ '"*'' n)A: "thy light shallbreak forth as the morniny." Ezek. xlvi. 14 :

ri'^A^: IhA": "every morniny.'" ot}^^;^A."^: id. V. 15.

^^\S, y- s.a bracelet of brass, which (in Shoa)the soldiers that have killed a Galla in warare permitted to wear on their wrist.

troyvlP: s. object ofscorn,joke, andjest; scorniny,jokiny, jesting ; scorn, joke, jest, j)lay.

troAlT--: oAlK-: act. ooaT?: o^JAlR-"pass, infin. of A^^1: and ATR" playiny,jokiny, jesting, scorning ; play, joke, jest, scorn.

^AT^fcs that which excUes to, and causes play-ing, scorning, joking, jesting. Nehem. iv. 4.' object of the same : " tn^i^irEI,: U-Wii':"for we liave become the objects of scorn,"" spectacle."

o^A^lMl: id. Job xxx. 9."^AfT): V. a. to fall out (used of hair).

j-tiD/^ ffl ; V. p. & n. (of the head), to loosethe hair, to have the hair falling out. Lev.

xiii.40,41: i.ffi": Pto^tktU: rtO^:?\CXt-: l-X: i': 'iR^fhU^: id^: "theman whose head has lost its hair, is bald, and(yet) is clean." Yifnf^tfl^ : R'h^.: fl.owAT: "XCl'f: ^fi- Hd.: /KO-: "and ifthe hair fall out from the crown of his head,he is bald-pated."

2\cro/^fn: act. to fall out, to escape, glide out.Of the hatchet : Deut. xix. 5:

?^

oofroAn:...oJUJCJP: ( 20 ) ouju'i.: ..."^Itf.:

0000^1^ : s. the mefins, instrument, or place ofreturn, restoration or conversion.

aTj^l\\l: inf. of i'vt'DAin" "*'' worskippin(jorservingGod, dh'ine service, reH(jious exercises,

religion. "IfJ-^'T: : "the worship ofidols," " idolatry."

"o^^IaS,: s. present, presented by an inferior

person to a superior. Ps. xlv. 12. Rad.cnj/\g: "to rise early."

trotJijf^: inf. of "V^^^'- learning.trqtrqCz inf. of K"^ ill" pleasantness, agreea'ole-

ness, loveliness, beauty.

oooijil: s. i.q. autp^^Qy: a toolfor tillingthe gi-oimd, halchet (a spade might be called

so, but they have none). Rad. o^f\::ooeyn-f-^: inf. of onj-;: the beating, striking,

&c.

OOfpi^z s. hammer (instrument of beating),that which is struck in stringed instruments, i.e.

string, i.q. (DTC-crooD^'1-: inf. of 'I"OiJ^: desire, inclination,

lust, appetite, appetency.

ODCTOH^: s. weight (means for weighing).Rad. OOH5::

auaii'^"^: inf. of TtnjT'T" dispute.oijano^: inf. of 0f9- apostacy, rebellion,

wickedness.

JO"IA: iof- of IM^:: painting, drawing, de-

picting, description.

ynwiA.: Vid. T^iliA.:oi)Uj/^c|>^: s. object of joking, playing, scorn.

Nehem.'ii. 17. Rad.-rwiAl*: Vid. iUA^::ooui^th: Ar. ^^ Heb. n;;dT3, the Messiah,

the Anointed One, 6 Xpurros.

ou^uffifiz Vid. ooflAfi"9^]^6.^: s. East, sun-rising, inf. Eth. of

OOUJ^T: v.n. to ground, to found, lay afoun-dation.

X'OUIXJ^'V- pass, to be grounded, founded.

tniVJ^'^- s.foundation, ground. 1 Cor. ui, 11.

ao^u.^: inf. of IU

foii^: tmyatj^i ( 21 ) t"cro^.cro4: . . . aoi.6.\''t-.

you." "I sympathize with," "feel for you."

'hrm.rvtXib^O ^orj^ip; "may God havemercy upon you!" or merely ^inj^Cp: acivil expression which is addressed to a per-son when sneezing; as in Germany, " gesund-heit

!

"" prosit ! " " your health ! " When a

child sneezes, they say: ^^^'"liJ: (or Jp^J^"lh :) " may He let thee gi-ow up ! " Theanswer is: jfi-^cp: "may He cause you toabide ! " " may He establish you 1 " instead of" I thank you." ^i"! H. J^fl di.C JEoJ ^JJ) :is also a wish addressed to a diseased per-son

;and in addition: >"lH.?.'fl'J:^1S= 1?t^"2All": "I learn the Amhariclanguage." If: f7"C'P^i': S.VP' ^flto^Q J\J&^A7^^ : " as he is yetlearning, he cannot yet teach well."

^fl't'Orq^J^: trs. to teach, instruct, inf. oijfifOfjQ', teaching, instruction, doctrine, fl

instruct you in the Gospel."OT}Q: s. honey.ovi.ihj'V' s. guidance, conduct, direction, lead.oo^OD^: v. a. to inquire, search, examine, inf.

aufnjaii(^:: "the making inquiry ;"" in-quiry," " examination^ Ps. xi. 4: ^ono^^

&.ti:: " they examine.'^ >5J^'IjT : Jc^^'t^T"&.Ai "he examines into the (state of tlie)righteous." xxvi. 2 : o^C^d.^ : " searchme out."fOD^ao^: pass, to be inquired into, eia-

TP.iued, searched, inf. ftncm^axiC.:: ^7UCt^ 'Y'Oo^orDC^ "may my doctrinebe examined I "

t^^^iJ'^^d.- act. to search, in order to settle

accounts (reward or punish). Ps. x. 13:

" he says in his heart, thou wilt not search

into (neither punish) it." Ezek. xxxiii. 6

:

"6.0'V--'"iCn'V: ( 22 ) o^do-'Vi'V: . ..To*;H:

"'i.O't': ifl- Prov. xxxi. 6 : "do not givemead or grapes" ni^'I^Oh: "o^.^'l"A

"raC^H: o

oof]/\:. .. "uflfn^y: ( 24 ) o"rt^: .

.. a^^lt^'iy:

"rtA: V. n. to be similar, to rescmhlp, fo like.impers. with suff. pret. tiurtA"!: tJ:ira)': T"'r: &c. : "it seemed (or seems) tome," "to thee," "toliim," "toher,"&c. pres.JE"of|A^A: " it seems to me," " I suppose,""I believe." Ar. Ji^ Heb. ':3\r;p.T^J^rtA: pass, to be made similar, like, or

resemJjling. Hosea xii. 10.J^fjonortA: caus. fo assimilate, to make to re-

semble, render jirobable, and tliereoy topersuade and to deceive.

?f|cnJi^/\: id. cliiefly sensu malo: to de-ceive, by representing untruth as truth.1 Tim. iv. 2.

J^^OA.: s. likeness, similitude, resemblance,

image, figure ; and meton. parable, example,

representation, proverb. Vid.^ouiA: Ar. JjU,Heb. ht'O.

TC

9^nA: s. image, figure, resemblance. Ar. JJU.Lev. xix. 4. 1 Sam. xix. 13. Isa. ii. 16.

tJ^i^A: s. tvlietstone, hone. Rad. ^A::''"rtAA: and 00OA.A: s. stairs, ladder.

