© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

Audio Watermarking Technologies for Protection of Digital Audio and Video

Joseph M. Winograd, Ph.D.Verance Corporation

Presentation to DVD CPTWG

September 20, 2000

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

Presentation Overview

• Audio Watermark Technology Overview

• DVD-A/SDMI-1 System Overview

(“Verance System”)

• Potential Uses of “Verance System” for

DVD-V

• Other Verance Solutions for Video

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

Verance Audio Watermarking Overview

• Data embedded directly into audio waveform

• Transparent– Passed multiple “golden ears” tests

• Robust– Survives consumer and professional processing,

including unprotected analog and digital formats

• Efficient– Low implementation complexity

• Flexible– Extensible to fragile watermarking, compressed

formats, layering, transactional, and beyond

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

“Verance System” Overview

• Created by Verance and 4C with record industry participation

• Component of DVD-Audio security architecture– playback/record control, serial copy management

• Adopted for SDMI Portable Device specification– record control, upgrade trigger

• 30+ licensees currently, including:– Leading CE manufacturers

– Leading IT companies

– The five major worldwide recording companies

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

“Verance System” Overview (cont’d.)

• Transparency– Demonstrated inaudible at 96/24 in multiple tests

with recording industry “golden ears”

• Robustness– Lossy coding to 32 kbps/channel, noise to 35 dB,

±10% speed change, ±4% time scaling, echo, wow & flutter, multichannel mixing, equalization, analog conversion, more

• Efficiency– Detection possible in low cost devices

(including DVD-Audio players and recorders)

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

“Verance System” Data Payload

• 72-bit Data Payload– 4 CCI bits every 15 seconds of content

– 8 Usage Identifier bits every 15 seconds of content

– 60 Content Identifier bits every 30 seconds of content

CCI (4) Usage ID (8) Content ID (60)

72-bit Verance System Watermark Payload

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

“Verance System” CCI Data Field

• C3, C2: Copy Status (CS) bits– [1,0] = One Copy Allowed

– [1,1] = No More Copies

– C2 can be remarked by compliant recorder

• C1: SDMI Upgrade Trigger bit– [0] = Phase I devices handle content according to CS bits

– [1] = Phase I devices reject content, request upgrade

• C0: Reserved for future use– Current devices ignore

CCI (4) Usage ID (8) Content ID (60)

C3 C2 C1 C0

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

“Verance System” Usage ID Data Field

• U7-U0: Usage Identifier (UID) bits– Reserved for future use

– Currently required to be set to all zeros

– Anticipated to be used to identify release formats (e.g. DVD-Audio, EMD, etc.)

– Potentially useful for applying content protection policies according to media type or release format

CCI (4) Usage ID (8) Content ID (60)

U7 U6 U5 U4 U3 U2 U1 U0

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

“Verance System” Content ID Data Field

• V59-V0: Content Identifier (CID) bits– Reserved for future use

– Not currently licensed

– Anticipated to be used to identify content/recording uniquely

CCI (4) Usage ID (8) Content ID (60)

V59 V58 V57 V2 V1 V0

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

“Verance System” Serial Copy Management (DVD-A)

Encrypted,CS = [1,0]

Encrypted,CS = [1,1]

Unencrypted,CS = [1,0]

Unencrypted,CS = [1,1]

Compliant Playback Device (DVD-Audio)

Compliant Recording Device (DVD-Audio)

Encrypted,CS = [1,1]

R

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

“Verance System” usage in SDMI Phase I Devices

CS = [1,0] SDMI = 0

CS = [1,1] SDMI = 0

CS = [1,0] SDMI = 1

CS = [1,1] SDMI = 1

Phase I SDMI-Compliant Recording Device

CS = [1,0] SDMI = 0

U N S E C U R E D T R A N S F E R

UPGRADE UPGRADE

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

“Verance System” Enhancements for SDMI Ph. II

• Existing Verance System system plus: – Enhanced Security Embedding

• Increased security within SDMI usage models

– Enhanced Robustness Watermarking• Improved robustness overall

(e.g. lossy compression to 8 kbps/channel, noise to 10 dB)

– Analog Fragile Watermark• Provides “do-not-copy-if-compressed” state to permit

detection of unauthorized compression

– Remarking• Not supported in Phase I specification• Three remarking options: Master-Quality, Studio-Quality,

Consumer-Quality

– Renewability

• Currently under evaluation by SDMI

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

Potential Use of “Verance System” for DVD-V

• DVD-Video Playback/Record Control I

– Modified serial copy management protocol • One serial copy over encrypted channel AND one serial

copy over unencrypted channel• Supported by existing “Verance System”

components

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

Modified Serial Copy Management Protocol

Encrypted,WM CS = [1,0] CGMS = [1,0]

Encrypted,WM CS = [1,1] CGMS = [1,1]

Compliant Playback Device (DVD-Video)

Compliant Recording Device (DVD-Video)

Encrypted,WM CS = [1,1]

CGMS = [1,1]

R

Encrypted,WM CS = [1,0]

CGMS = [1,1]

Encrypted,WM CS = [1,0] CGMS = [1,1]

•Playback control for unencrypted content is supported but not shown

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

Potential Use of “Verance System” for DVD-V

• DVD-Video Playback/Record Control II

– Standard serial copy management protocol• One serial copy over encrypted channel OR one serial

copy over unencrypted channel• Requires additional technologies (compressed

remarking)

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

“Verance System” Serial Copy Management

Encrypted,CS = [1,0]

Encrypted,CS = [1,1]

Unencrypted,CS = [1,0]

Unencrypted,CS = [1,1]

Compliant Playback Device (DVD-V/A)

Compliant Recording Device (DVD-V/A)

Encrypted,CS = [1,1]

Rc R

Note: Rc = Remarking of compressed content

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

Other Verance Solutions for Video

• Enhanced recording control – Additional bits enable signaling of distribution channel– Remarking prevents serial circumvention

• Transactional marking – DRM architectures (including video on demand and

pay per view systems)– Production environments

• Content usage tracking/metering– Broadcast monitoring– Digital Cinema– Peer-to-peer file sharing networks– Forensic anti-piracy tools

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

Summary

• Verance audio watermarking enables increased copyright protection

• “Verance System” is:– seeing widespread acceptance and deployment

• DVD-Audio, SDMI Phase I, SDMI Phase II candidate

– expected to be integrated in video products (e.g. DVD-A/V combo products)

– applicable to protection of audiovisual materials– extensible to new rights management architectures

• Verance technology is applicable to many additional rights management applications

© 2000 Verance Corporation Verance

Audio Watermarking Technologies for Protection of Digital Audio and Video

Joseph M. Winograd, Ph.D.VeranceCorporation

Presentation to DVD CPTWG

September 20, 2000