1. Declaration: statement or announcement. 2. Nuclear: comes from word “nucleus”. The

core of a cell, which is very small. Referring to energy released from the splitting of atoms – also very small.

3. Radiation: energy coming from waves or rays, sending out particles.

4. Offensive: to attack, be aggressive. “Go on the offensive”.

5. Unconditional: total, with no conditions. The Japanese had to agree to “unconditional surrender”.

Go back and think – Go back and think – What is an Atom?What is an Atom?

The tiniest piece of The tiniest piece of anything.anything.

How would you How would you split split the tiniest piece of the tiniest piece of anything apart?anything apart?

You need an You need an incredible amount incredible amount of energyof energy..

Imagine how Imagine how destructivedestructive this this energy could be.energy could be.

Whoever figures Whoever figures this out can rule the this out can rule the world. world.

If Germany and Japan had created an atomic bomb, it would be used against the Allies.

Secret Project by U.S. government to split an atom.

Two atomic bombs were made, “Little Boy” and “Fat Man.”

“Little Boy was the first a-bomb to be used offensively.

“Fat Man”

“Little Boy”

What were President Harry Truman’s motivations for using the Atomic Bomb against Japan in World War II?

Americans were suffering many casualties and the Japanese were showing no signs of possible negotiation.

For months the U.S. had been firebombing Japanese cities.

Tokyo, March, 1945

20 Billion in todays dollars.

Some argued that since we paid so much for it, we had to use it.

Japan would not agree to “unconditional surrender”.

An invasion of Japan would be too costly – in lives and money.

It could take years. U.S running out of

money.

Tokyo, March, 1945

Terms of surrender for Japan were outlined.

Unconditional Surrender vs. Conditional Surrender.

Map of Europe finalized. Stalin demanded a lot,

due to the fact it had highest number of casualties in Europe.

Beginning of Cold War Secretary of State Byrnes

said it might make Russia more “manageable”.

At Potsdam, Stalin was difficult.

Stimson wrote in his diary, “"the atomic bomb was the United States' master card in dealing, not just with Japan, but with the Soviet Union as well”.

The Soviet Union promised the U.S. it would join the war against Japan.

Truman didn’t wait. Why could that be?

Conditional Surrender – he stays on as Emperor.

U.S would not agree to this in June, 1945. War could have ended then.

After bombing, Hirohito surrenders.

The atomic bomb was given as the main reason for the surrender of Japan.

8:15 AM, “The Little Boy” was dropped over the center of Hiroshima

It exploded about 2,000 ft. above the city and had a blast the equivalent to 13 kilotons of TNT.

Due to radiation, approximately 150,000 additional people have died.

On August 10, 1945 thousands of leaflets were dropped over the city of Nagasaki.

Sample Leaflet

The “Fat Man” on August 9, 1945.

The Japanese finally surrendered on September 2, 1945.

The younger they were at the time, and the more radiation they were exposed to, the higher their risk of illness.

Rain that follows any atomic detonation is laden with radioactive particles, and many survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki blasts succumbed to radiation poisoning.

Headache Shortness of

breath Rapid heartbeat Inflammation of

the mouth and throat

Worsening of tooth or gum disease

Hair loss Dry cough

Heart inflammation with chest pain

Burning Permanent skin

darkening Bleeding spots

anywhere under the skin

Hemorrhage Anemia

45% of survivors experienced thyroid problem.

As of 1990, there were 176 reported deaths caused by leukemia among the survivors.

Damage to immune system

Rare photo taken at ground level of Nagasaki bombing

Hiroshima was burnt to ashes