Al. tmapm: cro(D'4g:: Ar. 1^ and jH.G: n. xxviii. 12. Ndiem. iii. 15.

onfi/^fl: s. a measure of solids, containingtwelve oa|\::

O^jflAl.: and OUflAi." s. representative, lieu-terumf, of a king or prince. Comp. of croj^^

:

like, and "iFti,: I ; i. e. like me. Dan. ii. 48.tnJ07: inf. of i^cjro:: the kissing, a kiss.auf}axtQ: s. line, rule.aof\ax3(^y: s. a ruler, instrument for makinglines or rules.

uuiiai}Qy: s. pasturage, place for grazing andpiisturing. Num. xxxii. 2.

trofiaoQ^: id. Job xxxix. 4. Rad. rtowj^::ouflinj'l": inf. act. of fio^:: hearing, senseand act of hearing, esp. answer to prayer.

ao^arj-'i-. inf. pass, of Ttl^l" hearing (i.e.the being heard), answer to prayer. 2 Chr.

xxxiii. 19.

tnjfimi'l-: inf. of ?irtorq:: sorcery, witchcraft.

t^oftw^JP: s. hearing ; sense, faculty, organ, in-

strument, place and act of hearing. 2 Sam.xxii. 45.

""ll^: Deut. xviii. 11. Perhaps a sott ofsoothsayers.

^nflC: s- coll. lentils. Tigr. 'nCS\'^"y^flC' ^^' s- a kind of wind-instruments.

Lev. XXV. 9.

^Di^f-; s. a hatchet, used instead of our axe.Deut. xix. 5.

7fld: m. ^-f:: fem. Egyptian, instead ofy"A"d ::

"jfiC- s- a common earthen boiling-vessci,used for any sort of kitchen-work. Ezek.xlvi. 14.

.

Rad. Krt^::""rt^iCJ?" s. 1 Kings vi. 31. I do not knowwhat tliis word signifies. From its deriva-tion from tlie Eth. t\^d,' to lay a founda-tion, it should be the same with ou lU ^""1'

:

foundation, and this passage ^i'Tofl't': "^

l^4C^: ^AO-V: oog-^Vl : would then be" a post, or posts, ivhich had five foundations.'^For the Amharic |*|^^ : being used for ridingand sailing, it cannot be the root of thisnoun.

o^fl

trofi^^: . . . avfi'fifinyi ( 25 ) ooil-"f : .. . ourtl^^:

Hebrew Tt7)}, the idea of ascending to the

altfjr (Eth. Vd.1: like the&brew rh^) pre-vails. Num. XV. 2-1. 1 Sam. xiii. 9.

ODflx Jp: s. peg, piece of wood stuck into thewall, to hang things on. Any tiling whichserves for this purpose.

^fl4*""r"r : inf- of ?ifl't") :: the exciting toanger, exasperation, irritation.

t^^rt'O: inf. of 2\rtn: the thinking, reflection,consideration.

"jr*"!!: and qui^-rfi; s. a straw basket, wideabove and narrow at tlie bottom, having aflat rim below to stand upon, into which theyput their thin cakes of bread : a bread-basket,

(diSerent from 'I>9"'nccL: q-v.)

orort'flrt'n: inf. of rtnrtfS:: the gathering,

collection. PA'fl : : "devotion."

frofi-flrt-fl^P: s. place where, or vessel in

which, or instrument by which, any tilings

are collected. P(D^:i:- -the collection,reservalorij, of water."

ooi^."!-: inf. of flT: the erring, failing, error.

Ofifi^: inf. of ?i"lT: misguidance, seduction.

^nfl't-is. a tick, or insect which lives upon

animal matter; found generally in the

earth, and also on several animals. Tigr.

ai)fi'l-at]ry: s. place ^nd means for instruc-tion; i.e. school, school-material, school-hook,

&c. Had. riflTo^dL"oufiT'^tlA: a. Eth. gracious. Ex. xxxiv. 6.mjfl-l-uf^^: a. Eth, scornful, the scorner,

mocker, derider, scoffer, hanterer. Prov. xxi. 1 1

o^flTfl^.P: and inf. ^mfltfl^X"- s- recon-ciliation, and meam of reconciliation; expia-

tion, mercy-seat, throne of grace, offering for

reconciliation. Ex.xxv. 17. Rad. ?vf|Tf84P =Vid. rt4P::

"oflTflC^- ^'^J- conciliating, conciliatory, dis-posed to be reconciled. Ex. xxxiv. 7. Nehem.

ix. 17.

of'jfSJ'rtn.y : and (njfi:Ml'f1JP: s- memorial,a means of reminding. Had. 'f\Cl^fltl'- Vid.

"^fll"*?A : inf. of ^iflTTA " comprehension,understanding.

iqflt'CD't': and sometimes oijfi^P'^: s.looking-glass. The Abyssinians use so todenominate every glass-table aiid glass-window, not being used to articles of glass.

oofif: s. canal, channel, ditch, aqueduct. Ex.vii. 19.

owfi: MusANNA, s. Tigr.-nrtr: a tree, grow-

ing chiefly on the eastern confines of Tigreand the Shoho country : its bark is taken asa powerful remedy against the tape-worm.The Shohos call it'Tl-ou^:: Vid. f 1^"- and

ofiS.:and cnojiw^j,: 2 ICings xx. 14. 2 Chr.xxxiv. 22. Vid. au^w^::

oiJrt^: V. n. to be miserable, frail, feeble. Ps,

cvii. 17.

rortl'?*: s. a stringed instrument, harp), lyre,

fiddle.

oursrVl^: . . l^flO: ( 26 ) mjilHl: ?i00rt*ll:O^rtrYl^: s. place and means far stumblin;/,

stumbling-block, trop. offence. Rad. "f l^fYlA:: Vid. niTRA"

O^rirVlJP: id. trs, Ezek. xi. 18.0"fll

ToortTl: . . . 2\

ot|Timj-"t-: . . . ooJlpT": ( 28 ) frtjjl^p: ...an^f^m:

oofiffO'V: inf. of JT^'r: and Thf^T" ""'buying and selling, trade, commrrrp.

*"*i'io3p: s. subject, means, nnd place of tradeand commerce, therefore (1) merchandise

;

(2) money or barter, as cJUTt-f: and OTi7& ::(3) shop or other place of commerce.

^pX\d,' V. n. to be bridegroom or bride, tomarry.

f'hr*^.: s. pocket. Bl.ooJXT: inf. of ti,(V\:: the selling, sale.O'^n^i': s. covering, curtain, veil. Ex. xxxiv. 33.

aO'!>: adj. tvarm.au^fp:: s. paste, cement.o^^:: a sack, large hag, made of coarse cloth;

a kind of black and very coarse woollen clothmade in Abyssinia, the only species of theirwool manufactures. Gen. xxxvii. 34. InShoa, it is called 'HT'lt'"

qofj*: v.n. /o/jezcarm. Ps. xxxix. 3.J\qn|>: v. trs. to make warm.

fTOfpf^rfo^i s. a large knife. Gen. xxii. C.oo'l'A'nA'n : probably a gale of wind, gust,

storm.

OD^A"^: s. a convex earthen plate used as acover foi' the ou")'J: ^. t-.

f^^^A*^: s. instrument and place for melting,founding, crucible, foundry, &.C. Rad. ^AfTl"

^^^'I^^A&JP: s. instrument for shutting up, lock-

ing up, lock, key. Ex. xxvi. 5, it stands for

loop, and it is also generally used for buttonand button-hole. Rad. ^ti^--

aDi>ao|: makmvk'o s. the yellow, bitterishroot of a plant which, together with cori-ander-seed and onions, is put into butter whenmelting, in order to preserve it from becom-ing- stroncr and untastable.

crD^^_P: s. place where, or means whei'eby

any tiling A/anc/s. PGp;^: mi^ipjy: Eccl.ii. 6. " pond,' " pool,'" " marsh," " mire." Rad.

aotpSMJfJj,: s. (1) seat. Ex. xxv. 13. wronglyfor ooj^Yl9"^:: (2) buttocks (as means ofsitting). Rad. fTt^Ofn::

ilo^WJQft- : s. punishment, chastisement. Gen.xii. 17. Rad. I>UI

ao^^OEt,: . . . inj4>^^9ii: ( 29 ) tro^K^J?' "^"^y-

stamping, minting, the mint, stamp, engrav-

ing tool, &c. Rad. r^^^Q,y: s. waistcoat, jacket

.

tnJI>fl: s. Ar. ^^^oLo, scissors. Jer. xxxvi. 23.

oii4Hi|^mi:: Matt.xvii. 27. Job xl. 25.

onj^fHy: s. meansfor burning, fire-brand, fuelRad. T^'mA"

'^S'fn^: means and jpZace for making fire.Lev. iii. 1 1 . Num. xxviii. 10.: P : odUJa>'^: "the burnt-offering altar." 2 Chron.

xxix. 18. Rad. i\g>mA::cmJH.|5^^_p: s. tool for, digging, tilling theground; which, in Abyssinia, is a hook, mat-

tock: inEvLTO^e, a. spade, shovel. Rad. 4*~d.^"ooq : s. bloodless offering, Eth. aan> : munussacrum quod ad altare affertur. Ps. li. 19.

Lud. Rad. n%>t- Eth. Heb. ia Ar. ^b"to enter."

f^TJA: s.food, nourishment, meat. Rad. flA::o^ntVY". s. widow. Eth. >vn,iv./^'.

.

OD'fiA^: inf. of flA: the eating,food, meat.fiv-f\d.^:s. lightning. Tig. nC*;^:: -^.r. j_^

Heb. p-^l. Ex. ix. 23.' T T

*^0'U&.^: s. light (Jnmen). E.x. xx. 18. inf. offlO'.' common people often misplace the con-sonants, saying OBf^ci'V::

'"J'fl

om^ : . . . OD-i-tnjaij-Y-; ( 30 ) ro"*|'0ij'^ct: . , . ooj-fl)^:njj-: v.a. to beat, strike, k-nocL Gen. xii. 17.J^j^l: ^'TO^A: "he knocks at the door."inf. mupj-j'-'i'::1-oo^ : pass, to he beaten.i^P^'J"- used Isa. iii. 16, of a certain motion

of the feet, to mince."torq-J-: used o{ the iremhling of the knees, to

knock against eacli other, Dan. v. 6 ; also ofthe chariot, to roll awaij, Nahum ii. 4.

;^^f^iro^: caus. to cause to strike,' beat, &c.on-^: hundred, oo-f-: Vi^ui^: or oo-^: ^7"1: "one hundred and fifty."

OO""!-: coutr. from 7(D'-'l': adj. Scs.dead.pi. OD^J^'J: Gen. xxiii. 13.

n^^: grandmother on tlie mother's side, the'mother s mother. 2 Tim. i. 5.

o^J": s. evening. Gen. i. 5.o^^: s. watchman in the streets. InShoa,theguard is called so, who has to watch theentrance to the capital in the king's absence,

in order that no person enter or leave itwithout permission from the king's repre-sentative : also those watchmen who watch,during the king's absence, the streets of thecapital by night, in order, principally, to pre-vent the wives of his soldiers, thus left alone,from being seduced. They are to allow nobody,except little children, to be seen in the streets

after sun-set and during the whole night.

fefo-fi': a. death. Gen. ii. 17. Heb.niQ Ar.

qo'l': \.n. to die. Gen. ii. 17. Heb. n^J3 Ar.

cLU Eth. OUS^-T::9" J"A: s. Eur. metal.awi-/\f\Q^y: s. jmssage, open wag, main road..

Often with 00^7^:: pouTI^: "TAA^^: "passage of the road." Matt. xxii. 9.

Prov. ii. 15. Cant. ii. 9, it is used, wrongly, for

"lattice-work." Rad.TAA.^" Vid.hAd.::9"'"rrh'r: s- (0 spectre, apparition, phantom,

hobgoblin. Matt xiv. 26. (2) nervous head-

ache, megrims. (3) continuedfever. Slioa.

av\-UTjai}^^ : passionate temper and disposition,sul)jection to the dominion of passions. Rad.

foooo : and ^fuiiai} -.: Vid. ^troao::

tm^tnfi^^: Eur. mathematics ; mathematical.oo^oti'}: inf. of J^au\: confidence, trust.

Vid. ?\005:OD^otil': object of confidence. Ps. xl. 4: "X"!H?v'fl(kC: oo5-oijf'(|>ii: p\y\: "tbe ob-ject of whose confidence is the Lord," i.e. " hethat trusts in the Lord.

"^'"t'CJ^A.ji'T: Gr. fxcTpo-KoKtrri^. metropolitan.oa-^tX-fl: inf of^lin: (Vid. ?irtfl:) remem-

brance, recollection, memory, commemoration.

""^-rtn.;?: and t^^^Jftl-il^ : s. memorial,monument. Synon. with mi'^rt'IlJP: whichbeing derived from the causative ?i"Tlrtn;.signifies a thing which reminds you ; whereasooj-j^-fl^p:, from its passive origin, denotesa thing by which any person, event, or thing,is remembered. Ex. xxviii. 12.

t"i'"r'3'A' s. Ar. Jlixo a weight, a sum of

money, ducat, sequin. Gen. xxiii. 15. for the

Heb. h^VJ,

oij'f--fl: Eth. DJOT'n: s. sign, mark, especi-ally thatmorA of Christian profession by whichthe Abyssinian Christians distinguish them-selves from non-Christians, and widch con-sists in a cotton or silk cord hantjin"; on theirnecks. They prefer a blue silk cord to anyother ; but in Shoa, where silk is rarer, theycontent themselves with even v;hite cotton.

inj-f-^: s. a stand, properly for the mead- orbeer-jar, standing on which the beverage isemptied. Exod. xxv. 27. it is impro])erlyused instead of U^tlf*: "carrying-pole."

OB^-t": s. i.(p cro-"i-(j,-t-: used in Shoa forcontinualfever.

oxi'l'Yiy: s. plug, peg, esp. tent-pjeg. Ex. xxvii.V 19. Rad. tYIA::*"J'l7(pfl : D. pr. Matthew. Every first year of

the Abyssinians' four-years' cycle is calledMatthew, in honour of the Apostle, whomthey probably consider as that year's tutelarsaint. The other three are called nftcn- thethree other Evangelists. St John is patronof the leap-year.

OD^O)^: and ouj-tpo)^: inf. of ^(D'p:and ^Tfl)*!*: acquaintance, friendship. The

'CTP-)- or aA.A.:>'^~

OD^HTI: tro-JA.t-: ( 31 ) "":JA^: 9"'l:

objcctof theAbyssinians' firstvisi't, which theypay to any person, is to apply for oo^(DJ:or oo^qpcD^: with him. Rad. ^i"!*::

OD^HTrt: inf. of ^HH: obedience, submission.Vid. ?iHH::

cro^'_|jf|: inf. of ^^fl:: renewal, renovation.

"^fD^*^: s. fjirdle, belt, sash. Ex. xxviii. 4.Rad. :^m'|>:: Vid. ml'::

on^fD'flJP: and nn^Kic: c. wash-basin,wash-pot. Ex. xxxviii. 8. Rad. ^I'Kfl: Vid.

2\Kn::ff^^^^: inf. of

't**}^:: spitting, vomiting.

OD^:: OD^:: and ou'-y-:: adv. when? >ij*lYl : : " till whenf" "how long?" Ex. x. 3.Job vii. 4.

9^'f'^: and to'}^^: s. pot, earthen pot orjar. Ex. xvi. 3.

o^^TnC,P= s. nail, and nailing instrument.1 Chr. xxii. 3. Rad. ^iYl^::

*ro^Vb-A: inf of ^Yl^A: the hasting, haste,speed, diligence.

"^'iA.'t*: MAiiELih', Eth. s. song, hymn, music.2 Chr. vii. 6: P : "5^3* : musical instrumentand instruments, ^t: 'T? A.^: the outmostpartition of the Church, where the congre-gation assembles ; corresponding to our nave,and consisting in a circular space surround-ing the OD^^fl: where the priests are.This ajso forms a circular space whichsurrounds the Holy of Holies, ^^fl: 4'jP,""n : where tlie t;vbot with the holy vesselsis found." The form is this

:

N. door.

tjojgi^: s. Eth. hymn, nong. 1 Kings iv. 32.0";iAP: ""^A^: "Soiig of Songs/' theBook of the Canticles. Both this and the pre-ceding word are derived from the Eth. verb

'JAP: "io sing,"'' "to chant."

aq'JfiC' Eth. s. society, congregation, church.Al. T.q2\.: and WV: VlC.tfti^^i:: Rad.-ine.:: Vid. ?in4"

cnji^-l^qfO: $. seal, stamp, type, art of print-ing. Rad. I'lJ'tnJ::

aij'J'|"yoc: s. instrument or place for seal-ing, stamping, printing ; seal, stamp, type, ty-

pography, printing-ojjice. Rad. 'Jl'OO::

uuf: s. Heb. |0. manna. Ex. xvi. 31.ac}: s. the reed on a weavers loom, where the

threads of the web pass through.

o^: s. Ar. \jj^ a larger harbour or port; asmaller one, or anchoring-place, being called

avcfl: or aacfl:^^^.

n^'J: pron. int. masc. & fem. who? which?Ar. Eth. and Tigr. ooTf:: ^^. Heb. ]Qand "lO.

T""}: pron. int. n. Eth. tni_ :: Tigr. ?n'5:

Ar. U Heb. nC, which? what? ?OT:?iA: " ichat is there ?" " what matters or con-cerns it?" yn-J: IKK^; " what do I carefor itP" ?n^: ir\: " idiat has happened?""what's the matter?" "J^T: yyA: (indi-stinct) " how much ?" "what quantity .?" Alsoused as an interjection: "How much!"9ni: ?\A-n^:: :7KK'?:: and : ^xl^^: and the latter contr. T^f"!^^: allsynonymous expressions : " jvhat do I carefor," " what have I to do with," or " what mat-ters it to me ?" Jerem. xxiii. 6. : >kJtJ"^h.A9: ^^'i: 7\fi'fV%: 'flfV: jet'ouo)^:"and Israel shall dwell, saying, IVhat do Icare for?" {i,e. in security, midisturbedly.)'h's'^: 36.: ^^FA^ : " what have I (to dq)with thee?" John ii. 4. ijoi; ^(Q^: andcontr. yoiay-: "Wtcf is the matter .=" "ivhj?"7'i: \(D^: JitllT: hRd,1V: "why hastthou done this?" "jnTJ: JiouflAA:

S. door.

/nl: . . . tfu'ixxi-f: ( 32 ) o^'i^l-t'.-1'iV:

"what does it resemble?" "what is it like?"9"^: (5) do- Y\e\: " ahal. is the news?" 70^: oojtihCi,: '"Td.ArJAtJ: "whkh bookdoest thou want?" g^T: -flB.: A^owy-." for what (prop. " saying what ?") should I re-main?" Tw-J: AJLCO= ' ^''a< am I to do?'With prpposJ//ons ; A9"T: wherefore? whatfor? why? to what purpose? f|A: 9^1: andflT^I: OB^'iy-^: why? on what account,on what ground? for ivhat reason? (ll^'i:fvherein? whereby? lohereuith? 7Tj^:90'}: as what? like what? in what characteror capacity? Yiy^T: J5.: with what?

90^: Ruthii. 10. probably desire, tvish, fromthe Eth. ODiP: "iu desire"

U^'i'. ^iAn't": and more generally /fAH^: and 9F^n^: adv. perhaps, probably,likely.

oq'jfjo: pron. somebody, some person, any one,whoever ; and with negation : none, nobody, noone. aiJITD; J^^ouoiiyo: "nobody came.'"

sjW^^Oi pron. something, any thing : and withnegation; nothing, e.g. fpt'ifju: 2\/\j^^T^H; "he did nothing."

sio\axi\z V. n. to be useless, naughty, worthless,goodfor nothing, powerless.J^'oo^oo^: trs. to render useless, to weaken,

wade, &c. ^I^i-l-: KO'J^I: yao\9*TA: "envy wastes the bones," Prov.xiv. 30.

yofgn"^; (1) adj. worthless, good for nothing,useless, naughty,futile. Matt. xii. 36. (2) s. va-

nity, nuuyhiiness. Ps. lii. 7.

ijn'jjjo'j: pron. with negat. nothing whatever(stronger than gn^^a:)

yof"!ja'5'^"'|>: s. uselessness, worthlessness, weak-ness, futility, vanity. Job xi. 11.

aiJlU|-"f-: inf. of fi*^:: rising: getting up^breaking up. ^^:: "the being van-quished, overcome." Vid. \^::

avr^ui'V- inf- of YHv. (1) the lifting up.

(2) 7i^: : the kissing one's hand, (acourtesy in token of respect as well as friend-

ship, very common in Abyssinia.) (3) refusal.

(4) S^i ' '/'^' I anquishing, conquest, tictory.

n^T**!'I' : inf. of hl"i:: the Uping up, raising.

ODf^: inf. of {^:: the dwelling, remaining,residing, abiding; and i.q. oof(^y: dwelling-place, stay, abode, residence, habitation.

i"i!i

omiVi: . . . awi^}: ( 33 ) aui'q^'-f: . . . ooi^s.fi:

(jualified ? what manner of? (Lud. Very sel-dom used.)

ovryri : s. spoon. Ex. xxxviii. 3. Rad. 1V| ::*"*lYl-^.1frC= s- (0 -A-ny kind of carriage

which by means of rollers or wheels movesfrom one place to another. (2) An iron sortof moveable and portable fire-j>laces, two tothree feet square, resting upon iron feet withor without rollers. (3) cross-beam of a house,i.?- rt^T\: which word also is used for car-riages. (4) Eccles. xli. 6. it is used for wheel.Rad. 7\i\V-CX^^d,- q-v. in Lud. Lex. ^Eth.s.v.Yl-i4"

O^lVh-ll: V. n. to enter into monastic life, tobecome a manic or nun.

Q^iln rt.: s. ij.ovayos,monl{.ie.va. qo^^l rt.'t': nun.qfVl'-J*I: id. pi. qorTR-ft-t-: and qnrVl

1^^-:: and qwr"lVl'-fi-r::ou-jYI CLIi s. the jaw, jaw-bone. Eth. & Tigr.

trolYlfl::

"""iYT-rif: and fli^: monastic life, mo-nasticism.

9'k(D-: i-q- 91: \(IP: Vid. gwi::t"Jil-tU : and tnjjffu ; v. a. to clash, smack, clap

with the tongue at eating. Is applied in Shoato animals only.

fo'n-lC^ s- aduUerer.'P^'YHC,- 3. adultery.

J\CFDi}-J4: V. a. to commit adultery,

^"''SS ^'- '^i'- s- Ji'ij^o pi. (JjJULo handkerchief,

esp. pocket-handkerchirf. Amh. OtJ^ ^rytsjp ;

;

Isa. iiL 23.

"^1"C- ^* ''^^loge. Num. xxxi. 10.

"lu/Mf is this?" :_gd.A^^: "what does

he want ?'

' Tigr, 9"^ :^.e :

:

OO'}^^: inf. of l^*!*:: the muring, buildingwith slone,clay, or brick ; making awall: s.icall.

. 9^^K^ ^^^- ^' o^'c/ion, distress, trouble. Ps.Ixxi. 20. Tiie same in the name bab-el-mandeb," the gate of affliction."

OCJ^^: inf. of\^^ : the burning, conflagration.Uif^,y^'^: fire-place, fire-pot, stove, oven Lev.

xi. 35. Hos. vii. 4.

ov^p-. s. flock, herd. Gen. xiii. 5.

oo'5"|M'^ : s. kingdom. Gen. xx. 9. With agenitive case it is often constructed Ethiopi-

cally; e.g. tro'i'^fVT: >"IH.?-nt!ii.C"fjv^'qfiju'\-z f|tnj_p^: "the kingdom ofGod," ";/ie kingdom of heaven." Rad.HW ::

tm'ilC.: and onn^: inf. of n^-. and tfli^\: the speaking.

aqfjCP: s. means and organ of speaking ; as,a letter, a message, &c. Num. xxii. 7. ; ,

""OTJi^^: Ar. ^JjJusn^ catapult, engine for

throwing weapons when besieging any place.Jer. xxxii. 24. wrongly on.^: cli. xxxiii. 4.

^IT'sJ.T'C" murmuring, murmur, inf. of J\'5>d.>4" Vid. T 4"

otJ'j']j[-: s. way, road, passage. : T\^&.'"piassenger," "a passer-by," PTl-M*: :" king's road," i. e. " high way," main road.Num. XX. 1 7. Rad. Y}^ ::

f^^'^I^V- s. one that is on the road, traveller,passenger.

^^^Tr^^: s, jaw, jaw-bone. Ps. Iviii. 6. InShoa it is used also for molar tooth.^trojTi: V. trs. to hold or to open anotlier smouth.

^IfrSAniAJ?: s. any thing by wJiich some-thing is suspended; therefore, hook, chain,&c. Ex. XXV. 31. xxviii. 13.

''^'iflicq,: s. a turners lathe, instrument forturning and polishing. Rad. inifTI ::

o^^EQ.: V. a. to spring from a source, /oun

oo'}^i^^.Yl^C= Vid. OB'jVh/J.ln'-C-oaVhflTC^ Eth. and Tigr. i.q. the following.f"*1ry"flTC.P- ^* I'Toom, sweeper, brush. More

frequently ouX-4|^:: Rad. Ybfj'T*;: Eth." to sweep, brush." '

""llrtf'-s. Tuesday. Eth. & Tigr. WA-fl::"^YinCP' ^' ornament ; means, and subject of '

glorifying, honouring. Gen. xx. 16. Rad.

M\l\d,: Vid. Vin*^::O^iin'rE: inf. of Ylfiri'-: the surrounding, en-

compassing, a circuit, circumvallalion, a siege.

oo^l'fl'n: Eth. circle, circumference ; assembly

onYinnjp: "^Yi&jt-- ( 35. ) onyid.S": . . . 9"T^:

of persons collected in a circle; volume, i.e.

roll ofparchment, esp. the Book of Ecclesiastes(Preacher of Solomon); sum, crown, &ic. Vid.Ludolf. Eccles. i. 1, 2. xii. 7, 27. xii. 8, 9, 10.

oo'nn'njP: a.fence, he'ge, wall. Rad. Yinfl::BtoYT^"- s. he-goat (?) Bl.

ouYl'-'r: and 9nYl^'^: gelded caltle (usedchiefly of sheep and goats).

aoVi^: s. lattice? Judges v. 28.ooYij: V. n. to be sterile, barren, unproductive.

Gen. xxxi. 3S.

2\oroYli: to overflow, set under water. Jobxxxii. 16.

J^flODYll: caus. to render sterile, barren,

inflict barrenness. Gen. xx. 18.troVn: adj. sterile, barren. Gen. xi. 30.ooVli,: ? Ezra v. 14. AVli,: TlMnK-C:

rtfDfl)': gave it to makni " shashbatser."

oaY>T}: s. judge, governor, ruler, pi. ODlr|_'l'i-1':: Rad. Yl^i: Eth. "tojc/ye."

auYf^Y'l". s. sterility, barrenness, esp. ofwomen.

Isa. xlvii. 8.

jm^ny't': s. cause, reason, ground, account,motive. It is constructed with the prep.

n :: e.g. nT^Vn^'l-il: "on thy (fern.)account^ "for thy sate" Gen. xii. 13. fJH.

reason I do it." pqc'l-: 95njP-1-: ^flKIhrV- VCD*: " the ceruse of death is sin." 119^

"i: y^Vny^: "for w-hat reason?"" "onwliat ground?^"

ODViYlAf : i.(l- "tJ^YlA?'::croYlK= ^'/- '"'TtK: Ezek. xiii. 18.O'tJ^nj??': s. cover, covering, lid, cover-lid, tegu-

ment. Rad. \\^\"""TnidLA: (pass.) and ooVl d.A : (act.) inf. of

YldSLA: and Tl[ld.A: division, 'partition, dis-tribution.

oo\\&j6%.^' s. portion, part, division, share.i.q. YiQ.^" Col. i. 12. 2 Chr. x. 16. It isused chiefly to denote the distribution of alms

and presents, which the Cliurch gives on cer-tain days to the poor and to the scholars.

ooVlitS.'r: i'lf- of 'n.j>y: s. knocker, threshing-stick or flail.Rad. (D^::

"^Q)''!''^: s. mortar, consisting in the exca-vated piece of a trunk of a tree.

9"fl>.'"r: adj. dead. pi. ?0(D,J-'}: m. and9"fl)-J'""r: f. More generally contracted.OO"^: q.v.

9n*P^: &V"*P^-: s.verb. c/f/in^?, c?eaJ. Ex.xxi.30.F 2

avcD'm^:.

. .ano^li: ( 36 ) V*-H^^. . . . o^l^^.l^-

'^^"^CO'nd.' to try, atlcmpf, tempt. (Shoa.)

1OD{l)Y|^: pass, to be tried, tempted, at-tempted. Vid. qnYl ^J^: inf. of (D^" the loving, love,liking, affection.

O^CDK^: inf- pass, of fCDJE^K: the beingbeloved, liked, favoured ; high jmce.

ovQy''^: and cro(D-|^-: wave of water iu thesea, &e. Ar.

trr*'

.1_Jp: s. means for piercing, transfixing

;

fork, lance. Ex. xx^^i. 3. Kad. (D^::OOq>T__p: s. any instrument of warfare, esp.

arms. Deut. xx. 20. Rad.-l-T^- Vid. (D;1::

Oti(l>-llXj,: s. i.q. iny(iy-^-t'::. gff: ooi-jotH^: lite-rally, "child of the jisalms,''^ scholar, diacipjle,

(because the reading and singing of thePsalms form a prominent part of Abyssinianlearning), pi. ^|>: ctoH*>^'C'1*::

roH9"C: s. pi. *J^ni^6n.: i.q. n"^i:and YxH^^i". singer, songster, musician.1 Chr. ix. 33.

9^T{'!?*''H : s. a certain weight of an unknownquantity.

o^llC.: A.r.jj[:i. Ex. xxviii. 22. derived from

jl, to strengthen, tie firmly, dress : but its

proper signification is uncertain: it stands

for the Heb. ]U)n " the breast-jdate" of the

high-priest. Ezra ii. 3.

U^lii.'P: s. spjear, shaft of a lance. 2 Sam.xxiii. 7. Ezek. xxxix. 9.

CRJI-f^."!": iuf. of H&>: the sutving, the seed.

o^liiy : s. field sown with corn. Jos. xix. 16.Rad. H6.::

*"JH1CJP* ^' standing-water, pool, pond. Deut.

viii. 7.

aviAQy: s. and tnjHCJ?: i.q. OVHCDO anytiling that turns round, revolves upon itself,esp. wheel, roller, cylinder, screw. Jer. x%-iii. 3.

Rad.Hr^:: ?H4::o^Ti^T.^: and goh^^I^': place where, andmeans whereby, any thing is spread out orextended. Ezek. xlvii. 10. Rad. K43- andTHO"

"VHn.JP: . . . troHlJFi: ( 37 ) "^Hd.1'-"^^^^'

"ilHn.JP: s. latchet, lace, cord. Gen. xiv. 23.

Isa. V. 27.

cron5: V. a. & intrs. to weigh, to balance, poise,ponder, and to measure in general. Gen. xxiii.

16. Isa. xxvi. 7. Ax.^'fy

l-otiH^: pass, to be tveigked, poised, pondered.J^fjOfDj-il: caus. to have weighed, to cause to

weigh.

ET^HT : s. poise, weight, balance, scales of abalance. P : J\T^: " index (pr rioinf^ nnAweight of the balance.'''' Ar. ^jijju.

oqHI: inf. of YxHY- the repenting, regret, pity,forbearance, saving, or sparine/.

omi'i- or oijOUT: s. corner, angle. Ex.xxvi. 19.

trot-j^: s. tlie weigher, balancer. Isa. xxxiii. 18.'^'^Hllf^: s. recorder. Isa. xxxvi. 22.

**^H(DC: s. the turning round, revolving, revo-lution ; tliat which turns or is turned, wheel,roller, cylinder, screw, &c.

^'^HfflC^.P: s. turning instrument, keg ofa screw,

handle of a ivheel, and i.q. CT^HCDC:: ^^d-

i^HH: V. a. to draw (1) the sword out of itssheath, &c. Ex. xv. 9. Ezek. xvii. 9 ; (2) a

plant out of the ground, eradicate, Eccles. iii. 2.

^-f-onHH: pass, to be drawn, puUed out.

Ezek. xvii. 9.

;^flfroHH: caus. to cause the drawing of asword, &c. Lev. xxvi. 33.

tJ^HH.: MAZAzi s. a long sort of wood used forbuilding, chiefly for the support of the roof.

Proverb: oroHH.: tk^^lO '}'&% MIC.:"As the MAZAzi for the rafter, so is the gu-RAOUE man for talk," i.e. long.

ODHH?*: s. talker, tattler, " a person that makesa hundred words out of one," said my infor-mant.

"JTilC: S' cattle-louse, tick."^Tn"!! : s. treasury, treasure ; also original

writing, in opposition to "copy," Rad. Hm : Eth.

''^'H'l.JP : s. panel of a door, lock. Ex. xxvi. 17.

Rad. H^::"""mjE: inf. of HIP: the tarrying, delay.

ODHd.!: inf. of Hd.^:: the dancing, playing(with music) ; music, dance.

trq-VC: i.q. oo^pTf::qo_p; s. hire, rent, wages.

oi/P: ^iJE'^: Eth. water of the Deluge, deluge.Di;!_^-fj : and the followinga^^{}V'^ s. layman, non-clerical person, man

of the world.ontjp^: inf. of J\P:: the seeing, sight, vision,

aspect, look, beholding. Gen. xxvii. 1.

tmyif:: orapf^:: f^^yj^: and o^'H'::(1) handle, hold; any thing that serves for

seizing, holding ; ear, haft, of a vessel ; grasp,

&e. {2) pawn or pledge. Rad. JPH::ao_pff^: s. hem of a garment. Ps. cxxxiii. 2.

t^^PTiy: n. pr. MiAZiA, the eighth month ofthe Abyssinians, beginning on the seventh oreighth day of April.

auyjl^y: s. any instrument which serves /orcatching ; a trap, snare, &c.

on_g: s. ^j^Sa flood of the sea, returning tide.n^^: s. comb.oi}_g-: i.q. a^'^h^: q.v.tnj^: s. & adj. yonder, the opposite shore.cf^^: s. (1) the outside. l\ : outside, withotd

adv., out of doors, abroad, externally. (2) plain,

field, valley, i.q. Ar. ^^!j.

"3*,K'C= ^"'1 'F'.^^i': s. earth, land, country.9^^^: n^: lit. "Zand of emptiness"; ivil-derness, desert; uninhabited, uncultivated kmdor country. ^^\: ^oj^j^; "water-eloset."m?a^'C: lit. "country of sheep," bagga-MEDDER, MCThT^^J^: agowmedder, twoprovinces of Abyssinia. 2\(^B: ^ajj;^*i^:" the bmte of the earth," i. e. " serpent"

"^S4n.y: s. cover, covering, of a house: roof,thatch. Isa. xiv. 11.

"^^^ti : (1) both the upper and under beamsin a door-frame. (2) Ar. Z.J^ place, room.1 Kings vi. 5. Prov. xxvi. 14.

W^^&.X'. adj. earthy, earthly.tm^iOk: Ar. L:^i,. Exod. xxviii. 6. The

Arabic translation of the Heb. TDb? seemsto signify a jacket, from e,i "arm," i.e. that

^KCP:-""JOS-: ( 38 )

"^i^'C: '^A:

piece of sacerdotal vestment which clothesthe arms.

*"JKCy = s. hnbitation, res'idence, dwelling-place,lodijing. Ex. xv. 13. Zech. ii. 13. Rad.

oq.^f|: inf. of hy_rt:: renovation, renewal.P : n'^A: "festival of the renewal" (re-newed consecration of tlie Temple by the Mac-cabeans.) John x. 22.

'^^ ! : S. renovation, renewal, reformation, re-

of the 30th Psalm.

Rad. hg ^ : and t^iljx "oo^i^: s. anvil. (Pei'haps from aa^^^:)Gen. iv. 22.

9^J^^,S- s. n sort of gazelle, antelope.

'^Ji'f! : s. yellow copper, brans.tn}^'{\: s. (1) heap. Gen. xxxi. 40. Col. ii. 20.

(2) a seat of clay, cra^q^: Eth. plural.Pro\r. X. 3.

oo^'fj: id. Hos. xii. 11.JB^^ : s. small and bad ' Dergo ''-bread, bywhich the king or govcnior maintains guestsof little consideration.

ao^'^'i: s. (1) agent, surety, substitute, mediator.(2) deliverer. Rad. Jl^'51: Eth.

f^^-Xi: i-q- ^K'^". "^J^T^: s^Af": Eth.Stat, constr. " Saviour of the World."

f^iv^^Yjt". s. (1) remedy, medicine. (2) cure,deliverance, redemption, restoration, salvation.

(3) perenallagen, abstr.pro concrete: Saviour,

generally applied to Christ, as both Saviour

and salvation. HA: : "possessor of reme-dies,''^ i. e. "physician" and " apothecar}'" (both

being the same in Abyssinia). PHAA9": : "eternal salvation" Gen. xlix. 18. Ex. xv. 2.

mj^T: inf. of t\&' hunting, chace.oq^l: inf. of Y\^: the saving, relieving, re-

deeming, deliverance; Saviour, deliverer, re-

deemer. Vid. 5^5::ou^'J: inf. of gll: tlie restoration, cure, deli-

verance, recovery, salvation.

*E5PJP: s. object of astonishment. Jer. xxv. 9.

li.'41.

anjp^p^: At- "-aJ^ stands Ex. xxviii. 20.for TlZ'Si'l jasper.

1jl,j^ stands Ex. xxviii.

"i.P,^: adj. exterior, external, outward.on^yj!.: s. a small flat plate of Abyssinianworkmanship, made of straw, Jind used forthe cleansing of com. Num. vii. 14. Jer.xxiv. 1.

"'^,'^: s. swelling of the testicles.

^^}X,'!J'- M^DKGA, s. (1) a measure of solids, con-taining 16 liofi: q.v, it is the 8th part of aEC},'}:: (2) a jar used for carrying water,beer, or other liquids ; and generally con-taining about one madEga, but not always.This jar is often called IT^p ; g\mbo. Gen.xxiv. 14. 2 Chr. ii. 10.

irojgf-'jiyn: inf. of^^ao ;; the repetition, reading.(jo^'jijrny

: s. means of repeating, esp. rosary.Al. oo4>--fn(^y::

"J^1Q.: inf. of ^7/5^:: the support'ing, assis-tance, support.

"^^T^^-*: S. means of support, assistance.

TDJ^^: Ar. jijvo- cannon, piece of artillery.p : au^AEEl,: "connoH-foundry." poJ^^.?": P\Q,'V: ortnrtn.j?: "collectionof cannons and guns," i.e. arsenal.

ou^: s. upper or smaller millstone, which thegrinding woman holds in her hands, rubbingit backwards and forwards against the lowerand larger millstone, which chiefly is called

aogacf^_P: s. (l) beginning. (2) thefirst,for-mer, foremost. Had. ^JD^: "lo begin,"

i^X^c.ti'- Ar. ^jsr

KfloniA: ...9?^nr: ( 39 ) o^pnji't"' "^"V-s/t"-

J\|"|rnj*J/\: caus. to produce, bring on suppu-ration.

OD"|^: s. pus, coagulating, suppurating matteror lymph. Job ii. 8.

O^liil^i: inf. of ?i^A^A:: service, minister-ing, administration. In the N. T. esp. applied

to the collection made for the support of theChurch of Jerusalem. Acts xi. 29.

agi^lA^: s. utensils of theLevitical ministryin general; hand-vessels, as pans and othertilings. Rad. r^^A^A ' to serve.

"nA*l^ : id. and any other instruments forservice. I Chr. xxiii. 28. Ex. xxvii. 3.

o'9^^: s. rafter; roo/-ZZ/i, -whereon the straw isfastened. Prov. xxi. 9. jMark ii. 4.

cro^i^^: curtain, veil. Ex. xx^i. 14. Rad.

*^^1d,Q,y ' s. any chastising instrument ; a rod,whip. Rad. 14

gn*)*J: . . . otiTrti'l&jp: ( 40 ) ""TA^^ ...oornn*:

the baking.

9^*1*1: s. a standing small Jire-place, used forbaking. Lev. ii. 7.

oO'*i'): s. id. Luc. xii. 2S.

o^PlC- inf. of 314,: andtnipiO inf. of 2\:n^:OTJTP: s. clover.OW'ltq,: contr. of au{I>.ia;{,: mortar. 1 Kings

vii. 50.

OTKTj:: aojj:: and ong:: v. n. to come, toarrive. Eth. ITOR'?\: Tigr. aoR-j^i.: Heb.N^. inf. onqrofrj-'^; the comiwi. arrival.IT "Tl.jtu: ODfTi: "the king has (just) arrived.'"'oon^U-: "/ come'''' (;.e. directly or instantly;ansiver of a servant, &c. when he is sum-moned to his master). "X^'RT: ^TE: "/Fxtroi'nAIJ': "I will take my things and come.''''_pg:nfTj^*5 : " let him come to me." \p: cmT'U: ?J^CTPAll-: " to-morrow I will comeand do it" >kCl>: o^'y^ipAf: ?^^'r:J\^(|^_^^jn: " whereas he is come, you shallnot (orneed not to) go," troR-/fhJ.1: ,&HU : f : " take thy book and come " (or bringthy book). J^^V : ^JEl : IhA'Tlh9" : ^- :

:

"come thou (fem.), and come you all!" rh.^K'

f: f: nAQX": "go> and tell him (to) come."

l/\'5: "when he comes, we will co;ne toyou." (2d pers. sing, honor.)YxOVfTiz V. a. to make to come, i.e. to bring.

inf. oijyBfrj''^: the bringing. Gen. ii. 19.imper. K^nnr): sing. m. ?i9"01.: f. J^s?"fll-: pi. 'P'l?'!^: (B^:i- 2\7"1^=?:"bring me a little wnter."

'J'aofri: n. i.(/. erafT\: to come. Often used

in Shoa.

p^f|OiiT5: caus. to make, to cause to come.Deut. XXV. 8'.

90*?:: ^otO" and 70O: 9TO00: s. Za6ourof child-birth.

irijn^: v. a. to travail in child-birth, to have

throes.

J^jjqni : to travail in child-birth. Isa. xxiii. 4.Rad. JfO'p::

O^^TA^JP: s- means or instrument for sound-

ing,fathoming, measuring any depth ('VA^O-

Jer. Hi. 19. it is used for spoon.0"TAQ.y: s. n fishing-hook. Rad. fllA*!.::aufuijuxj-i-; inf. of mo^J"^: or nicnooo:

pe7T'ers/7y.

ooTcno^: inf. of mo:: (1) baptizing.(2) baptist, used of John the Baplid.

ou'pDnD^jp: andCTD'pmjcjjy: any cup,basiu,or other vessel; or poo/, or jjohc/, in whichdipping or diving may be done ; esp. (1) thebaptismal/onf. (2) wine-jrress. (3) in brewery,+1., lue water wixnthe malt. (4) dish containing gravy or any

sauce in which they dip their bread, &c.Numb, xviii. 27. Isa. v. 2. Rad. fnouejj; f^.,..

OTj'yaue^J?: id. Nehem. iii. 16.a'ipjragw: inf. of fn|>oii: pro//, advantage,

use, utility.

aD'p?i: s. (1) candle-snuffers, Ex. xxv. 38.(2) gun stick, ramrod, rammer. Rad. fnI>rt::

''"'nin^: inf. of ffin*!*:: observing, preserving,guarding ; observation, observance, preservation,protection, &c.

ora*T)f|^: inf. of 'r"in'P:: the stronglyadhering to any thing, the cement, glue.

oon^n*^: "}*: ( 41 ) OU'CII: o^H:

tJDrrjfj*!*^: s. cement, gJue.*nj(H[|^p: s. watch-post, (juard, any place or

means for ivatclmg and guarding. Ps. Ixxix. 1.CJD([I1^: v.a. to measure, to mete out. 2 Cor. iii.

10. to model.

OiJffi'5: s. measure, proportion. ^1^: : &fl : in proportion, according to. Gen. xlvii.

12: "Joseph gave them com" 'hTi^: A^^^Oh: .erami: "in j)roportion to theirchildren (i.e. according to their children'snumber and want)."

f^dWV- adj. proportionate, adapted, snitable,adequate, corresponding, agreeable, proper.

o^nii : s. censer, incensory, perfuming-pan.Ex. xx^'ii. 3. Rad. hSTll::

tnjcri_p: s. throw; that luhich is thrown (e.g. ajavelin) ; andplace whither any thing is thrown.P*l^^^: : heap of rubbish, or place ivherethe rubbish was collected. Neh. ii. 13.

0^fnP4*: inf. of fI)F

ooRAl-: . .o^X-r-l-: (

"J: (sc. |>'J: or OA'l''") "fl'e third dvy ofthe week," i.e. THMcZfly. Prov. xiii. 1 2 : Yl:

VJ^tX'V- PDnin: v. to play, mock at, ridicule, deride,scorn, hold in derision. Ps. ii. 4.

/"y^^: a. joke, jest, scorn, ridicule, and object ofit. Ps. xliv. 13. Hosea vii. 16.

UlAfifl: i-q- the following. Vid. Act. \iii. 27.

lilA (D\ : V. n. & a. to have permission, authority,dominion, and power; to govern, to reign.

Gen. i. 16. Ar. kC, id.?ilUAni^: '" i'"''' orfurnish with authority,

power, or dominion.

TUIAfni: pass, to receive authority, &c.UlArtl.'i^ s. (1) a lance, spear. (2) a piece of

cloth inserted in trowsers between the junc-ture of the legs (probably so called from itsresembhng a spear).

M'A'^T: s. permission, authority, poicer, domi-nion. In S. S. sometimes like k^ovcrla abstr.pro concr. governor, potentate, pi. M'A"!{"-"r: j>owers. Col. i. 16. Ar. ^^ILL id.

UJrhA: Ar. J..vL sea-coast ; plain, even country.Zech. iv. 7.

jUjroO'Tn:. .

.Mfi.PV:: ( 44 ) UJCK*:- -^.l:

tumy-tpj; Ar. .^ the sammuji, hot wind ofthe desert Isa. xxv. 5. Jer. xviii. 17.

Ujoo^: V. n. to be pleasant, agreeable, lovely.Job xxii. 21.

^wya^-Y": s. pleasantness, agreeableness, accepta-b'diiy, loveliness, benevolence. Num. v. 8.P :aoAuq>o^: p; v.a. to torment, torture, plague ; to vex

extremely, inflict excruciating pain.

"ilP: id. Ps.xxxv. 13: 5j5.rt,T: . . . ujcf^"X^ . " / chastised my soul (myself)."

MUI'P: pass. Gen. iv. 15.

TWfP: act. i.q. UI'I'P." and pass. i.q.TIU'I'P::

M'3*.E: &.pain, torment, torture, vexation, chas-tisement. Rev. xiv. 11.

UJn : v. n. to be fat, pro l^Q: q.v.

UUV'S-: Ar. JAm s. simlloiv, hirundo domestica.Jer. viii. 7.

Und.C: Eth. ap. Lud. rtlTC: s. sapphire(gem). Ezek. i. 26.

U|_Js^: Heb. b'iNilJ state and mansion of thedead ; esp. hell.

t^'7\\.". A"A: anuM'OA:: s. figure, likeness,image, picture, drawing. Ex. xx. 4.

UJ*P: V. a.

M;j^: 6*J: ( 45 ) C"^: 2\fl4Tl:

another word current; but frequently theyuse K^A: (person, vTroorao-tf, TTjOocrcoTrov) im-properly. lA: means the human body, butit is, as yet, very little used. The idea of athing which has dimensions is yet strangeto them ; therefore, of course, they have notfelt the necessity of having an expressionfor that idea.

fi*;;}%i adj.m.M';j^^: i. fleshly,carnal,bodily.

: T"n^: "discharge from the rectum,""stool." Deut. xxiii. 12. : : oo^Kyu;" the going to stool."

UUfntTO: V. n. to he drowned, die in water.Mark v. 13.?iiU) fflfJO: V. a. to drown. Ex. xiv. 28.'TUJfnf': pass, to he drowned.

"JJtl : s. hox, chest, cojjin, &c. Gen. l. 26. Inthe N. T. improperly for treasure, which is"D-Hl^::

^:: C^f|: eEEs, the sixth letter of the Abys-sinian alphabet. Is pronounced v,'ith a vibra-tion of the anterior edge of the tongue, as inmost other languages. When preceded byA : it often absorbs it; e.g. Gen. xxii. 16:Yvi^&.U^P^^'. instead of ^lAd.^iJ'F'F:" thou hast not spared, or -n-itliheld." Wordsbeginning with t^: are, in Abyssinian writing,often preceded by an /^ : e. g. tt&.fl : insteadof ^.f|:: "Xt^'l : instead of ^i^ : This pecu-liarity seems to originate in the nature of

this consonant, and answers, in some measure,the spiritus over the p in the Greek language

;

with this difference, that over the Greek p thespiritus is an asper [j>] whereas the "3^ s